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17O-Excess in Tropical Cyclones Reflects Local Rain Re-Evaporation More Than Moisture Source Conditions J. Geophys. Res. Atmos. (IF 4.4) Pub Date : 2024-03-16 Chijun Sun, Timothy Shanahan, Shaoneng He, Adriana Bailey, Jesse Nusbaumer, Jun Hu, Aubrey Hillman, Erika Ornouski, Jacob Warner, Kristine DeLong
17O-excess is a relatively new water isotope parameter that could potentially provide useful information about the hydrological cycle. Previous works focusing on 17O-excess in polar regions suggest that it primarily tracks moisture source relative humidity, but little is known about how to interpret 17O-excess data in lower latitudes. Here we present quasi-hourly triple oxygen isotope data of precipitation
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Evaluation of Retrospective National Water Model Soil Moisture and Streamflow for Drought-Monitoring Applications J. Geophys. Res. Atmos. (IF 4.4) Pub Date : 2024-03-16 M. Hughes, D. L. Jackson, D. Unruh, H. Wang, M. Hobbins, F. L. Ogden, R. Cifelli, B. Cosgrove, D. DeWitt, A. Dugger, T. W. Ford, B. Fuchs, M. Glaudemans, D. Gochis, S. M. Quiring, A. RafieeiNasab, R. S. Webb, Y. Xia, L. Xu
The National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA)’s National Water Model (NWM) provides analyses and predictions of hydrologic variables relevant to drought monitoring and forecasts at fine time and space scales (hourly, 0.25–1 km). We present results exploring the potential for NWM soil moisture and streamflow analyses to inform operational drought monitoring. Both agricultural and hydrologic
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VIIRS Version 2 Deep Blue Aerosol Products J. Geophys. Res. Atmos. (IF 4.4) Pub Date : 2024-03-16 Jaehwa Lee, N. Christina Hsu, Woogyung V. Kim, Andrew M. Sayer, Si-Chee Tsay
NASA's Deep Blue aerosol project has developed global aerosol data records using consistent retrieval algorithms applied to various satellite sensors. The primary components of these data records are derived from the series of Visible Infrared Imaging Radiometer Suite (VIIRS) aboard the Suomi National Polar-orbiting Partnership (SNPP) and the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration or NOAA-20+
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Raindrop Size Distributions Simulated Using a Bin Microphysics Scheme: Different Biases in Stratiform and Convective Rain From an Extratropical Cyclone J. Geophys. Res. Atmos. (IF 4.4) Pub Date : 2024-03-16 Joohyun Lee, Jong-Jin Baik, Han-Gyul Jin
Bin microphysics schemes prognose the raindrop size distribution (RSD), which can be directly evaluated through comparison with disdrometer observations. This evaluation will provide implications on the reliability of simulated cloud microphysics by bin microphysics schemes. In this study, the RSDs of a precipitation event associated with an extratropical cyclone passing South Korea are simulated using
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Analysis of Planetary Scale Waves Using Idealized Sudden Stratospheric Warming Simulations in Different Dynamical Cores J. Geophys. Res. Atmos. (IF 4.4) Pub Date : 2024-03-16 J.-S. Park, S.-H. Park, H.-Y. Chun, J.-H. Yoo, U. Shin
Planetary waves from the troposphere are known to play an important role in sudden stratospheric warming (SSW). To evaluate the representation of large-scale waves in idealized SSW simulations, three dynamical cores of the National Center for Atmospheric Research Community Atmosphere Model were tested in this study: the Eulerian (EUL) spectral-transform, finite-volume (FV), and spectral element (SE)
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Spatiotemporal Variations of the Effects of Aerosols on Clouds and Precipitation in an Extreme-Rain-Producing MCS in South China J. Geophys. Res. Atmos. (IF 4.4) Pub Date : 2024-03-13 Yuxing Yun, Da-Lin Zhang, Wenhua Gao, Jinfang Yin, Chun Zhao, Jiawei Li, Jianping Guo, Hongli Liu
Previous studies focus mostly on the storm-scale-averaged precipitation responses to aerosols. Yet, the spatiotemporal variations of the aerosol effects can lead to localized and short-duration precipitation changes that are more relevant for improving rainfall forecasts. Here, we investigate the cloud and precipitation responses to aerosols during different life stages and in subregions with various
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Stratocumulus Precipitation Properties Over the Southern Ocean Observed From Aircraft During the SOCRATES Campaign J. Geophys. Res. Atmos. (IF 4.4) Pub Date : 2024-03-11 L. Kang, R. T. Marchand, R. Wood
Precipitation plays an important role in cloud and aerosol processes over the Southern Ocean (SO). The main objective of this study is to characterize SO precipitation properties associated with SO stratocumulus clouds. We use data from the Southern Ocean Clouds Radiation Aerosol Transport Experimental Study (SOCRATES), and leverage observations from airborne radar, lidar, and in situ probes. We find
