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Broadband Source Model of the 2023 Mw 7.8 Türkiye Earthquake from Strong‐Motion Records by Isochrone Backprojection and Empirical Green’s Function Method Seismol. Res. Lett. (IF 3.3) Pub Date : 2024-03-01 Toshimi Satoh
The 2023 Mw 7.8 Türkiye earthquake caused severe damage in near‐fault regions. The broadband source model, which is important for predicting strong motions in near‐fault regions, was estimated. First, high‐frequency (3–10 Hz) source imaging was performed through isochrone backprojection using near‐field strong‐motion records. Four segments were set, consisting of three segments along the East Anatolian
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Fault Coalescence, Slip Distribution, and Stress Drop of the February 2023 Southeast Türkiye Earthquakes from Joint Inversion of SAR, GNSS, and Burst Overlap Interferometry Seismol. Res. Lett. (IF 3.3) Pub Date : 2024-03-01 Yohai Magen, Gidon Baer, Alon Ziv, Asaf Inbal, Ran N. Nof, Yariv Hamiel, Oksana Piatibratova, Gökhan Gürbüz
Two devastating earthquakes struck southeastern Türkiye and northwestern Syria on 6 February 2023: an Mw 7.8 mainshock, followed 9 hr later by an Mw 7.6 aftershock. To recover and separate the subsurface geometry and slip distributions along the two earthquake faults, we jointly invert Interferometric Synthetic Aperture Radar, Synthetic Aperture Radar pixel offset tracking, burst overlap interferometry
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Structural Heterogeneity Controlled Rupture Process of the 2021 Mw 7.1 Fukushima, Japan, Earthquake Revealed by Joint Inversion of Seismic and Geodetic Data Seismol. Res. Lett. (IF 3.3) Pub Date : 2024-03-01 Yuyang Tan, Ning Gu, Huilin Xing, Yong Zhang, Zongwei Jin, Sibo Hua, Jianchao Wang, Mutian Qin, Shuo Pang, Sanzhong Li
We determined the rupture model of the 2021 Mw 7.1 Fukushima earthquake near northeastern Japan in this study and adopted this model to investigate the cause of this earthquake and its aftershocks. The rupture model was obtained through joint inversion of teleseismic, strong‐motion and geodetic data. It is shown that the slips were predominantly distributed on the southwest side of the earthquake epicenter
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Interseismic Coupling–Based Stochastic Slip Modeling of the 1920 Ms 8.5 Haiyuan Earthquake Seismol. Res. Lett. (IF 3.3) Pub Date : 2024-03-01 Yanchuan Li, Xinjian Shan, Zhiyu Gao, Chunyan Qu
The 1920 Ms 8.5 Haiyuan earthquake was the largest rupture in China in the twentieth century; however, the coseismic slip characteristics that provide insight into fault kinematics and future seismic hazards are unknown. In this study, we employed stochastic slip modeling to explore plausible slip distributions for this earthquake, incorporating different geodetic fault coupling models as prior constraints
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Research Catalog of Inland Seismicity in the Southern Korean Peninsula from 2012 to 2021 Using Deep Learning Techniques Seismol. Res. Lett. (IF 3.3) Pub Date : 2024-03-01 Jongwon Han, Keun Joo Seo, Seongryong Kim, Dong‐Hoon Sheen, Donghun Lee, Ah‐Hyun Byun
A seismicity catalog spanning 2012–2021 is proposed for the inland and near‐coastal areas of the southern Korean Peninsula (SKP). Using deep learning (DL) techniques combined with conventional methods, we developed an integrated framework for compiling a comprehensive seismicity catalog. The proposed DL‐based framework allowed us to process, within a week, a large volume of data (spanning 10 yr) collected
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Earthquake Rupture Forecast Model Construction for the 2023 U.S. 50‐State National Seismic Hazard Model Update: Central and Eastern U.S. Fault‐Based Source Model Seismol. Res. Lett. (IF 3.3) Pub Date : 2024-03-01 Allison M. Shumway, Mark D. Petersen, Peter M. Powers, Gabriel Toro, Jason M. Altekruse, Julie A. Herrick, Kenneth S. Rukstales, Jessica A. Thompson Jobe, Alexandra E. Hatem, Demi L. Girot
As part of the U.S. Geological Survey’s 2023 50‐State National Seismic Hazard Model (NSHM), we make modest revisions and additions to the central and eastern U.S. (CEUS) fault‐based seismic source model that result in locally substantial hazard changes. The CEUS fault‐based source model was last updated as part of the 2014 NSHM and considered new information from the Seismic Source Characterization
