The study of the Late Cretaceous-Cenozoic uplift and tectonic evolution of the Northwestern Guangxi area in the Youjiang Basin is relevant for understanding the origin and preservation of hydrothermal deposits with ore-hosting potential. Apatite fission-track dating and time-temperature thermal history modelling were performed using six rock samples from the study area. The ages were found to range

This work provides an overview of the geological, petrological, and geochemical data available on the three volcanic-hosted massive sulfides (VHMS) deposits (Ghisi, Biskhan, and Jangaldehri) in Betul Belt, Central Indian Tectonic Zone. Sulfur isotope geochemistry was used for the first time from the Betul belt to constrain the source of sulfur for a better understanding of the ore genesis process.

Effluents from leather tanneries and other small-scale industries have caused groundwater contamination in one of the biggest industrial centers (i.e. Vellore) of south India. This study evaluated quality of 70 different open and tube wells for consumption and health risks by collecting groundwater samples in four different seasons between 2017-2018. We compared physicochemical parameters of the groundwater

Groundwater is the major source of drinking in coastal areas and the gradual decline in its quality is a major concern. The present study was aimed to evaluate the groundwater quality and its deterioration in coastal aquifer in the Udupi district of Karnataka state (southwest India) by studying the hydrogeochemical characteristics and salinization processes. We collected 49 groundwater samples from

Mass balance calculation is a fundamental approach in geosciences. In petrology and geochemistry, it is widely used for quantitative characterization of phase transition and mass transfer. In a routine petrological practice, this method is commonly used to calculate proportions of the minerals formed from initial or parental bulk composition, or to quantify the reaction coefficients for minerals involved

We investigate the temporal variations in stable carbon and oxygen and radiogenic Sr isotope as well as rare earth element contents of Akkaya travertine deposits in the Eskipazar region, northwest Turkey. U-Th age data indicate that studied travertines in the periphery of the 1944-earthquake rupture of the North Anatolian Fault Zone formed in a time span of 93 to 1.8 ka BP. The younger group is represented

The ultramafic complex in Sukinda hosts the largest chromite deposit of India and weathering of these ultramafic rocks is recognised as the source of Cr(VI) in different water resources of this region. This paper presents the geochemical characteristics of mine water, surface water and groundwater in order to understand the processes governing the water quality. Water is mildly oxidizing (Eh: 12.3-245

We present here a review of the characteristics of CR carbonaceous chondrite meteorites. Over the past three decades, our knowledge and understanding of the scientific value of the CR chondrites have increased dramatically, as more samples from cold and hot deserts have become available for analysis. Based on a variety of compositional, mineralogical, isotopic, and spectroscopic studies, we have come

The Yalguaraz Cu - (Mo) porphyry deposit, genetically linked to the early Permian magmatism (279.9 ± 3.2 Ma), is located at the eastern margin of the Andean Frontal Cordillera of Argentina, 15 km north of the Permian San Jorge Cu porphyry deposit. The geochemistry of this Gondwanan metal-bearing magmatism reveals an arc affinity and an adakite-like signature. The petrogenetic analysis of these rocks

The main mineralogical characteristics of a large light-colored clast within the Murchison CM breccia are discussed in detail including data on the mineralogy, bulk chemistry, organics, and oxygen isotopes. Petrographic study shows that the white clast consists of two areas with different granoblastic textures: (1) a coarse-grained (average grain size: ∼200 μm) and (2) a fine-grained lithology (average

We report on the mineralogy, petrography, and in situ oxygen isotopic composition of twenty-five ultrarefractory calcium-aluminum-rich inclusions (UR CAIs) in CM2, CR2, CH3.0, CV3.1–3.6, CO3.0–3.6, MAC 88107 (CO3.1-like), and Acfer 094 (C3.0 ungrouped) carbonaceous chondrites. The UR CAIs studied are typically small, < 100 μm in size, and contain, sometimes dominated by, Zr-, Sc-, and Y-rich minerals

