Cardite, Zn5.5(AsO4)2(AsO3OH)(OH)3·3H2O, is a new secondary mineral from the Block 14 Opencut, Broken Hill, New South Wales, Australia. Cardite occurs as radiating sprays of acicular crystals to 0.09 mm in length associated with anglesite, pyromorphite and köttigite. The mineral is white to pinkish white and pale tan with a white streak. Crystals are translucent with a vitreous lustre. The tenacity

Utahite was first described in 1997 based mainly on powder X-ray diffraction data and electron microprobe data. No crystal structure was reported. The re-examination of utahite using single-crystal X-ray diffraction and electron microprobe analysis has shown that utahite contains essential Mg, along with Cu, Zn, Te, O and H. The missing MgO was originally attributed to additional H2O. The redefinition

Results of a microstructural study of spinel peridotite samples obtained from the Kraka massif in the Southern Urals, involving findings of Cr-spinel neomineralisations within intensive ductile deformed silicates (olivine and orthopyroxene), are presented. The new-formed Cr-spinel grains show different stages of syn-deformation growth as evidenced by investigations combining petrography, decorated

High-Cl amphiboles and micas were found in rocks of the Kusa-Kopan complex of the Middle Riphean layered ore-bearing (Ti, Fe, V) mafic intrusions in the Southern Urals, Russia. Chloro-hastingsite (3.30–4.57 wt% Cl) was found in garnet-bearing orthoamphibolite in the Medvedevsky massif. Compositions of Cl-rich (3.26–4.84 wt% Cl) amphibole from borehole # 2 of the Kusinsky massif located to the north

Several gabbro, gabbroic diorite, and diorite intrusions were emplaced in the Neotethyan Urumieh-Dokhtar magmatic arc in the Kahak area of the Zagros Orogen. The plutonic rocks intruded Cenozoic volcanic and pyroclastic succession. U-Pb dating via LA-ICP-MS of zircon yields early to middle Eocene ages of ~53 to 38 Ma for the diorite and gabbroic diorite in Veshnaveh and Naragh areas and Miocene ages

Euhedral andradite crystals were found in trachyandesitic (latitic) lavas of the volcanic Andahua Group (AG) in the Central Andes. The AG comprises around 150 volcanic centers, most of wich are monogenetic. The studied andradite is complexly zoned (enriched in Ca and Al in its core and mantle, and in Fe in this compositionally homogenous rim). The core-mantle regions contain inclusions of anhydrite

The Paleoproterozoic thermal evolution of the north-Indian continental margin is debatable as the Lesser Himalaya granites are interpreted either as a subduction-zone volcanic arc or rift-related magmatism during Columbia assembly or disintegration processes, respectively. Integrated mineralogical, geochemical investigations, temperature estimates from Ti solubility in biotite and zircon, and computational

The Qi191 Au deposit is a newly discovered granite-hosted Au deposit in the Qiyugou Au orefield, located in the southern margin of the North China Craton (NCC). Gold ore bodies are hosted by both the Qi191 hornblende monzogranite and the Taihua Complex and are composed of disseminations and sparse veins. K-feldspar, quartz-sericite, and sericite-chlorite alteration formed outward from the center to

The peak temperature and timescale of ultrahigh-temperature (UHT) metamorphism are significant for understanding its thermal budget and geodynamic evolution. The spinel-bearing (sapphirine-absent) UHT granulite at the Xuwujia area in the Jining complex, North China Craton was revealed to have undergone a metamorphic evolution that involves the pre-Tmax (maximum temperature) heating decompression to

Late Jurassic (~ 160 Ma) granitoids are widely distributed across the South China Block. These granitoids are mainly biotite granites, with subordinate amphibole-bearing and two-mica or muscovite-bearing granites. Previous studies have shown that a clear negative correlation exists between SiO2 and P2O5 contents in the amphibole-bearing, biotite, two-mica, and muscovite-bearing granites, and suggested

