The coexistence of Zn-Pb deposits and oil/gas reservoirs demonstrates that a close genetic link between them. The Nanmushu is a large Mississippi Valley-Type (MVT) Zn-Pb deposit discovered on the northern margin of the Yangtze block in recent years. The deposit is hosted in the Ediacaran Dengying Formation dolostone, accompanied by large amount of bitumen in the orebodies. The MVT Zn-Pb deposit overlaps

Central Alborz Metallogenic Belt is a major mineral province of northern Iran placed at the northern margin of the Arabia-Eurasia collision zone. This study aimed to at recognition the affiliation between reverse/thrust faults and Pb-Zn carbonate-hosted mineral deposition using fractal modeling. Thrusting is the major mechanism of faulting in this region in terms of length, frequency and density. The

The Benue Trough of Nigeria is an intracratonic rift basin hosting several vein-type base metal deposits. The Akiri Cu ± (Ag) deposit represents a distinct sub-class of sediment-hosted Pb-Zn-Cu-Ba mineralization found throughout the Benue Trough. The deposit is hosted in bleached red beds of the Keana Formation and in shale-siltstones and carbonates of the Ezeaku Formation in the Middle Benue Trough

This study is carried out for delineation of the Tepeoba porphyry-skarn Cu-Mo±Au mineralized zones at the Biga peninsula (NW Turkey) using the concentration–volume (C-V) fractal model. The power-law C-V relationships of Cu, Mo, and Au reveal five mineralized zones of Cu, three zones of Mo, and five zones for gold in the Tepeoba deposit. The main phase of the mineralization has average ore grades of

In the mining complex of KherzetYoucef, including the Chaabet-el-Hamra mine and processing plant, chemical analyzes were carried out on soil and sediment samples and exceeded the normative guidelines for zinc, lead, and cadmium except a small area in the foothills. X-ray diffractometer analyzes confirmed the presence of a considerable inclusion of sulfides (up to 20%), such as pyrite, marcasite (FeS2)

Many abandoned mine sites in Cornwall, UK, are characterised by elevated concentrations of arsenic (As), which can cause contamination of surrounding soil and water resources. These sites have important historical value that requires access to be maintained, despite exposure of humans to toxins that may lead to health issues including hyperpigmentation keratosis (including skin cancers) and liver fibrosis

Geothermal fields distributed in the southern Tibet Plateau rifts such as Yangbajing - Dangxiong basin, and the Yaluzangbu suture are characterized by intensive hydrothermal activity and high enrichment of trace elements (e.g., Li, Rb, Cs, B and Br) in geothermal springs. However, the origin of these elements and their enrichment mechanisms in those geothermal waters remain unclear. This study presents

Petrographic, SEM, and EPMA analyses are used to study the micro-textures and mineralogical composition of samples collected by a TV-grab from the 26°S SMAR (southern Mid-Atlantic Ridge) hydrothermal field. The investigated samples include the outermost chimney walls and sulfide debris. Isocubanite-chalcopyrite intergrowths are the major Cu-Fe sulfide phase in the chimney wall samples. These intergrowths

The Jiuyishan complex located at Hunan Province, Jiuyishan district, South China, is composed of five granitic plutons (Xuehuading, Jinjiling, Pangxiemu, Shaziling and Xishan). The Zhengchong Li-Rb-Cs deposit is a greisen-type deposit hosted by the Jinjiling granite, adjacent to the Pangxiemu granitic pluton. Based on textures, three types of greisen may be distinguished at Zhengchong: medium-grained

Early Cenozoic magmatism in the eastern Sakarya Zone (NE Turkey) provides an important constraint on the regional tectono-magmatic evolution of the region. Early Eocene syn-collisional adakitic rocks are observed as small stocks with outcropping areas commonly less than 10 km2. This study presents petrography, whole-rock geochemistry and Sr-Nd-Pb isotope data, as well as in-situ 40Ar/39Ar age constraints

Trace elements distribution, including rare earth elements (REEs), in stream sediments of an abandoned U mining site in the Eastern Carpathians, Romania, were of high concern of interest in the present work. A total number of 40 riverbed sediments samples collected from the Bistricioara River and local tributaries (Primatar, Bradul, Prisacani, Barasau, Grintiesul Mare and Valea Seaca) were analyzed

