
显示样式: 排序: IF: - GO 导出
-
Carnivore coprolites from “Gruta del Indio” site as source of paleoparasitological and paleoecological evidences (late Pleistocene-Holocene, Mendoza, Argentina) Archaeol. Anthropol. Sci. (IF 2.063) Pub Date : 2021-01-18 Bellusci Agustín, Fernández Fernando Julián, Beltrame María Ornela
In the southern cone of South America, inhabit a large diversity of Neotropical carnivores. Carnivore coprolites are a valuable source of paleoecological and paleoparasitological information. The rock shelter Gruta del Indio (GI) is an emblematic archeological and paleontological site located from Mendoza, Argentina. Several studies were conducted at this site, which provided a stratified sequence
-
Archaeological and experimental studies of splintered pieces in the Central Asian Upper Paleolithic Archaeol. Anthropol. Sci. (IF 2.063) Pub Date : 2021-01-18 K. A. Kolobova, V. M. Kharevich, A. V. Kharevich, A. Yu. Fedorchenko, E. N. Bocharova, R. Kurbanov, D. Flas, A. I. Krivoshapkin, J. W. Olsen
In Paleolithic archaeology, there are two dichotomous perspectives on so-called splintered pieces, or pieces esquillées, in which, depending upon archaeological context and the availability and quality of lithic of raw material, such pieces are considered bipolar cores or tools for processing organic materials. Here, we discuss for the first time functionality, reduction models, and modes of using
-
Technological transition and complexity reflected in bronze and brass objects from the medieval site in the Aral Sea region Archaeol. Anthropol. Sci. (IF 2.063) Pub Date : 2021-01-16 Jang-Sik Park, Dmitriy Voyakin
The medieval period in the region near the Aral Sea must have been the era of significant sociopolitical changes and notable transitions in material culture. This prediction was tested with a metal assemblage consisting of numerous bronze and brass objects, mostly small items for personal use, excavated from the medieval (ca. 800–1000 AD) site near the Aral Sea in Kazakhstan. A technological transition
-
A new investigative strategy to diagnose β-thalassemia syndrome in past human populations Archaeol. Anthropol. Sci. (IF 2.063) Pub Date : 2021-01-16 Filippo Scianò, Barbara Bramanti, Emanuela Gualdi-Russo
The study of thalassaemia syndromes in archeological human remains is of growing interest in the field of paleopathology. However, a definitive diagnosis of the disease in skeletonized individuals remains difficult. Several non-specific bone lesions have been suggested as the most likely evidence of β-thalassaemia syndrome. In particular, skull lesions have been considered by several scholars as the
-
New trajectories or accelerating change? Zooarchaeological evidence for Roman transformation of animal husbandry in Northern Italy Archaeol. Anthropol. Sci. (IF 2.063) Pub Date : 2021-01-15 Angela Trentacoste, Ariadna Nieto-Espinet, Silvia Guimarães, Barbara Wilkens, Gabriella Petrucci, Silvia Valenzuela-Lamas
Throughout the Western provinces of the Roman Empire, greater economic and political connectivity had a major impact on agricultural production, which grew in scale and specialisation after integration with the Roman state. However, uniquely in Western Europe, farming strategies in Italy began to evolve centuries before the Roman conquest, and many ‘Roman’ patterns associated with livestock size and
-
Italo-Mycenaean and other Aegean-influenced pottery in Late Bronze Age Italy: the case for regional production Archaeol. Anthropol. Sci. (IF 2.063) Pub Date : 2021-01-15 Richard E. Jones, Sara T. Levi, Marco Bettelli, Valentina Cannavò
Decorated Italo-Mycenaean (IM) pottery, a high-status class found and made over three centuries from the Italian Late Middle Bronze Age onwards, was the subject of a large archaeological and archaeometric enquiry published by the present authors in 2014. The present paper focuses on identifying IM’s centres of production. The results of chemical analysis of IM using mainly ICP-ES make a strong case
-
Historical overview and new directions in bioarchaeological trace element analysis: a review Archaeol. Anthropol. Sci. (IF 2.063) Pub Date : 2021-01-15 Rachel Simpson, David M. L. Cooper, Treena Swanston, Ian Coulthard, Tamara L. Varney
Given their strong affinity for the skeleton, trace elements are often stored in bones and teeth long term. Diet, geography, health, disease, social status, activity, and occupation are some factors which may cause differential exposure to, and uptake of, trace elements, theoretically introducing variability in their concentrations and/or ratios in the skeleton. Trace element analysis of bioarchaeological
-
An isotopic analysis of Late Lapita and State Period diets in Tonga Archaeol. Anthropol. Sci. (IF 2.063) Pub Date : 2021-01-13 Jack N. Fenner, Estelle Herrscher, Frédérique Valentin, Geoffrey Clark
