-
Probabilistic Seismic Demand Analysis of Structures Using Reliability Approaches J. Earthq. Tsunami (IF 1.0) Pub Date : 2020-12-24 M. Kia; A. Amini; M. Bayat; P. Ziehl
The Probabilistic Seismic Demand Analysis (PSDA) which is frequently implemented in the first generation performance-based earthquake engineering quantifies seismic behavior of a structure by computing mean annual frequency of exceeding a specific value of a desired demand parameter given all anticipated earthquakes. This framework, based on the total probability integration formula, provides a technical
-
Research on Seismic Reduction and Isolation Measures for Urban Underground Station Structure J. Earthq. Tsunami (IF 1.0) Pub Date : 2020-12-18 Guobo Wang; Feng Ba; Xianfeng Ma; Jielin Zhao; Yifei Yue
Based on a rectangle underground station structure, two-dimensional finite element models are established in this study to explore the effectiveness of different seismic reduction and isolation measures for underground structure, where Davidenkov model is adopted to consider the soil nonlinearity and the underground structure is considered elastic. The performances of the seismic reduction and isolation
-
Estimations of the Spatial Distributions of Probabilities of the Occurrence of Destructive Earthquakes in the Sichuan Area Based on the Markov Chain–Linear Kriging Coupling Model J. Earthq. Tsunami (IF 1.0) Pub Date : 2020-12-10 Xue Yuan; Hu Dan; Liu Bin; Zeng Ling; Liang Yuan
An earthquake is one of the most serious natural disasters to human beings. The damage from destructive earthquakes is enormous, and the predictions and estimations of earthquakes are urgent challenges in global science fields. In view of the shortcomings of the Markov chain model and the kriging methods in the estimation of the probabilities of the occurrence of earthquakes, the Markov chain–linear
-
Digital Processing and Automatic Picking of Seismic Signals J. Earthq. Tsunami (IF 1.0) Pub Date : 2020-12-10 César Jiménez; J. Miguel Saavedra
In this research, we have implemented a numerical algorithm to identify the seismic wave parameters: P phase, S phase, amplitude, period and seismic signal duration. We have used the Matlab programming language and the digital signal processing toolbox to conduct the automatic picking of seismic signal parameters. As a mathematical tool, we have used the discrete Fourier transform to study the frequency
-
Investigation of Relationship between the Response and Fourier Spectral Ratios Based on Statistical Analyses of Strong-Motion Records J. Earthq. Tsunami (IF 1.0) Pub Date : 2020-11-24 Haizhong Zhang; Yan-Gang Zhao
In both seismic design and probabilistic seismic-hazard analyses, site effects are typically characterized as the ratio of the response spectral ordinate on the ground surface to that on the bedrock based on the scaling law borrowed from the Fourier spectral ordinate. Recent studies have shown that different from the Fourier spectral ratio (FSR), the response spectral ratio (RSR) does not purely reflect
-
Surface Ground Movement Around a Steel Pipe Pile Foundation During Liquefaction Measured by Effective Stress Analysis J. Earthq. Tsunami (IF 1.0) Pub Date : 2020-11-24 Nguyen Thanh Trung; Dinh Quang Cuong; Osamu Kiyomiya
Several studies on liquefaction using physical model tests and numerical analysis have been conducted in recent years; however, few studies have investigated the effect of liquefaction-induced settlement on structures. Especially, this settlement seriously influences on gravity foundation during earthquake. This study aims to investigate the settlement of the surrounding ground of steel pipe sheet
-
MITIGATING TSUNAMI DAMAGE BY PROMOTING GROUND EROSION J. Earthq. Tsunami (IF 1.0) Pub Date : 2020-11-21 Naoki Takegawa; Yutaka Sawada; Toshinori Kawabata
To reduce the damage caused when a tsunami overflows coastal dikes, this study performs hydraulic experiments and numerical simulations and proposes a new method for slowing the tsunami by intentionally eroding parts of the ground. The effectiveness of the proposed method is assessed, velocity-reduction mechanism is clarified, and reduced tsunami velocity is predicted. Using crushed expanded polystyrene
-
Numerical Simulation of Wave Runup and Overtopping for Short and Long Waves Using Staggered Grid Variational Boussinesq J. Earthq. Tsunami (IF 1.0) Pub Date : 2020-10-02 Didit Adytia; Sri Redjeki Pudjaprasetya