Several machine learning approaches have been developed for the identification of geochemical populations. In these approaches, the geochemical elements are usually the sole quantitative variables used as inputs for geochemical population recognition. This means that the presence of other qualitative variables, such as geological information, is overlooked in the analysis. Hierarchical clustering,

The Montaña de Manganeso is a manganese vein-type deposit spatially associated with back-arc basin remnants of the Guerrero tectonostratigraphic terrane. The study of major- and trace-element geochemical characteristics of the deposit provides insight into the controls on ore-forming processes within the area. The deposit is characterized by low Co, Cu and Ni abundances, and high Ba (>10000 ppm) contents

Pyrite bio-oxidation can improve the gold leaching extent of refractory gold ores, but it can also cause environmental pollution. In this work, common gangue minerals (feldspar, mica, and quartz) were studied to analyze their solubilization under industrial bio-oxidation condition and their effects on pyrite bio-oxidation. The results show that: They all have certain solubilization under bio-oxidation

Stable potassium isotopes are one of the emerging non-traditional isotope systems enabled in recent years by the advance of Multi-Collector Inductively-Coupled-Plasma Mass-Spectrometry (MC-ICP-MS). In this review, we first summarize the geochemical and cosmochemical properties of K, its major reservoirs, and the analytical methods of K isotopes. Following this, we review recent literature on K isotope

The metavolcanic suites from southern Bundelkhand Craton, India provides a comprehensive record of the little-explored evolutionary history of Southern Bundelkhand Craton. The present work is a detailed petrological and geochemical account of the metavolcanics to (i) constrain the mantle processes and tectonic realm involved in its genesis and (ii) evaluate the Archean geodynamics of Bundelkhand Craton

Geochemical investigations of till is a widely used method in metal exploration as the till commonly inherits the geochemical signature (including the metal contents) of the parent bedrock. In this investigation, over 2000 till samples were collected in the Sarvlaxviken area, southern Finland, where several polymetallic (Cu, Zn, Pb, As, Sn, W and In) veins recently have been discovered in Proterozoic

Southern Mexico is a key area for unraveling the tectonic evolution of North America because it contains the stratigraphic and structural record of the major tectonic events that shaped this continental mass, such as the breakup of Pangea and the growth of the North America Cordilleran Orogeny. However, multiple reactivations of faults and erosion of the stratigraphic record do not permit to adequately

This work seeks to understand the role of hydrolyzed rice husk in pyrite bio-oxidation. Solution parameters during the bio-oxidation process were monitored, and the bio-oxidation residues were characterized by Scanning Electron Microscopy, Raman Spectroscopy, and Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy. Results showed that rice husk mainly affected pyrite bio-oxidation by promoting microbial reproduction

In this study, a new flotation approach, a low-alkaline and non-desliming process, was introduced for improving lead and zinc recoveries, lowering production cost and reducing environmental pollution. Lab-scale experiments results show that the new process contributed to the flotation of the complex mixed sulfide-oxide lead and zinc ore regarding two aspects: (1) High alkaline process (pH=12±) was

The Urucum area of Brazil hosts a series of Cryogenian ironstones intercalated by oxide-dominated manganese layers. The Urucum iron and manganese formations (IF-MnF) are among the largest sedimentary iron and associated manganese deposits of the Neoproterozoic, however, the depositional model and the source of metals for the IF-MnF in this area are highly controversial. In this study, we performed

Ophiolites are widespread across the Anatolian plate and formed during the closure of different branches of the Neotethys ocean. The Tekirova ophiolite, situated in the Antalya ophiolite nappes in Southwest Anatolia, originated in the southern branch of the Neotethys. The former ophiolite consists of mantle and crustal sequences, in which, it is predominantly crosscut by the isolated diabasic dikes

The occurrence of Lower Paleozoic mafic magmatic rocks in the Central Iberian Zone (CIZ) of the Variscan Orogen is rare. Amphibolites and metagabbros embedded in the metasediments of the Douro-Beiras Supergroup outcrop at Farminhão, Viseu (central-north Portugal). The protoliths of these two rock types are tholeiitic. They present different isotopic ratios (εNd480 = +4.63 to + 4.93 and +5.74 to +7