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BPMF: A Backprojection and Matched‐Filtering Workflow for Automated Earthquake Detection and Location Seismol. Res. Lett. (IF 3.3) Pub Date : 2024-03-01 Eric Beaucé, William B. Frank, Léonard Seydoux, Piero Poli, Nathan Groebner, Robert D. van der Hilst, Michel Campillo
We introduce BPMF (backprojection and matched filtering)—a complete and fully automated workflow designed for earthquake detection and location, and distributed in a Python package. This workflow enables the creation of comprehensive earthquake catalogs with low magnitudes of completeness using no or little prior knowledge of the study region. BPMF uses the seismic wavefield backprojection method to
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Nearly Simultaneous Pairs and Triplets of Historical Destructive Earthquakes with Distant Epicenters in the Italian Apennines Seismol. Res. Lett. (IF 3.3) Pub Date : 2024-03-01 Paolo Galli
Historical seismic catalogs of Italy record several instances of pairs or triplets of large earthquakes (Mw>6.7) along the Apennine chain, occurring on the same date or within a short time frame (days or weeks). Some of these events have mesoseismic areas tens of kilometers apart and/or seismogenic structures located more than 1–3 times the fault length away. Although in the case of aligned and/or
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2023 In Recognition Seismol. Res. Lett. (IF 3.3) Pub Date : 2024-03-01
SSA would like to acknowledge the following individuals for their service as peer reviewers during 2023. As experts in our field, these volunteers provide valuable insight and constructive feedback to our authors. Thank you to each of you for your time and support of our journals. Your contributions are a critical element that ensures SSA continues to publish the highest quality research and helps
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Tectonic Duets: Self‐Similar Approach to Investigate Eastern Anatolian Fault’s Recent Seismicity, with Special Emphasis on the 6 February 2023 Earthquake Doublet Seismol. Res. Lett. (IF 3.3) Pub Date : 2024-03-01 Haritha Chandriyan, Paresh Nath Singha Roy
Earthquake clusters possess profound potential for discerning antecedent seismic cues. This study examines the self‐similarity of earthquakes to characterize recent seismic patterns in the prolonged quiescent Eastern Anatolian fault zone (EAFZ). We thoroughly investigate the correlation fractal dimension (Dc) formulated upon the scale‐invariant relative clustering in earthquake pattern identification
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Application of GK17 Ground‐Motion Model to Preliminary Processed Turkish Ground‐Motion Recordings Dataset and GK Model Adjustment to the Turkish Environment by Developing Partially Nonergodic Model Seismol. Res. Lett. (IF 3.3) Pub Date : 2024-03-01 Vladimir Graizer
The global ergodic GK17 (Graizer, 2018) ground‐motion model developed using the Next Generation Attenuation‐West2 database (Ancheta et al., 2014) for the active crustal regions (ACRs) was applied to the dataset of recordings from the two largest moment magnitude Mw 7.8 and 7.5 earthquakes in Türkiye (Buckreis et al., 2023a). The GK17 model demonstrates acceptable performance while mostly underpredicting
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Duration Characteristics of Strong Ground Motions Recorded during the 6 February 2023 M 7.8 Pazarcık, Kahramanmaraş, Türkiye, Earthquake Seismol. Res. Lett. (IF 3.3) Pub Date : 2024-03-01 Alaa Elsaid, Kemal Onder Cetin
The seismograms recorded at a total of 71 strong ground‐motion stations (SGMS) located within 100 km of the fault rupture were used to investigate the durational variability observed during the 6 February 2023 M 7.8 Pazarcık, Kahramanmaraş, Türkiye, earthquake. More specifically, significant duration (D) and equivalent number of uniform stress cycles (N) estimated using these accelerograms were compared
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Calibration of the Local Magnitude Scale (ML) for Eastern Cuba Seismol. Res. Lett. (IF 3.3) Pub Date : 2024-03-01 Eduardo R. Diez Zaldivar, Denis Sandron, Manuel Cutie Mustelier
Calibration of the local magnitude scale to match local tectonics is a key element in the development of research leading to seismic risk assessment and quantification of seismicity in active regions. In this study, we developed a local magnitude scale for the southeastern region of Cuba—the part of the island exposed to the greatest seismic hazard due to its proximity to the Oriente fault system.
