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Mitigation of residual deformations in eccentrically braced frames through a low-cost re-centering mechanism Earthq. Eng. Sruct. Dyn. (IF 4.5) Pub Date : 2024-03-18 Pedram Mortazavi, Constantin Christopoulos, Oh-Sung Kwon
Previous studies have demonstrated that the response of stable yielding systems to random excitations such as earthquakes is inherently accompanied by residual deformations. Stable yielding systems with highly enhanced ductility capacity are more prone to residual deformations. Steel eccentrically braced frames (EBFs) are designed to sustain significant localized inelastic deformations in the segment
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Surrogate model-aided global sensitivity analysis framework for seismic consequences estimation in buildings Earthq. Eng. Sruct. Dyn. (IF 4.5) Pub Date : 2024-03-18 Jiajun Du, Wei Wang
Seismic consequences estimation for individual buildings is valuable for various stakeholders, including government entities, building owners, and insurers. The robustness of estimation results in the presence of incomplete input information can typically be investigated through sensitivity analysis. However, the estimation process's complexity and the sensitivity analysis's computational burden hinder
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Corrigendum to: A cantilever beam analogy for quantifying higher mode effects in multistorey buildings Earthq. Eng. Sruct. Dyn. (IF 4.5) Pub Date : 2024-03-18 Lydell Wiebe, Constantin Christopoulos
https://doi.org/10.1002/eqe.2549 In Equation (10) of the article, the first hyperbolic sine should be replaced by a trigonometric sine function. The originally published equation was: An,sinh=⌊cosβnH+coshβnH−2(βnH/Rf)sinhβnH⌋/(sinβnH+sinhβnH)$$\begin{equation}{{A}_{n,\sinh }} = \left\lfloor {\cos {{\beta }_n}H + \cosh {{\beta }_n}H - 2\left( {{{\beta }_n}H/{{R}_f}} \right)\sinh {{\beta
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Seismic assessment of the in-plane/out-of-plane interaction of masonry infills in a two-storey RC building subjected to bi-directional shaking table tests Earthq. Eng. Sruct. Dyn. (IF 4.5) Pub Date : 2024-03-18 Eun Rim Baek, Daniel Alexander Pohoryles, Dionysios Bournas
This paper presents a series of shaking table tests conducted on a 60%-scaled two-storey infilled reinforced concrete building. The main parameters include the presence of openings in the masonry infills and the effect of bi-directional dynamic shaking to the latter. The building was subjected to four different levels of shaking intensity, ranging up to the Maximum Considered Earthquake (MCE), equivalent
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A multi-level approach to predict the seismic response of rigid rocking structures using artificial neural networks Earthq. Eng. Sruct. Dyn. (IF 4.5) Pub Date : 2024-03-11 Seyed Amir Banimahd, Anastasios I. Giouvanidis, Shaghayegh Karimzadeh, Paulo B. Lourenço
This paper explores the use of Artificial Neural Networks (ANN) for the rocking problem. The paper adopts rigid rocking blocks of different sizes and slenderness, which undergo rocking motion without sliding and bouncing when subjected to recorded earthquakes. This research focuses on the cases where the blocks overturn or safely return to their initial (rest) position at the end of the ground shaking
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A novel design strategy of track-based asymmetric nonlinear energy sink for seismic response mitigation of structures Earthq. Eng. Sruct. Dyn. (IF 4.5) Pub Date : 2024-03-11 Jingjing Wang, Yuqiang Zheng
Mass dampers, whether linear or nonlinear, rely on resonance with the structure to achieve optimal control performance. However, linear mass dampers require frequency tuning, while nonlinear mass dampers are sensitive to input energy levels, rendering both inadequate for control problems that involve frequency and energy uncertainties. To address this issue, the track asymmetric nonlinear energy sink
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Experimental and analytical studies of infill wall with sliding joints considering a door opening Earthq. Eng. Sruct. Dyn. (IF 4.5) Pub Date : 2024-03-04 Weiyuan Huang, Xiaonan Niu, Chao Zhang, Bin Ling, Siyuan Wu, Xuesong Deng, Zhicheng Liang
Semi-rigid steel frame stands out due to its remarkable deformation capability under seismic loading, while the introduction of partitioned walls would disturb the expected seismic behavior of the infilled steel frames. Furthermore, the presence of door openings might exacerbate these negative effects. To mitigate the detrimental multiple-diagonal strut effect of traditional infill walls around the
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Development and verification of real-time hybrid simulation with deep learning-based nonlinear numerical substructure Earthq. Eng. Sruct. Dyn. (IF 4.5) Pub Date : 2024-03-02 Pei-Ching Chen, Shang-Chi Hsu, Chung-Chun Ma