Nine different samples of fluorellestadite from Chelyabinsk, Kizel and Kuznetsk coal basins were studied by single-crystal X-ray diffraction analysis, thermal X-ray diffraction (25–800 °C), Infrared (IR) and Raman spectroscopy. Fluorellestadite is hexagonal, space group P63/m, the unit-cell parameters for the nine samples studied vary within rather small ranges: a = 9.415(5) – 9.4808(7) Å, c = 6.906(2)

New petrological, whole-rock geochemical, zircon U–Pb geochronological, and zircon Lu–Hf isotopic data have been reported for Early Cretaceous intrusive rocks in the Wulong region of the Liaodong Peninsula on the North China Craton. The zircon U-Pb chronology shows that the crystallization age of six groups of intrusive rocks from this region is 129–123 Myr ago. These intrusive rocks can be categorized

The Maguan (MG) region in the southwestern part of the South China Block contains many Neogene potassic basaltic volcanic rocks along the Ailao Shan–Red River (ASRR) shear zone. These alkaline volcanic rocks contain abundant peridotite xenoliths which are mostly spinel (Spl)-facies lherzolite. We examined xenoliths in young, ~12 Ma, alkaline basalts. Most contain clinopyroxene (Cpx), >15 vol%, and

The southwest Sabzevar basin situated in the Sabzevar zone is considered to be an attractive metallogenic province in Iran that hosts both volcanogenic massive sulfide (VMS) and stratiform manganese deposits. The Nudeh Besshi-type VMS deposit is located in the Lower Late Cretaceous volcano-sedimentary sequence. The ore mineralization in this deposit is hosted in the alkali olivine basalt flow and tuffaceous

Porphyry Cu-Au deposits (PCDs) have commonly multiphase porphyry intrusions, yet only one (or a few) of the intrusive phase is/are ore-causative. Understanding the criteria to form ore-causative porphyry is important for both ore deposit research and PCD exploration. At the giant Pulang PCD in western Yunnan, there are three generations of porphyries, i.e., (from oldest to youngest) the quartz diorite

Among placer diamond occurrences in Ukraine, a group of microdiamonds have been distinguished that have specific morphological, color and spectral characteristics, not observed in other natural diamonds. These diamonds, termed “Dniester–type diamonds”, have tetrahexahedroidal and rhombododecahedroidal morphologies, green coloration, and high concentrations of single–atom, unaggregated nitrogen in the

Carbonatites in the Fen intrusive complex (southern Norway) contain abundant burbankite (confirmed by Raman microspectroscopy) as inclusions in calcite, dolomite and, less commonly, fluorapatite and pyrochlore. Typically the inclusions occur in the core of calcite or dolomite grains relatively unaffected by subsolidus processes, and are associated with Fe-poor dolomite or Sr-rich calcite, respectively

Representative samples of high-Mg (picritic) rocks of Eocene to Oligocene age (38 to 21 Ma) from the České středohoří Mts. (CSM) in the Ohře/Eger Rift were studied and compared with Cenozoic high-Mg rocks from the Bohemian Massif. The picritic rocks of the CSM correspond to picrite, meimechite and basanite to tephrite. Individual petrographic types are characterised by the association of mafic minerals:

Natural occurrence of chrysotile, a rock-forming serpentine mineral, is largely associated with fluid-rich environments, thus making the fluid chemistry an important factor governing chrysotile growth and stability. Paper examines the effect of alkali chlorides, lowering the H2O activity in fluid, on chrysotile stability at high pressure. The behavior of natural chrysotile (Thetford) in the presence

Single crystals of SFCA-II with composition Ca2.46Fe3+8.57Fe2+0.52Al5.45O24 have been obtained from synthesis experiments in the temperature range between 1300 and 1200 °C. Diffraction experiments at ambient conditions yielded the following basic crystallographic data: space group P \( \overline{1} \), a = 10.3016(4) Å, b = 10.4656(4) Å, c = 17.9553(6) Å, α = 90.062(3), β = 89.977(3)°, γ = 109.510(3)°

