Microbial mats in siliciclastic coastal environments are considered as non-lithifying systems that lack the potential for calcification. This work documents precipitation and preservation of well-defined, laterally continuous carbonate laminae in low-relief microbial mats from a siliciclastic supratidal flat in northern Patagonia (Paso Seco, Argentina). Petrographic, epifluorescence, and SEM-EDS studies

Changes in drainage basin reorganization as preserved in the stratigraphic record have direct implications for the composition, organization, and scaling relationships of sedimentary systems. However, isolating the stratigraphic signature of drainage basin reorganization in response to tectonic and/or climatic drivers can be challenging. In the Neogene foreland basin of the southern Central Andes between

Dryland alluvial successions across interior South Africa are a focus of pedosedimentary research because they provide insights into past hydrogeomorphic changes and improve our understanding of allogenic and autogenic controls on fluvial systems. This paper focuses on an alluvial succession preserved within the Wilgerbosch River, on the Great Escarpment, South Africa. The pedosedimentary architecture

The Eocene-Oligocene transition represents the latest greenhouse-icehouse shift faced by Earth, a major global climate change associated with carbon cycle perturbation. In this paper, we investigate the Massignano stratigraphic section (northern Apennine, Italy), GSSP of the Eocene-Oligocene boundary, by X-ray diffraction analysis of clay minerals and carbon and oxygen stable isotopes to explore the

The mechanisms leading to environmental and climate change prior to and anticipating the well-studied Toarcian oceanic anoxic event are not completely understood. Specifically, the role of the continuing break-up of Pangea, associated palaeogeographic rearrangements, and the influence of volcanic activity are less well known. Therefore, we studied the Pliensbachian interval in the open marine, hemipelagic

We present a detailed stratigraphy of the Coranzulí caldera-forming deposits. This caldera, located in the Altiplano-Puna Volcanic Complex (Central Andes), generated four ignimbrite deposits with similar field characteristics and facies that differ from each other in, above all, the nature of the lithic fragments they contain. Three different lithofacies (fine-grained cross-stratified facies, massive

Shallow buried unconsolidated sands generally provide very little information about diagenesis as most detrital minerals remain unchanged. However, in rare cases carbonate cemented nodules or sandstone layers may occur inside unconsolidated series. These cements could help to reconstruct the chronology of events from early to late phase stages of diagenesis. The Late Cretaceous sequence of the Zoovch

The characteristics of tropical cyclone (TC) deposits are highly variable, and in the shallow waters of straits their character has not been established. Multiple coarse-grained beds in lower Pliocene strata in the Western Foreland Basin of Taiwan are interpreted as TC deposits, and the sedimentology of these beds reflects evolving TC processes and storm stages. By comparing sedimentological data from

A number of unidirectionally migrating channels have been interpreted as the result of the interaction between turbidity flows and bottom currents. Based on the analysis of the morphology and internal architecture of channels, different conceptual models of unidirectionally migrating channels were built to reveal the flow process of the interaction between turbidity flows and bottom currents. Most

The spatial and temporal pattern of sedimentation in a rift basin is a result of complex interplay between tectonically induced vertical crustal movements and climatic conditions. Though the conceptual and numerical models for tectono-sedimentary evolution of half grabens are available, the stratigraphic arrangements of lithofacies produced by the environments on the hangingwall block are poorly documented

The lack of modern analogues for the thick primary selenite gypsum deposits formed in the Mediterranean area limits the understanding of the Messinian (Miocene) evaporitic systems and particularly of their lateral relationships, their evolution through time and their related ecosystems. Some complex stratigraphic relationships of these extreme environments are revealed in the Messinian Caños Formation

We present a sedimentological analysis of the Wielkopolska Member, the upper unit of the Poznań Formation which formed in a fluvial environment within a tectonic graben during the middle Miocene to early Pliocene in Poland. Large excavations in a lignite opencast mine have enabled our study of palaeochannel infills, in which sandy to silty-clayey ribbons are scattered within overbank clays. Channel