Real-time hybrid simulation (RTHS) provides an effective approach for assessing structural responses under dynamic excitation. However, performing RTHS with a complex nonlinear numerical substructure is challenging, as computations must be completed within predefined time steps. In this study, a RTHS framework which contains a rate-dependent experimental substructure and a nonlinear numerical substructure
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Damage assessment of unreinforced masonry buildings incorporating damage accumulation Earthq. Eng. Sruct. Dyn. (IF 4.5) Pub Date : 2024-02-29 Pablo García de Quevedo Inarritu, Mohsen Kohrangi, Paolo Bazzurro
Recent earthquakes have shown susceptibility of unreinforced masonry (URM) buildings to damage accumulation in seismic sequences or long duration ground motions. Current structural modelling approaches commonly disregard the damage accumulation in URM buildings or they are unable to accurately capture this phenomenon unless sophisticated FEM models are employed. Such models are not feasible in risk-based
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Adaptive unscented Kalman filter methods for identifying time-variant parameters via state covariance re-updating Earthq. Eng. Sruct. Dyn. (IF 4.5) Pub Date : 2024-02-23 Yanzhe Zhang, Yong Ding, Jianqing Bu, Lina Guo
The conventional parameter identification process generally assumes that parameters remain constant. However, under extreme loading conditions, structures may exhibit nonlinear behavior, and parameters could demonstrate time-variant characteristics. The unscented Kalman filter (UKF), as an efficient online recursive estimator, is widely used for identifying parameters of nonlinear systems. Nevertheless
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Applicability of soil-type index for shear wave velocity-based liquefaction assessment Earthq. Eng. Sruct. Dyn. (IF 4.5) Pub Date : 2024-02-23 Nurhan Ecemis, Mehmet Murat Monkul, Murat Orucu
The current simplified liquefaction assessment method based on the shear-wave velocity, Vs has uncertainties about how the fine contents change the Vs-based liquefaction resistance. According to the simplified method, for a given Vs, the cyclic resistance ratio (CRR) increases with an increase in fine contents. However, field investigations recently revealed that for various silty sands, the correlation
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Simplified state-dependent seismic fragility assessment Earthq. Eng. Sruct. Dyn. (IF 4.5) Pub Date : 2024-02-23 Mabel Orlacchio, Georgios Baltzopoulos, Iunio Iervolino
Earthquakes are clustered in time and space; therefore, structures may be subjected to multiple consecutive instances of potentially damaging shaking, with insufficient in-between time for repair operations to take place. Methodologies to evaluate the risk dynamics in this situation require vulnerability models that are able to capture the transitions between damage states, from the intact conditions
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Large-scale hybrid test of a curved bridge considering complete boundary condition by a large spatial loading system Earthq. Eng. Sruct. Dyn. (IF 4.5) Pub Date : 2024-02-23 Yingpeng Tian, Jie Chen, Chunbo Du, Dan Xu, Huimeng Zhou, Zhiguo Sun, Quanwang Li, Dongsheng Wang, Tao Wang
Small-radius curved bridges are mostly used for overpass ramps, that are spatially irregular and usually have very complex seismic behavior. It is not easy to reproduce such behavior because of the need for large-scale shaking tables. The hybrid test is one of the most effective approaches for solving this problem by considering the structural elements of interest as physically tested substructure
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Experiment and numerical simulation on the performance of multiple unidirectional single-particle dampers under seismic excitation Earthq. Eng. Sruct. Dyn. (IF 4.5) Pub Date : 2024-02-20 Bao-shun Wang, Jian-yang Xue, Jing-hui Wei, Kang Liu, Rui Zhou
This study designed and manufactured a 1/5-scale model of a three-story steel frame structure. Various types of ground motions, including non-long period (NLP) ground motions, near-fault pulse type (NFPT) ground motions, and non-pulse long-period (NPLP) ground motions, were selected following the site conditions of the structure. The multiple unidirectional single-particle damper (MUSPD) and its layout
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Importance of higher modes for dynamic soil structure interaction of monopile-supported offshore wind turbines Earthq. Eng. Sruct. Dyn. (IF 4.5) Pub Date : 2024-02-21 Upendra Kumar Sah, Jun Yang
Offshore wind turbines (OWTs) have emerged as one of the most sustainable and renewable sources of energy. The size of OWTs has been increasing, which creates more challenges in the design of foundations due to the potential higher-mode effects involved in the dynamic soil-structure interaction (DSSI) response. Several foundation modeling techniques are available for calculating the OWT fundamental