Tonga is a Polynesian island chain that was initially colonized by the Lapita culture about 2700 years ago. Its inhabitants went on to found the Tongan State about 700 years ago. Our project uses carbon and nitrogen stable isotope analyses to investigate and compare the diets of Lapita and Tongan State individuals. Sampled burial locations include the Talasiu shell midden cemetery dating to the Late
-
Sampling density and spatial analysis: a methodological pXRF study of the geochemistry of a Viking-Age house in Ribe, Denmark Archaeol. Anthropol. Sci. (IF 2.063) Pub Date : 2021-01-09 Pernille L. K. Trant, Søren M. Kristiansen, Anders V. Christiansen, Barbora Wouters, Søren M. Sindbæk
This study explores the significance of spatial sampling resolution on portable X-ray fluorescence (pXRF) analysis of an archaeological settlement site with favorable preservation conditions and clearly defined stratigraphic contexts as a benchmark study to interpret geochemical mapping of anthropogenic elemental markers. We present geochemical elemental mapping of a Viking-Age house floor in Denmark
-
Rock art dating by 230 Th/ 234 U analysis: an appraisal of Chinese case studies Archaeol. Anthropol. Sci. (IF 2.063) Pub Date : 2021-01-08 Tang Huisheng, Robert G. Bednarik
A reconsideration of the application of 230Th/234U analysis to thin accretionary skins of re-precipitated carbonate to secure minimum or maximum ages for physically related rock art suggests that the controversy it has created can be resolved. A program to test the method’s results indicates that such calcite skins tend to yield age estimates that are too high, particularly from Pleistocene samples
-
A new approach to an old material: an examination of the metallurgical ceramic assemblage of Enkomi, Cyprus, with the use of handheld portable X-ray fluorescence spectrometry Archaeol. Anthropol. Sci. (IF 2.063) Pub Date : 2021-01-08 Demetrios Ioannides, Vasiliki Kassianidou, George Papasavvas
This paper discusses the results of an analytical study of the metallurgical ceramic assemblage recovered from the Late Bronze Age (LBA) urban settlement of Enkomi, Cyprus. The ceramic fabric and the slagged surfaces of a total of 106 tuyère and crucible samples from the workshops of Enkomi, Area III, have been analysed using a handheld pXRF spectrometer. The aim of this preliminary study is to investigate
-
Footbinding and non-footbinding Han Chinese females in the Qing Dynasty (1644–1912 CE) Xifengbu cemetery: a skeletal and mortuary analysis Archaeol. Anthropol. Sci. (IF 2.063) Pub Date : 2021-01-08 Xiaofan Sun, Xingyu Man, Xuezhu Liao, Jiyun Yang, Jun Cao, Hong Zhu, Quanchao Zhang, Qian Wang
Footbinding was an infamous custom of the Han Chinese people used to modify the size and shape of feet in women. Binding started at a very young age and gradually deformed the natural growth of the feet, which was not only a painful process but also a lifetime source of inconvenience and morbidity. In this study, we report a large number of skeletons with signs of footbinding bones excavated from the
-
A dietary assessment of colonial Cape Town’s enslaved population Archaeol. Anthropol. Sci. (IF 2.063) Pub Date : 2021-01-07 Linda Mbeki, Lisette M. Kootker, Jason E. Laffoon, Gareth R. Davies, Henk Kars
There is a growing body of bioarchaeological research on eighteenth and nineteenth century colonial Cape Town, a significant node in the transportation networks of both the Indian and Atlantic oceanic slave trades, attempting to shed light on the lives of enslaved persons. Here, a preliminary archaeological isotopic dietary baseline for the colonial Cape is presented. It is apparent from the data that
-
Explanations of variability in Middle Stone Age stone tool assemblage composition and raw material use in Eastern Africa Archaeol. Anthropol. Sci. (IF 2.063) Pub Date : 2021-01-06 J. Blinkhorn, M. Grove
The Middle Stone Age (MSA) corresponds to a critical phase in human evolution, overlapping with the earliest emergence of Homo sapiens as well as the expansions of these populations across and beyond Africa. Within the context of growing recognition for a complex and structured population history across the continent, Eastern Africa remains a critical region to explore patterns of behavioural variability
-
The pre-Columbian site of Roseau (Guadeloupe, F. W. I.): intra-site chronological variability of the subsistence strategies in a Late Ceramic archeological vertebrate assemblage Archaeol. Anthropol. Sci. (IF 2.063) Pub Date : 2021-01-06 Corentin Bochaton, Brice Ephrem, Benoit Bérard, David Cochard, Monica Gala, Kristine Korzow Richter, Alice Le Lay, Sylvain Renou, Arnaud Lenoble
Evidence for chronological change in intra-site subsistence strategies is very rare in the Amerindian record of the Lesser Antilles. The study of the vertebrate assemblage from the archeological site of Roseau in the Guadeloupe Islands underlines the complexity and variability of Ceramic Age Amerindian subsistence behavior. This study establishes a more precise chronology of the previously identified
-
