Wetlands are considered as dynamic ecosystems that have been changed by various factors and to protect the environment, it is necessary to identify these changes, but since terrain investigation of wetlands requires a lot of time and money, remote sensing technology can be used in this regard. The purpose of this research is to investigate the capability of TVDI, MTVDI, VTCI and TVX along with MODIS

A correction to this paper has been published: https://doi.org/10.1007/s12524-021-01393-8

Sea ice has an intense impact on the polar environment, ocean circulation, weather and regional climate. Unexpected melting of sea ice, which is considered as one of the climate change effects, has become a potential threat to the Earth’s climate. The regular monitoring of sea ice and its extent has become very important towards understanding of sea ice temporal dynamics. In this study, we present

The earth observation using remote sensing images is an inquisitive way to explore and evaluate the geo-resources of any specific area on the globe. In this regard, Indian Resourcesat-2A (R2A) remote sensing satellite plays an important role in monitoring the critical resources of our planet using its unique three tier imaging mechanism. Optical sensors on-board R2A have good spatial temporal resolution

This study aims to assess the vulnerable zone of embankment breaching in Gosaba Island using geospatial and quantitative techniques. In this study, multi-temporal Landsat data from 1972 to 2017 were used for delineating shoreline change rate, net shoreline movement (NSM), erosion and accretion area and net areal change for each Gram Panchayats (GP) of the island. The shoreline change rate was calculated

Distance learning is the process of creating an educational experience of equal qualitative value for the learner to best suit their needs outside the classroom. Distance Learning Program (DLP) offered by Indian Institute of Remote Sensing (IIRS), Indian Space Research Organisation (ISRO), has witnessed steady growth in the last thirteen years benefitted more than 2.65 lakh participants from 2650 network

Urban heat islands (UHIs) refer to areas of the earth’s surface with higher temperatures than neighboring regions. The spread of this phenomenon varies according to spatial and temporal dimensions, and these variations are affected mainly by changes in land cover and heat emissions from human activities. Due to the high variations in the unit of time, the spatial continuity, and expansion of this phenomenon

Urbanization plays a major role in the governance policies of the civic bodies. Predicting the growth of the cities helps the government to provide the infrastructure facilities. Getting to know the number of built-up areas indirectly points to population increase or decrease. The percentage of the land occupied by built-up areas or non-built-up areas can be found out using the remotely sensed images

Prioritization of river basin in semi-arid to sub-humid tropical region is important in the context of natural resources conservation and management. In this paper, the Gomti River basin was prioritized for soil–water resource conservation based on analysis of morphometric parameters and land use–land cover with RS and GIS techniques. Gomti River is a monsoon and groundwater-fed river; it is a tributary

Water scarcity is now a global issue and to tackle the same at the regional level is of utmost importance. While handling the issue of water scarcity at the regional level, it is necessary to identify the probable causes of water scarcity. This study is aimed at studying the dynamics of groundwater recharge due to change in water levels. In this study, firstly spatial distribution is studied from the

Urban dynamic temporal analysis is essential for the policymaker, natural resources management plan, decision-makers, and scientific purposes. Satisfactory urban management strategies depend on consistent plotting of land use land cover changes. Remote sensing procedures in temporal change detection bring reliability to the decision taker for wide-cover management plans. Two temporal datasets of images

This research paper investigates urban sprawl in Thiruvananthapuram Urban Agglomeration (UA) and attempts to delineate Urban Growth Boundary (UGB) for promoting urban sustenance. A 112% rise in the spatial expanse of Thiruvananthapuram UA from 256.22 km2 in 2001 to 542.57 km2 in 2011 might induce urban sprawl in the peripheral areas. The Landsat satellite imagery for the years 1987, 1997, 2007, and

Shallow water bathymetry is highly significant to regional and national economic development. It is also fundamentally important to coastal benthic environments. Thus, numerous different types of algorithms have been explored to identify one that accurately determines shallow water depth. Among the algorithms that employ data from passive sensors, Ma Sheng’s algorithm, which uses the Pearson correlation

The spatiotemporal study of the glaciers under the changing environment is critical from the freshwater availability, especially in the perennial rivers flowing out of them during the lean season. The Mrigthuni Glacier, one of the major glaciers in the Pindar River basin in Uttarakhand, has been selected as a study glacier for the present analysis. The long-term (1951–2018) meteorological data analysis

The Revised Universal Soil Loss Equation (RUSLE) model by using a large-scale soil mapping dataset, remote sensing, and GIS techniques were adopted to determine the soil erosion vulnerability in part of South Deccan Plateau, India. Based on the detailed soil survey information, 11 soil series were identified, and R, K, LS, C, P factors were computed to assess the soil erosion. Results revealed that