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An advanced rate-dependent analytical model of lead rubber bearing Earthq. Eng. Sruct. Dyn. (IF 4.5) Pub Date : 2024-02-14 Vahid Aghaeidoost, A. H. M. Muntasir Billah
Lead rubber bearings (LRBs) are a type of isolation bearing that have a combination of rubber and lead as the main components. These bearings are widely used in bridges, buildings, and other important structures due to their high load-carrying capacity and excellent energy dissipation capability. However, the behavior of LRBs is complex and nonlinear, making it difficult to predict their behavior and
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Novel performance-based seismic reinforcement method for the dry masonry retaining wall located in an urban residential area Earthq. Eng. Sruct. Dyn. (IF 4.5) Pub Date : 2024-02-14 Kazuya Sano, Anurag Sahare, Kazuya Itoh, Tsuyoshi Tanaka, Naoaki Suemasa, Takeharu Konami, Shingo Taniyama
In Japan, recently there has been an increase in the failure of dry masonry retaining walls located in an urban residential area due to strong earthquakes. However, currently there are no established optimal seismic reinforcement methods for such dry masonry retaining walls due to issues related to workability and construction cost. This paper presents a novel reinforcement method wherein the tilting
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Assessing the significance of nonlinear rotational behavior in high damping rubber bearings for seismic performance of base-isolated RC frame building Earthq. Eng. Sruct. Dyn. (IF 4.5) Pub Date : 2024-02-13 Tao Li, Yijian Yang, Kaoshan Dai, Jun Xu, Qingzi Ge
Utilizing high-damping rubber bearings (HDRBs) for seismic isolation significantly enhances building seismic performance. However, previous studies have often neglected the nonlinear rotational behavior of these bearings when assessing base-isolated systems using HDRBs. This study introduces two numerical models of the HDRBs, each comprising six springs. The first model, referred to as the BIL model
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A full-probabilistic cloud analysis for structural seismic fragility via decoupled M-PDEM Earthq. Eng. Sruct. Dyn. (IF 4.5) Pub Date : 2024-02-13 Meng-Ze Lyu, De-Cheng Feng, Xu-Yang Cao, Michael Beer
Performance-based earthquake engineering (PBEE) is essential for ensuring engineering safety. Conducting seismic fragility analysis within this framework is imperative. Existing methods for seismic fragility analysis often rely heavily on double loop reanalysis and empirical data fitting, leading to challenges in obtaining high-precision results with a limited number of representative structural analysis
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Tie system to upgrade out-of-plane performance of infill masonry walls Earthq. Eng. Sruct. Dyn. (IF 4.5) Pub Date : 2024-02-13 Ho Choi, Yoshiaki Nakano, Yasushi Sanada, Kazuto Matsukawa, Polat Gülkan, Baris Binici
The objectives of this study were to investigate the out-of-plane behavior of unreinforced masonry (URM) infill walls and to identify the effectiveness of tie systems that were proposed to enhance the infill stability under both in- and out-of-plane effects. This study examined three types of tie systems: a full-length tie system (prototype), a staggered tie system and a half-length tie system. For
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Performance-based optimum seismic design of self-centering steel moment frames with SMA-based connections Earthq. Eng. Sruct. Dyn. (IF 4.5) Pub Date : 2024-02-13 Aydin Hassanzadeh, Saber Moradi, Henry V. Burton
Shape memory alloys (SMAs) have found several applications in earthquake-resilient structures. However, because of high material costs, their implementation on industry projects is still limited. Developing design approaches that minimize the use of expensive SMAs is critical to facilitating their widespread adoption in real structures. This paper proposes a performance-based seismic design optimization
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Investigation of seismic fragility curves of unbonded FREIs: Adaptive characteristics and modeling sensitivity Earthq. Eng. Sruct. Dyn. (IF 4.5) Pub Date : 2024-02-10 Hediyeh Sheikh, Rajeev Ruparathna, Niel C. Van Engelen
Fiber-reinforced elastomeric isolators (FREIs) are composed of layers of elastomer reinforced with either steel or fibers, and can be placed in a bonded or unbonded configuration between the upper and lower supports. The use of fiber reinforcement in FREIs was intended to reduce the production and installation costs compared to common steel-reinforced elastomeric isolators (SREIs) and to develop an
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Seismic resilience mechanism of self-centering dual-limb thin-walled rocking piers with replaceable energy dissipation beams Earthq. Eng. Sruct. Dyn. (IF 4.5) Pub Date : 2024-02-02 Jin Guo, Boyu Guo, Liwei Nie, Haiyang Pan, Ruojin Sun, Weigang Zhao