Characterisation of charred organic matter in micromorphological thin sections by means of Raman spectroscopy Archaeol. Anthropol. Sci. (IF 2.063) Pub Date : 2021-01-06 Glenn Lambrecht, Caterina Rodríguez de Vera, Margarita Jambrina-Enríquez, Isabelle Crevecoeur, Jesus Gonzalez-Urquijo, Talía Lazuen, Gilliane Monnier, Goran Pajović, Gilbert Tostevin, Carolina Mallol
Burned or charred organic matter in anthropogenic combustion features may provide important clues about past human activities related to fire. To interpret archaeological hearths, a correct identification of the organic source material is key. In the present work, Raman spectroscopy is applied to characterise the structural properties of char produced in laboratory heating- and open-fire experiments
-
Cutting down on the grog: the crystallisation of Neolithic ceramic traditions at Cova d’En Pardo (Alicante, Spain) and cultural change in the western Mediterranean basin (mid-6th and 5th millennia cal. BC) Archaeol. Anthropol. Sci. (IF 2.063) Pub Date : 2021-01-06 Miguel del Pino Curbelo, Peter M. Day, Jorge A. Soler Díaz, Gabriel García Atiénzar, Consuelo Roca de Togores Muñoz
This paper presents the characterisation of 48 ceramic samples from Cova d’En Pardo (Alicante, Spain). Provenance and technology analysis are carried out on materials dated back to different Early and Middle Neolithic cultural phases, including pioneer and Epicardial levels, poorly known in the area. The techniques employed are optical petrography and scanning electron microscope. Two main fabrics
-
From forest to settlement: Magdalenian hunter-gatherer interactions with the wood vegetation environment based on anthracology and intra-site spatial distribution Archaeol. Anthropol. Sci. (IF 2.063) Pub Date : 2021-01-06 Bàrbara Mas, Ethel Allué, E. Susana Alonso, Manuel Vaquero
This study aims to provide anthracological data on forest transformations on the north-eastern Iberian Peninsula during the transition from the last glacial GS-2a to the last isotopic event of interstadial GI-1. We present a complete anthracological sequence from Molí del Salt (Vimbodí i Poblet, Tarragona, NE Iberian Peninsula), a site assigned to the Late Upper Palaeolithic. Our results suggest a
-
Reconstructing animal management practices at Greek Early Iron Age Zagora (Andros) using stable isotopes Archaeol. Anthropol. Sci. (IF 2.063) Pub Date : 2021-01-04 Rudolph Alagich, Katerina Trantalidou, Margaret C. Miller, Colin Smith
The Early Iron Age was an important period of Greek history during which the Greek city states emerged and the two earliest works of western literature, Homer’s Iliad and Odyssey, were likely composed. This paper introduces the results of faunal isotope analyses (carbon and nitrogen) from the settlement of Zagora on Andros (900–700 BC), the first such study to focus on agriculture from the Greek Early
-
Residential mobility in Great Moravia: strontium isotope analysis of a population sample from the early medieval site of Mikulčice-Valy (ninth–tenth centuries) Archaeol. Anthropol. Sci. (IF 2.063) Pub Date : 2021-01-04 Zdeněk Vytlačil, Sylva Drtikolová Kaupová, Michaela Jílková, Lumír Poláček, Lukáš Ackerman, Petr Velemínský
Great Moravia was one of the first proto-states in East Central Europe. During the ninth century, Moravian settlements underwent rapid growth, development, and population increases. This study presents a first insight into early medieval population mobility in the area by investigating one of its major agglomerations and religious centres, the Mikulčice-Valy stronghold. According to strontium isotope
-
Proteomics analysis of the soil textile imprints from tomb M6043 of the Dahekou Cemetery site in Yicheng County, Shanxi Province, China Archaeol. Anthropol. Sci. (IF 2.063) Pub Date : 2021-01-03 Li Li, Lei Zhu, Yaoting Xie
Proteomics has made important contributions to identify protein residues from ancient burials, especially for those archeological remains that have severely degraded. These analysis methods make it possible to identify the raw materials of textile imprints found in archeological sites and allow the imprints to be a new archeological material that can compensate for the lack of evidence of early silk
-
Specialized aquatic resource exploitation at the Late Natufian site of Nahal Ein Gev II, Israel Archaeol. Anthropol. Sci. (IF 2.063) Pub Date : 2021-01-02 Natalie D. Munro, Ashley N. Petrillo, Leore Grosman
This paper investigates aquatic resource exploitation at the Late Natufian site (ca. 12,000 cal. BP) of Nahal Ein Gev II located 2 km east of the Sea of Galilee. Aquatic game, here fish and waterfowl, were an important component of the diverse small game resources that became important in the Late Epipaleolithic in Southwest Asia. We characterize local adaptations to the aquatic habitat and their economic
-
Addressing the issue of the Early Neolithic pottery exchange through a combined petrographic and geochemical approach: a case study on LBK ware from Dzielnica (Upper Silesia, southern Poland) Archaeol. Anthropol. Sci. (IF 2.063) Pub Date : 2021-01-02 Michał P. Borowski, Mark Golitko, Mirosław Furmanek, Marek Nowak, Norbert Szczepara
