To identify the sedimentary organic matter (OM) sources and reconstruct primary productivity evolution process in the coastal areas of the East China Sea (ECS), carbon, nitrogen and carbon stable isotope (δ13C) combined with sterols were studied in the surface and core sediments. The quantitative calculations of δ13C model and characteristic sterols suggested that the OM is derived from mixed marine

The deep basins of the Baltic Sea experienced dramatic climate- and eutrophication-induced redox changes between oxic and euxinic water column conditions. Irregularly appearing Major Baltic Inflows (MBI) carrying North Sea waters to the Baltic Sea are partly able to oxygenate euxinic bottom waters within several weeks. After an absence of ∼10 years, an exceptional strong inflow event in December 2014

In the hyper-tidal Minas Basin located in the upper Bay of Fundy, Canada, the concentration of total suspended matter increases by an order of magnitude in winter as material from the expansive tidal flats is remobilized and storms increase cliff erosion. Tripods with a digital floc camera, LISST 100B, optical backscatter sensors, settling velocity camera, ADCP and an in-situ water filtration system

Accurate and compatible sea level data are now more important than ever before, especially in semi-enclosed sea areas that are highly exploited and surrounded by many countries, such as the Baltic Sea. Obtaining accurate sea level data is however, not only hindered by resolution deficiencies and systematic and random errors from the various available sources (e.g. satellite altimetry (SA), tide gauges

Coastally Trapped Waves (CTWs) are studied along the east and north shelves of the Arabian Sea (AS) through field measurements and numerical modeling. A nondispersive barotropic wave, induced by Cyclone Ashobaa, with periods of 10–14 days propagated in wider parts of the shelf. The phase velocities and CTW amplitudes significantly decreased in narrower parts, where a stronger stratification also exists

The Yellow River is one of the largest rivers in China, and its river plume has significant influences on the physical and ecological environment and fishery resources in the adjacent sea. However, how the Yellow River plume extends and its dynamic mechanism remain unclear. A 3D numerical model was used to study the dynamics of the extension of the Yellow River plume in summer. The results of the numerical

Marine zooplankton play a pivotal position in the pelagic ecosystem and, as one of their principal members, copepods represent by far the most significant direct link between phytoplankton and the higher trophic levels. In this study, observational evidence of the effect of a mesoscale cyclonic eddy on the abundance of copepods (adult calanoids, adult cyclopoids and all copepodite stages) in the Bay

Red Sea is one of the world's major strategic shipping routes for crude oil transportation. Accidental spills of crude oil into the environmentally sensitive marine environments are known to impact the marine life. However, studies on direct assessment of oil spill on marine ecosystem, in particular on the primary productivity and bio-optical parameters in the Red Sea waters were poorly constrained

To identify the drivers of sediment deposition within a mangrove-lined river delta, we developed a three-dimensional numerical model in an idealized domain. Our model system is based on the Firth of Thames, a modern flat-fronted, bay-head deltaic system, in the Hauraki Gulf, in the North Island of New Zealand. The interactions of the buoyant river plume with mangroves are examined, including sediment

A nested-grid ocean surface wave model based on WAVEWATCH III (WW3) is used to investigate wave propagations in the ice-covered regions of the eastern Canadian shelf (ECS) during a winter storm in March 2014. The applicability of two viscoelastic models (known as IC3 and IC5) for wave dissipation in ice is investigated. Two essential ice rheological parameters (kinetic viscosity v and elasticity G)

Investigating the equilibrium profile of a sandy beach is important to evaluate the beach response to natural forces. Empirical or semi-empirical relationships among beach states, wave climates and sediments properties have been established in various studies. In this study, detailed physical insights of hydrodynamics and sediment transport patterns on a quasi-equilibrium beach profile are provided