The distribution of gold in the weathering blanket at the Belikombone gold prospect in east Cameroon provides insights into gold mobility in the secondary environment and in tropical terrains worldwide. Both gridline-controlled sampling of topsoil (surface samples) and sampling of various layers in pits are used and the gold assay for each sample determined by NiS fire assay with ICP-AES finish. One

A large, euhedral crystal of fluorapatite (ca. 19.5 × 20.0 mm) from the Panasqueira tin-tungsten deposit (Portugal) was investigated in terms of the distribution of trace elements by using several microanalytical techniques. The studied material represents almost pure fluorapatite with minor amounts of other cations (mainly Sr, Mn, REE and Fe), OH and Cl. Particular interest was given to the distribution

The tin-greisens of the Rondonia Tin Province, Brazil, are related with the intrusion of a 995−975 Ma evolved rapakivi granite suite interpreted as post-collisional with respect to the Grenvillian orogeny during assembly of Rodinia. Lithium-iron mica (‘zinnwaldite’) is the main mineral in late- to post-magmatic and ore stages of such greisens, and has the potential of being a recorder of the mineralization

The Mangalwar Complex of the Aravalli craton is marked by the presence of late Paleoproterozoic granites referred to as Anjana Granite and Amet Granite. These granites occur as 1.64 Ga old plutons intruding greenstone sequences and migmatitic gneisses of Mangalwar Complex which comprises parts of BGC of the Aravalli craton. In the present contribution major, trace and REE data of these granites along

Northwestern Anatolia is characterized by voluminous Paleozoic to Cenozoic granitoid bodies with varying compositions. Most of them are composite plutons emplaced into western Anatolia orogenic crust during the Eocene, Oligocene and Miocene along the İzmir-Ankara-Erzincan suture zone. This paper reports systematic good quality mineral and bulk-rock chemistry, Sr-Nd isotope data, honblend Ar-Ar, zircon

Although antimony (Sb) and arsenic (As) exhibit similar geochemical behavior and toxicity in the environment, growing evidence suggests that their water–rock interaction behavior in contaminated rivers is quite different. Twenty-nine river water samples were collected between September and November 2018 from contaminated rivers around an antimony mine in Hunan Province, China. The concentrations of

Composition of terrestrial planets records planetary accretion, core–mantle and crust–mantle differentiation, and surface processes. Here we compare the compositional models of Earth and Mars to reveal their characteristics and formation processes. Earth and Mars are equally enriched in refractory elements (1.9 × CI), although Earth is more volatile-depleted and less oxidized than Mars. Their chemical

In this study, we assessed the co-precipitation of selenate (SeO42−) with gypsum (CaSO4·2H2O) in controlled laboratory experiments. Batch testing was used to quantify the ability of CaSO4·2H2O to co-precipitate dissolved SeO42− over a range of dissolved SeO42−-Se concentrations (0–50 mg/L) and under slightly acidic (pH ∼5.5–6.1) and oxic (Eh ∼416−501 mV) conditions. Aqueous samples were analyzed using

Ceres, a nearly 1000-km diameter body located in the Solar System’s main asteroid belt, has been classified under many categories: planet, comet, asteroid, minor planet and, presently, dwarf planet. No matter what the designation, Ceres has experienced major planetary processes. Its evolution has been controlled by water, making it a most unusual, interesting and accessible inner Solar System object

Marine ferromanganese nodules and crusts containing Mn, Cu, Ni and Co in the most promising resource-grade concentrations and quantities, together with Fe and Zn (all elements of biogeochemical importance) are found far from land on the deep seafloor of the Pacific Ocean. The biogeochemical, chemical and physical mechanisms contributing to their formation, distribution, abundance and – for these six

Fe and Cu skarn deposits constitute the most important skarn type worldwide, whereas the controlling factors that lead to the difference in metal associations remain not well known. The Fe- and Cu-hosting Tieshan complex in the Edong district provides a good opportunity for comparative study on the genetic differences between Fe and Cu skarn deposits. In this study, integrated studies of geochronology