In designing a numerical tool for simulating a wide variety of water waves, i.e. short to long waves, an accurate and robust wave model and numerical implementation are needed. Dispersion and nonlinearity are the two most important physical aspects that should be modeled accurately. To be applicable to simulate many coastal engineering applications, the numerical scheme should be capable of simulating
-
Experimental Investigations of Hydraulic Surges Passing Over a Rectangular Canal J. Earthq. Tsunami (IF 1.0) Pub Date : 2020-09-08 Nuri Elsheikh; Amir H. Azimi; Ioan Nistor; Abdolmajid Mohammadian
The purpose of this experimental study was to investigate the effects of a rectangular canal on the hydrodynamics of turbulent surges before and after the canal by implementing a series of physical experiments. A dam-break wave model was used to simulate the tsunami-like turbulent waves passing over a smooth and horizontal surface, in the presence and absence of a canal. Three canal depths of d=0.05
-
A Method to Find an Appropriate Input Motion Using a Given Motion on Ground Surface J. Earthq. Tsunami (IF 1.0) Pub Date : 2020-10-15 Hitoshi Morikawa; Kahori Iiyama
Some seismic design codes require to determine earthquake motions at ground surface, although we need sometimes a motion at engineering basement of ground. For example, it is necessary for optimal design of structures to introduce effects of soil-structure interaction and to input ground motions to engineering basement, which should satisfy the motions at surface required by a design code. This is
-
An Investigation of Vector Intensity Measures for Seismic Collapse Assessment Under Far-Field Aftershocks J. Earthq. Tsunami (IF 1.0) Pub Date : 2020-10-15 F. Soleiman Meigooni; M. Tehranizadeh
Aftershock records have a considerable effect on the results of collapse assessments conducted on buildings. Thus, they should be selected cautiously. As the number of recorded aftershocks is not sufficient, mainshock records are often utilized instead. In order to increase the correlation between the aftershock time history and the seismic response of a structure, this research intends to investigate
-
Stochastic Response of a Coastal Cable-Stayed Bridge Subjected to Multi-Dimensional and Multi-Supported Earthquake and Waves J. Earthq. Tsunami (IF 1.0) Pub Date : 2020-10-15 SIBO MENG; YANG DING
In this paper, a stochastic dynamic analysis method for cable-stayed bridges subjected to multi-dimensional and multi-supported earthquake and waves is established based on the pseudo-excitation method. The Monte Carlo method is used to analyze the influence of excitation nonlinearity on the bridge structure response, and the applicability of this method is verified. Stochastic response characteristic
-
Evaluation of Seismically Induced Soft Sediment Deformation Structures Vis-à-Vis their Probable Earthquake Sources in Kashmir Basin, NW Himalaya J. Earthq. Tsunami (IF 1.0) Pub Date : 2020-10-07 Maqbool Yousuf; Kaiser Bukhari
This study discusses the composition and distribution of paleo-liquefaction structures, their triggering mechanisms, probable source and the dynamics of source faults expressed in the Kashmir basin (KB), NW Himalaya. Stratigraphic evidences of deformational structures along concomitant fault zones are highly preserved throughout the basin. The KB was frequently confronted with recurrent seismic activities
-
Experimental Investigation of Hysteretic Performance of Self-Centering Glulam Beam-to-Column Joint with Friction Dampers J. Earthq. Tsunami (IF 1.0) Pub Date : 2020-10-07 Linjie Huang; Zhen Zhou; Hao Liu; Yi Si
In this study, friction dampers (FDs) were placed at the top and bottom of a post-tensioned (PT) self-centering glulam (SCG) beam-to-column joint to dissipate earthquake energy. PT tendons were installed in two externally elongated slots at the centroid of the beam to provide the system with self-centering capacity so that the system can return to its original position after an earthquake. Theoretical
-
Synthetic Source Inversion Tests with the Damped Isochrone Inversion Approach J. Earthq. Tsunami (IF 1.0) Pub Date : 2020-09-24 Wahyu Srigutomo; I G. P. F. S. Djaja; Nanang T. Puspito
Earthquake source parameters such as slip distribution and slip rate are useful information for understanding the physical processes behind earthquakes. The isochrone back-projection method, or isochrone-BPM, is one of the methods used to obtain slip distribution in the fault plane by incorporating the isochrone concept with back-projection method. Isochrone-BPM has advantages in its ease of implementation
-
Evaluation of Seismic Fragility Analysis of the Mega Sub-Controlled Structural System (MSCSS) J. Earthq. Tsunami (IF 1.0) Pub Date : 2020-08-29 Mustapha Abdulhadi; Zhang Xun’an; Buqiao Fan; Muhammad Moman