We present an integrated study involving detailed field investigation, petrography, whole-rock geochemistry, Sr–Nd isotopic compositions, and zircon U–Pb–Hf isotopic compositions of Late Cretaceous granitoids and gabbroic diorites in the Shanba and Zongga plutons of the southern Lhasa subterrane, Tibet. We use the obtained data to assess the genetic relationship between the granitoids and gabbroic

The eastern Junggar Basin, controlled by continental extension (rift), was deposited by lacustrine dominated sediments during middle Permian Lucaogou period. An unusual porphyritic-like texture was observed in Lucaogou/Pingdiquan dark fine-grained organic-rich sediments in two sub-tectonic units in the basin. The “phenocrysts” are composed of two types of mineral assemblages. The first is a coarse

Several mafic-ultramafic layered intrusions were emplaced in the Fennoscandian Shield during wide-spread mantle-sourced magmatism at 2.5–2.4 Ga. The Näränkävaara intrusion (surface area 5 × 30 km2), northeastern Finland, contains a 1.5–2 km thick basal dunite (not dated), and a 1.5 km thick layered series (2436 ± 5 Ma). A newly discovered marginal series between the basal dunite and the layered series

Zircon from syenitic ejecta of Vesuvius (Campania, Italy) is unusually blue, a property shared with gem zircon from Ratanakiri province (Cambodia), which turns from natural reddish-brown to blue when heated under reducing conditions. Here, the origins of these unusual crystals were traced through geochronology, trace elements, and O-Hf isotopic compositions. The causes of its colour were investigated

A multi-methodological study was conducted in order to provide further insight into the structural and compositional complexity of rare earth element (REE) fluorcarbonates, with particular attention to their correct assignment to a mineral species. Polycrystals from La Pita Mine, Municipality de Maripí, Boyacá Department, Colombia, show syntaxic intergrowth of parisite–(Ce) with röntgenite–(Ce) and

Mesoproterozoic lamproite dykes occurring in the Banganapalle Lamproite Field of southern India show extensive hydrothermal alteration, but preserve fresh spinel, apatite and rutile in the groundmass. Spinels belong to three genetic populations. Spinels of the first population, which form crystal cores with overgrowth rims of later spinels, are Al-rich chromites derived from disaggregated mantle peridotite

Subduction of Neo-Tethys oceanic lithosphere beneath the Iranian plate during the Mesozoic formed several igneous bodies of ultramafic to intermediate and felsic composition. Intrusion of these magmas into a regional metamorphic sequence (the Sanandaj-Sirjan Zone) caused partial melting and formation of migmatites with meta-pelitic protoliths. The Alvand complex (west Iran) is a unique area comprising

Acid decomposition using concentrated H2SO4 at elevated temperature (>200 °C) is a common process to recover rare earth elements (REE) from refractory minerals where the reactions form REE sulfates, which are dissolved during a subsequent water leach. While the decomposition of REE orthophosphates and fluorocarbonates is well-documented, investigations focusing on REE silicates are more limited. The

This paper reports the discovery of columnar structures within paralavas from an active burning coal heap located in the formerly exploited coal basin of Saint-Étienne, Loire, France. The word “paralava” in this work refers to a rock that looks similar on the field to some volcanic rocks (e.g. basalts), and has been partially molten (with up to 50–60 vol% liquid). Here, the comparison between paralavas

High-Al garnet-sillimanite-graphite gneisses (khondalites) from the Matale area in central Sri Lanka show evidence for open system formation of symplectites. Three types of khondalite (type A, B, and C) were collected from two localities (Lo1 and Lo2) in this area. In Lo1, khondalite type A shows a stable mineral assemblage with garnet (Grt), ribbon quartz (Qtz), prismatic sillimanite (Sil), alkali