Calcium-aluminum-rich inclusions (CAIs) are the oldest Solar System solids dated that formed by evaporation, condensation, aggregation and, sometimes, melting processes near the protoSun, and were subsequently dispersed throughout the protoplanetary disk by still poorly-understood mechanism(s). Here we report on the discovery of disk- and bowl-shaped centimeter-sized igneous CAIs in CV (Vigarano type)

Due to their common occurrence in various types of chondrites, igneous rims formed on pre-existing chondrules throughout chondrule-forming regions of the solar nebula. Although the peak temperatures are thought to reach similar values to those achieved during chondrule formation events, the heating duration in chondrule rim formation has not been well defined. We determined the two-dimensional chemical

Quantifying the amounts of various igneous lithologies in Vesta’s crust allows the estimation of petrologic ratios that describe the asteroid’s global differentiation and subsequent magmatic history. The eucrite:diogenite (Euc:Diog) ratio measures the relative proportions of mafic and ultramafic components. The intrusive:extrusive (I:E) ratio assesses the effectiveness of magma ascent and eruption

On July 10, 2018 at 21:29 UT extended areas of South-Western Germany were illuminated by a very bright bolide. This fireball was recorded by instruments of the European Fireball Network (EN). The records enabled complex and precise description of this event including the prediction of the impact area. So far six meteorites totaling about 1.23 kg have been found in the predicted location for a given

Primitive CO3.00–3.1 chondrites contain ∼2-8 vol.% magnetite, minor troilite and accessory carbide and chromite; some CO3.1 chondrites have fayalite-rich veins, chondrule rims and euhedral matrix grains. All CO3.00–3.1 chondrites contain little metallic Fe-Ni (0.4–1.2 vol.%). CO3.2–3.7 chondrites contain 1–5 vol.% metallic Fe-Ni, minor troilite, accessory chromite and 0-0.6 vol.% magnetite. Magnetite

Grossite (CaAl4O7) is one of the one of the first minerals predicted to condense from a gas of solar composition, and therefore could have recorded isotopic compositions of reservoirs during the earliest stages of the Solar System evolution. Grossite-bearing Ca,Al-rich inclusions (CAIs) are a relatively rare type of refractory inclusions in most carbonaceous chondrite groups, except CHs, where they

For the bulk rocks of CI chondrites, various values are given for the modal abundance of matrix (95–100 vol%) and the accompanying mineral constituents. Here, we have determined the modal abundance of phases >5 μm in the CI chondrites Orgueil, Ivuna, Alais, and Tonk. Considering this cut-off grain-size to distinguish between matrix and coarse-grained constituents, then, we find the modal abundance

We report new mineralogical, petrographic and noble gas analyses of the carbonaceous chondrite meteorites Y-82162 (C1/2ung), Y-980115 (CI1), Y-86029 (CI1), Y-86720 (C2ung), Y-86789 (C2ung), and B-7904 (C2ung). Combining our results with literature data we show that these meteorites experienced varying degrees of aqueous alteration followed by short-lived thermal metamorphism at temperatures of >500 °C

Although acapulcoites and lodranites played a key role in understanding partial differentiation of asteroids, the lack of samples of the chondritic precursor limits our understanding of the processes that formed these meteorites. Grove Mountains (GRV) 020043 is a type 4 chondrite, with abundant, well-delineated, pyroxene-rich chondrules with an average diameter of 690 μm, microcrystalline mesostasis

Northwest Africa (NWA) 12379 is a new metal-rich chondrite with unique characteristics distinguishing it from all previously described meteorites. It contains high Fe,Ni-metal content (∼ 70 vol.%) and completely lacks interchondrule matrix; these characteristics are typical only for metal-rich carbonaceous (CH and CB) and G chondrites. However, chondrule sizes (60 to 1200 μm; mean = 370 μm), their

Roaldite – Fe4N – has been identified in the São Julião de Moreira iron meteorite using electron backscatter diffraction (EBSD) and simultaneously acquired energy-dispersive x-ray spectroscopy (EDS). Mean-periodic-number images derived from raw EBSD patterns confirm this phase by an even higher spatial resolution compared to EDS. Roaldite appears in the form of systematically and repetitively aligned