The article presents the results of petrographic and geochemical analyses on Linear Band Pottery culture (LBK) ceramic materials from the Dzielnica site (Upper Silesia, southern Poland). The study area, situated in the northern foreland of the Moravian Gate, can be considered a melting pot for various cultural influences. This peculiar location resulted in multidirectional entanglements of the Early
-
Magdalenian and Epimagdalenian chronology and palaeoenvironments at Kůlna Cave, Moravia, Czech Republic Archaeol. Anthropol. Sci. (IF 2.063) Pub Date : 2020-12-17 Hazel Reade, Sonja B. Grimm, Jennifer A. Tripp, Petr Neruda, Zdeňka Nerudová, Martina Roblíčková, Kerry L. Sayle, Rebecca Kearney, Samantha Brown, Katerina Douka, Thomas F. G. Higham, Rhiannon E. Stevens
Kůlna Cave is the only site in Moravia, Czech Republic, from which large assemblages of both Magdalenian and Epimagdalenian archaeological materials have been excavated from relatively secure stratified deposits. The site therefore offers the unrivalled opportunity to explore the relationship between these two archaeological phases. In this study, we undertake radiocarbon, stable isotope (carbon, nitrogen
-
Let’s groove: attachment techniques of Eurasian elk ( Alces alces ) tooth pendants at the Late Mesolithic cemetery Yuzhniy Oleniy Ostrov (Lake Onega, Russia) Archaeol. Anthropol. Sci. (IF 2.063) Pub Date : 2020-12-15 Kristiina Mannermaa, Riitta Rainio, Evgeny Yu. Girya, Dmitry V. Gerasimov
More than 4300 Eurasian elk (Alces alces) incisors, most of them pendants, were found in 84 burials in the Late Mesolithic cemetery of Yuzhniy Oleniy Ostrov, Northwest Russia. We analysed the manufacture techniques of elk teeth (4014), in the collection of the Peter the Great Museum of Anthropology and Ethnography, St Petersburg. A striking observation is that the manufacture of these pendants is similar
-
New insights into the composition of historical remedies and pharmaceutical formulations: the identification of natural resins and balsams by gas chromatographic-mass spectrometric investigations Archaeol. Anthropol. Sci. (IF 2.063) Pub Date : 2020-12-12 Francesca Caterina Izzo, Giulia Carolina Lodi, Maria Luisa Vázquez de Ágredos Pascual
-
Source of strontium in archaeological mobility studies—marine diet contribution to the isotopic composition Archaeol. Anthropol. Sci. (IF 2.063) Pub Date : 2020-12-05 Maria Lahtinen, Laura Arppe, Geoff Nowell
The strontium isotope composition of human tissues is widely used in archaeological mobility studies. However, little attention is paid to the relative contributions of terrestrial versus marine sources of strontium in these studies. There is some debate over the role of a solid diet versus drinking water as the most important source of strontium for the human body, with related possibilities of misinterpretation
-
Provenance and production technology of late medieval ‘Besztercebánya/Banská Bystrica–type’ high-quality stove tiles Archaeol. Anthropol. Sci. (IF 2.063) Pub Date : 2020-11-28 Dorottya Györkös, Bernadett Bajnóczi, György Szakmány, Máté Szabó, Ralf Milke, László Előd Aradi, Mária Tóth
A unique collection of high-quality late medieval (fifteenth–sixteenth century) glazed and unglazed stove tiles from the northern part of the Carpathian Basin is of great interest to archaeologists and art historians. It is yet to be determined if these products, which are characterised by similar features, were produced in a single workshop, perhaps in Besztercebánya/Banská Bystrica (in present-day
-
Livestock as an indicator of socioeconomic changes in Medieval Prague (Czech Republic) Archaeol. Anthropol. Sci. (IF 2.063) Pub Date : 2020-11-26 Lenka Kovačiková, Olga Trojánková, Petr Starec, Petr Meduna, Petr Limburský
The continuity of occupation at the settlement of Prague, Czech Republic, from the ninth to fourteenth centuries makes it a good case study for investigating the evolution of animal husbandry practices during the Early and High Middle Ages. Previous archaeozoological work shows that people’s dietary behaviour in Prague underwent a transformation at the beginning of the High Middle Ages (thirteenth
-
Piecing together a new mosaic: Gravettian lithic resources and economic territories in the Western Pyrenees Archaeol. Anthropol. Sci. (IF 2.063) Pub Date : 2020-11-26 Aitor Calvo, Alvaro Arrizabalaga
To palliate the current scarcity of information about lithic raw materials in the Western Pyrenees during the Gravettian, the study of ten assemblages has explored the flint procurement patterns and economic organisation of the territory. The study was based on the macro- and microscopic analysis of the different lithic remains. A wide range of flint varieties were used, including some excellent rocks
-
Turonian flint economy in the easternmost Magdalenian: new data from Stare Baraki, site 1 (eastern Poland) Archaeol. Anthropol. Sci. (IF 2.063) Pub Date : 2020-11-23 Tadeusz Wiśniewski, Maciej T. Krajcarz, Karol Standzikowski