In the Hamadan region, Sanandaj-Sirjan Zone (SaSiZ), W Iran, a pegmatite-aplite vein occurs that contains up to 15 vol% sapphire. The Hamadan sapphire is black to blue, and translucent to opaque, which reveals its semi-gem and gem quality. On the basis of petrographic studies, the Hamadan sapphire-bearing pegmatite-aplite vein represents alkali syenitic to syenitic composition and its adjacent granitoids

Feldspars are major components of terrestrial planetary surfaces. For future space application and the setup of a comprehensive reference database, Na- and K-rich alkali feldspars, NaAlSi3O8 – KAlSi3O8, have been investigated by infrared reflectance spectroscopy. We related the feldspar spectra to the chemical composition and state of Al,Si order/disorder. The infrared measurements were analyzed with

Results of a spectroscopic and microstructural investigation of mineral grains extracted from lava-like fuel-containing materials – Chernobyl “lava” – are presented. Raman, photoluminescence and infrared spectra reveal the presence of abundant U4+, traces of Sm3+ and Cr3+ in grains of U-containing zircon and ZrO2. No oxidation of UO2 particles is observed. The ZrO2 grains consist predominantly of the

Potassic-hastingsite (IMA2018–160), ideally KCa2(Fe2+4Fe3+)(Si6Al2)O22(OH)2,was discovered in Danailingou, Inner Mongolia, China. Potassic-hastingsite is black to dark green with a vitreous luster, brittle with conchoidal fracture. The {110} cleavage is perfect and the calculated density is 3.541 g·cm−3. It is biaxial negative with α = 1.708 (2), β = 1.716 (3) and γ = 1.718 (3). Combined electron probe

Titanite from various rocks of the Karkonosze granitoid pluton (South-Eastern Poland) was studied, in order to evaluate its precision in recording magma evolution processes. The rocks are of lamprophyric, dioritic, granodioritic and granitic composition, including hybrid structures such as microgranular magmatic enclaves and composite dykes. Based on textures, chemistry and Zr-in-titanite geothermometry

Sulfur is an important element present in natural kimberlites and along with CO2, S can play a role in the kimberlite degassing. We have investigated experimentally the change in S content and CO2 solubility in synthetic kimberlitic melts in response to a range of pressure (0.5 to 2.0 GPa) and temperature (1500 to 1525 °C). Several initial S concentrations were investigated ranging from 0 to 24000

The granites and granite gneisses from a tectono-metamorphic complex exposed along the Shyok Valley in the Karakoram region, India, forms the southern margin of Asian plate in the India-Asia collision zone. These rocks have been subjected to mineralogical, geochemical, and U-Pb zircon geochronological investigations to constrain the petrogenetic and geodynamic evolution of the Karakoram terrane. Outcrop-scale

Arsenotučekite, Ni18Sb3AsS16, is a new mineral discovered in the abandoned chromium mine of Tsangli, located in the eastern portion of the Othrys ophiolite complex, central Greece. Tsangli is one of the largest chromite deposit at which chromite was mined since 1870. The Tsangli chromitite occurs as lenticular and irregular bodies. The studied chromitites are hosted in a strongly serpentinized mantle

Roterbärite, PdCuBiSe3, is a new mineral species from the Roter Bär mine, Harz Mountains, Germany. It forms euhedral to subhedral grains, up to 50 μm across, embedded in clausthalite, which is spatially associated with gold, mertieite-II, bohdanowiczite, hematite, chalcopyrite, baryte, ankerite and dolomite. Roterbärite is brittle and has a metallic luster. In plane-polarized light, roterbärite is

The Dimra Pahar Pluton is composed of arfvedsonite ± aegirine - alkali-feldspar granites with homophanous and mylonitic features. The pluton was emplaced along a regional shear zone during the post-collisional stage of the orogeny. Arfvedsonite and aegirine crystallized after alkali feldspar and quartz. The rocks are slightly peraluminous (alkali-index – AI: 0.92) to peralkaline (AI: 1.11). The pluton