This paper presents an innovative self-centering dual-limb thin-walled rocking pier with replaceable energy dissipation beams (DLTW-REDB), combining self-centering hybrid system concepts with DLTW bridge piers. It addresses the issue of DLTW piers being prone to damage in the longitudinal direction during strong earthquakes, enabling rapid post-earthquake recovery. The study focuses on the following
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Cumulative power spectral density-based damping estimation Earthq. Eng. Sruct. Dyn. (IF 4.5) Pub Date : 2024-02-02 Wonsul Kim, Jae-Seung Hwang, Dae-Kun Kwon, Ahsan Kareem
Damping is one of the critical factors in evaluating the performance of a structure under loads resulting from winds, waves, and earthquakes. Due to significant uncertainties associated with the damping mechanism and methods of its evaluation, its accurate estimation remains a challenging task. Therefore, many studies have focused on the development of damping estimation schemes. In this study, a simple
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An integrated simulation method for large-scale earthquake-induced falling debris in building groups Earthq. Eng. Sruct. Dyn. (IF 4.5) Pub Date : 2024-02-02 Zhen Xu, Yian Zhu, Donglian Gu, Quan Zhou
When building groups are subjected to earthquakes, the potential hazard of exterior falling debris poses a significant risk of causing severe injuries and fatalities. In this study, an integrated simulation method of the large-scale earthquake-induced exterior falling debris for building groups is proposed, which includes modeling, calculation, and visualization. Firstly, a modeling algorithm is established
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Shaking table tests and numerical analysis of RC coupled shear wall structure with hybrid replaceable coupling beams Earthq. Eng. Sruct. Dyn. (IF 4.5) Pub Date : 2024-01-30 Nan Gong, Fabio Freddi, Peizhen Li
A variety of innovative structural solutions have been recently introduced to mitigate damage and expedite the repair of buildings subjected to extreme seismic events, hence contributing to the urgent need for resilient societies. In this context, the present study experimentally and numerically investigates an innovative reinforced concrete (RC) shear wall (SW) structure with replaceable coupling
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Comparative study on structural behavior of ferrocement wall panels Earthq. Eng. Sruct. Dyn. (IF 4.5) Pub Date : 2024-01-29 Deepana Gopal, D. Shobarajkumar
In this fast-developing world both in the form of trends and population. House is a basic need for everyone and it is always preferred to be completed within a minimum time. Ferrocement wall panels will be a great advantage it accommodate quicker construction. It also helps the building to be built with required shape and size and also with a better aesthetic appearance. Other advantages include less
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Modal characterization of a three-story buckling-restrained braced frame steel building by non-destructive field testing Earthq. Eng. Sruct. Dyn. (IF 4.5) Pub Date : 2024-01-29 Michael Morano, Louis Lin, Tara Hutchinson, Junwei Liu, Emily Williamson, Chris P. Pantelides
A full-scale, reconfigurable, three-story steel building was constructed and its modal properties identified prior to shake table testing on the UC San Diego Large High Performance Outdoor Shake Table (LHPOST6). The aim of this pre-shake table test erection was to demonstrate the rapid constructability of the building and identify construction fit issues prior to its assembly on LHPOST6. This posed
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Seismic experiments and shear resistance prediction of multi-celled corrugated-plate CFST walls Earthq. Eng. Sruct. Dyn. (IF 4.5) Pub Date : 2024-01-25 Jingzhong Tong, Jiaming Zhang, Chaoqun Yu, Genshu Tong, Qinghua Li, Shilang Xu
Multi-celled corrugated-plate CFST walls (MC-CFST walls) are innovative composite members for load bearing and energy dissipation. The corrugated steel plates effectively enhance the confinement capacity of the infilled concrete and reduce steel consumption. In this study, the seismic behavior of MC-CFST walls was investigated through experimental, numerical, and theoretical analyses. Eight specimens
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Effectiveness of repairing yielding anchor rods in exposed column bases in steel structures Earthq. Eng. Sruct. Dyn. (IF 4.5) Pub Date : 2024-01-25 Kun-Sian Lin, Masahiro Kurata, Didier Pettinga, Yoshitaka Suzuki, Shintaro Matsuo, Tiziano Perea, Michio Ito