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Effects of Pollen on Hydrometeors and Precipitation in a Convective System J. Geophys. Res. Atmos. (IF 4.4) Pub Date : 2024-03-11 Yingxiao Zhang, Tamanna Subba, Brianna H. Matthews, Claire Pettersen, Sarah D. Brooks, Allison L. Steiner
Anemophilous (wind-driven) pollen is one type of primary biological aerosol particle, which can rupture under high humidity conditions and form smaller sub-pollen particles (SPPs). Both pollen and SPPs can reach the upper troposphere under convective conditions, acting as cloud condensation nuclei (CCN) and ice nucleating particles (INPs), thus influencing cloud formation and precipitation. However
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Future Projection and Uncertainty Analysis of Wind and Solar Energy in China Based on an Ensemble of CORDEX-EA-II Regional Climate Simulations J. Geophys. Res. Atmos. (IF 4.4) Pub Date : 2024-03-11 Rongchang Wu, Xiaorui Niu, Xianwen Jing, Ping Li, Yanjin Mao, Xianchun Chen, Shuyu Wang
Wind and solar energy are crucial for meeting the growing energy demand and mitigating the impact of climate change, and their sources show a climate-dependence. Here, based on the outputs from two regional climate models (RCMs) driven by three global climate models within the Coordinated Regional Climate Downscaling Experiments-East Asia (CORDEX-EA-II), the effects of future climate change on wind
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Divergent Responses of Summer Terrestrial Evapotranspiration to Cloud Increase in East Asia J. Geophys. Res. Atmos. (IF 4.4) Pub Date : 2024-03-11 Yipu Wang, Rui Li, Binbin Song, Jiheng Hu
Cloud impact on terrestrial evapotranspiration (ET) can be significant, while a fundamental understanding of ET response to cloud change has not been addressed in regional aspects. In this study, seven ET datasets from satellite and land surface models are used to analyze the summer ET in response to low cloud cover (LCC) over East Asia, in combination with satellite microwave and optical vegetation
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Characterizing Precipitation and Improving Rainfall Estimates Over the Southern Ocean Using Ship-Borne Disdrometer and Dual-Polarimetric C-Band Radar J. Geophys. Res. Atmos. (IF 4.4) Pub Date : 2024-03-11 L. G. B. Aragon, Y. Huang, P. T. May, J. Crosier, E. Montoya Duque, P. J. Connolly, K. N. Bower
Large satellite discrepancies and model biases in representing precipitation over the Southern Ocean (SO) are related directly to the region's limited surface observations of precipitation. To help address this knowledge gap, the study investigated the precipitation characteristics and rain rate retrievals over the remote SO using ship-borne data of the Ocean Rainfall And Ice-phase precipitation measurement
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Issue Information J. Geophys. Res. Atmos. (IF 4.4) Pub Date : 2024-03-11
No abstract is available for this article.
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Disk-Integrated Earth’s Outgoing Longwave Radiation Viewed From a Moon-Based Platform: Model Simulations J. Geophys. Res. Atmos. (IF 4.4) Pub Date : 2024-03-08 Hanlin Ye, Huadong Guo, Guang Liu, Jing Huang, Dong Liang
A Moon-based sensor can observe the Earth as a single point and achieve disk-integrated measurements of outgoing longwave radiation (OLR), which significantly differs from low orbital, geostationary, and Sun–Earth L1 point platforms. In this study, a scheme of determining the disk-integrated Earth’s OLR based on a Moon-based platform is proposed. The observational solid angle was theoretically derived
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Continental Emissions Influence the Sources and Formation Mechanisms of Marine Nitrate Aerosols in Spring Over the Bohai Sea and Yellow Sea Inferred From Stable Isotopes J. Geophys. Res. Atmos. (IF 4.4) Pub Date : 2024-03-08 Zhu-Yu Zhao, Yan-Lin Zhang, Yu-Chi Lin, Wen-Huai Song, Hao-Ran Yu, Mei-Yi Fan, Yi-Hang Hong, Xiao-Ying Yang, Han-Yu Li, Fang Cao
The influence of continental emissions on the origin and formation mechanisms of atmospheric particulate nitrate (ρ-NO3−) aerosols in the marine boundary layer remains unclear. Here, synchronous observations of nitrogen isotope ratios (δ15N–NO3−) and oxygen isotope anomaly (Δ17O–NO3−) in ρ-NO3− were conducted across the Yellow Sea and Bohai Sea in Eastern China. Nitrate concentrations, δ15N–NO3− and
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Gravity Wave Momentum Fluxes Estimated From Project Loon Balloon Data J. Geophys. Res. Atmos. (IF 4.4) Pub Date : 2024-03-08 Brian Green, Aditi Sheshadri, M. Joan Alexander, Martina Bramberger, François Lott
We present estimates of gravity wave momentum fluxes calculated from Project Loon superpressure balloon data collected between 2013 and 2021. In total, we analyzed more than 5,000 days of data from balloon flights in the lower stratosphere, flights often over regions or during times of the year without any previous in-situ observations of gravity waves. Maps of mean momentum fluxes show significant
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A Mechanism for the Summer Monsoon Precipitation Variability Over Northwest India Driven by Moisture Deficit Transport J. Geophys. Res. Atmos. (IF 4.4) Pub Date : 2024-03-06 Rahul Singh, S. Sandeep