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Earthquakes Parameters from Citizen Testimonies: A Retrospective Analysis of EMSC Database Seismol. Res. Lett. (IF 3.3) Pub Date : 2024-03-01 Gianfranco Vannucci, Paolo Gasperini, Laura Gulia, Barbara Lolli
We aim to compute macroseismic parameters (location and magnitude) using the BOXER code for the first time on the citizen testimonies, that is, individual intensity data points (IDPs) at the global scale collected and made available by the LastQuake system of the European–Mediterranean Seismological Centre (EMSC). IDPs available for different earthquakes are selected to eliminate those that are geographically
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The Difficult Balance among Scientific, Technical, and Political Issues in Seismic Hazard Assessment Seismol. Res. Lett. (IF 3.3) Pub Date : 2024-03-01 Dario Albarello, Roberto Paolucci
Scientific and technical communities are in charge for providing political authorities, based on sound information and authoritative considerations, plausible seismic hazard estimates to be translated into prescriptions and guidelines to be adopted by citizens and stakeholders. However, this ideal flow presents several problems, hampering the development of such a simple and rational pathway. As a
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Preface for the Focus Section on the 6 February 2023, Kahramanmaraş, Türkiye, Earthquakes Seismol. Res. Lett. (IF 3.3) Pub Date : 2024-03-01 Kemal Onder Cetin, Erol Kalkan, Aysegul Askan, Marco Bohnhoff, Semih Ergintav, Ali Özgün Konca, Tuncay Taymaz, Yeşim Çubuk Sabuncu, Zeynep Gulerce
The Pazarcik and Ekinozu earthquakes in Kahramanmaras, Türkiye, with moment magnitudes M7.8 and 7.6 (U.S. Geological Survey), occurred on 6 February 2023 in southeastern Türkiye, on the East Anatolian fault zone (EAFZ), at local times of 04:17 and 13:24, respectively. The moment tensor solution indicates that both events were characterized by purely left‐lateral strike‐slip movements. The fault rupture
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The 2023 Mw 7.8 and 7.6 Earthquake Doublet in Southeast Türkiye: Coseismic and Early Postseismic Deformation, Faulting Model, and Potential Seismic Hazard Seismol. Res. Lett. (IF 3.3) Pub Date : 2024-03-01 Lang Xu, Yosuke Aoki, Jiaqing Wang, Yan Cui, Qiang Chen, Yinghui Yang, Zhibo Yao
On 6 February 2023, Mw 7.8 and 7.6 earthquakes struck southeast Türkiye and northwest Syria. They are the largest earthquakes in Türkiye in over 80 yr, causing significant damage and fatalities. We used Advanced Land Observation Satellite‐2 and Sentinel‐1 Synthetic Aperture Radar images to obtain near‐field coseismic displacements by Differential Interferometric Synthetic Aperture Radar (DInSAR) and
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Coseismic Deformation of the 2023 Türkiye Earthquake Doublet from Sentinel‐1 InSAR and Implications for Earthquake Hazard Seismol. Res. Lett. (IF 3.3) Pub Date : 2024-03-01 Xiaopeng Tong, Yongzhe Wang, Shi Chen
The 6 February 2023 Türkiye earthquake doublet occurred on the east Anatolian fault system, which marks the tectonic boundary between the Arabia plate and the Anatolian microplate. This earthquake doublet consists of the Mw 7.8 Pazarcik earthquake along the east Anatolian fault and the Mw 7.6 Çardak earthquake along the Savrun–Çardak fault. Sentinel‐1 Interferometric Synthetic Aperture Radar (InSAR)
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The Role of Stress Transfer in Rupture Nucleation and Inhibition in the 2023 Kahramanmaraş, Türkiye, Sequence, and a One‐Year Earthquake Forecast Seismol. Res. Lett. (IF 3.3) Pub Date : 2024-03-01 Shinji Toda, Ross S. Stein
We probe the interaction of large earthquakes on the East Anatolian fault zone, site of four Mw ≥ 6.8 events since 2020. We find that the 2023 Mw 7.8 Pazarcık shock promoted the Mw 7.7 Elbistan earthquake 9 hr later, largely through unclamping of the epicentral patch of the future rupture. Epicentral unclamping is also documented in the 1987 Superstition Hills, 1997 Kagoshima, and 2019 Ridgecrest sequences
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New Baseline Correction Method for Near‐Fault Ground‐Motion Records Based on Continuous Wavelet Transform Seismol. Res. Lett. (IF 3.3) Pub Date : 2024-03-01 Hongwu Yang, Yingmin Li, Lei Hu, Weihao Pan, Shuyan Ji
On 6 February 2023, a magnitude 7.8 earthquake struck south‐central Türkiye. It was followed by many aftershocks, the largest of which was a magnitude 7.5 aftershock. This earthquake caused considerable loss of life and property. Numerous near‐fault ground‐motion records were collected during the 2023 Türkiye earthquake. Most existing baseline correction methods for near‐fault ground motions disregard
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Can Geometrical Barrier Explain the Mw 7.8 Earthquake in Southern Türkiye on February 2023? Seismol. Res. Lett. (IF 3.3) Pub Date : 2024-03-01 Amir Sagy, Doron Morad, Vladimir Lyakhovsky
Two large‐magnitude earthquakes hit southern Türkiye on February 2023. The first, Mw 7.8 strike‐slip earthquake generated a rupture of 300 km section along the ∼600 km long East Anatolian fault (EAF). Here, we present an analytical solution using perturbation theory for the static stress field near the EAF induced by the fault geometry and the tectonic loading before these earthquakes. By applying