The distribution of the Bering-Chukchi-Beaufort Sea population of bowhead whales (Balaena mysticetus) is largely centered in the Chukchi Sea in autumn (September–November), which is also when sea ice is at minimum extent allowing for increased ship traffic and industrial activity. Prior work paired autumn movements of bowhead whales in the Chukchi Sea with simulated hydrographic information and concluded

Boat traffic and resulting wakes are among the major human-mediated stressors on coastal ecosystems. Modulation of sediment transport by wakes and tides in an intertidal waterway with boat traffic is studied here. The hypothesis that boat wakes cause significant increases in sediment transport in intertidal settings is tested. Field observations of tides, currents, boat wakes and turbidity were collected

We analyze long-term tide gauge records to examine whether there is a quasi 60-year oscillation in global tides. We find that there is a significant 55-year cycle at more than half of the tide gauges analyzed. For M2 tide, the amplitudes of the 55-year cycle range from 1.82 ± 0.80 mm (Los Angles) to 26.34 ± 6.75 mm (Cuxhaven), while for S2 tide, the amplitudes of the 55-year cycle range from 1.02 ± 0

As water flows from the North Pacific Ocean to the Arctic Ocean it passes through the shallow eastern shelf of the Bering Sea which serves as a major sink of inorganic nitrogen. This study explores the physical and biological factors that influence the spatiotemporal variability of this sink. A regional relationship of dissolved inorganic nitrogen to inorganic phosphorus (DIN:P) was established for

On the Bay of Biscay continental shelf, there are several mid-shelf mud patches including La Grande Vasière to the north, the West Gironde Mud Patch (WGMP) off the Gironde estuary and the Basque Mud Patch close to the Spanish border. In general, these deposits are several meters thick and cover coarser substrate. Questions remain about their storage capability for fine particles and carbon. This work

Persian Gulf is a highly turbid and optically complex marginal sea. Satellite remotely sensed chlorophyll-a (Chl-a) products have been widely used in this marine area, despite uncertainties due to complex oceanic and atmospheric optical properties. In this study, accuracy of daily merged multi-sensor Ocean Color Climate Change Initiative (OC–CCI), Copernicus Marine Environmental Monitoring Service

A multi-institutional initiative was created in a context of potential oil exploration at the Old Harry site to monitor the marine ecosystem and manage resources of the Gulf of St. Lawrence (GSL). As part of this initiative, two sediment traps were deployed at depths of 34 m and 100 m at a site northwest of Cabot Strait in the Laurentian Channel to measure downward carbon fluxes from October 2014 to

Physical oceanography is increasingly relying on satellite remote sensing to survey the perpetually undersampled ocean, whereas the latest Synthetic Aperture Radars (SARs) are moving forward to provide a more continuous monitoring of the ocean. In this study we use a collection of SAR images to document the two-dimensional horizontal structure of Internal Solitary Waves (ISWs) propagating between two

Orthogonal wave-current interaction often occurs in coastal regions, when waves approach the shoreline near-orthogonally and longshore currents are present. Notwithstanding its wide relevance, this phenomenon is far from being understood to a full extent, especially in the presence of bed roughness. Indeed the effects on the apparent roughness due to the combination of steady currents and surface waves

During the Arctic spring freshet, the Mackenzie River delivers large amounts of dissolved and particulate terrestrial organic carbon to the Canadian Beaufort Sea shelf. This pulse of material and nutrients fuels phytoplankton blooms in late spring and summer and together with under ice primary production contributes to the organic carbon reservoir of the coastal shelf sediments. As a component of the

Deception Island is amongst the most active volcanoes in the Southern Ocean, with over 20 explosive eruptions in the last ca. 200 years. The eruption that formed the caldera at Deception Island occurred 3980 ± 125 calendar years Before Present, and it is the largest eruptive event documented in Antarctica during Holocene. Since then, post-caldera volcanic activity has comprised many scattered eruptive