We have studied the evaporation of Na, K and Mn from Al-Na-K- and Mn-rich silicates at various conditions. Total alkali oxide contents ranged from 5 to 20%. The evaporation rate of Na increases with temperature and decreasing oxygen fugacity and decreases with duration of heating. The loss of K is in all cases less pronounced than for Na. Heating in an evacuated vacuum furnace is more effective in

Ureilite meteorites contain iron silicide minerals including suessite (Fe,Ni)3Si, hapkeite (Fe2Si) and xifengite (Fe5Si3). Despite occurring mostly in brecciated varieties presumed to be derived from the regolith of the ureilite parent asteroid, suessite has also been confirmed in one lithology of a dimict ureilite (NWA 1241). In contrast, Si-bearing Fe-metals occur in both brecciated and unbrecciated

Space weathering by micrometeoroid bombardment is a cosmic phenomenon on atmosphere-free celestial bodies, a process that is expected to particularly overprint planetesimals and cosmic dust in debris discs. We reproduced micrometeoroid impact craters by femtosecond pulsed laser irradiation on oriented enstatite single crystals (En93Fs7) to investigate the deformation behavior and its orientation dependence

Shock-induced Ti-rich melt pockets in a basaltic eucrite Northwest Africa (NWA) 8003 were studied using scanning and transmission electron microscopy. Unique mineral assemblages consisting of clinopyroxene, ilmenite, vestaite, corundum, and kyanite are observed. Among them, vestaite and corundum in NWA 8003 are first reported to occur in eucrite meteorites. Petrographic and chemical evidences indicate

A coordinated mineralogical and oxygen isotopic study of four fine-grained calcium-, aluminum-rich inclusions (CAIs) from the ALHA77307 CO3.0 carbonaceous chondrite was conducted. Three of the inclusions studied, 05, 1-65, and 2-119, all have nodular structures that represent three major groups, melilite-rich, spinel-rich, and hibonite-rich, based on their primary core mineral assemblages. A condensation

The Moon is thought to have formed after a planetary embryo, known as Theia, collided with the proto-Earth 4.5 billion years ago. This so-called Giant Impact was the last major event during Earth’s accretion, and its effects on the composition of the Earth and the newly forming Moon would be measureable today. Recent work on lunar samples has revealed that the Moon’s water was not lost as a result

Discovered by Rudolph L. Mössbauer in 1957, the Mössbauer effect (i.e. gamma-resonance spectroscopy) is the phenomenon of the emission or absorption of a gamma ray without loss of energy due to recoil of the nucleus and without thermal broadening. This technique has been applied to many science fields (e.g., physics, chemistry, geology, biology), since it provides information about the nuclear and

Pollution risk assessment is an important task for sustainable management of groundwater resources. In this pilot study, we demarcated areas of different pollution vulnerabilities within the Vattamalaikarai River Basin (ca.435 km2) of south India using the DRASTIC index and involving the combined geospatial techniques of remote sensing, geographical information system and global positioning system

Identification of complex processes controlling the groundwater chemistry and the indexing of urban groundwater for drinking were carried out with special emphasis on health risk associated with nitrate contamination in the urban areas of Nagpur City in western India. The hydrochemical facies of forty-seven samples collected from shallow aquifers were of Ca–HCO3 and mixed Ca–Na–HCO3 type indicating

This study evaluated the status of deteriorating water quality around the Vembanad Lake of Kerala State in India. A total of 40 water samples from lake (L, n = 5), river (R, n = 6), open well (W, n = 26), and bore well (BW, n = 9) and were analysed for major ions as per the APHA methods. Different concentrations of Ca (10–190 mg/L), Mg (2–220 mg/L), Na (10–216 mg/L), K (2–50 mg/L), HCO3 (20–400 mg/L)

A hydrochemical study on the coastal aquifers were collected initiated to determine the factors affecting the groundwater chemistry in South India. 48 groundwater samples from bore wells during post monsoon period. The samples were measured for in situ parameters and major ions following the standard procedures. The analyzed results were further interpreted using geochemical plots, ionic ratios, water

We review some issues relevant to volatile element chemistry during accretion of the Earth with an emphasis on historical development of ideas during the past century and on issues we think are important. These ideas and issues include the following: (1) whether or not the Earth accreted hot and the geochemical evidence for high temperatures during its formation, (2) some chemical consequences of the