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2023 Earthquake Doublet in Türkiye Reveals the Complexities of the East Anatolian Fault Zone: Insights from Aftershock Patterns and Moment Tensor Solutions Seismol. Res. Lett. (IF 3.3) Pub Date : 2024-03-01 Sezim Ezgi Güvercin
The East Anatolian Fault Zone (EAFZ) is a 700‐km‐long left‐lateral transform fault system along the boundary between the Anatolian and Arabian plates. In the interseismic period, the eastern segments of the EAFZ display relatively uniform seismic activity, whereas the western segments exhibit seismic gaps, localized clusters, and extensive diffuse zones. Hence, our understanding of the geometry and
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Geospatial Liquefaction Modeling of the 2023 Türkiye Earthquake Sequence by an Ensemble of Global, Continental, Regional, and Event‐Specific Models Seismol. Res. Lett. (IF 3.3) Pub Date : 2024-03-01 Adel Asadi, Christina Sanon, Elife Cakir, Weiwei Zhan, Hooman Shirzadi, Laurie Gaskins Baise, Kemal Onder Cetin, Babak Moaveni
A global geospatial liquefaction model (GGLM‐2017) was previously developed (Zhu et al., 2017) using logistic regression (LR) and is currently used by the U.S. Geological Survey as the preferred liquefaction model to map liquefaction probability immediately after the occurrence of earthquake events. This research proposes an ensemble modeling approach to improve the performance of the GGLM‐2017 for
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Unraveling the Preparatory Processes of the 2023 Mw 7.8–7.6 Kahramanmaraş Earthquake Doublet Seismol. Res. Lett. (IF 3.3) Pub Date : 2024-03-01 Fengling Yin, Changsheng Jiang
Within a span of 9 hr on 6 February 2023, two significant earthquakes, with magnitudes of Mw 7.8 and 7.6, struck the southeastern part of Türkiye and the northern region of Syria, resulting in significant casualties and widespread economic losses. The occurrence of such intense earthquakes in rapid succession on adjacent faults, especially within a highly complex intraplate region with a multifault
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Induced or Natural? Toward Rapid Expert Assessment, with Application to the Mw 5.2 Peace River Earthquake Sequence Seismol. Res. Lett. (IF 3.3) Pub Date : 2024-03-01 Rebecca O. Salvage, David W. Eaton, Carolyn M. Furlong, Jan Dettmer, Per K. Pedersen
Based on information available at the time, several questionnaire‐based schemes have been developed to provide a qualitative assessment of whether a specific earthquake (or earthquake sequence) was likely induced by anthropogenic activities or is inferred to be natural. From a pragmatic perspective, the value of this assessment is arguably the greatest in the immediate aftermath of an event (hours
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Induced Seismicity Forecasting with Uncertainty Quantification: Application to the Groningen Gas Field Seismol. Res. Lett. (IF 3.3) Pub Date : 2024-03-01 Hojjat Kaveh, Pau Batlle, Mateo Acosta, Pranav Kulkarni, Stephen J. Bourne, Jean Philippe Avouac
Reservoir operations for gas extraction, fluid disposal, carbon dioxide storage, or geothermal energy production are capable of inducing seismicity. Modeling tools exist for seismicity forecasting using operational data, but the computational costs and uncertainty quantification (UQ) pose challenges. We address this issue in the context of seismicity induced by gas production from the Groningen gas
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Evaluation of Station Performance of the Indonesian Seismic Network Using the Primary Location Parameter Seismol. Res. Lett. (IF 3.3) Pub Date : 2024-03-01 Nanang T. Puspito, Bambang S. Prayitno, Andri D. Nugraha, David P. Sahara, Dian Kusumawati, Zulfakriza Zulfakriza, Shindy Rosalia, Daryono Daryono, Nova Heryandoko, Ajat Sudrajat, Pepen Supendi, Suko P. Adi, Dwikorita Karnawati
Indonesia’s tectonic setting has resulted in a high level of seismic activity, which makes seismic networks and early warning systems vital for this country. Indonesia’s seismic stations, a total of 411 stations in 2021, are maintained by the Meteorological, Climatological, and Geophysical Agency (BMKG). This study attempts to evaluate station performance, because these are crucial in monitoring seismic
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Seismotectonics of the Querétaro Region (Central Mexico) and the 1934 MI 4.8 Earthquake North of Celaya Seismol. Res. Lett. (IF 3.3) Pub Date : 2024-03-01 Max Suter, Lucero Morelos‐Rodríguez
The Querétaro region (central Mexico) is located in the trans‐Mexican volcanic belt, an active volcanic arc related to the subduction of oceanic plates along the Pacific margin of Mexico. It is characterized by north–south‐striking normal faults of the southern Basin and Range Province, up to 40 km long and with morphologically pronounced scarps, such as the San Miguel de Allende fault and the faults
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An Efficient Transfer Learning‐Based OBS Seismic Phase Picker (OBSPD) Trained on Cascadia Subduction Zone Earthquake Dataset Seismol. Res. Lett. (IF 3.3) Pub Date : 2024-03-01 Zhangbao Cheng, Yen Joe Tan, Fan Zhang, Pengcheng Zhou, Jian Lin, Jinyu Tian, Xubo Zhang, Caicai Zha