The coloured dissolved organic matter (CDOM) pool was studied to provide information about the characteristics and dynamics of the dissolved organic carbon (DOC) fraction in the largest contiguous coral reef system in the world, the Great Barrier Reef, Australia. The large-scale dataset consisted of 793 discrete measurements collected in offshore and coastal regions in the period from 2004 to 2017

Observations along two inner shelf transects of East-Central Florida provide information on the influence of ridge-swale bathymetry on tidal and subtidal hydrodynamics and the applicability of open channel flow theory in an area of complex bathymetry. Results from vessel-based ADCP measurements were compared to two analytical models that yield tidal and subtidal solutions. Of the two transects investigated

The case-1 (optically simple) oceanic environment is described by a smoothly transitioning gradient in optical properties arising from the concentration of the primary algal photopigment, chlorophyll a, plus its covarying and optically relevant constituents. As such, the spectral transition that defines case-1 water types is captured by a single primary spectral mode—the transition in peak wavelength

The value of subsea pipelines as habitat for fish and benthic species is being considered, particularly by the oil and gas industry as they look to decommission seafloor infrastructure reaching the end of production. We investigated fish and benthic communities along a ca.345 km section of offshore pipeline in remote northern Australia to compare pipeline communities with those in surrounding areas

From a set of satellite and hydrographic data and zooplankton samples, effects of thermal fronts and mesoscale structures on the distribution and transport of fish larvae in the Midriff Archipelago Region (MAR) of the Gulf of California during a summer (June 2006) and a winter (February 2007) were analyzed. Using the Sea Surface Temperature (SST) gradient magnitude, a frontal system was defined in

A unique set of field measurements taken along Galveston beach have been compiled to give annual shoreline positions over the period 2010–2016. These have been used, in conjunction with statistical and mathematical modelling, to gain insights into the response of the shoreline after the landfall of Hurricane Ike in 2008, which caused extensive erosion and loss of material from the beach. Over the period

The influence of tides on cross-shore sediment dynamics of a longshore-uniform beach is studied by means of a 1D numerical model (XBeach). The model is modified to include longshore tidal currents induced by water level gradients. The effect of tides on cross-shore sediment dynamics is quantified by analyzing the change in suspended sediment concentration, sediment advection velocity, and sediment

Discriminating sediment sources quantitatively of several unique shelf-mud deposits in the Yellow Sea has received considerable attention, because they are active sedimentary depocenters that can elucidate the river sediment dispersal patterns and the depositional systems of the sea. Here, we propose a new sediment source proxy model of rare earth elements (REEs) that reflects innate characteristics

Tides are one of the basic types of ocean water motions. Previous studies have reported that the M2 constituent exhibits seasonal variations (annual cycles) in some regions. However, based on the newly proposed method of modified two-step harmonic analysis (HA) and its application at 240 global tide gauges, we find that the M2 constituent as well as the S2 and K1 do not have significant seasonal variations

Accurate inversion of sound velocity in a Holocene stratum and a Quaternary stratum was achieved based on rich high-resolution sub-bottom profiles and boreholes in the Jinzhou Bay, Bohai Sea of China. The average value of the sound velocity is 1540.2 m/s in the Holocene stratum and 1764.7 m/s in the Quaternary stratum. The fitting analysis shows that there is an obvious positive linear correlation

The Gulf of Anadyr (GA), one of the largest and most poorly investigated gulfs of the Bering Sea, is an important part of the Pacific Arctic. Drivers and mechanisms responsible for the spatial variations in surface seawater CO2 system parameters and associated air–sea CO2 fluxes were investigated during three oceanographic cruises conducted in the GA during the open water season of 1992, 2002, and

The growing interest in tidal energy has led to a need to better understand the interaction between energetic tidal flows and submarine bathymetry. The Gulf of Corryvreckan (GoC) is a highly energetic tidal channel, ∼3.2 km long and ∼1.1 km wide with a maximum depth of 220 m occurring between the islands of Scarba and Jura, western Scotland, UK. A high-resolution bathymetric survey of the region, groundtruthed