One of the features of Japanese structural steel design is an economical design option for yielding exposed column bases before first-story columns, namely weak-base/strong-column design, which is unlike the strict capacity design for column bases. This study aims to develop a repair methodology that identifies damage states of the yielding column bases and anchor rods, and selects appropriate repair/retrofit
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Deep learning-based response spectrum analysis method for building structures Earthq. Eng. Sruct. Dyn. (IF 4.5) Pub Date : 2024-01-23 Taeyong Kim, Oh-Sung Kwon, Junho Song
The response spectrum method has gained widespread acceptance in practical applications owing to its favorable compromise between accuracy and practical efficiency. The method predicts the peak responses of multi-degree-of-freedom (MDOF) systems by combining modal responses. The Square Root of the Sum of Squares (SRSS) and Complete Quadratic Combination (CQC) rules are commonly used for modal combinations
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Collapse hybrid simulation for testing steel building columns subject to boundary condition changes Earthq. Eng. Sruct. Dyn. (IF 4.5) Pub Date : 2024-01-18 Konstantinos Skalomenos, Masahiro Kurata
This paper develops a hybrid simulation to experimentally evaluate the ultimate behavior of steel columns subject to boundary condition changes and bending moment redistribution due to the progressive seismic collapse of building structures. The proposed experimental method combines sub-structuring test techniques and refined finite element (FE) analysis methods in a hybrid scheme. The inelastic behavior
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Long-term building safety assessment from a series of earthquake excitations Earthq. Eng. Sruct. Dyn. (IF 4.5) Pub Date : 2024-01-15 Yu-Tzu Huang, Chin-Hsiung Loh, Chung-Che Chou, Wen-Hui Chen
Structural health monitoring is conducted to ensure the structural integrity of a building during earthquakes. This study aimed to improve our understanding of the dynamic response of buildings subjected to a series of earthquake excitations, focusing on interpreting structural dynamic characteristics and identifying potential seismic damage subjected to a series of earthquake excitations. To this
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Design and commissioning of novel test apparatus for underground structures and its application in seismic damage testing of prefabricated subway station Earthq. Eng. Sruct. Dyn. (IF 4.5) Pub Date : 2024-01-13 Jinnan Chen, Chengshun Xu, Xiuli Du, Hesham M. El Naggar, Runbo Han
This paper presents the design and commissioning of a novel pseudo-static test apparatus for underground structures that accounts for soil-structure interaction by simulating the soil with suitably designed springs. The developed apparatus was employed to conduct 1:10 large scale tests on a two-story three-span prefabricated subway station structure. Two comparative cyclic load tests were conducted:
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Dynamic cyclic loading tests for investigating the influence of loading rate and axial force on the lateral response of RC columns Earthq. Eng. Sruct. Dyn. (IF 4.5) Pub Date : 2024-01-11 Jamin Park, Minseok Park, Yunbyeong Chae, Chul-Young Kim
The material properties of steel and concrete vary depending on the loading rate to which they are subjected. To realistically evaluate the seismic performance of reinforced concrete (RC) columns, it is necessary to simulate the loading rate that structures will experience during seismic events as accurately as possible. Real-time dynamic testing is preferred over quasi-static testing for this purpose
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Displacement-based design procedures for rigid block isolation Earthq. Eng. Sruct. Dyn. (IF 4.5) Pub Date : 2024-01-11 Giacomo Destro Bisol, Matthew J. DeJong, Domenico Liberatore, Luigi Sorrentino
When subjected to earthquakes, many objects or structural elements behave like rocking rigid blocks. Computer servers, medical shelves, art objects, statues, and electrical transformers are frequently included in this category. Protection of these objects is an important task, considering that their value could be inestimable or their operation crucial during earthquakes; base isolation technology
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An extended generalized conditional intensity measure method for aftershock ground motion selection Earthq. Eng. Sruct. Dyn. (IF 4.5) Pub Date : 2024-01-11 Ming-Yang Xu, Da-Gang Lu
This study proposes an extended generalized conditional intensity measure (EGCIM)-based approach to selecting aftershock ground motions that match the target aftershock EGCIM distributions. The main purposes of the proposed methodology are threefold: (a) to consider the multiple characteristics of aftershock ground motions (e.g., amplitude, frequency contents, cumulative effects, and duration), (b)
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A diagram-based design procedure for Intermediate Isolation System in existing buildings with inelastic behavior Earthq. Eng. Sruct. Dyn. (IF 4.5) Pub Date : 2024-01-08 Francesco Esposito, Diana Faiella, Elena Mele