Shorelines are one of the most important land surface phenomena with a dynamic nature. Coastal monitoring is an important parameter in sustainable development and environmental protection. Coastal monitoring requires the extraction of shorelines at different times. Nowadays, remote sensing data are considered the most efficient source of information for the study and interpretation of coastal landforms

St. Martin’s Island, one of the most visited tourist destinations of Bangladesh, is greatly famous for its diverse coral ecosystem. Because of the frequent tourist visits, the island has faced gradual changes in terms of land use and land cover alteration. The subsequent change in surface temperature impacts the coral reef and local microclimate. The current study aims to pin point the locations in

The coastal regions in the Persian Gulf are renowned for having the largest oil reserves. Pipelines, as a means of oil transportation, are one of the most common options for transporting petroleum products in these regions. Hence, the risk of oil spill pollution has become a vital challenge for local authorities, which has gradually increased since the last decade. Therefore, it is essential to use

In the last decade, airborne light detection and ranging (LiDAR) scanning (ALS) technology has become a powerful technique for remote sensing, imaging, and mapping. However, the data obtained from any measurement system can include inaccurate signals affected by systematic errors or by the external environment. De-noising to remove inaccurate outlier points is a fundamental and challenging problem

Sustainable development is a concept that has started gaining importance in recent years. It helps reduce the environmental impacts of cities with dense human populations. On a smaller scale, social spaces, localities and institutions can be—in many ways—accurately representative of the cities they’re in. In other words, a place like a university campus can be considered a small city. Based on this

The runoff from the Indian Himalayan Region (IHR) acts as a vital source of water, and therefore, estimation of runoff from snowmelt is very important. This study has been done with an objective to evaluate and compare snowmelt runoff for Mago basin in Arunachal Pradesh (Eastern Himalaya) and Alaknanda basin in Uttarakhand (Western Himalaya) using Spatially Distributed Snowmelt Runoff Model (SDSRM)

Irrigation plays a vital role to increase agricultural productivity and improve the livelihoods of the communities specifically and the economy of Ethiopia in general. However, there are gaps in development of irrigation schemes and irrigation practice. Therefore, land suitability evaluation is critical to identify the potential lands for surface irrigation. The aim of the study was to identify suitable

The outdoor video has become an important mean of monitoring on-site and target recognition recently, which requires higher and higher quality of the outdoor video images. Foggy weather can cause a significant drop in the quality of outdoor video images, directly affecting the accuracy of monitoring on-site and target recognition. In order to automatically select high-quality images with no fog or

This paper focused on the detection of alteration zones associated with the hydrothermal gold deposit using Landsat 8 OLI image data. In this paper, the hydrothermal alteration zones in the study area were detected from visible–near-infrared (VNIR) and shortwave infrared (SWIR) bands of Landsat 8 OLI image data. One of the important issues for detecting hydrothermal alteration zones is to reduce the

The rapid urbanization and land-use/land-cover (LU/LC) changes have resulted in the unplanned and unsustainable growth of the Indian cities. This has resulted in a number of environmental issues such as escalating the urban heat island (UHI) intensity over the cities. Therefore, this study was designed to model and quantify the UHI dynamics of Mumbai city in response to the LU/LC change during 1991–2018

This paper deals with a class of polyol Solid–Solid Phase Change Materials (SS-PCMs) where neopentyl glycol is mixed in 0.5, 1, and 2 wt.% of multi-walled carbon nanotube (CNT) for thermal management of avionics cooling applications in spatial navigation systems. The SS-PCM was mixed with CNT by a physical blending method to obtain a homogeneous mixture. The surface morphology, chemical composition

BeiDou navigation satellite system transmits triple-frequency signals. This paper reviews the disadvantages of the traditional least-squares ambiguity decorrelation adjustment algorithm in the ambiguity resolution and exploits the advantages of triple-frequency BDS. A new ambiguity resolution method that is based on adaptive ionosphere estimation constraints for medium-length baselines (from 50 to

Social media plays an important role in disseminating spontaneous information during natural disasters/emergencies. It is a crowdsourcing platform, capable of complementing and supplementing remote sensing data in disaster mapping. Continuous monitoring of disasters such as floods from pre-stage to post stage is essential and geo-social media can attain it. The present research proposes a robust architecture

Tree species segmentation is an essential condition for research forestry and has a large impact on forest resource monitoring, sustainable forest management, and biodiversity research. Recently, the development of hardware and software has been rapidly increasing. Regarding hardware, the active remote sensing system LiDAR can be used to obtain many point clouds and can significantly improve the tree

Land degradation is one of the major threats faced globally, affecting arid and other dryland areas severely. In such areas, biomass productivity is a function of precipitation to a large extent. This paper discusses methodology developed to generate land productivity dynamics assessment map using vegetation precipitation relationship residuals as proxy parameter to land degradation using long-term