This study aims to hydrochemically characterise three CO2-bearing springs representing distinct hydrofacies in NW Gorveh (western Iran) and interpret them in the light of their geological setting. The results of laboratory measurements of elemental concentrations, stable oxygen, carbon and hydrogen isotopes, dissolved and particulate organic and inorganic carbon (DIC, DOC, POC, PIC) and alkalinity

Clastic sedimentary successions are subject to variable amounts of compaction, which causes a decrease in both the thickness and porosity of sand-rich depositional units. Methods for estimating the degree of sediment compaction are needed for characterizing changes in the geometry and petrophysical properties of depositional elements in relation to their burial history. Conventional methods for estimating

The Paleocene-lower Eocene succession is well exposed in Sierra Espuña-Mula Basin (Betic Cordillera, S Spain) and carbonate platforms are well represented as part of this succession. The study of the paleoenvironmental evolution of these platforms has allowed to cover an important gap in the knowledge in the westernmost Tethys. Thirteen microfacies (Mf1 to MF13) were recognized based mainly on the

Modern sedimentary facies in the shallow platform interior of the almost-atoll of Aitutaki, Cook Islands, is significant, because abundant non-skeletal grains have been discovered in this Pacific location and also in some adjacent carbonate platforms. Abundant non-skeletal carbonate grain occurrences have been classically placed in the western Atlantic and the Arabian/Persian Gulf, but not in the Indo-Pacific

A combined facies and clay mineralogy analysis of the continental succession recorded in the lower part of the Blesa Formation (early Barremian, Oliete subbasin, NE Spain) allowed us to specify the palaeoclimatic and palaeoenvironmental conditions under which this sedimentary record originated. Six outcrops including clays, clays/marls and dm-thick interbedded palustrine-lacustrine limestone levels

Spherical carbonate concretions are present in sedimentary strata of varying geological ages worldwide. Recent studies reveal that calcium carbonate concretions form very rapidly around dead organisms after burial in the seabed. However, the formation mechanism of spherical dolomite concretions in marine sediments, particularly the carbon source and the reason for their spherical shape, are still moderately

Point-bar deposits exhibiting fining-upward grain-size trends are widely documented from both modern rivers and ancient preserved successions. However, in some mud-dominated sedimentary systems this common pattern may not occur; rather, alternative coarsening-upward trends can develop. We investigated point-bar deposits in the mud-dominated river terminus (median value (D50) < 55 μm) of the meandering

This paper investigates the magnetostratigraphy of the ~750 m-thick Costa Grande Member (lower Miocene) from the Castagnola Basin of NW Italy, which represents the turbidite fill of a structurally confined basin where flow ponding resulted in a complete record of deposition from diverse sediment gravity flow types. The magnetostratigraphic profile of the Costa Grande Mb was correlated to the Geomagnetic

The phosphate series of the Moroccan High Atlas accumulated during the Upper Cretaceous-Paleogene phosphogenic period, on a biologically-productive shallow-water platform. These phosphate-rich sediments were deposited during a relative sea-level cycle generating major stratigraphic surfaces. Five different types of phosphatic lithofacies are recognized based on their petrographic and sedimentologic

The collision of intra-oceanic arcs with continental margins is a primary factor controlling the evolution, modification, and growth of continental crust. Syn- to post-collisional basins are formed on both the oceanic and continental sides of an accretionary orogen as a consequence of tectonic activity, which preserve the associated erosional and exhumation record of the colliding element. During the

Late Viséan platform interior carbonate strata of northern England and Wales have traditionally been interpreted to comprise shallowing-up cyclothems, the upper boundaries of which are marked by unconformities that record subaerial exposure events. These strata were deposited during what is understood to be a greenhouse-to-icehouse transition, and the cyclothems are assumed to reflect glacioeustatic