A large reservoir of saturation deficit air is known to exist over the northern Arabian Sea and the adjoining land regions during the peak of Indian summer monsoon (ISM). The strengthening of monsoon low-level jet (LLJ) in the northern parts of the Arabian Sea during the break phase of ISM helps in transporting this dry air toward northwestern India. Here, we show that, a weakening (strengthening)
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Surface Albedo Feedback, Seasonal Heat Storage and Meridional Heat Transport Determine the Seasonality of Recent Warming in Antarctica J. Geophys. Res. Atmos. (IF 4.4) Pub Date : 2024-03-05 Haijin Dai
The reanalysis data suggest that recent surface warming over Antarctica start in 2016. In this study, using reanalysis data and numerical simulations, I attempt to determine the important mechanisms accounting for seasonal surface warming in Antarctica. The results suggested that seasonal surface warming in Antarctica is mainly determined by the surface energy budget over the Antarctic via horizontal
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Impact of the Eurasian Zonal Circulation on the Interannual Variability of Winter Surface Air Temperature and Subseasonal Temperature Reversal in North China J. Geophys. Res. Atmos. (IF 4.4) Pub Date : 2024-03-05 Zhen Chen, Xin Xue, Yingying Liu, Yanxing Wu, Zijiong Cai, Zhenyuan Cui, Run Liu
This study focuses on the interannual variability of winter mean surface air temperature (SAT) and subseasonal SAT reversal in North China, which have profound impacts on national life and economic activities. The analysis explores the temporal and spatial distribution characteristics of these variations and their relationship with the Eurasian Zonal Circulation (EZ). The findings reveal distinct interdecadal
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Occurrence Frequency of Global Atmospheric River (AR) Events: A Data Fusion Analysis of 12 Identification Data Sets J. Geophys. Res. Atmos. (IF 4.4) Pub Date : 2024-03-05 Hong-Ru Wang, Fang-Fang Li, Georgii V. Grigorev, Zhan-Yu Yao, Dong Ge, Guang-Qian Wang, Jun Qiu
The atmospheric river (AR) is a long, narrow, and transient corridor of strong horizontal water vapor transport. Various AR detection methods have been proposed, which have introduced significant uncertainty to the identified AR characteristics. This study has designed a data fusion algorithm to merge 12 data sets of different global and regional AR identification algorithms published by the Atmospheric
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A Case Study on the Rainstorm-Producing Mesoscale Vortices in Central-Eastern China J. Geophys. Res. Atmos. (IF 4.4) Pub Date : 2024-03-04 Ting-Ting Huang, Shen-Ming Fu, Zhen-Guo Wang, Shen Zhao, Jian-Hua Sun, Yong Zhang, Shao-Hua Wang
During 26–27 June 2022, mainly influenced by three mesoscale vortices, central-eastern China (particularly for Henan and Shandong) experiences the first widespread torrential rainfall event of the 2022 flood season (maximum 24-hr accumulated precipitation is ∼380.9 mm), resulting in severe social impacts. The three mesoscale vortices form and sustain under favorable background conditions, mainly including
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20th Century Changes of DOC and Its 14C Signature Archived in Caucasus Ice-Core: Implications for Past Sources of Organic Carbon Aerosol in South-Eastern Europe J. Geophys. Res. Atmos. (IF 4.4) Pub Date : 2024-03-04 Michel Legrand, Susanne Preunkert, Stanislav Kutuzov, Guillaume Siour, Vladimir Mikhalenko, Ekaterina Dolgova, Ronny Friedrich
To reconstruct the history of organic carbon (OC) aerosol over south-eastern Europe, dissolved organic carbon (DOC) and its 14C signature (DO14C) were investigated along an ice core drilled at the Mount Elbrus (ELB) in Caucasus. In summer, compared to pre-1945 levels, the DOC concentrations increased by 45% after 1960, the mean DO14C depletion in recent ELB ice relative to atmospheric 14CO2 of 32%
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The Impact of Gravity Waves on the Evolution of Tropical Anvil Cirrus Microphysical Properties J. Geophys. Res. Atmos. (IF 4.4) Pub Date : 2024-03-04 E. J. Jensen, B. Kärcher, S. Woods, M. Krämer, R. Ueyama
Anvil cirrus generated by deep convection covers large fractions of the tropics and has important impacts on the Earth's radiation budget and climate. In situ measurements made with high-altitude aircraft indicate a rapid transition in ice crystal size distributions and habits as anvil cirrus ages. We use numerical simulations to investigate the impact of high-frequency gravity waves on the evolution
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Emergent Constraint on Projection of the North Pacific Monsoon Trough and Its Implications for Typhoon Activity Using CMIP6 Models J. Geophys. Res. Atmos. (IF 4.4) Pub Date : 2024-03-04 Yan Gou, Chao Wang, Yuqin Wu, Liguang Wu