Over exploitation for agricultural activities and consumption has depleted the groundwater resources of drought-prone northeast Mexico. Major ion concentrations along with δ18OH2O, δ2HH2O and d-excess values of shallow groundwater from the Cieneguilla Basin (near Tula) located at a distance of ∼200 km from coast of the Gulf of Mexico helped to contribute new data about drought vulnerability in this

The magma ocean concept was first conceived to explain the geology of the Moon, but hemispherical or global oceans of silicate melt could be a widespread “lava world” phase of rocky planet accretion, and could persist on planets on short-period orbits around other stars. The formation and crystallization of magma oceans could be a defining stage in the assembly of a core, origin of a crust, initiation

For the first time, a new ordered double carbonate, BaFe(CO3)2, was synthesized by a solid-state reaction between BaCO3 and FeCO3 at high pressure-temperature conditions (PT; 3 GPa and 700 °C). This finding adds a new so-far unknown member to the group of norsethite-structured carbonates, which is often used as a geochemical analogue for dolomite. Thermogravimetric (TG) analysis and differential scanning

The Lower Triassic Buntsandstein in Central Germany comprises one of the major clastic, lithified hydrocarbon reservoirs, it is a major groundwater aquifer and it is considered as a potential underground gas storage lithology. Thus, sandstones of the Buntsandstein from Thuringia and NE Hesse were used to analyse their geochemical composition combined with mineralogical data in order to investigate

The Natitingou area within the Atacora Structural Unit (ASU) of the Pan-African Dahomeyide orogenic belt, northwestern Bénin, is characterized by the monocyclic metasedimentary formations, amphibolites and orthogneisses which belong to the Internal zone of the belt. Representative samples of these different gold-bearing rocks have been analyzed geochemically to determine their petrogenesis, mode of

Tropospheric ozone (O3) acts as greenhouse gas and air pollutant. Over the last 100 years, tropospheric O3 levels increased above background by factor 2.5 in the northern hemisphere and by factor 3–4 across Europe. The gas poses a potential risk to forest ecosystems in many mountain areas. There, O3 concentrations result from long-range transport and are influenced by removal processes (dry deposition

The origin of ferroan A-type granites in anorogenic tectonic settings remains a long-standing petrological puzzle. The proposed models range from extreme fractional crystallization of mantle-derived magmas to partial melting of crustal rocks, or involve combination of both. In this study, we apply whole-rock chemical and Sm-Nd isotopic compositions and thermodynamically constrained modeling (Magma

This research aims to take the effect of drainage sediment dilution into consideration by using catchment weighted-bulk leachable extractable gold (CW-BLEG) data in order to enhance and recognize Au anomalies. As a case study, an area in the Eskisehir region in Western Turkey was selected. In this area, gold-bearing crystalline quartz veins, of probable orogenic type, containing up to 20 g/t Au, occur

The Ghansura Rhyolite Dome of the Bathani volcano-sedimentary sequence in eastern India originated from a subvolcanic felsic magma chamber that was intruded by volatile-rich basaltic magma during its evolution leading to the formation of a porphyritic andesite. The porphyritic andesite consists of rapakivi feldspars, which are characterized by phenocrysts of alkali feldspar mantled by plagioclase rims

We report the textures, mineralogy and mineral chemistry of the Mukundpura matrix component, a clast-bearing, brecciated, new CM2 carbonaceous chondrite. Like other CMs, Mukundpura is matrix-enriched and has experienced different degrees of aqueous alteration with evidences of fracturing and compaction of clasts due to the impact. A few relict chondrule clasts and CAIs (diopside and spinel) survived

Mafic microgranular enclaves (MMEs) in host granitoids can provide important constraints on the deep magmatic processes. The Oligocene-Miocene granitoid plutons of the NW Anatolia contain abundant MMEs. This paper presents new hornblende Ar-Ar ages and whole-rock chemical and Sr-Nd isotope data of the MMEs from these granitic rocks. Petrographically, the MMEs are finer-grained than their host granites