Magdalenian communities exploited mostly local and regional good-quality lithic raw materials. In south-eastern Poland, being the easternmost fringe of the Magdalenian range, Turonian grey flint had a particular importance. Outcrops of this raw material occur both at the west and at the east sides the Vistula River Gorge. The varieties from the eastern area (called here “eastern Turonian flint” or
-
Technological adaptations of early humans at the Lower Pleistocene Nihewan Basin, North China: the case of the bipolar technique Archaeol. Anthropol. Sci. (IF 2.063) Pub Date : 2020-11-19 Dongdong Ma, Shuwen Pei, Ignacio de la Torre, Zhe Xu, Hao Li
The Nihewan Basin in North China has proved to be a key area for the study of human evolution outside of Africa due to its continuous record of hominin occupation since the Early Pleistocene. Lower Paleolithic lithic assemblages at Nihewan are attributed to the East Asian Mode 1 techno-complex, which is often defined by the widespread use of freehand knapping techniques. However, our ongoing investigation
-
Fishing history of the East Baltic during the Holocene according to underwater multiperiod riverine site Kaltanėnai, northeastern Lithuania Archaeol. Anthropol. Sci. (IF 2.063) Pub Date : 2020-11-19 Gytis Piličiauskas, Aldas Matiukas, Kęstutis Peseckas, Jonas Mažeika, Grzegorz Osipowicz, Giedrė Piličiauskienė, Eve Rannamäe, Elena Pranckėnaitė, Rokas Vengalis, Mindaugas Pilkauskas
In 2015, professional diver and amateur archaeologist A. Matiukas discovered an extraordinarily rich and well-preserved underwater multiperiod archaeological site, Kaltanėnai, at the point where the Žeimenys Lake feeds into the Žeimena River in East Lithuania. Over the duration of 3 years of multiple diving expeditions, he collected ca. 800 archaeological finds made of wood, bone, antler, flint, stone
-
Visible near-infrared spectroscopy as an aid for archaeological interpretation Archaeol. Anthropol. Sci. (IF 2.063) Pub Date : 2020-11-19 Pernille L. K. Trant, Søren M. Kristiansen, Søren M. Sindbæk
We present a pilot study using visible near-infrared spectroscopy (vis-NIRS) to investigate ancient geochemical activity signals from an excavation of the Viking-Age Ribe Emporia, Denmark. Our aim is to study whether vis-NIRS is applicable to archaeological soil analysis and if it can provide additional insight into the use of space inside houses. Using 1059 bulk soil samples sampled in a 0.25 cm grid
-
Using some traditional and nanomaterials in the cleaning of ancient Egyptian pottery artifacts ( jar and shallow plate ) from Athribis Archaeol. Anthropol. Sci. (IF 2.063) Pub Date : 2020-11-16 Mohamed El-Gohary, Mohammed Saad
The study applies mechanical, wet, and chemical cleaning to remove any undesired materials from artistic/historical pottery surfaces. It aims to evaluate the effects and efficiency of three types of cleansers: One in the nano form and two in the traditional form. These three cleansers are Triton-based microemulsion, Na2EDTA, and EDTA. They were applied as poultices to clean some ancient Egyptian pottery
-
From owl prey to human food: taphonomy of archaeological small mammal remains from the late Holocene wetlands of arid environments in Central Western Argentina Archaeol. Anthropol. Sci. (IF 2.063) Pub Date : 2020-11-12 José Manuel López, Horacio Chiavazza
The present study analyses small mammal bone and tooth accumulations recovered in three open-air archaeological sites from northern Mendoza (Argentina) in the central Monte Desert, one of the most arid rangelands of South America. The sites, with radiocarbon dates between ca. 2100 and 400 years BP, are located on the margins of a now-extinct swamp that formed a more widespread wetland environment in
-
Provenance of the materials used to make some Late Hittite Monuments at the Karatepe-Aslantaş and Domuztepe sites, Cilicia (southern Turkey) Archaeol. Anthropol. Sci. (IF 2.063) Pub Date : 2020-11-12 Gilbert Kelling, Selahattin Kadir, Selim Kapur, Erhan Akça, Zehra Yeğingil, Muhsin Eren
The provenance of the basaltic raw material source(s) used by Hittite sculptors to create the monuments at Karatepe-Aslantaş, Turkey, has been investigated by means of polarising and scanning electron microscopy and image analysis to determine their mineralogy, textural properties and geochemical composition. Information concerning the weathering history of these chemically co-genetic basaltic lavas
-
Combined visual and biochemical analyses confirm depositor and diet for Neolithic coprolites from Skara Brae Archaeol. Anthropol. Sci. (IF 2.063) Pub Date : 2020-11-10 Andrzej A. Romaniuk, Elsa Panciroli, Michael Buckley, Manasij Pal Chowdhury, Carla Willars, Jeremy S. Herman, Lore G. Troalen, Alexandra N. Shepherd, David V. Clarke, Alison Sheridan, Bart E. van Dongen, Ian B. Butler, Robin Bendrey