Secondary fluorescence near phase boundaries is typically a minor error in electron probe microanalysis (EPMA) but it may be not negligible when analyzing for a trace/minor element in a phase next to another phase containing the element of interest. The apparent concentration due to secondary fluorescence can be calculated by assuming a phase pair separated by a planar boundary, but this approach may

Xinle City is located in the upper reaches of the Daqing River basin, north China. Influenced by intense and extensive industrial and agricultural activities, sodium and nitrate pollution of the groundwater is becoming more and more serious in the study area. With an effort to quantitatively describe the present situation of groundwater and analyze the specific sources of the main ingredients, 32 well

Groundwater is essential to secure the safety of water supply in the Ordos basin, China. In this study, 35 groundwater samples were collected from part of the Dingbian County, a significant part of the Ordos energy base in China, and were analyzed for 17 physicochemical parameters. The health risk was quantified through the model recommended by the United States Environmental Protection Agency (USEPA)

The stratiform, stratabound Tappehsorkh Zn-Pb (±Ag-Ba) deposit, located in the southeastern part of the Malayer-Esfahan Metallogenic Belt of Iran, formed during Lower Cretaceous back-arc extension. Sulfide mineralization occurs within dolostone, black siltstone, and crystal lithic tuff and andesite associated with the Gushfil-Baghabrisham synsedimentary normal fault. Three sulfide ore facies (massive

The groundwater of the Western Bengal basin is found to be polluted by various non-point sourced contaminants. A significant increase in anthropogenic activities subsequently affects water quality. This study is the first attempt to evaluate the groundwater vulnerability to pesticide pollution due to anthropogenic activities across the Western Bengal basin. Pesticide concentration of 141 wells for

The Jalal Abad magmatic rocks are located at the southeastern edge of the Kashmar-Kerman tectonic zone, which includes Cadomian magmatic rocks and sedimentary strata intruded by several Silurian alkaline plutons and associated dikes. They have typical alkaline kaersutite and alkaline to per-alkaline pyroxene and are characterized geochemically by enrichment in LREE, Nb and Ta, and high concentrations

Petrographic and geochemical studies characterize lithologies of the Khambal Formation deposited in the Sindreth Basin as arkosic, subarkosic, and quartzarenite. Weathering indices, such as CIA and CIW in conjunction with the ACNK diagram, prescribe mostly moderate chemical weathering with intermittent pulses of extreme weathering in the source area. The discrimination diagrams suggest that these Neoproterozoic

The authors present the results of high resolution chemical studies of snow cover from pits and cores along the ice flow lines from Ridge B to Lake Vostok across its southern (profile VFL) and northern (profile NVFL) parts. The sampling was performed between 2006–2013 during the seasonal 52nd–57th Russian Antarctic expeditions (RAE). Chemical signals of non-sea-salt sulphates and an analysis of the

The Burdur Saline Lake Basin is semi-closed and it is situated in the southwest of Turkey. This saline and highly alkaline lake has a tectonic origin. Alluvium represents the most important aquifer and other aquifer is granular and karstic in nature. In the present study, we collected 35 groundwater samples and analyzed them to characterize the groundwater chemistry and investigate hydrogeochemical

This paper reviews the chemical composition of 12 Antarctic lakes at offshore Russian stations in the period of seasonal work 55 and 58 RAE (Russian Antarctic Expedition) in December-January 2009–2010 and 2013–2014. Results of hydrochemical analyses of lake water, as well as their classification by ion composition, organic matter content, and mineralization, are presented in this paper. Low-level content

Protection and management of groundwater resources depends on full understanding of the processes controlling the groundwater chemistry and associated health risks. In view of this, the rural part of Wanaparthy district, Telangana State, India was chosen for the present study and the groundwater samples collected from there were chemically analyzed. Quality of groundwater is of alkaline nature and

The present study, through a multi model assessment approach emphasizes the relevance of prior urban settlement planning with respect to the changing land use pattern. A coupled approach integrating satellite data products of Land Use and Land Cover (LULC) change along with chemical evaluation of As toxicity were modelled to evaluate the groundwater vulnerability. Change detection analysis was incorporated