Earthquake monitoring and many seismological studies depend on seismic phase arrivals. Thus, detecting seismic events and picking the phase arrival times are fundamentally important. In the recent years, seismic phase picking models based on deep learning approaches have been widely developed. These deep learning models can achieve better performances than traditional phase picking methods and improve
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Sequencing Seismic Noise Correlations for Improving Surface Wave Retrieval and Characterizing Noise Sources Seismol. Res. Lett. (IF 3.3) Pub Date : 2024-03-01 Hongjian Fang
Cross‐correlating continuous seismic data is a commonly employed technique to extract coherent signals to image and monitor the subsurface. However, due largely to site effects and poorly characterized noise sources in oceanic environments, its application to ocean‐bottom seismometer (OBS) recordings often requires additional processing. In this contribution, we propose a method to improve the quality
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Seismic T Phases in the Western‐Central Mediterranean: Source of Seismic Hazard? Seismol. Res. Lett. (IF 3.3) Pub Date : 2024-03-01 Mariagrazia De Caro, Caterina Montuori, Francesco Frugoni, Stephen Monna, Alessandra Giuntini
The Algerian offshore earthquake of 18 March 2021, Mw 6.0, was felt by people in various Italian regions, also at large epicentral distance. This unusual human perception far from the source prompted us to analyze the waveforms recorded by land seismic stations installed along the Iberian, French, and Italian coasts. On some seismograms of the selected network, prominent T phases are detected. T waves
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ShakeMap Atlas 4.0 and AtlasCat: An Archive of the Recent and the Historical Earthquake ShakeMaps, and Impacts for Global Hazard Analyses and Loss Model Calibration Seismol. Res. Lett. (IF 3.3) Pub Date : 2024-03-01 Kristin D. Marano, Michael Hearne, Kishor S. Jaiswal, Eric M. Thompson, C. Bruce Worden, David J. Wald
Archival earthquake studies often focus on event and source characteristics for use in earthquake catalogs, seismotectonic understanding, and ground‐motion studies—many of these targeting better constraints for probabilistic seismic‐hazard analyses. The ShakeMap Atlas, in contrast, focuses on spatial distribution of shaking for the historical events, providing the best constraints at all locations
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Equivalent Near‐Field Corner Frequency Analysis of 3D Dynamic Rupture Simulations Reveals Dynamic Source Effects Seismol. Res. Lett. (IF 3.3) Pub Date : 2024-03-01 Nico Schliwa, Alice‐Agnes Gabriel
Dynamic rupture simulations generate synthetic waveforms that account for nonlinear source and path complexity. Here, we analyze millions of spatially dense waveforms from 3D dynamic rupture simulations in a novel way to illuminate the spectral fingerprints of earthquake physics. We define a Brune‐type equivalent near‐field corner frequency (fc) to analyze the spatial variability of ground‐motion
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Estimation of Site Effects and Equivalent Source Parameters of Wenchuan Earthquake Based on Generalized Chaotic Particle Inversion Technique Seismol. Res. Lett. (IF 3.3) Pub Date : 2024-03-01 Ke‐Lin Chen, Xue‐Liang Chen, Jing‐Yan Lan, Li‐Jun Qiu, Yi‐Ling Zhu
Based on the advantages of the chaos particle swarm optimization algorithm and the generalized inversion technology, this article estimates the source parameters and site effects of the Wenchuan earthquake. We used 440 sets of strong‐motion records obtained from 43 aftershocks, and the area covered by the records was divided into subregions A and B. Initial separation of source, path, and site from
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Improved Earthquake Clustering Using a Density‐Adaptive DBSCAN Algorithm: An Example from Iran Seismol. Res. Lett. (IF 3.3) Pub Date : 2024-03-01 Sina Sabermahani, Andrew W. Frederiksen
DBSCAN is a widely used unsupervised machine learning algorithm for clustering and spatial data analysis. However, the accuracy of the algorithm is highly dependent on the selection of its hyperparameters, minimum samples (Smin), the minimum number of points required to form a cluster, and ϵ, the maximum distance between points. In this study, we propose a modification to the DBSCAN algorithm by
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The Earthquake of 13 April 1850 near Ston, Croatia: Macroseismic Analyses Seismol. Res. Lett. (IF 3.3) Pub Date : 2024-03-01 Davorka Herak, Marijan Herak, Iva Vrkić
The earthquake that occurred near the city of Ston, Croatia, on 13 April 1850 is, together with the one from 1996, the strongest known event in the northwest part of the Dubrovnik epicentral area. This is the region with the highest seismic hazard in Croatia with a rich history of damaging earthquakes. Although listed in the relevant catalogs, this earthquake has never been addressed by a dedicated
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Compilation of a Comprehensive Earthquake Catalog and Relocations in the Caucasus Region Seismol. Res. Lett. (IF 3.3) Pub Date : 2024-03-01 Tea Godoladze, Rengin Gök, Tuna Onur, Irakli Gunia, Manana Dzmanashvili, Giorgi Boichenko, Albert Buzaladze, István Bondár, Lana Ratiani, Tinatin Rostomashvili, John Nabelek, Zurab Javakhishvili, Gurban Yetirmishli, Eric Sandvol, Filiz Tuba Kadirioğlu, Andrea Chiang