The large-scale Bayanbaolege Ag polymetallic deposit is situated in the Tuquan–Linxi Fe-Sn-Cu-Pb-Zn-Ag metallogenic sub-belt in eastern slopes of the southern Great Xing’an Range, NE China. The sulfide-quartz vein-type orebodies in the deposit are hosted primarily in the Early Cretaceous granodiorite porphyry and Late Permian strata. Three primary paragenetic stages of veining have been identified:

The dramatic decline in aqueous Ni concentrations in the Archean oceans during the Great Oxygenation Event is evident in declining solid phase Ni concentrations in Banded Iron Formations (BIFs) at the time. Several experiments have been performed to identify the main removal mechanisms of Ni from seawater into BIFs, whereby adsorption of Ni onto ferrihydrites has shown to be an efficient process. Ni

A suite of mafic pyroxenite xenoliths and clinopyroxene megacrysts was brought to the surface by Cenozoic nephelinites of the Jbel Saghro Volcanic Field (Anti-Atlas, Morocco). The large population of samples was subdivided into five groups: (i) clinopyroxenites sensu stricto; (ii) olivine clinopyroxenites; (iii) mica-bearing clinopyroxenites; (iv) kaersutite-bearing clinopyroxenites; (v) clinopyroxene

Groundwater pollution is a major global environmental issue especially in the large cities and trace metals are considered as most important aquatic pollutants. The present study is based on the measurement and characterization of various physicochemical parameters (pH, EC, TDS, DO, alkalinity, hardness, and chloride), major cations (Ca, Mg, Na and K) and selected trace metals (Sr, Li, Fe, Zn, Cu,

The granites are exposed at Dubair and Shang respectively in the north and south of Besham, northern Pakistan. The two exposures are very similar in terms of field features, petrographic details, petrogenetically important geochemical parameters and, more importantly, crystallization temperatures and ages. All this strongly suggests that granites at the two locations are co-genetic and represent two

The western Qinling orogen (WQO) is one of the most important prospective gold provinces in China. The Maanqiao gold deposit, located on the southern margin of the Shangdan suture, is a representative gold deposit in the WQO. The Maanqiao deposit is hosted by the metasedimentary rocks of the Upper Devonian Tongyusi Formation. The EW-trending brittle-ductile shear zone controls the orebodies; they occur

An intrusive granitoid pluton into TTG-Dharwar Supergroup greenstone sequence is being reported for the first time from the Dharwar Foreland region. Based on field and petrographic characteristics, these granitoids are classified as - quartz-monzodiorites and granites. Occasional mafic bodies of dioritic-granodioritic composition with size ranging from small microgranular magmatic enclaves to bodies

Serpentinites in the Eastern Desert of Egypt are the most distinctive lithological unit in the Arabian–Nubian Shield (ANS) ophiolite sequence which associated with major suture zones. Khor Um-Safi (KUS) serpentinites represent dismembered fragments of ophiolitic rocks located in the central Eastern Desert (CED) of Egypt. KUS serpentinites exhibit affinity to the typical metamorphic peridotites with

The widespread records of mafic intrusives (both sills and dykes) are reported from the Proterozoic sedimentary basins of the Indian Shield. Amongst them, the Bijawar basin is also intruded by Paleoproterozoic (ca. 1.98−1.97 Ga) mafic sills. We provide first hand information on petrological and geochemical characteristics of these mafic sills together with a few NW-trending mafic dykes belong to the

Sanandaj-Sirjan Zone (SaSZ) is one of the most dynamic structural zones of Iran, which is divided into three main parts: Northern, Central and Southern. The northern SaSZ has been affected by deformation due to fault activities near the Zagros suture zone, and mylonitic structures have overprinted these rocks and was affected by three episodes of magma injection during the Permian-Carboniferous, Early

Aubrites are achondritic meteorites (enstatite pyroxenites) that were formed in highly reduced magmatic environments on a differentiated parent body sharing a common oxygen isotope reservoir with enstatite chondrites (EC), Earth and Moon, and could be considered as a geochemical model of the early proto-Earth. Some pyroxenes of the Pesyanoe aubrite have high abundance of gaseous inclusions, captured