Coprolites (fossilized faeces) can provide valuable insights into species’ diet and related habits. In archaeozoological contexts, they are a potential source of information on human-animal interactions as well as human and animal subsistence. However, despite a broad discussion on coprolites in archaeology, such finds are rarely subject to detailed examination by researchers, perhaps due to the destructive
-
Sea, sickness and cautionary tales: a multi-isotope study from a post-mediaeval hospital at the city-port of Gibraltar (AD 1462–1704) Archaeol. Anthropol. Sci. (IF 2.063) Pub Date : 2020-11-09 Emma Lightfoot, Emma Pomeroy, Jennifer Grant, Tamsin C. O’Connell, Petrus le Roux, Sonia Zakrzewski, Sarah Inskip, Sam Benady, Clive Finlayson, Geraldine Finlayson, Kevin Lane
During the sixteenth to eighteenth centuries, Spanish ships sailed around the globe connecting Spain to its colonies. While documentary records offer rich details concerning life on board ship, archaeological information is essential to generating a full picture of the past. The cemetery at Old St Bernard’s Hospital, Gibraltar, provides an opportunity to study the skeletal remains of sailors. Following
-
Between the hammerstone and the anvil: bipolar knapping and other percussive activities in the late Mousterian and the Uluzzian of Grotta di Castelcivita (Italy) Archaeol. Anthropol. Sci. (IF 2.063) Pub Date : 2020-11-02 Simona Arrighi, Giulia Marciani, Matteo Rossini, Marcos César Pereira Santos, Andrea Fiorini, Ivan Martini, Daniele Aureli, Federica Badino, Eugenio Bortolini, Carla Figus, Federico Lugli, Gregorio Oxilia, Matteo Romandini, Sara Silvestrini, Annamaria Ronchitelli, Adriana Moroni, Stefano Benazzi
Hammerstones and anvils are among the oldest tools used by hominins to perform a variety of tasks including knapping activities. The bipolar technique on anvil is well documented in Prehistory since the Lower Palaeolithic and is usually considered to be an expedient technique in comparison to other knapping systems. This technique plays a pivotal role in the Uluzzian techno-complex lithic production
-
Could the grasses have played a role in the earliest salt exploitation? Phytoliths analysis of prehistoric salt spring from Hălăbutoaia - Ţolici (Romania) Archaeol. Anthropol. Sci. (IF 2.063) Pub Date : 2020-10-31 Mihaela Danu, Claire Delhon, Olivier Weller
The salt spring exploitation from Hălăbutoaia - Ţolici (Neamț County, Romania) dates back to the Early Neolithic and lasted throughout Chalcolithic. The deposit stratigraphy is estimated at 8 m and covers 2500 years of history (c. 6000–3500 BCE). In order to document the possible use of plants, particularly of the grasses, in the salt production process, we realized a detailed study of phytoliths preserved
-
Provenance and technology of fourth–second century BC glass from three sites in ancient Thesprotia, Greece Archaeol. Anthropol. Sci. (IF 2.063) Pub Date : 2020-10-31 A. Oikonomou, J. Henderson, S. Chenery
Thesprotia, one of the most remote regions in Greece, was inhabited from as early as the Palaeolithic period. The particular geomorphological terrain, with the mountainous and fragmented landscape, has been determinant in the formation of economic and social institutions throughout antiquity. Thesprotia was gradually developed into an important node of communication and transport of goods to the West
-
Palaeoenvironmental and seasonal context of the Late Middle and Early Upper Palaeolithic occupations in Crimea: an approach using dental wear patterns in ungulates Archaeol. Anthropol. Sci. (IF 2.063) Pub Date : 2020-10-27 Iván Ramírez-Pedraza, Florent Rivals, Thorsten Uthmeier, Victor Chabai
The Crimean Peninsula has a rich archaeological record characterised by numerous multi-layered sites from the Middle Palaeolithic and by a number of important sites representing the transition from the Middle to the Upper Palaeolithic. Absolute dates place the region as one of the last Neanderthal refuges in Europe. Combining dental meso- and microwear analyses of worn molars found at faunal assemblages
-
The transition of alkaline flux of ancient Chinese faience beads (1046–476 BC): a case study on the samples from Pingdingshan, Henan province Archaeol. Anthropol. Sci. (IF 2.063) Pub Date : 2020-10-24 Junqing Dong, Yongqing Hu, Song Liu, Qinghui Li
Eleven faience objects unearthed from cemeteries (1046–476 BC) of the Zhou Dynasty in Pingdingshan, Henan province, China, were characterized by scanning electron microscopy–energy dispersive X-ray spectrometry. The analysis results provided information on the chemical composition and microstructure of the faience objects, and conclusions were drawn regarding the forming and glazing methods, as well
-
Plant cultivation under climatic fluctuations during the sixth and fifth millennia BC at Tell Tawila (northern Syria) Archaeol. Anthropol. Sci. (IF 2.063) Pub Date : 2020-10-23 Johan Jarl, Simone Riehl, Katleen Deckers, Jörg Adam Becker