Three types of amphibolites were found around a large serpentinite body in the basement of the Ohmachi Seamount in the Izu-Bonin-Mariana arc: epidote-albite amphibolite, epidote-garnet amphibolite, and garnet-zoisite amphibolite. The epidote-albite amphibolite shows a mid-ocean ridge basalt geochemical affinity based on whole-rock chemistry and Nd and Sr isotopes. The epidote-garnet amphibolite originated

The Chu Lai granite is widespread throughout the northern Kontum massif and is an important key in understanding the evolution of the Kontum region and its vicinity. The study presents new data on geochemistry, zircon U-Pb ages, and Nd-Hf isotopes from the Chu Lai granite which allows to constrain the Paleozoic tectonic evolution of the Kontum massif. The Chu Lai granite contains alumina-rich minerals

To provide new insights into the origin of garnet megacrysts and evolution of kimberlite melts, we studied in detail the polymineralic and monomineralic inclusions and their host garnets from the Grib kimberlite (Arkhangelsk diamond province, Russia). Low-Cr and high-Cr garnet megacrysts and eclogitic garnets contain abundant polymineralic and rare monomineralic inclusions. Monomineralic inclusions

Stergiouite is a new mineral from the Plaka area in the northern part of the Lavrion Mining District, Greece. The mineral occurs as clusters of stacked, platy crystals, associated with galena, sphalerite, native arsenic and sulfur. The crystals are white to colorless, with a pearly luster and white streak. No luminescence under ultraviolet (UV) radiation is observed. Stergiouite is brittle and has

The emerald mineralization in the Habachtal (Austria) is geologically and tectonically complex, and previous investigators have identified fluid inclusion evidence for a hydrothermal/metamorphic origin for the emeralds. In this paper we report the discovery of emeralds with a distinctly different inclusion population including melt inclusions, which demonstrates that at least some and probably most

The Xinxing granitic pluton is a large batholith cropping out in southern South China with its long axis parallel to the regional NE–trending faults. We conduct the first comprehensive study of zircon laser ablation–inductively coupled plasma–mass spectrometry (LA-ICP-MS) U–Pb chronology and trace element chemistry, rock-forming mineral chemistry and whole-rock element and Sr–Nd isotope geochemistry

Peraluminous orthogneisses represent a typical rock type of the Monotonous and Varied units of the Moldanubian Zone. The most probable setting for the generation of these rocks is the Cambro-Ordovician magmatic event linked to crustal anataxis, which is related to the thermal relaxation of thickened continental crust. According to their geological position, the mineralogy and geochemistry can be traced

Monchetundraite, Pd2NiTe2 is a new mineral discovered in the the Monchetundra layered intrusion, Kola Peninsula, Russia. It forms euhedral grains (up to about 20 μm) intergrown with kotulskite and pentlandite. Monchetundraite is brittle and has a metallic lustre. In plane-polarized light, monchetundraite is white to creamy pinkish white, strongly pleochroic and strongly anisotropic on prismatic sections

An airborne magnetometer survey together with field measurements of magnetic susceptibility have distinguished two main granitic suites within the eastern zone of the Brno batholith (the exposed part of the Brunovistulicum). Highly magnetic biotite-amphibole tonalites, forming widespread positive magnetic anomalies (up to 300 nT), have susceptibility (χ) regularly above 5 × 10−3. Less magnetic biotite

We report mineral compositions and bulk rock geochemistry of mafic dykes intruded in the western part of Bastar craton, comprising of Archaean Amgaon Group and Proterozoic Dongargarh Supergroup of rocks. Field relations show two distinct trends of these dykes which are almost perpendicular to each other but having similar mineralogical and geochemical characteristics. Dykes are mostly composed of pyroxenes