The North Pacific monsoon trough (NPMT) is an imperative large-scale circulation pattern influencing tropical cyclone (TC) activity in the western North Pacific (WNP), thus its future change has great implications for the WNP TC activity. Here future change in the NPMT and its uncertainty are examined by using 35 climate models from Phase six of Coupled Model Intercomparison Project (CMIP6). Due to
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Comment on “Comparison of the Efficiencies of the Prognostic Generalized Complementary Functions on Evaporation Estimation” by Wang, L., et al., Published in Journal of Geophysical Research: Atmospheres J. Geophys. Res. Atmos. (IF 4.4) Pub Date : 2024-03-04 Jozsef Szilagyi
Surprising significant underperformance of the polynomial complementary relationship (PCR) of evaporation (Szilagyi et al., 2017, https://doi.org/10.1002/2016jd025611) by Wang et al. (2023, https://doi.org/10.1029/2023jd038683) is caused by the (a) station-by-station application of a grid-based estimation procedure of the Priestley-Taylor parameter (α) value, and (b) choice of the wind function. Application
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Estimation of Soil Moisture Thresholds for Aggravation of Global Terrestrial Carbon Uptake Losses J. Geophys. Res. Atmos. (IF 4.4) Pub Date : 2024-03-04 Heng Yan, Zhenghui Xie, Binghao Jia, Peihua Qin, Xia Zhang, Qiudan Dai, Jinbo Xie, Longhuan Wang, Ruichao Li, Yuhang Tian, Yanbin You
Most ecosystems have resistance to soil moisture (SM) deficit, which is termed drought resistance. Drought resistance can be invalid and global terrestrial carbon uptake losses can be aggravated when SM deficit exceeds a critical threshold. However, soil moisture thresholds (SMTs) that detrimentally impact global terrestrial carbon uptake are still unclear. We performed numerical simulations using
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Long-Emission-Wavelength Humic-Like Component (L-HULIS) as a Secondary Source Tracer of Brown Carbon in the Atmosphere J. Geophys. Res. Atmos. (IF 4.4) Pub Date : 2024-03-01 Jiao Tang, Buqing Xu, Shizhen Zhao, Jun Li, Lele Tian, Xiaofei Geng, Hongxing Jiang, Yangzhi Mo, Guangcai Zhong, Bin Jiang, Yingjun Chen, Jianhui Tang, Gan Zhang
The optical properties of secondary brown carbon (BrC) aerosols are poorly understood, hampering quantitative assessments of their impact. We propose a new method for estimating secondary source of BrC using excitation-emission matrix (EEM) fluorescence spectroscopy, combined with parallel factor analysis (PARAFAC) and partial least squares regression (PLSR). Experiments were conducted on a collection
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Recurrent Lightning Spots: Where Lightning Strikes More Than Twice J. Geophys. Res. Atmos. (IF 4.4) Pub Date : 2024-03-01 G. Sola, J. A. López, J. Montanyà, N. Pineda, E. R. Williams
The expression “lightning never strikes twice” is questioned in this paper because, among the randomness of lightning impacts, some spots are hit even more than twice year after year. This article introduces the recurrent lightning spots (RLS) concept, which are locations periodically impacted by cloud-to-ground lightning every consecutive year over a certain period. RLS are investigated in two regimes
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Flash Drought in the South of Yangtze River and the Potential Impact of North Atlantic Sea Surface Temperature J. Geophys. Res. Atmos. (IF 4.4) Pub Date : 2024-03-01 Feng Ma, Xing Yuan, Hua Li, Yumiao Wang
Flash droughts (FDs), a type of drought with rapid onset, occurred in growing season have damaging impacts on crops, ecosystem and hence livelihoods. However, the associated physical mechanism were not well understood, which prohibits a skillful early warning. Based on the reanalysis data for 1961–2022, we diagnosed the characteristics, antecedent meteorological conditions and large-scale atmospheric
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Forecast Skill and Signal-To-Noise Ratio for Stratospheric Polar Vortex Variations in Northern Hemisphere Winter Seasonal Hindcasts J. Geophys. Res. Atmos. (IF 4.4) Pub Date : 2024-03-02 M. Taguchi
This study explores seasonal forecast skill and signal-to-noise (SN) ratio for stratospheric polar vortex (SPV) variations during Northern winter using hindcast (HC) data of six systems initialized around early November in the Copernicus Climate Change Service database. Results show high skill for December-January-February (DJF) mean El Niño/Southern Oscillation and Quasi-Biennial Oscillation (QBO)
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Storylines for Future Projections of Precipitation Over New Zealand in CMIP6 Models J. Geophys. Res. Atmos. (IF 4.4) Pub Date : 2024-03-01 Peter B. Gibson, Neelesh Rampal, Samuel M. Dean, Olaf Morgenstern
Large uncertainty exists in the sign of long-term changes in regional scale mean precipitation across the current generation of global climate models. To explore the physical drivers of this uncertainty for New Zealand, here we adopt a storyline approach applying cluster analysis to spatial patterns of future projected seasonal mean precipitation change across CMIP6 models (n = 43). For the winter