Vertical extensions of existing buildings can be realized through Intermediate Isolation System (IIS): the extension, equipped with a base isolation system on the rooftop of the existing building, can work as a mass damper, thus reducing the seismic demand on the old structure. The idea proposed in this paper is to predict the elastic or inelastic response of the existing structure in the IIS configuration
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Reinforced concrete wall buildings with force-limiting connections: Modeling effects and uncertainty propagation Earthq. Eng. Sruct. Dyn. (IF 4.5) Pub Date : 2024-01-05 C. Franco Mayorga, Georgios Tsampras
This paper assesses the effects of (1) the gravity load-resisting system (GLRS) modeling approach, (2) the seismic force-resisting system (SFRS) modeling approach, and (3) the uncertainty of the model parameters of the constitutive law of the longitudinal reinforcing steel of the SFRS on the seismic responses of a 12-story reinforced concrete wall building with force-limiting connections. This is achieved
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Seismic Structure-Soil-Structure Interaction between inelastic structures Earthq. Eng. Sruct. Dyn. (IF 4.5) Pub Date : 2024-01-05 Felipe Vicencio, Nicholas A. Alexander, Christian Málaga-Chuquitaype
Frequently, buildings in urban areas are designed by considering their stand-alone response, that is, as single structures with no neighboring buildings. Nevertheless, the existence of a high density of buildings in large metropolitan areas inevitably results in the likelihood of an important seismic interaction between adjacent buildings through the underlying soil. This paper explores the effects
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Seismic response and capacity of inelastic acceleration-sensitive nonstructural elements subjected to building floor motions Earthq. Eng. Sruct. Dyn. (IF 4.5) Pub Date : 2024-01-04 Gennaro Magliulo, Danilo D'Angela
The paper investigates the seismic response of nonstructural elements (NEs), focusing on acceleration-sensitive components housed in buildings, modelled as inelastic Ibarra–Medina–Krawinkler (SDOF) systems. Incremental dynamic analysis (IDA) is carried out considering (a) representative suites of building floor motions (real loading histories recorded within reinforced concrete (RC) buildings and table
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Application of model updating to a large-scale hybrid simulation Earthq. Eng. Sruct. Dyn. (IF 4.5) Pub Date : 2024-01-04 Mao Cheng, Maria Camila Lopez Ruiz, Tracy C. Becker
Model updating can enhance hybrid simulation by utilizing the experimental data from the physically tested substructure to update the parameters of like-components in the numerical substructure throughout the test, improving the overall accuracy and reducing the extent of the experimental setup. Identifying and updating parameters can be challenging, especially when coupling between degrees of freedom
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Shaking table tests of sliding-prone blocks subjected to unidirectional and bidirectional ground and floor motions Earthq. Eng. Sruct. Dyn. (IF 4.5) Pub Date : 2024-01-04 Pei Liu, Hao-Tian Chen, Yuan-Ming Zhang, Wei-Guo Yang
Freestanding museum collections with low friction coefficients and high aspect ratios may be damaged due to excessive sliding displacements during earthquakes. However, several key issues have not been adequately addressed, such as the friction and sliding behavior of museum collections under actual conditions. Unidirectional and bidirectional shaking table tests were conducted to determine the maximum
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Ground motion models for regions with limited data: Data-driven approach Earthq. Eng. Sruct. Dyn. (IF 4.5) Pub Date : 2024-01-02 Vemula Sreenath, Jahnabi Basu, S. T. G. Raghukanth
The ground motion model (GMM) for response spectra is crucial to hazard studies and structural design. GMM developed for regions with abundant data can capture appropriate spectral attenuation characteristics. However, several seismically active regions, such as the Himalayas, have limited recorded data, and thus, traditionally, simulated, or other regional data are supplemented with the available
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Dynamic performance of structures with clutching inertia-damping system: Theoretical study Earthq. Eng. Sruct. Dyn. (IF 4.5) Pub Date : 2023-12-26 Qigang Liang, Xiaoyu Bai, Delei Yu, Luyu Li, Jinping Ou
This paper addresses performance limitations in passive clutching inertia devices due to the absence of flywheel deceleration damping. A solution introducing viscous damping to serve as the flywheel deceleration mechanism is proposed, thus forming the “CIDS” (Clutching Inertia-Damping System). The study establishes a multi-body motion analysis model for the CIDS within a single-degree-of-freedom structure