Instrumental seismic monitoring has a long history in the Caucasus and started in 1899 when the first seismograph was installed in Tbilisi, Georgia. Much of the analog paper records from this time period are preserved in the Tbilisi archives because Georgia served as the regional data center. In the 1990s, due to the collapse of the Soviet Union and the political turmoil in the region, the analog networks
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An Open‐Access Data Set of Active‐Source and Passive‐Wavefield DAS and Nodal Seismometer Measurements at the Newberry Florida Site Seismol. Res. Lett. (IF 3.3) Pub Date : 2024-03-01 Aser Abbas, Brady R. Cox, Khiem T. Tran, Isabella Corey, Nishkarsha Dawadi
This article documents a comprehensive subsurface imaging experiment using seismic waves in a well‐studied outdoor laboratory at Newberry, Florida, which is known for significant spatial variability, karstic voids, and underground anomalies. The experiment used approximately two kilometers of distributed acoustic sensing (DAS) fiber‐optic cable, forming a dense 2D array of 1920 horizontal‐component
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2023 Eastern Section SSA Annual Meeting Report 22–24 October 2023 Seismol. Res. Lett. (IF 3.3) Pub Date : 2024-03-01
The 95th Annual Meeting of the Eastern Section of the Seismological Society of America (ES‐SSA) was held on 22–24 October 2023. The meeting was held in person at Southern Methodist University (SMU) in Dallas, Texas. Just over 80 people registered for the meeting and attended oral sessions over two days (Fig. 1). We held six oral sessions with 35 presentations and had two blocks of time to view and
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Paleoseismic Earthquake Recurrence Interval Derivation for the 2022 Revision of the New Zealand National Seismic Hazard Model Seismol. Res. Lett. (IF 3.3) Pub Date : 2024-01-01 Genevieve L. Coffey, Chris Rollins, Russ J. Van Dissen, David A. Rhoades, Matthew C. Gerstenberger, Nicola J. Litchfield, Kiran K. S. Thingbaijam
Recurrence intervals of ground‐surface rupturing earthquakes are one of numerous datasets used to constrain the rates of fault ruptures in the 2022 revision of the New Zealand National Seismic Hazard Model (NZ NSHM 2022). Paleoearthquake timing and single‐event displacement (SED) data in the New Zealand Paleoseismic Site Database version 1.0 alongside geologic and geodetic slip rates from the New Zealand
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Multipath Transfer‐Function Correction Method to Predict Site‐Specific Amplification at City Scale Seismol. Res. Lett. (IF 3.3) Pub Date : 2024-01-01 Miroslav Hallo, Paolo Bergamo, Donat Fäh
The site‐specific amplification of seismic waves is an essential component of local seismic hazard assessment. It can be evaluated from empirical data, but measurements are feasible just in a limited number of locations. Hence, at the city scale, there is a need for the theoretical prediction and interpolation of the amplification. In this article, we introduce a physics‐based method to predict the
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Introduction to the BSSA Special Issue and SRL Focus Section on Seismic Hazard Models Seismol. Res. Lett. (IF 3.3) Pub Date : 2024-01-01 Matthew C. Gerstenberger, Allison L. Bent, P. Martin Mai, John Townend
The recent completion of a fundamental revision of the New Zealand National Seismic Hazard Model (New Zealand NSHM) provided the catalyst for a joint BSSA Special Issue and SRL Focus Section on seismic hazard models worldwide. The approaches to NSHMs in different locations are varied and driven by different expertise, different philosophies, different tectonic environments, and different needs of the
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SimplETAS: A Benchmark Earthquake Forecasting Model Suitable for Operational Purposes and Seismic Hazard Analysis Seismol. Res. Lett. (IF 3.3) Pub Date : 2024-01-01 Simone Mancini, Warner Marzocchi
The epidemic‐type aftershock sequence (ETAS) model is the most effective mathematical description of the short‐term space–time earthquake clustering. However, the use of such a model is sometimes hampered by the difficulty in estimating the high number of its unknown correlated parameters. Moreover, the most recent ETAS formulations introduce the space–time variability of some parameters that makes
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The New Zealand Paleoseismic Site Database, Version 1.0 Seismol. Res. Lett. (IF 3.3) Pub Date : 2024-01-01 Nicola J. Litchfield, Jade Humphrey, Regine Morgenstern, Robert M. Langridge, Genevieve L. Coffey, Russ J. Van Dissen
Site‐specific paleoseismic data are key datasets underpinning the parameterization of large (Mw∼7+) earthquakes on faults in seismic hazard models. For the New Zealand National Seismic Hazard Model 2022 Revision Project (NZ NSHM 2022), a new database, the NZ Paleoseismic Site Database (NZ PSDB), was developed that contains paleoseismic (slip rate, earthquake timings, recurrence interval [RI], and