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Northward Shift and Narrowing of the ITCZ in 20 Years of AIRS Data J. Geophys. Res. Atmos. (IF 4.4) Pub Date : 2024-03-02 Hartmut H. Aumann, Steven Broberg, Evan M. Manning
A time series analysis of Deep Convective Clouds (DCC) in Atmospheric InfraRed Sounder data between 2002 and 2023 shows that the mean latitude of the Inter Tropical Convergence Zone (ITCZ) has shifted northward for land at a rate of about 30 km/decade. The shift for ocean is north as well at about half of the rate for land. Comparisons of our results with the existing literature are complicated by
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Modeling Natural Tritium in Precipitation and its Dependence on Decadal Solar Activity Variations Using the Atmospheric General Circulation Model MIROC5-Iso J. Geophys. Res. Atmos. (IF 4.4) Pub Date : 2024-03-01 A. Cauquoin, É. Fourré, A. Landais, A. Okazaki, K. Yoshimura
Modeling tritium content in water presents a meaningful way to evaluate the representation of the water cycle in climate models as it traces fluxes within and between the reservoirs involved in the water cycle (stratosphere, troposphere, and ocean). In this study, we present the implementation of natural tritium in water in the atmospheric general circulation model (AGCM) MIROC5-iso and its simulation
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East Asia Atmospheric River Forecast With a Deep Learning Method: GAN-UNet J. Geophys. Res. Atmos. (IF 4.4) Pub Date : 2024-02-29 Yuan Tian, Yang Zhao, Jianping Li, Bin Chen, Lin Deng, Dawei Wen
Accurate forecasting of atmospheric rivers (ARs) holds significance in preventing losses from extreme precipitation. However, traditional numerical weather prediction (NWP) models are computationally expensive and can be limited in accuracy due to inaccurate physical parameter settings. To overcome these limitations, we propose a deep learning (DL) model, called GAN-UNet, to forecast the AR occurrence
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Smoke with Induced Rotation and Lofting (SWIRL) Generated by the February 2009 Australian Black Saturday PyroCb Plume J. Geophys. Res. Atmos. (IF 4.4) Pub Date : 2024-02-28 D. R. Allen, M. D. Fromm, G. P. Kablick, G. E. Nedoluha, D. A. Peterson
The discovery of smoke-induced dynamical anomalies in the stratosphere associated with the 2019/2020 Australian New Year pyrocumulonimbus (pyroCb) super outbreak initiated a new field of study involving aerosol/weather anomalies. This paper documents the dynamical anomalies associated with the February 2009 Australian Black Saturday pyroCb outbreak. Positive potential vorticity anomalies (indicating
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County-Level Evaluation of Large-Scale Gridded Data Sets of Irrigated Area Over China J. Geophys. Res. Atmos. (IF 4.4) Pub Date : 2024-02-28 Xin Tian, Jianzhi Dong, Xi Chen, Jianhong Zhou, Man Gao, Lingna Wei, Xiaoqi Kang, Dexing Zhao, Huiwen Zhang, Wade T. Crow, Richao Huang, Wei Shao, Haoran Zhou
The reliability of irrigated area (IA) information dominates the performance of irrigation water use and crop modeling accuracy. IA is typically mapped using Food and Agriculture Organization (FAO) agricultural census and remote sensing indices. Recent advances in machine learning and sampling techniques further improve IA mapping. However, the relative performances of different IA mapping approaches
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Tropical Cyclone Changes in Convection-Permitting Regional Climate Projections: A Study Over the Shanghai Region J. Geophys. Res. Atmos. (IF 4.4) Pub Date : 2024-02-27 Erasmo Buonomo, Nicholas Savage, Guangtao Dong, Bernd Becker, Richard G. Jones, Zhan Tian, Laixiang Sun
Changes in tropical cyclones due to greenhouse-gas forcing in the Shanghai area have been studied in a double-nesting regional model experiment using the Met Office convection-permitting model HadREM3-RA1T at 4 km resolution and the regional model HadREM3-GA7.05 at 12 km for the intermediate nest. Boundary conditions for the experiment have been constructed from HadGEM2-ES, a General Circulation Model
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An Analytical Model of Active Layer Depth Under Changing Ground Heat Flux J. Geophys. Res. Atmos. (IF 4.4) Pub Date : 2024-02-26 Modi Zhu, Jingfeng Wang, Valeriy Ivanov, Aleksey Sheshukov, Wenbo Zhou, Liujing Zhang, Valeriy Mazepa, Alexandr Sokolov, Victor Valdayskikh
Improved modeling of permafrost active layer freeze-thaw plays a crucial role in understanding the response of the Arctic ecosystem to the accelerating warming trend in the region over the past decades. However, modeling the dynamics of the active layer at diurnal time scale remains challenging using the traditional models of freeze-thaw processes. In this study, a physically based analytical model
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Marine Fuel Regulations and Engine Emissions: Impacts on Physicochemical Properties, Cloud Activity and Emission Factors J. Geophys. Res. Atmos. (IF 4.4) Pub Date : 2024-02-26 L. F. E. D. Santos, K. Salo, X. Kong, M. Hartmann, J. Sjöblom, E. S. Thomson