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Time-varying reliability analysis based on hybrid Kalman filtering and probability density evolution Earthq. Eng. Sruct. Dyn. (IF 4.5) Pub Date : 2023-12-22 Esmaeil Ghorbani, Sajad S. Afshari, Dagmar Svecova, Xihui Liang, Young-Jin Cha
The study introduces a novel approach for time-varying reliability analysis of structures called “hybrid UKF-PDEM” by integrating the unscented Kalman filter (UKF) and the probability density evolution method (PDEM). The UKF estimates the displacement, velocity, stiffness, and damping parameters of a structure at each time step subjected to dynamic loading for structural damage quantification. The
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Risk-targeted fragility functions considering a system performance requirement and domino effects Earthq. Eng. Sruct. Dyn. (IF 4.5) Pub Date : 2023-12-21 Francesca Celano, Matjaž Dolšek
The design of structures depends on the performance requirements that are usually defined through structural codes for single units. This approach may not be optimal because major earthquakes affect the built environment and can also trigger domino effects due to fires, explosions or toxic dispersion. To overcome this issue, we introduce a probabilistic framework for defining unit performance requirements
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Development and optimization of a novel response-amplified friction damper with different friction pairs Earthq. Eng. Sruct. Dyn. (IF 4.5) Pub Date : 2023-12-22 Jingwei Gao, ShouTan Song, Chun-Lin Wang, Bin Zeng
In order to improve the efficiency of friction dampers, a shear-type response-amplified friction damper (RAFD) was proposed, which utilized a lever mechanism to amplify the shear displacement and increase the sliding distance of friction pairs. Cyclic loading tests were conducted on 12 RAFD specimens to evaluate the effects of machining processes, friction materials, loading protocols, and bolt pretension
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Multi-rate real-time hybrid simulation with adaptive discrete feedforward controller-based compensation strategy Earthq. Eng. Sruct. Dyn. (IF 4.5) Pub Date : 2023-12-22 Junjie Tao, Oya Mercan, Muhammet Calayir
Real-time hybrid simulation (RTHS) is an innovative experimental testing technique that tests only some structural components for which accurate numerical models do not exist (i.e., experimental substructure), while modeling the rest of the structure numerically (i.e., numerical substructure). Conventionally, the two substructures in RTHS are executed at the same rate and interact in real time. Multi-rate
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Validity of models for frictional heating in sliding isolators Earthq. Eng. Sruct. Dyn. (IF 4.5) Pub Date : 2023-12-22 Hyun-Myung Kim, Michael C. Constantinou
This paper investigates the validity of theories for the prediction of the temperature increase at the sliding interfaces of sliding isolators. The prevailing theory considers the isolator to be indefinite in depth and the heat flux generated at the sliding interface(s) to be infinite in extent. In reality, the depth is finite and small, and bounded by an insulating boundary, whereas the heat flux
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Feature selection of ground motion intensity measures for data-driven surrogate modeling of structures Earthq. Eng. Sruct. Dyn. (IF 4.5) Pub Date : 2023-12-21 Jia-Yi Ding, De-Cheng Feng
In the probabilistic seismic performance assessment of structures, intensity measures (IMs) represent seismic characteristics and variations. Traditional fragility analysis method based on the assumption of linear regression requires selecting an optimal IM as input variable. By introducing machine learning (ML) techniques, nonparametric fragility analysis theoretically allows for considering all potential
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Quantifying modeling uncertainties in seismic analysis of dams: Insights from an international benchmark study Earthq. Eng. Sruct. Dyn. (IF 4.5) Pub Date : 2023-12-19 Mohammad Amin Hariri-Ardebili
Advances in nonlinear dynamic analysis of dams have not completely resolved concerns over modeling confidence and analysis accuracy. Verification and validation offer accuracy assessment, but uncertainties persist during performance evaluation due to both epistemic (modeling) and aleatory (parametric) sources. Epistemic uncertainties arise from simplifications and modeling techniques. This paper addresses
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Peak floor acceleration demands in torsionally irregular buildings Earthq. Eng. Sruct. Dyn. (IF 4.5) Pub Date : 2023-12-18 Ankur Jain, Mitesh Surana