This paper describes specific features of isomorphism of unusual amphiboles containing up to 23 wt% ZnO and up to 1.3 wt% CuO from sulfide-free metasomatic rocks of the “Mixed Series” metamorphic complex, Pelagonian Massif, Republic of North Macedonia, in which chalcophile elements (Pb, Cu, Zn, Sb, As) occur in high concentrations in the form of oxides and oxysalts. The studied amphiboles belong to

A detailed study on petrology and mineral chemistry of 12 mantle xenoliths from Late Cretaceous basaltic lava flows at Daxizhuang has been conducted to constrain the nature and secular evolution of the Mesozoic lithospheric mantle beneath the eastern North China Craton (NCC). The Daxizhuang mantle xenoliths are mainly anhydrous spinel lherzolite, with subordinate olivine websterite and rare spinel

Yellow diamonds from the CH-7 (Chidliak) and the Misery (Ekati Mine) kimberlites in northern Canada are characterised for their nitrogen characteristics, visible light absorption, internal growth textures, and carbon isotope compositions. The diamonds are generally nitrogen-rich, with median N contents of 1230 (CH-7) and 1030 at.ppm (Misery). Normally a rare feature in natural diamonds, single substitutional

Understanding the mechanisms responsible for the interplay between mafic and felsic magmas is the key to retrieving information on their sources, and characterizing the exchange of mass between them. In order to characterize compositional and mineralogical changes in the mafic end-member during mafic-felsic magma interaction and to better understand the nature of early Paleozoic intracontinental magmatism

Polycrystalline calcite was deformed to high strain at room-temperature and confining pressures of 1–4 GPa using high-pressure torsion. The high confining pressure suppresses brittle failure and allows for shear strains >100. The post-deformation microstructures show inter- and intragranular cataclastic deformation and a high density of mechanical e\( \left\{01\overline{1}8\right\} \) twins and deformation

Geochemistry and Sr-Nd isotopes were determined in Triassic calcalkaline metalava and metapyroclastic rocks from Attica and Argolida, central Greece, to ascertain their origin, evolution, and emplacement timing. Sample protoliths were lavas, tuffs, and, subordinately, tuffites of basaltic to rhyolitic composition. Despite up to low-grade hydrothermal metamorphism, samples retain primary structures

We report olivine chemistry in basaltic rocks from the Mt. Cameroon Volcanic area, which is used as a proxy to understand mantle and early igneous processes along the ocean-continent segment of the Cameroon Volcanic Line. Most primitive olivine phenocrysts in this study have forsterite contents of 86–87.5%. Their Li concentrations are below 3.5 ppm and occur in similar concentrations in all the samples

A Ba- and Ti-rich mica (up to 14.0 wt% BaO and 13.1 wt% TiO2) occurs in nephelinites from the Middle Atlas Volcanic Province, Morocco. The rocks show a porphyritic texture composed of olivine, Ti-rich augite, nepheline and Ti-rich magnetite. Oxyphlogopite is found in secondary assemblages consisting of zeolites, clinopyroxene and Ti-oxides. This mineral occurs mostly as euhedral to subhedral crystals

The Ghorveh-Seranjic (GS) skarn is located in the northern part of the Sanandaj-Sirjan zone, NW Iran, which is part of Alpine-Himalaya orogenic belt. The GS metamorphic complex is the oldest unit in the GS area composed of marble, dolomitic marble, greenschist, and amphibolite of Early Jurassic age. The complex is intruded by NW-SE trending Late Jurassic peraluminous granitoids, which caused contact

Water solubility in Mg-endmember silicates is suggested to correlate with cation diffusivity. This study proposes a thermodynamic model by introducing the concept of transient Frenkel defect for Mg ions to quantify the relationship between water solubility and Mg diffusivity in mantle silicates. The formation of the Mg transient Frenkel defect is regarded as the escape of Mg from Mg-O polyhedron, and