Characterizing the spatial distribution of δ18O in seawater and δ15N and δ13C in marine particulate organic matter pools can be useful in identifying isotopic discriminators of major water masses and serve as a baseline for food web and other ecological studies. Nevertheless, we do not know how isoscapes of δ18O, δ15N and δ13C are distributed and interact with mesoscale (10–100 km) physical oceanographic

Lombok Strait is one of the main exit passages of the Indonesian throughflow (ITF), connecting the interior Indonesian seas with the Indian Ocean. Satellite images have shown that this strait is also the most remarkable zone of the Indonesian seas for the generation of internal tides, which frequently evolve into internal solitary waves (ISWs). Here we present the first comprehensive high-frequency

The influence of abiotic and biotic factors on the concentration of dimethylsulfoniopropionate (DMSP) and dimethylsulfoxide (DMSO) was investigated and compared during two annual cycles in 2016 and 2018 in the Belgian coastal zone (BCZ) in the southern North Sea at five fixed stations. These stations covered a near-offshore gradient from stations close to the mouth of the Scheldt estuary to most offshore

The continental shelf is crucial for the global carbon burial. However, quantifying its POC export is challenging due to the complicated hydrologic conditions and sediment resuspension. Here, seasonal variation of 234Th and its constraint on POC export were examined in Daya Bay, the northern South China Sea (SCS) Shelf. The total 234Th showed higher activity concentrations in summer (1.44 ± 0.28 dpm

Identification of detrital heavy minerals was carried out using a multiple-window grain size strategy on 25 representative sandy-silt sediment samples from the estuaries of the Huanghe (including the abandoned Huanghe River) and Changjiang Rivers, with each sample divided into 6–9 fractions (for a total of 196 sub-samples) at 0.5Φ intervals. After characterization of the samples with respect to the

A ubiquitous feature of the winds over the North Indian Ocean (NIO), which are dominated by monsoons, is the occurrence of variability with the annual period. It is equally pervasive in the ocean's wind-driven circulation. Here we report observations from the shelf off the east coast of India where this periodicity is absent even though local alongshore wind stress has it prominently, and so does the

Monthly hydrographic data were obtained at one station for four years at the eastern entrance to the Gulf of California to determine the influence on the pycnocline of waters from river discharge or from the California Current. Data were collected from 2005 to 2009, 20 km offshore over a depth of 127 m on the continental shelf in the vicinity of the Tropic of Cancer. The 4-yr average of the maximum

Despite the known significant effect of the Changjiang River on the surface fugacity of CO2 (fCO2) in the northern East China Sea (ECS) during summer, the influence of the river on CO2 uptake capacity has yet to be quantified. In this study, spatial variation in surface fCO2 was studied in the northern ECS in August 2016. The controlling factors on surface fCO2 were identified and quantified. Surface

Changes in sea levels due to climate change are expected to alter storm surge intensities worldwide, disproportionately effecting coastal communities. In this study, we explored the impacts of future sea level rise (SLR) on storm surges within various numerical frameworks. The relative mean sea level rise (RMSLR) scenario for a period of 100-yr was applied using satellite altimetry of sea surface height

This study in the coastal waters off Kochi along the southwest coast of India during the Southwest Monsoon (SWM) presents the biophysical implications of freshwater influx over a small spatial scale. Field sampling was carried out along two cross-shore transects (ST and NT), oriented ~ 8 km apart, and located to the south (ST) and north (NT) of the Kochi inlet, up to the depth of 50 m. The vertical

The electric current density generated in the Gulf of California by the interaction between the ocean currents produced by the M2 tide and the geomagnetic field was calculated in this study. The value of the geomagnetic field in the Gulf of California was determined from World Magnetic Model 2010 data; the tidal velocities of the seawater were calculated using a three–dimensional hydrodynamic–numerical