The South China Sea (SCS) is the largest marginal sea of the Western Pacific and is located in the low-latitude of the world. The Site 1143 of the Ocean Drilling Program (ODP) Leg 184 in the southern South China Sea provides continuous sedimentary records from late Miocene to Holocene. To better understand the evolution of climate, paleo-productivity and the source of sediments during the 6.0–0.8 Ma

Major, trace, rare earth elements and 13C isotope results of sediments collected up to the depth of 150 m below ground level (m bgl) have been interpreted in relation to the provenance, weathering and deposition conditions of a multi layered sedimentary formation of Pondicherry region located in East Coast of India. The samples fall in the coarse to medium grain size range (mean Mz: 0.29–1.32) and

Fluorine is an important element and its quantification in various environmental samples is necessary for assessing its impact on human health. An in situ current normalized Particle Induced Gamma-ray Emission (PIGE) method was applied for total fluorine concentration determination to study the vertical variation in the sediment samples collected from two different geographic regions of India. One

Hydrogeochemical diagrams are powerful tools facilitating hydrogeochemical research, among which Piper diagram, Gibbs diagrams, USSL diagram, Wilcox diagram and PI classification diagram are widely applied. However, it is usually tedious and time-consuming to draw these diagrams, not only because of the complex procedures to treat input data, but also due to the different software used. It is always

Contamination of fluoride in drinking water affects human health, and its reduction is essential for the safe utilization of groundwater for domestic and agricultural uses. Groundwater in the ephemeral (monsoonal) Shanmuganadhi River basin, situated at rain shadow of the Western Ghats (south India), is indiscriminately utilized for rural water supply and agricultural activities. Fluoride contamination

Sedimentary strata contain a unique record of environmental and climatic changes in Central Antarctica over the past 20–30 Ma and their sampling and study is of utmost importance. The lake beneath Vostok Station (thickness of water layer) is estimated as 600 m and sediment thickness as less than a few hundred meters. Strict environmental safety requirements preclude the use of conventional drilling

In this study, by using ion chromatography, we analyzed the chemical composition of snow deposited in 1976–2012 at three sites within the Indian Ocean sector of East Antarctica (VK-55, SW-42, and PV-10) to establish the relationships between the formation of the chemical composition of snow and varying mechanisms of atmospheric circulation. Dating of samples was carried out on the basis of sulphate

The groundwater of Telangana province is well known for its very high fluoride concentration. The main aim of this review is to assess the fluoride contamination, understand the spatial distribution pattern and also evaluate the potential human health risk for adults and children in the Telangana. Fluoride contamination in groundwater is the principal threat to public health in Telangana state in India

Uranium (U) contamination has been widely found in groundwater and greatly threatens human health. The present study investigated U removal from aqueous solution using a permeable reactive barrier (PRB) with hydroxyapatite as a reactive material under appropriate conditions. Different-size hydroxyapatites were loaded to quartz sand and the mineral composition of the composite materials was identified

Wakefieldite-(Ce,La) and vanadinite in coarse-grained calciocarbonatites (sövites) are for the first time reported from the northeastern part of the worldwide largest fluorite deposit at the Amba Dongar carbonatite ring dike, India. Sövite in this part of the carbonatite ring dike is rich in pyrochlore, calcite and magnetite. Pyrochlore makes up almost 50% of some sövite samples and shows core-to-rim

Sixty-one groundwater samples collected from the hard rock terrain of Nanganur region in South India, were evaluated for hydrogeochemistry as well as groundwater quality for drinking and irrigation purposes. Additionally, the probabilistic non-carcinogenic human health risks associated with fluoride and nitrate concentrations were assessed using the US Environmental Protection Agency (USEPA) mathematical

The geological structure of the Berkha Island is a high-level biogenic buildup – a reef massif. It is a paragenetic facies combination including a reef plateau, a reef core, a buttress, a forereef and pinnacles. The development of this reef massif continued for about 30 Ma. The reef growth started in the Late Visean with formation of mud bank and vanished in the Late Bashkirian with formation of solitary