The improved mega sub-controlled structure system (MSCSS) significantly reduced the building responses and improved the control effectiveness as compared to conventional mega substructure (MSS). However, since the MSCSS is designed to resist future earthquakes, the seismic risk assessment of the structure remains a significant concern. In this study, the seismic risk analysis of MSCSS is performed
-
A Comprehensive Review of the Worldwide Existing Tsunami Databases J. Earthq. Tsunami (IF 1.0) Pub Date : 2020-08-18 Sixue Cheng; Jun Zeng; Haijiang Liu
Tsunami databases contain general information of historical tsunamis, which provides valuable and fundamental data to tsunami-related researches. Nevertheless, before adopting the information stored in various tsunami databases, users should be familiar with these databases’ individual features due to their inhomogeneity in data storage. To this end, a comprehensive review of the worldwide existing
-
Cyclic Behavior and Simplified Design Method of Hybrid Rocking Columns with External Energy-Dissipators J. Earthq. Tsunami (IF 1.0) Pub Date : 2020-08-18 Yongxing Li; Jianzhong Li; Yu Shen; Wenjing Xu
In recent years, hybrid rocking columns incorporating post-tensioned (PT) tendons and energy dissipation devices become prevalent on account of the superior self-centering capacity. In this paper, the simplified analysis method based on interface section analysis is employed to conduct parametric analyses on the hybrid rocking columns with external buckling-restrained devices, which are adopted as
-
Surface Evolution and Wave Loads on a Horizontal Plate in Different Tsunami-like Waves J. Earthq. Tsunami (IF 1.0) Pub Date : 2020-08-17 Qian Wang; Yong-Liu Fang; Hua Liu
Physical experiments are conducted to study the interaction between the tsunami-like waves and the horizontal plate. The surface evolution and wave-induced loads are measured to explore the hydrodynamic characteristics when different waves are employed to simulate the tsunami. The solitary wave, surge wave, and undular bore are generated in laboratory as the simplification of the offshore tsunami wave
-
Synthesis of Linear JTFA-Based Response Spectra for Structural Response and Seismic Reduction Measures for North-East India J. Earthq. Tsunami (IF 1.0) Pub Date : 2020-08-08 Deepa Devaraj; R. Ramkrishnan; T. Prabu; Sreevalsa Kolathayar; T. G. Sitharam
North-East India (NEI) has a long history of devastating earthquakes due to the complicated tectonic setting of the region. A shortage of sufficient recorded time-histories from the region calls for a synthesis of accelerograms for dynamic analyses. In this study, a novel Joint Time-Frequency Analysis (JTFA) technique is adopted for the synthesis of accelerograms, considering the non-stationary behavior
-
Concept and Behavior of a Steel Ring Restrainer with Variable Stiffness and Buffer Capacity J. Earthq. Tsunami (IF 1.0) Pub Date : 2020-08-07 Jubo Sun; Zhanfei Wang; Diwei Xue; Hanbin Ge
In this paper, a novel restrainer called steel ring restrainer (SRR) is proposed to prevent the unseating of bridges. The restrainer is comprised of a steel ring, an upper guiding pulley, a downward guiding pulley, and two connections. The SRR can provide different stiffnesses under different seismic excitations. The SRR is not activated under daily load but provides smaller stiffness in small and
-
Interaction of Urban Underground Twin Metro Tunnels Under Static and Earthquake Loading J. Earthq. Tsunami (IF 1.0) Pub Date : 2020-08-07 Rama Bhadran Jishnu; Ramanathan Ayothiraman
New Delhi is a city affected by near/far-field earthquakes, where underground metro construction activities have been undertaken since the early 2000s. Due to the seismic effects, these structures are designed by conventional force/displacement methods. The present study validates the efficacy of these methods, numerically. For this, varying geotechnical conditions in static and seismic cases were
-
Development of Simulation-Based Approach Using Frame Models Generated From GIS Features and BIM Data for Application to City Seismic Response Analysis of Low- to Mid-Rise RC Structures in Metro Manila J. Earthq. Tsunami (IF 1.0) Pub Date : 2020-08-06 Pher Errol B. Quinay; John Michael M. Soliman; Aileen Rachelle F. Fader
Many cities in the Philippines are situated near fault systems that can generate large magnitude of earthquakes. This paper describes the development of a city seismic response analysis approach for Metro Manila’s low- to mid-rise RC structures using frame models which are generated from GIS feature or BIM data. To create the three-dimensional (3D) models, features and structural details from BIM are