The dynamic behavior of groundwater level effects the soil moisture, soil temperature and surface temperature. In the study, the effect has been studied at two observation sites with varying groundwater level. Regular measurements of soil moisture and soil temperature were taken in field at 1.5, 2.2 and 3 m depth to observe the groundwater level effect on these parameters. Preliminary analysis during

This paper investigates the impacts on aerosol characteristics, optical and radiative properties due to a mesoscale dust storm which originated from the Arabian, Iran/Pakistan region and observed to pass in vicinity over the semiarid region of Western India in April, 2017. The extent and long-distance transport of dust along with varying aerosol optical depth (AOD) were studied with high spatial and

Very high resolution (VHR) satellite imagery and image processing algorithms allow for the development of remote sensing applications including multi-temporal classification, tracking of specific targets, multimedia data integration, ecosystem processes analysis, and land cover/land use (LULC) mapping. Classification algorithms are the primary source to generate LCLU maps. Since texture information

The detection of strategically important geospatial objects in remote sensing images is one of the important tasks for interpreting satellite images. Identification and mapping of objects such as tank, airplane, roads, buildings, etc. from remotely sensed images has gained much research and exploration in both defense and civilian applications. Detection and identification of buildings become more

Land surface albedo (LSA) is an important parameter in surface-energy budget studies and process-based models. Availability of LSA on a continental scale from the geostationary platform can be very useful in various applications and modelling activities. A study has been carried out to develop a narrow to broadband albedo conversion algorithm for estimating broadband LSA over India and surrounding

Reservoir sedimentation is a momentous problem and has severe consequences on water management, flood control and production of energy. As the river flows into the reservoir, the sediments that travel along with it get deposited and thereby reduces the capacity of the reservoir. From this, it is obvious that study of sediment deposition has to be done periodically as it may affect the safety of dams

The remote sensed images carry large amount of crucial information. Image processing, a field of signal processing, helps in analysis of remote sensed data. One of the major processing areas is image segmentation with edge detection, which helps in segmenting an image into various sub regions. These regions identified from images, captured over long span of time can help in identification of change

Focusing on Hualien earthquake which happened on April 18th in 2019, this research took Sentinel-1A/B SAR images as data source, extracted deformation field through DInSAR and MAI technology, analyzed deformation features based on interferogram, geological structure, distribution of aftershocks and the vertical PGA monitoring results. Our results showed that the maximum displacement of land surface

Degradation of land in any form (natural or anthropogenic) poses a threat to economic, social and sustainable development on global, national and local level. The study carried out in West Haryana extracts the area transformed to agro-forestry from the degraded area. A merge of different datasets LISS IV and Cartosat 2 for 2016–17 on a scale of 1:10,000 was used for the agro-forestry patches (Horticulture

Many pansharpening algorithms are based on the principle of extracting spatial details from panchromatic (PAN) images and injecting them into multispectral (MS) images. In this paper, we present two fusion approach based on same principle by integrating standard principle component analysis (PCA) with decimated and undecimated rotated wavelet transform. When decimated/subsampled rotated wavelet transform

Nearshore bathymetry is a basic parameter of the ocean, which is crucial to the research and management of coastal zones. Previous studies have demonstrated that remote sensing techniques can be employed in estimating bathymetric information. In this paper, we propose a deep belief network with data perturbation (DBN-DP) algorithm for shallow water depth inversion from high resolution multispectral

In the present study, the impact of the assimilation of the Indian National Satellite (INSAT-3D) retrieved temperature and humidity profiles are evaluated during a heavy rainfall event. The Weather Research and Forecasting (WRF) and its three-dimensional variational (3D-Var) data assimilation system are used in this study. The extreme rainfall event which occurred during June 12th, 2017, to June 15th

Advanced technologies can improve the operational implementation of the Indian national crop insurance scheme, the Pradhan Mantri Fasal Bima Yojana (PMFBY), particularly in terms of accuracy and timeliness of the crop yield estimates that are used to determine yield losses at the Gram Panchayat (GP) level. In this study, conducted as a pilot test for PMFBY during the kharif season of 2018, technologies

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Ablah area is a basin among the deformed and weakly metamorphosed, post-amalgamation volcanosedimentary sequence in the Arabian shield, Saudi Arabia. It is a promising area for some economic deposits. This study aims to construct a detailed geological map and rock unit discrimination of the area, using digital image processing techniques. The satellite digital data comprise Landsat-7 and SPOT-5 are

People living in Spiti river basin, located in the north-eastern part of Himachal Pradesh, depend heavily on seasonal snow and glacier melt for their water requirements. The basin is more susceptible to climate change, as it indicates a higher rise in temperature than other parts of Himachal Pradesh. This work assesses glaciers' current health and projects future changes under RCP 4.5 and RCP 8.5 (Representative