This paper presents the macrobotanical record, supported by stable isotope data, from the Halaf (5850–5500 BC) and Late Chalcolithic (c. 4000 BC) occupation of the village Tell Tawila, northern Syria. Drawing on this new data and prior studies of the site, we show that subsistence at Tell Tawila combined agriculture, pastoralism, and foraging, adding it to a growing list of Halaf sites which do not
-
Child murder in the Early Bronze Age: proteomic sex identification of a cold case from Schleinbach, Austria Archaeol. Anthropol. Sci. (IF 2.063) Pub Date : 2020-10-23 Katharina Rebay-Salisbury, Lukas Janker, Doris Pany-Kucera, Dina Schuster, Michaela Spannagl-Steiner, Lukas Waltenberger, Roderick B. Salisbury, Fabian Kanz
The identification of sex-specific peptides in human tooth enamel by nanoflow liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (nanoLC-MS/MS) represents a quantum leap for the study of childhood and social relations more generally. Determining sex-related differences in prehistoric child rearing and mortality has been hampered by the insufficient accuracy in determining the biological sex of juveniles
-
Correction to: On metal and ‘spoiled’ wine : analysing psimythion (synthetic cerussite) pellets (5th–third centuries BCE) and hypothesising gas-metal reactions over a fermenting liquid within a Greek pot Archaeol. Anthropol. Sci. (IF 2.063) Pub Date : 2020-10-22 E. Photos-Jones, P. Bots, E. Oikonomou, A. Hamilton, C. W. Knapp
The original version of this article, unfortunately, contained errors. Author’s correction in Table 1 changing “Pb (elemental) with Cinnabar” was misinterpreted as “PbO”only, when it should have been ‘‘`Pb` with cinnabar”.
-
Missing prehistoric women? Sex ratio as an indicator for analyzing the population of Iberia from the 8th to the 3rd millennia B.C. Archaeol. Anthropol. Sci. (IF 2.063) Pub Date : 2020-10-22 Marta Cintas-Peña, Ana Mercedes Herrero-Corral
In the last few decades, archaeology has undergone a profound transformation. The inclusion of techniques from a wide range of other sciences, as well as the specific contribution of physical anthropology, genetics, and paleodemography using the analyses of human remains, has enabled the reconstruction of some key aspects of past populations such as mobility, diet, physical activities, and health status
-
Mass procurement and prey rankings: insights from the European rabbit Archaeol. Anthropol. Sci. (IF 2.063) Pub Date : 2020-10-21 Eugène Morin, Rebecca Bliege Bird, Douglas Bird
In the archeological record, the presence of smaller-bodied species is often assumed to indicate a decline in higher-ranked, larger-bodied prey and broadening of the diet to include lower-ranked items with higher handling costs. This shift is typically considered to be a product of a “broad spectrum revolution” that gave rise in many regions to increased sedentism, subsistence intensification, and
-
Correction to: Understanding preservation and identification biases of ancient adhesives through experimentation Archaeol. Anthropol. Sci. (IF 2.063) Pub Date : 2020-10-20 Paul R. B. Kozowyk, Annelou L. van Gijn, Geeske H. J. Langejans
The original version of this article, unfortunately, contained errors. Author found out that there is an error in the funding declarations of the article.
-
Prehistoric exploitation of minerals resources. Experimentation and use-wear analysis of grooved stone tools from Grotta della Monaca (Calabria, Italy) Archaeol. Anthropol. Sci. (IF 2.063) Pub Date : 2020-10-19 Isabella Caricola, Francesco Breglia, Felice Larocca, Caroline Hamon, Cristina Lemorini, François Giligny
The Calabria region of Southern Italy is rich in mineralisation. Unfortunately, no consistent data are available about mineral exploitation in the later prehistoric periods. The Grotta della Monaca mine in Calabria is a prehistoric site that is characterised by the mineralisation of iron ores (such as goethite) and copper carbonates (malachite and azurite). For this reason, the site provides an exceptional
-
Ceramic technology. How to reconstruct the firing process Archaeol. Anthropol. Sci. (IF 2.063) Pub Date : 2020-10-19 Elisabetta Gliozzo
Focused on uncoated ceramics, this tutorial paper is divided into two main sections. The first section deals with the operational phases required prior to firing (drying, piling, fuel supply). Then, the second chapter deals with the transformations that occur in the clayey paste during firing. An overall understanding of the firing process includes several issues to be considered and properly investigated
-
Development of a Middle Bronze Age (1900–1500 cal BC) house at the site of Százhalombatta-Földvár, Hungary: detecting choice of materials by the means of archaeological thin section soil micromorphology and phytolith analysis Archaeol. Anthropol. Sci. (IF 2.063) Pub Date : 2020-10-14 Gabriella Kovács, Ákos Pető, Magdolna Vicze