Architectural elements of fluvial multi-storey sandbodies provide principal controls on the distribution of meso-scale (100–101 m scale) heterogeneity and reservoir quality. Consequently, it is valuable to understand the deposition and preservation of sedimentary architecture in such systems in relation to autogenic (stream capture and avulsion) and allogenic controls (subsidence rates, climate and

The epigenetic siliceous rocks (ESR) are common in the southern part of the Kraków-Częstochowa Upland where they are hosted in Upper Jurassic microbial-sponge megafacies as: (i) coatings on the surfaces of fractures and faults, (ii) irregular bodies enclosed within both the Upper Jurassic limestones and the overlying Cenomanian abrasion platform sediments, and (iii) concentric or irregular rims of

Seventeen layers characterized by soft-sediment deformation structures (SSDS) were identified within the “calcari di Fiumicello”, an upper Messinian (Miocene) stratigraphic unit (30 m thick), cropping out in the northern sector of the Gargano Promontory (Apulia, southern Italy). Facies analysis was performed on the whole outcrop and detailed sedimentological investigations were carried out on the deformed

In 1960 CE, Lake Cucao on Chiloé Island in south central Chile was inundated by the tsunami of the Great Chilean Earthquake (Mw 9.5). The area of what is now the lake basin has been submerged since the end of the rapid postglacial sea-level rise and has recorded tsunami inundations in its sediment record since then. This study reconstructs the tsunami history of Lake Cucao. Reflection-seismic profiles

Palaeoenvironmental reconstructive work relies on sediment-texture information as a proxy for particle-transport dynamics. As the integration of data from multiple sources is often sought for studies at the regional scale, a body of work exists that addresses compatibility levels of different analytical approaches. Past insights are derived predominantly from siliciclastic deposits. This study instead

In fold and thrust belts developing at convergent margins, the migration of the advancing wedge is accompanied by bulging of the downgoing plate, followed by the development of a foredeep basin filled by a thick succession of syn-orogenic sediments. The transition from forebulge to foredeep marks a key moment in the evolution of the orogenic system. In deep water environments, the record of this transition

In 1941, a 72-m-deep bore (Healy's Bore 2; HB2) at the Hipaua-Waihi-Tokaanu geothermal field, Taupo Volcanic Zone, New Zealand, tapped alkali chloride water of 145 °C at the bottom of the well. Since then, thermal fluid (<100 °C) has intermittently flowed from the HB2 wellhead, resulting in formation of a 20 m wide by 50 m long sinter terrace. The discharging fluid at the vent was previously recorded

The sedimentary record is affected by periodic and/or random variations in Earth's near-surface conditions, such as the Milankovitch band variations, which are responsible for small-scale cyclicity in distal marine settings. However, the controlling factors of normal field-scale sedimentary cycles operating on Myr-scale that dominate the stratigraphic record remain largely enigmatic. The Lower to Middle

Pragian to Givetian successions in the Canindé group, Parnaíba Basin (Brazil), present phosphorites, ironstone and organic rich sediments that globally coincide with greenhouse conditions and an increase in continental weathering, ocean oxygen levels and black shale deposition events. These facies are associated with the evolution of the northern Gondwana epeiric sea margin of the Rheic Ocean and can

Detrital grain-coating clay minerals have been identified as precursors of diagenetic grain-coating clay minerals that inhibit quartz cementation and preserve good reservoir quality properties in deeply buried sandstone reservoirs. Between initial and final deposition, detrital grain coats are likely to be affected by sediment transport processes. To date, it has not been demonstrated that detrital

The Maastrichtian-Danian transgression was one of the most extensive Atlantic-derived marine incursions in Patagonia. This study examines its stratigraphic record and origin in the Magallanes-Austral Basin, revealing an interplay of sedimentation, tectonism, and base-level changes, which contribute to our understanding of foreland basin dynamics. We present a multidisciplinary approach from a relatively