Highly detailed topographic surveying at minimal cost and effort has always been one of the developing areas of scientific interest. Image-based remote sensing solutions using unmanned aerial systems (UAS) and structure from motion (SfM) with multi-view stereo (MVS) photogrammetry are the latest automation and advancement in surveying engineering that provides high-resolution topographic data. Although

Crop coefficient (Kc) represents the actual crop growth of the crop. It plays an important role in estimating water requirements at the different growth stages of the crop. However, FAO 56 Penman–Monteith Kc method does not account for spatial heterogeneity and uncertainty for regional climatic conditions significantly. Therefore, this study aims to develop the relation between Kc and normalized difference

This study estimates water volume variations in the Fontaine des Gazelles Dam in the province of Biskra using high-, medium-, and low-resolution digital elevation models (DEMs). The water surface was extracted using NDWI, and the volume of storage was obtained using the water elevation and spatial analysis. The results obtained in comparison with Peng equation show that there exists a significant change

Over the data sparse oceanic region, ocean surface winds from scatterometers on-board satellites play a crucial role to make accurate Numerical Weather Prediction model-based analysis. In the present study, ocean surface winds derived from the recently launched SCATSAT-1 for the year 2017 over the Indian Ocean are validated against the winds from the Moored and RAMA buoys. The validation results for

The present study is an attempt toward the quantification of the impact of climate and land-use change on the hydrological prospect of the Kangshabati river basin of West Bengal. The study also simulates runoff characteristics as a response to hypothetical climatic scenarios. The scope of the study involves, first, to quantify the relative contribution of climate change and land-use change to runoff

Unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs) are modern tool for various scientific research areas such as agriculture, disaster management, mining and surveying. Among them, remote sensing is utilizing UAVs to acquire high-resolution digital images of ground surface. In remote sensing and photogrammetric operations, the geometric quality of the imagery basically depends on the relation between pixel size and the

Andaman and Nicobar islands with vast variety of mostly endangered coral species are witnessing gradual coral bleaching. The present study focussed on temporal monitoring of various corals disposition along with impact of bleaching in two (North Reef and North Sentinel) islands of Andaman and Nicobar during the year 2010 and 2019. Floating algae index (FAI) and turbidity mapping was performed to evaluate

Shoreline change analysis of Selangor was studied from Landsat satellite multispectral images taken during the years 1990–2015 and was analyzed using the digital shoreline analysis system technique. The results show that almost 51% of the total analyzed shoreline length experienced erosion. By comparing the average erosion rate between 5 coastal districts of Selangor, Kuala Selangor recorded the highest

Hydrochemistry, sources of ions, identification of pollution hotspot, and potability of groundwater in shallow and deep aquifers of Palakkad and Chittur taluks (area = 1875 km2) of Bharathapuzha river basin, the largest river basin in Kerala, India, are discussed in this paper. The study area belongs to one of the rice bowls of the State. Geologically, the study area consists of Archaean crystallines

Fine particulate matter (PM2.5) has a considerable impact on the environment, climate change, and human health. Herein, we introduce a deep neural network model for deriving ground-level, hourly PM2.5 concentrations by Himawari-8 aerosol optical depth, meteorological variables, and land cover information. A total of 151,726 records were collected from 313 ground-level PM2.5 monitoring stations (spread

Evapotranspiration (ET) is an indispensable component of earth surface energy exchange studies and forms basis for various environmental applications. The present study attempts to estimate Landsat-8 satellite-based spatial distribution of crop ET using Operational Simplified Surface Energy Balance (SSEBop) model and validate through ET estimated using multilevel micrometeorological tower-based Bowen

The catchments of Rishiganga and then Dhauliganga valleys in the Chamoli district of Uttarakhand were impacted by a catastrophic flood triggered due to a massive rockslide, caused by wedge failure on 7th February, 2021. It is estimated that the massive rockslide of ~ 23 million cubic meter volume containing base rock, deposited ice, and snow got detached from the northern slopes of the Trishul mountain

There is enormous scope and prospective of crop yield prediction at finer scale for both farm-level crop management as well as for crop insurance settlement at gram panchayat (GP) level in India. Now with the advent of satellite sensors like the MSI from Sentilnel-2 with fine spatial resolution, the possibility of generating frequent information on crop condition at field scale is increasing. This

Estimation of mineral quantity with the presence of dry and green vegetation at pixel level is a challenging task in hyperspectral image analysis. A multiple linear regression model was trained to remove the effect of vegetation at pixel level in Hyperion image. The main diagnostic absorption features of the minerals in the study area are in 900, 2160, 2200, 2235 nm of the VNIR spectrum. In this study