The present study focuses on the dynamics of M2 internal tides on the shelf and slope off the west coast of India (WCI) using a high-resolution (1/48∘) numerical ocean circulation model configured for the eastern Arabian Sea. The WCI is characterized by the presence of large internal tides where most of the internal tides generated on shelf-slope regions propagate offshore as beams. Baroclinic energy

To understand complicated current systems, we examined the 228Ra activities and 228Ra/226Ra activity ratios in 290 surface waters in the southwestern Sea of Japan from 2015 to 2020. The 228Ra/226Ra ratios exhibited large seasonal variation, showing higher ratios in July–September (1.5–2.5) than in other months. The fractions of the Kuroshio Current from the Pacific Ocean (fK), based on the 228Ra activities

Coastal shelf seas are zones of intense nutrient cycling, where a strong coupling between the sediment and the water column enhances primary productivity. To identify factors that control the strength of this benthic-pelagic coupling we measured sediment characteristics, solute fluxes, and porewater nutrient profiles in spring along a south - north transect in the North Sea crossing distinct regions:

Ebb-tidal deltas filter incoming wave energy and mitigate erosion of basins and coasts by temporarily providing sediment. In many systems, these coastal safety functions are under threat from human activities. Here we use Delft3D/SWAN to assess the effects of relative sea-level rise and changes in basin area on the long-term dynamics of ebb-tidal deltas. The results show that the time scales of the

Sedimentation rate data are applied in a range of studies such as understanding the sediment carbon budget and accumulation of pollutants in marine sediments. Over many years, sedimentation rate samples have been collected within the Baltic Sea. However, to understand patterns in sedimentation rates more broadly across this sea basin requires converting these point data into continuous spatial predictions

The majority of reported field studies, using acoustic backscattering, for the measurement of nearbed suspended sediment processes, have been focussed on field sites with sand size fractions and unimodal size distributions. However, in many sedimentary environments, and particularly for estuaries and rivers, sands and muds coexist in the bed sediment substrate, forming a size regime that is often bimodal

The 1D (cross-shore) nonlinear nourishment-as-a-perturbation model of Chen and Dodd (2019) is extended to include wave streaming and depth-varying mean return flow. This is shown to lead to physically consistent values for the migration rate of small amplitude bed perturbations in the whole nearshore region. The model is also extended to arbitrary wave incidence angle, and an alternative energy dissipation

Rip currents in the southern Baltic Sea coastal zone are one of the most incompletely known and least explored hydrodynamic phenomena. As they are rare, discussion on their nature, their contribution to the complex pattern of nearshore currents, and their effect on, inter alia, the seafloor transformations is still on-going. Observations made during this study confirmed the occurrence of rip currents

Semi-automated sampling via the surface underway systems of research vessels was used to explore the distribution and composition of particulate organic matter in surface waters of the northern California Current ecosystem during winter, a poorly studied period that is characterized by downwelling favorable winds and elevated discharge by coastal rivers. New wintertime observations were compared to

The objective of the present study is to analyze the interannual variability of the Southwestern Atlantic Continental Shelf (SWACS) circulation and its thermohaline structure. To accomplish it we employed the global ocean reanalysis ORAP5.0, which spans the 35-years period 1979–2013. ORAP5.0 satisfactorily reproduces the most distinctive features of the SWACS circulation and its variability on different

The phytoplankton in coastal regions are responding to constant environmental changes, thus the use of proxies derived from in situ frequent time-series observations and validated from traditional microscopic or pigment methods can be a solution for detecting rapid responses of community dynamics and succession. In this study, we combine in situ high-frequency (every 30 min from May to September 2017)

Enhanced deposition is common near river mouths where large amounts of sediment is available. Our study focuses on the effects of sediment deposition on a mangrove forest in the Mekong river delta, Vietnam. At this site, the mangrove forest fringe is characterized by Sonneratia spp. and both mud and sand are present. High deposition rates bury mangrove roots and pneumatophores, causing forest dieback