Marine regulations aim to reduce sulfur and nitrogen exhaust emissions from maritime shipping. Here, two compliance pathways for reducing sulfur dioxide emissions, fuel sulfur content reduction and exhaust wet scrubbing, are studied for their effects on physicochemical properties and cloud forming abilities of engine exhaust particles. A test-bed diesel engine was utilized to study fresh exhaust emissions
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Roles of Thermal Forced and Eddy-Driven Effects in the Northward Shifting of the Subtropical Westerly Jet Under Recent Climate Change J. Geophys. Res. Atmos. (IF 4.4) Pub Date : 2024-02-27 Chen Sheng, Guoxiong Wu, Yimin Liu, Bian He
The zonal-mean subtropical westerly jet (SWJ) in boreal winter shows a significant northward shift trend under recent climate change. Previous studies proposed thermal forcing—represented by the thermal wind associated with the temperature gradient—and the driving effect of the eddy momentum flux (EMF) convergence that leads to the eddy-driven jet as explanations for this process; however, their relative
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Simulating the Unsteady Stable Boundary Layer With a Stochastic Stability Equation J. Geophys. Res. Atmos. (IF 4.4) Pub Date : 2024-02-27 Vyacheslav Boyko, Nikki Vercauteren
Turbulence in very stable boundary layers is typically unsteady and intermittent. The study implements a stochastic modeling approach to represent unsteady mixing possibly associated with intermittency of turbulence and with unresolved fluid motions such as dirty waves or drainage flows. The stochastic parameterization is introduced by randomizing the mixing lengthscale used in a Reynolds average Navier-Stokes
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Observational Evaluation of Estimated Air Exchange Flux Between Atmospheric Boundary Layer and Free Troposphere With WRF Model J. Geophys. Res. Atmos. (IF 4.4) Pub Date : 2024-02-27 Xipeng Jin, Xuhui Cai, Qianhui Li, Hongsheng Zhang, Yu Song, Xuesong Wang, Ling Kang, Tong Zhu
Vertical exchange between the atmospheric boundary layer (ABL) and free troposphere (FT) is a key link in coupling the earth's surface and upper atmosphere. This process is usually quantified by numerical simulations, while its reliability is not well assessed until now. Using space-time intensified ABL observations, we evaluate the ABL-FT air mass exchange flux derived from the Weather Research and
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Wave Breaking Events and Their Link to Rossby Wave Packets and Atmospheric Blockings During Southern Hemisphere Summer J. Geophys. Res. Atmos. (IF 4.4) Pub Date : 2024-02-28 Iago Pérez-Fernández, Marcelo Barreiro, Noémie Ehstand, Emilio Hernández-García, Cristobal López
Rossby Wave Packets (RWPs) are atmospheric perturbations located at upper levels in mid-latitudes which, in certain cases, terminate in Rossby Wave Breaking (RWB) events. When sufficiently persistent and spatially extended, these RWB events are synoptically identical to atmospheric blockings, which are linked to heatwaves and droughts. Thus, studying RWB events after RWPs propagation and their link
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Issue Information J. Geophys. Res. Atmos. (IF 4.4) Pub Date : 2024-02-26
No abstract is available for this article.
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Enhanced Late Spring Ozone in Southern China by Early Onset of the South China Sea Summer Monsoon J. Geophys. Res. Atmos. (IF 4.4) Pub Date : 2024-02-21 Xiaorui Zhang, Xiao Lu, Fan Wang, Wen Zhou, Peng Wang, Meng Gao
The onset of the South China Sea summer monsoon (SCSSM) has profound impacts on meteorological conditions over East Asia. However, whether the interannual variability in monsoon onset date impacts ozone (O3) pollution remains unclear. Here, we investigate the relationship between early onset of SCSSM and late spring O3 in southern China. Our results show notable differences in surface O3 concentrations
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Future Ozone Changes and Their Impacts on Vegetation and Human Health in China Under the Shared Socio-Economic Pathways J. Geophys. Res. Atmos. (IF 4.4) Pub Date : 2024-02-22 Chen Xu, Yu-Hao Mao, Hong Liao
Ozone concentrations in China are increasing in recent years and future changes of ozone and their impacts have attracted much attention. We use global chemical transport model (GEOS-Chem) to simulate the surface ozone concentrations in China in 2020 and 2050 under four Shared Socio-economic Pathways and evaluate the impacts of future ozone pollution on vegetation and premature mortality in four polluted
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Evaluating the Model Representation of Asian Summer Monsoon Upper Troposphere and Lower Stratosphere Transport and Composition Using Airborne In Situ Observations J. Geophys. Res. Atmos. (IF 4.4) Pub Date : 2024-02-22 Warren P. Smith, Laura L. Pan, Douglas Kinnison, Elliot Atlas, Shawn Honomichl, Jun Zhang, Simone Tilmes, Rafael P. Fernandez, Alfonso Saiz-Lopez, Victoria Treadaway, Karina E. Adcock, Johannes C. Laube, Marc von Hobe, Corinna Kloss, Silvia Viciani, Francesco D’Amato, C. Michael Volk, Fabrizio Ravegnani