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Fault Source Models Show Slip Rates Measured across the Width of the Entire Fault Zone Best Represent the Observed Seismicity of the Pallatanga–Puna Fault, Ecuador Seismol. Res. Lett. (IF 3.3) Pub Date : 2024-01-01 Nicolas Harrichhausen, Laurence Audin, Stéphane Baize, Kendra L. Johnson, Céline Beauval, Paul Jarrin, Léo Marconato, Frédérique Rolandone, Hervé Jomard, Jean‐Mathieu Nocquet, Alexandra Alvarado, Patricia A. Mothes
We explore how variation of slip rates in fault source models affect computed earthquake rates of the Pallatanga–Puna fault system in Ecuador. Determining which slip rates best represent fault‐zone seismicity is vital for use in probabilistic seismic hazard assessment (PSHA). However, given the variable spatial and temporal scales slip rates are measured over, significantly different rates can be observed
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Comparison of Ground‐Shaking Hazard for Segmented versus Multifault Earthquake‐Rupture Models in Aotearoa New Zealand Seismol. Res. Lett. (IF 3.3) Pub Date : 2024-01-01 Andy Howell, Andrew Nicol, Sanjay Bora, Matt Gerstenberger, Russ Van Dissen, Chris Chamberlain, Christopher J. DiCaprio, Chris Rollins, Mark Stirling, Oakley Jurgens, Bruce E. Shaw
Multifault ruptures are common for historical earthquakes, and here we consider their impact on seismic hazard. We compare ground‐shaking hazard forecasts from the 2022 Aotearoa New Zealand National Seismic Hazard Model (NZ NSHM 2022), which incorporates many multifault ruptures (referred to as the multifault model) with modeled hazard from a simpler model of characteristic earthquakes on individual
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Characterizing Deep, Shallow, and Surface Fault Zone Deformation of the 2021 Mw 7.4 Maduo, China, Earthquake Seismol. Res. Lett. (IF 3.3) Pub Date : 2024-01-01 Dezheng Zhao, Chunyan Qu, Roland Bürgmann, Xinjian Shan
Long‐term fault growth involves the evolution of fault zone architecture, structural maturity, and physical properties. Accurate characterization of these features is essential for improving the understanding of fault mechanics and earthquake hazards. Here, we integrate relocated aftershocks (Wang, Fang, et al., 2021), optical satellite imagery (Li et al., 2023), and field measurements (Yuan et al
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Reproducibility of Remote Mapping of the 2019 Ridgecrest Earthquake Surface Ruptures Seismol. Res. Lett. (IF 3.3) Pub Date : 2024-01-01 Elaine K. Young, Michael E. Oskin, Alba M. Rodriguez Padilla
We use multiple, independently produced surface‐rupture maps of the 2019 Ridgecrest earthquake sequence to test the reproducibility of surface‐rupture map interpretation and completeness. The 4 July Mw 6.4 and 5 July Mw 7.1 earthquakes produced surface‐rupture zones approximately 20 and 50 km in length, respectively. Three independent mappers with various backgrounds in active tectonics mapped the
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Investigating the Role of Fluids in the Source Parameters of the 2013–2014 Mw 5 Matese Seismic Sequence, Southern Italy Seismol. Res. Lett. (IF 3.3) Pub Date : 2024-01-01 Giovanna Calderoni, Luigi Improta, Rita Di Giovambattista
We investigate the variability of Brune stress drop (Δσ), apparent stress (τa), and Savage–Wood radiation efficiency (ηsw=τa/Δσ), in the 2013–2014 Mw 5.0 earthquake sequence that struck the Matese area in the southern Apennines range of Italy. The sequence is clustered in a relatively small crustal volume in the 13–22 km depth range, which is greater than that of background seismicity and normal‐faulting
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Repeating Large Earthquakes along the Mexican Subduction Zone Seismol. Res. Lett. (IF 3.3) Pub Date : 2024-01-01 Shri Krishna Singh, Raúl Daniel Corona‐Fernandez, Miguel Ángel Santoyo, Arturo Iglesias
Repeating large earthquakes (M ≥ 7), waveforms for which are nearly identical, have been identified only on the Mexican subduction thrust near Acapulco. These earthquakes occurred on 1962 (Ms 7.0) and 2021 (Ms 7.0, Mw 7.0). Here, we report on two more sequences of three repeating large earthquakes each in eastern and western Oaxaca, Mexico. The repeating earthquakes in eastern Oaxaca occurred on
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A New Statistical Perspective on Båth’s Law Seismol. Res. Lett. (IF 3.3) Pub Date : 2024-01-01 Christian Grimm, Sebastian Hainzl, Martin Käser, Helmut Küchenhoff
The empirical Båth’s law states that the average magnitude difference (ΔM) between a mainshock and its strongest aftershock is ∼1.2, independent of the size of the mainshock. Although this observation can generally be explained by a scaling of aftershock productivity with mainshock magnitude in combination with a Gutenberg–Richter frequency–magnitude distribution, estimates of ΔM may be preferable
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An Object Storage for Distributed Acoustic Sensing Seismol. Res. Lett. (IF 3.3) Pub Date : 2024-01-01 Yiyu Ni, Marine A. Denolle, Rob Fatland, Naomi Alterman, Bradley P. Lipovsky, Friedrich Knuth
Large‐scale processing and dissemination of distributed acoustic sensing (DAS) data are among the greatest computational challenges and opportunities of seismological research today. Current data formats and computing infrastructure are not well‐adapted or user‐friendly for large‐scale processing. We propose an innovative, cloud‐native solution for DAS seismology using the MinIO open‐source object