Accurate estimation of the peak floor acceleration (PFA) plays a crucial role in ensuring the seismic safety of a building, its contents, and attachments. This study investigates amplification in PFA due to building torsion. Torsionally irregular reinforced-concrete moment-resisting frame buildings are analyzed under bidirectional earthquake excitations for five levels of ductility demands. A total
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Physical damage-hysteretic response correlation for steel sheet sheathed cold-formed steel-framed wall-lines Earthq. Eng. Sruct. Dyn. (IF 4.5) Pub Date : 2023-12-19 Amanpreet Singh, Xiang Wang, Zhidong Zhang, Kara D. Peterman, Benjamin W. Schafer, Tara C. Hutchinson
Use of cold-formed steel (CFS) framing as load-bearing system for gravity and lateral loads in buildings is becoming increasingly common in the North American construction industry, notably in high seismic regions where light-weight construction is an attractive option. Buildings framed with closely spaced and repetitively placed CFS members can be detailed to develop lateral resistance using a variety
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On the fragility of non-structural elements in loss and recovery: Field observations from Japan Earthq. Eng. Sruct. Dyn. (IF 4.5) Pub Date : 2023-12-14 Gerard J. O'Reilly, Kan Hasegawa, Davit Shahnazaryan, José Poveda, Yu Fukutomi, Akihiro Kusaka, Masayoshi Nakashima
The role of non-structural elements (NSEs) in the seismic performance of buildings has been highlighted in past years. Research studies following state-of-the-art methodologies generally find that when the structural collapse is not of significant concern, NSEs tend to dominate the repair costs and financial investment required in a building. This paper examines field observations from interviews and
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An unsupervised machine learning approach for ground-motion spectra clustering and selection Earthq. Eng. Sruct. Dyn. (IF 4.5) Pub Date : 2023-12-12 Robert Bailey Bond, Pu Ren, Jerome F. Hajjar, Hao Sun
Clustering analysis of sequence data continues to address many applications in engineering design, aided with the rapid growth of machine learning in applied science. This paper presents an unsupervised machine learning algorithm to extract defining characteristics of earthquake ground-motion spectra, also called latent features, to aid in ground-motion selection (GMS). In this context, a latent feature
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Seismic behavior and modeling of T-shaped reinforced concrete walls under high axial force ratios Earthq. Eng. Sruct. Dyn. (IF 4.5) Pub Date : 2023-12-12 Xiaodong Ji, Lei Sun, Shuo Wang, Kristijan Kolozvari
This paper presents large-scale quasi-static tests conducted to investigate the seismic behavior of slender T-shaped walls under a high axial compression force ratio of approximately 0.19. Four specimens were designed per various codes and design methods for comparison. All specimens failed in a flexural mode, characterized by the crushing of concrete and buckling or fracture of boundary longitudinal
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Equivalent static methods for seismic design of straight integral abutment bridges Earthq. Eng. Sruct. Dyn. (IF 4.5) Pub Date : 2023-12-08 Andrea Marchi, Paolo Franchin
Integral abutment bridges (IABs) are becoming the solution of choice in the low to mid-length ranges because of their low cost compared with traditional solutions and their good performance under seismic actions. The main drawback of these bridges is the need to consider soil-structure interaction to assess their performance, a problem that is more pronounced for actions implying horizontal deck movements
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Hybrid-simulation-based model calibration method for nonlinear seismic analysis Earthq. Eng. Sruct. Dyn. (IF 4.5) Pub Date : 2023-12-08 Hongzhou Zhang, Oh-Sung Kwon, Constantin Christopoulos
The calibration of parameters of hysteretic models that simulate the hysteretic behavior of key structural components is a crucial task in the nonlinear seismic analysis of structures to ensure accurate analysis results. For complicated systems, a direct calibration of model parameters at the system level is almost impossible due to the lack of test data. Consequently, the calibration is usually conducted
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A multi-layer thermo-mechanical coupling hysteretic model for high damping rubber bearings at low temperature Earthq. Eng. Sruct. Dyn. (IF 4.5) Pub Date : 2023-12-07 Jie Shen, Igarashi Akira, Ji Dang, Yuki Hamada, Takehiko Himeno
High damping rubber (HDR) bearings have been widely applied in seismic isolation of structures. However, the complex behavior of HDR bearings is influenced by thermal mechanism coupled with the seismic response of the structure, particularly at low ambient temperatures. In order to express the hysteretic restoring force behavior of HDR bearings involving temperature dependence, heating effect, and