Chemistry Climate Models (CCMs) are essential tools for characterizing and predicting the role of atmospheric composition and chemistry in Earth's climate system. This study demonstrates the use of airborne in situ observations to diagnose the representation of chemical composition and transport by CCMs. Process-based diagnostics using dynamical and chemical coordinates are presented which minimize
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Contrasting Responses of Land Surface Temperature and Soil Temperature to Forest Expansion During the Dormant Season on the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau J. Geophys. Res. Atmos. (IF 4.4) Pub Date : 2024-02-23 Zhuoran Qu, Xiaoyan Li, Fangzhong Shi
As one of the important ecological responses of ecosystem to global climate change, forest expansion can alter land surface energy budget and local microclimate. Land surface temperature (LST) and soil temperature (ST) indicate the above- and below-ground thermal state, respectively. However, the lack of studies on the relationships between LST and ST changes after forest expansion hinders our understanding
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Quantitative Characterization of the Volatility Distribution of Organic Aerosols in a Polluted Urban Area: Intercomparison Between Thermodenuder and Molecular Measurements J. Geophys. Res. Atmos. (IF 4.4) Pub Date : 2024-02-23 Wei Chen, Weiwei Hu, Zi Tao, Yiyu Cai, Mingfu Cai, Ming Zhu, Yuqing Ye, Huaishan Zhou, Hongxing Jiang, Jun Li, Wei Song, Jiayi Zhou, Shan Huang, Bin Yuan, Min Shao, Qiandan Feng, Ying Li, Gabriel Isaacman-VanWertz, Harald Stark, Douglas A. Day, Pedro Campuzano-Jost, Jose L. Jimenez, Xinming Wang
To quantify the volatility of organic aerosols (OA), a comprehensive campaign was conducted in the Chinese megacity. Volatility distributions of OA and particle-phase organic nitrate (pON) were estimated based on five methods: (a) empirical method and (b) kinetic model based on the measurement of a thermodenuder (TD) coupled with an aerosol mass spectrometer; (c) Formula-based SIMPOL model-driven method;
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Construction of a Clear-Sky Three Dimensional Sub-Grid Terrain Long-Wave Radiative Effect Parameterization Scheme Under Isotropic Assumption J. Geophys. Res. Atmos. (IF 4.4) Pub Date : 2024-02-22 Chunlei Gu, Anning Huang, Xin Li, Ben Yang, Yang Wu
Rugged topography considerably regulates the surface downwelling long-wave radiation (SDLR) flux and further affects the surface radiation and energy balances. The three dimensional sub-grid terrain long-wave radiative effect (3DSTLRE) is absent in most current numerical models, which usually adopt plane-parallel schemes to simulate the SDLR flux. This study has developed a clear-sky 3DSTLRE parameterization
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High Peak Current Lightning and the Production of Elves J. Geophys. Res. Atmos. (IF 4.4) Pub Date : 2024-02-23 Ingrid Bjørge-Engeland, Nikolai Østgaard, Martino Marisaldi, Alejandro Luque, Andrey Mezentsev, Nikolai Lehtinen, Olivier Chanrion, Anders Nødland Fuglestad, Torsten Neubert, Francisco J. Gordillo-Vazquez
Elves are observed as expanding rings of light in the UV and visible optical bands. They are produced when electromagnetic pulses from lightning discharges interact with the lower parts of the ionosphere. Elves are well known to be associated with high peak current lightning discharges. Here, we use data from the Modular Multi-spectral Imaging Array (MMIA) of the Atmosphere-Space Interactions Monitor
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Influence of Spatial Heterogeneity in Sea Surface Temperature on Tropical Cyclone Intensity Over the Western North Pacific J. Geophys. Res. Atmos. (IF 4.4) Pub Date : 2024-02-23 Jia Sun, Shanshan Jin, Xia Ju, Hailun He, Ruibin Ding, Xiaomin Hu, Xuejun Xiong
This study explores the impact of sea surface temperature (SST) spatial heterogeneity on tropical cyclone (TC) intensity through a combination of observations and simulations, aiming to provide a reference for further improving TC intensity forecasting skills. Two distinct patterns of SST spatial heterogeneity are identified based on a statistical analysis of observational data, when the SST at the
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Island-Induced Eyewall Replacement in a Landfalling Tropical Cyclone: A Model Study of Super Typhoon Mangkhut (2018) J. Geophys. Res. Atmos. (IF 4.4) Pub Date : 2024-02-19 K. H. Lau, C.-Y. Tam, C.-C. Wu
An unconventional, island-induced eyewall replacement (IER) occurred in Super Typhoon Mangkhut (2018) when it crossed Luzon Island. Upon landfall, its original compact eyewall broke down and dissipated rapidly. As Mangkhut exited Luzon and entered the South China Sea, a much larger new eyewall formed at a radius of 150–200 km from the storm center, three times larger than the original one. Unlike the