Százhalombatta-Földvár Bronze Age tell settlement is one of the most extensively studied sites of Hungary. Interdisciplinary approach is one of the key factors in understanding the past here. Therefore, a range of natural scientific methods are applied, including thin section soil micromorphology and phytolith analysis. The high resolution of these techniques is used to add details that are impossible
-
Bone diagenesis in the loess deposits of Central Europe: the Celtic site of Radovesice in Bohemia Archaeol. Anthropol. Sci. (IF 2.063) Pub Date : 2020-10-14 Dita Machová, Petra Mácová, Gregor Mali, Petr Velemínský, Alberto Viani
The diagenetic modifications of archaeological bones from the Celtic site of Radovesice (Czech Republic) were described combining histological and instrumental analysis with infrared (FT-IR) and nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectroscopy. The post-mortem changes in microstructure, mineral and organic fraction of human bones were related to seasonal fluctuations in water saturation and temperature
-
Stable isotopic insights into crop cultivation, animal husbandry, and land use at the Linearbandkeramik site of Vráble-Veľké Lehemby (Slovakia) Archaeol. Anthropol. Sci. (IF 2.063) Pub Date : 2020-10-13 Rosalind E. Gillis, Rebekka Eckelmann, Dragana Filipović, Nils Müller-Scheeßel, Ivan Cheben, Martin Furholt, Cheryl A. Makarewicz
The plant and animal components of Linearbandkeramik (LBK) subsistence systems were remarkably uniform with cattle, emmer and einkorn wheat providing the primary source of sustenance for Europe’s earliest agricultural communities. This apparent homogeneity in plant and animal use has been implicitly understood to indicate corresponding similarity in the types of husbandry practices employed by LBK
-
Human burials can affect soil elemental composition for millennia—analysis of necrosols from the Corded Ware Culture graveyard in the Czech Republic Archaeol. Anthropol. Sci. (IF 2.063) Pub Date : 2020-10-12 Michael O. Asare, Ladislav Šmejda, Jan Horák, Petr Holodňák, Miroslav Černý, Vilém Pavlů, Michal Hejcman
How long decomposed buried human bodies affect soil elemental composition is so far not well-known. Using portable X-ray fluorescence spectrometry, we determined the elemental composition of sandy necrosols from a Corded Ware Culture (ca 2800–2500 BCE) graveyard, Chudeřín, Czech Republic. The elemental compositions of soils in the grave infills were studied and compared with arable and subsoil layers
-
Hand grasping and finger flexion during Lower Paleolithic stone tool ergonomic exploration Archaeol. Anthropol. Sci. (IF 2.063) Pub Date : 2020-10-10 Annapaola Fedato, María Silva-Gago, Marcos Terradillos-Bernal, Rodrigo Alonso-Alcalde, Emiliano Bruner
Lower Paleolithic stone tool features and shape have been studied in detail; traceology and experimental archaeology have provided us with a lot of information about possible tool use and functionality. The way modern humans use these tools has been used as a proxy for the study of early stone tool-makers’ behavior, taking into account that our ancestors could have had similar manipulative capabilities
-
Cultural continuities and discontinuities at the Neolithic transition in Eastern Iberia: an analysis of the morphometry of geometric microliths Archaeol. Anthropol. Sci. (IF 2.063) Pub Date : 2020-10-09 Alfredo Cortell-Nicolau, Oreto García-Puchol, Stephen Shennan
The main goal of this paper is to explore possible cultural continuities and discontinuities at the Neolithic transition in Eastern Iberia. To address this issue, we introduce a twofold methodology, consisting of Geometric Morphometrics and the use of the self-developed Geomeasure system, to examine evolutionary patterns in geometric microliths. These are a specific type of arrowhead shared by both
-
The Panadella chert (Montmaneu Formation): a high-quality raw material in the Abric Romaní sequence (NE Iberian Peninsula) Archaeol. Anthropol. Sci. (IF 2.063) Pub Date : 2020-10-07 Bruno Gómez de Soler, María Soto, Josep Vallverdú, Amèlia Bargalló, M. Gema Chacón, Francesca Romagnoli, Manuel Vaquero
The Montmaneu Formation is located at the NE margin of the Ebro Basin (Catalonia, Spain), and is dated to the Rupelian (Lower Oligocene). It is formed by 120 m of light grey stratified limestones with bedded-nodular chert, the Panadella chert, associated with the La Segarra lacustrine system. This chert is macroscopically characterized by very fine-grained, homogeneous, opaque greenish black colors
-
A method for the taphonomic assessment of bone tools using 3D surface texture analysis of bone microtopography Archaeol. Anthropol. Sci. (IF 2.063) Pub Date : 2020-10-02 Naomi L. Martisius, Shannon P. McPherron, Ellen Schulz-Kornas, Marie Soressi, Teresa E. Steele
Increasingly researchers have employed confocal microscopy and 3D surface texture analysis to assess bone surface modifications in an effort to understand ancient behavior. However, quantitative comparisons between the surfaces of purported archaeological bone tools and experimentally manufactured and used bones are complicated by taphonomic processes affecting ancient bone. Nonetheless, it may be