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A Foreign Geophysicist in Marrakesh during Morocco’s Largest Earthquake Seismol. Res. Lett. (IF 3.3) Pub Date : 2024-01-01 Cristian Farías
My first question was: “Is this really happening?”The shaking was very strong from the beginning, and I was not fully mentally prepared for that. Quickly, I stood up in the apartment I was in, on the second floor, told my colleagues to remain calm, and headed to the door to open it; the idea was to avoid being trapped inside. The four of us in the apartment made sure that nothing would fall on us,
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Combining Seismotectonic and Catalog‐Based 3D Models for Advanced Smoothed Seismicity Computations Seismol. Res. Lett. (IF 3.3) Pub Date : 2024-01-01 Claudia Pandolfi, Matteo Taroni, Rita de Nardis, Giusy Lavecchia, Aybige Akinci
The new generation seismic hazard maps use 3D seismotectonic fault models, which are more consistent with the actual nature of faults, whereas the classical models based on earthquake catalogs only utilize a 2D representation of the seismicity. Although the former provides more reliable information on seismogenic structures, the latter can deliver trustworthy seismicity rates easily. Therefore, it
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The ShakeMap Atlas of Historical Earthquakes in Italy: Configuration and Validation Seismol. Res. Lett. (IF 3.3) Pub Date : 2024-01-01 Ilaria Oliveti, Licia Faenza, Andrea Antonucci, Mario Locati, Andrea Rovida, Alberto Michelini
Italy has a long tradition of studies on the seismic history of the country and the neighboring areas. Several archives and databases dealing with historical earthquake data—primarily intensity data points—have been published and are constantly updated. Macroseismic fields of significant events are of foremost importance in assessing earthquake effects and for the evaluation of seismic hazards. Here
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Probabilistic Seismic Hazard Analysis for China Based on Bayesian Network Seismol. Res. Lett. (IF 3.3) Pub Date : 2024-01-01 Chang Liu, Da‐Gang Lu
Bayesian network (BN) has important applications in disaster risk analysis due to its unique causal structure and probabilistic characteristics. This research begins with a detailed introduction to probabilistic seismic hazard analysis (PSHA) for China, and the utilization of BN‐based modeling for seismic hazard and risk assessment. Subsequently, a comprehensive theoretical exposition of PSHA for China
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Expert Judgment in the 2022 Aotearoa New Zealand National Seismic Hazard Model Seismol. Res. Lett. (IF 3.3) Pub Date : 2024-01-01 Annemarie Christophersen, Matthew C. Gerstenberger
The 2022 revision of the New Zealand National Seismic Hazard Model—Te Tauira Matapae Pūmate Rū i Aotearoa (NZ NSHM 2022) is, like other regional and national seismic hazard models, a collection of many component models that are combined via logic trees to calculate various parameters of seismic hazard. Developing, selecting, and combining component models for the NZ NSHM 2022 requires expert judgment
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Calculation of National Seismic Hazard Models with Large Logic Trees: Application to the NZ NSHM 2022 Seismol. Res. Lett. (IF 3.3) Pub Date : 2024-01-01 Christopher J. DiCaprio, Chris B. Chamberlain, Sanjay S. Bora, Brendon A. Bradley, Matthew C. Gerstenberger, Anne M. Hulsey, Pablo Iturrieta, Marco Pagani, Michele Simionato
National‐scale seismic hazard models with large logic trees can be difficult to calculate using traditional seismic hazard software. To calculate the complete 2022 revision of the New Zealand National Seismic Hazard Model—Te Tauira Matapae Pūmate Rū i Aotearoa, including epistemic uncertainty, we have developed a method in which the calculation is broken into two separate stages. This method takes
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Impact of the Uncertainty in the Parameters of the Earthquake Occurrence Model on Loss Estimates of Urban Building Portfolios Seismol. Res. Lett. (IF 3.3) Pub Date : 2024-01-01 Alessandro Damiani, Valerio Poggi, Chiara Scaini, Mohsen Kohrangi, Paolo Bazzurro
Understanding the potential socioeconomic losses due to natural hazards, such as earthquakes, is of foremost importance in the field of catastrophe risk management. The construction of a probabilistic seismic risk model is complex and requires the tuning of several parameters essential to represent the seismic hazard of the region, the definition of the exposed inventory characteristics, and its vulnerability
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Characterization of Focal Mechanisms for Upper Crustal Distributed Seismicity in Aotearoa New Zealand Seismol. Res. Lett. (IF 3.3) Pub Date : 2024-01-01 Kiran Kumar Singh Thingbaijam, Mark S. Rattenbury, Russ J. Van Dissen, Matt C. Gerstenberger, John Ristau, Delphine D. Fitzenz
Applying distributed seismicity models for seismic hazard analysis requires postulating the styles of faulting and nodal planes for anticipated earthquakes. Here, we present a model describing focal mechanisms, or more specifically, strike, dip, and rake angles, for the ruptures of shallow (hypocentral depth ≤40 km) crustal earthquakes in Aotearoa New Zealand. This model is based on delineations of