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Interannual Variability of Winds in the Antarctic Mesosphere and Lower Thermosphere Over Rothera (67°S, 68°W) During 2005–2021 in Meteor Radar Observations and WACCM-X J. Geophys. Res. Atmos. (IF 4.4) Pub Date : 2024-02-21 Phoebe E. Noble, Neil P. Hindley, Corwin J. Wright, Chihoko Cullens, Scott England, Nicholas Pedatella, Nicholas J. Mitchell, Tracy Moffat-Griffin
The mesosphere and lower thermosphere (MLT) plays a critical role in linking the middle and upper atmosphere. However, many General Circulation Models do not model the MLT and those that do remain poorly constrained. We use long-term meteor radar observations (2005–2021) from Rothera (67°S, 68°W) on the Antarctic Peninsula to evaluate the Whole Atmosphere Community Climate Model with thermosphere-ionosphere
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Mixed Convection in an Idealized Coastal Urban Environment With Momentum and Thermal Surface Heterogeneities J. Geophys. Res. Atmos. (IF 4.4) Pub Date : 2024-02-21 Yuanfeng Cui, Shuolin Xiao, Leiqiu Hu, Yongling Zhao, Qi Li
Coastal marine heatwaves (MHWs) modulate coastal climate through ocean-land-atmosphere interactions, but little is known about how coastal MHWs interact with coastal cities and modify urban thermal environment. In this study, a representative urban coastal environment under MHWs is simplified to a mixed convection problem. Fourteen large-eddy simulations (LESs) are conducted to investigate how coastal
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Atmospheric Rivers in Southeast Alaska: Meteorological Conditions Associated With Extreme Precipitation J. Geophys. Res. Atmos. (IF 4.4) Pub Date : 2024-02-17 Deanna Nash, Jonathan J. Rutz, Aaron Jacobs
Extreme precipitation events associated with atmospheric rivers (ARs) trigger floods, landslides, and avalanches that threaten lives and livelihoods in Southeast Alaska. Six rural and indigenous communities (Hoonah, Klukwan, Skagway, Yakutat, Craig, and Kasaan) identified specific needs regarding these hazards and joined the Southeast Alaska Coastlines and People (CoPe) Kutí Hub to address the shared
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Revealing the Influencing Factors of an Oxygenated Volatile Organic Compounds (OVOCs) Source Apportionment Model: A Case Study of a Dense Urban Agglomeration in the Winter J. Geophys. Res. Atmos. (IF 4.4) Pub Date : 2024-02-21 Y. Zou, X. H. Guan, R. M. Flores, X. L. Yan, L. Y. Fan, T. Deng, X. J. Deng, D. Q. Ye
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The Role of Climatological State in Supporting US Heat Waves Through Rossby Waves Packets J. Geophys. Res. Atmos. (IF 4.4) Pub Date : 2024-02-17 Valentina Castañeda, Lei Wang
While heat waves are local extreme weather events, a slowly propagating planetary-scale Rossby wave pattern is statistically correlated to the occurrence of heat waves in the US. However, whether this correlation indicates that such planetary wave patterns physically cause the enhanced statistics of local heat waves is debatable. In this work, we hypothesize that the atmospheric climatological state
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Seasonal Prediction of Regional Arctic Sea Ice Using the High-Resolution Climate Prediction System CMA-CPSv3 J. Geophys. Res. Atmos. (IF 4.4) Pub Date : 2024-02-19 Panxi Dai, Min Chu, Dong Guo, Yixiong Lu, Xiangwen Liu, Tongwen Wu, Qiaoping Li, Renguang Wu
Sea ice is a central part of the Arctic climate system, and its changes have a significant impact on the Earth's climate. Yet, its state, especially in summer, is not fully understood and correctly predicted in dynamical forecast systems. In this study, the seasonal prediction skill of Arctic sea ice is investigated in a high-resolution dynamical forecast system, the China Meteorological Administration
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Causally-Informed Deep Learning to Improve Climate Models and Projections J. Geophys. Res. Atmos. (IF 4.4) Pub Date : 2024-02-19 Fernando Iglesias-Suarez, Pierre Gentine, Breixo Solino-Fernandez, Tom Beucler, Michael Pritchard, Jakob Runge, Veronika Eyring
Climate models are essential to understand and project climate change, yet long-standing biases and uncertainties in their projections remain. This is largely associated with the representation of subgrid-scale processes, particularly clouds and convection. Deep learning can learn these subgrid-scale processes from computationally expensive storm-resolving models while retaining many features at a
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Dynamical Importance of the Trade Wind Inversion in Suppressing the Southeast Pacific ITCZ J. Geophys. Res. Atmos. (IF 4.4) Pub Date : 2024-02-16 Alex O. Gonzalez, Indrani Ganguly, Marissa Osterloh, Gregory V. Cesana, Charlotte A. DeMott
Sea surface temperature (SST) gradients are a primary driver of low-level wind convergence in the east Pacific Inter-Tropical Convergence Zone (ITCZ) through their hydrostatic relationship to the surface pressure gradient force (PGF). However, the surface PGF may not always align with SST gradients due to variations in boundary layer temperature gradients with height, that is, the boundary layer contribution