-
Flow Hydrodynamic Characteristics in the Dam-Break Induced Wave Tip Region J. Earthq. Tsunami (IF 1.0) Pub Date : 2020-08-06 Danhong Wu; Jia Shen; Haijiang Liu
Traditional models assuming a vertically uniform structure of the horizontal flow velocity and neglecting the vertical velocity distribution cannot accurately describe the complex boundary layer flow features in the dam-break induced wave tip region. Based on the assumption that the horizontal velocity profile in the wave tip region follows a vertically parabolic distribution with shear extending to
-
Kappa (κ) in the 2011 Great East Japan Earthquake J. Earthq. Tsunami (IF 1.0) Pub Date : 2020-08-06 Zhengru Tao; Xinyan Wang; Baihui Zhu; Tao Shang
Kappa (κ) describes the amplitude decay of acceleration Fourier spectrum at high frequencies. Using the records of K-NET and KiK-net stations during the mainshock of the 2011 Great East Japan Earthquake, we examine if the typical measurement method of κ can be extended to this size of event and how propagation path and site condition affect κ. The strength of the linear relationship between epicentral
-
Experimental Study on Dam-Break-Like Tsunami Surge Impacts on Small Balls Climbing on Different Slopes J. Earthq. Tsunami (IF 1.0) Pub Date : 2020-08-06 Cheng Chen; Fangyu Wang; Hui Lin
An experimental study was carried out to investigate the tsunami surge impacts on small balls climbing on different slopes. Dam-break flows were generated in a flume to simulate tsunami surge. The water surface profiles at the sluice gate were observed, the tsunami inundation height and the surge velocity in the flume were measured, and the maximum climbing heights of small balls on different slopes
-
A Numerical Study of Tsunami Generation by Horizontal Displacement of Sloping Seafloor J. Earthq. Tsunami (IF 1.0) Pub Date : 2020-04-13 Chentong Hu; Yifan Wu; Chao An; Hua Liu
Tsunamis are generated primarily by the vertical displacement of the seafloor if the seafloor is flat. If the seafloor is slanted, the horizontal motion also contributes to the generation of tsunamis. A previous study proposed that such effects can be estimated by simply calculating the elevation of water due to the horizontal displacement of the slope. Two more studies later argued that the horizontal
-
Applying Adaptive Pushover Analysis to Estimate Incremental Dynamic Analysis Curve J. Earthq. Tsunami (IF 1.0) Pub Date : 2020-02-27 Hamid Reza Ahmadi; Navideh Mahdavi; Mahmoud Bayat
To estimate seismic demand and capacity of structures, it has been suggested by researchers that Incremental Dynamic Analysis (IDA) is one of the most accurate methods. Although this method shows the most accurate response of the structure, some problems, such as difficulty in modeling, time-consuming analysis and selection of the earthquake records, encourage researchers to find some ways to estimate
-
Seismic Analysis of Structures Subjected to Spatially Varying Earthquake Using POD Vectors: Experimental and Analytical Studies J. Earthq. Tsunami (IF 1.0) Pub Date : 2020-02-27 K. Balamonica; N. Gopalakrishnan; A. Ramamohan Rao
Structures, such as bridges, pipelines which are supported at multiple places, will be subjected to differential excitation. A significant change in the correlation of the motions between the two supports is due to the combined effects of wave passage, coherency loss and local soil conditions. In the classical formulation, the response is divided into quasi-static and dynamic components and the latter
-
Inclined Perimeter Drains Performance as Liquefaction Countermeasure Techniques Below Existing Buildings J. Earthq. Tsunami (IF 1.0) Pub Date : 2020-02-27 Samy Garcıáa-Torres; Gopal Santana Phani Madabhushi
Reducing the risk of structural damage due to earthquake-induced liquefaction in new and existing buildings is a challenging problem in geotechnical engineering. Drainage countermeasure techniques against liquefaction have been studied over the last decades with an emphasis on the use of vertical drains. This technique aims to allow a rapid dissipation of excess pore pressures generated in the soil
-
Evaluation of Formation of Plastic Hinge and Seismic Behavior of Steel Structures Due to Soil–Structure–Tunnel Interaction J. Earthq. Tsunami (IF 1.0) Pub Date : 2020-02-07 Arash Rostami; Abdolreza S. Moghadam; Mahmood Hosseini; Nima Asghari
The seismic design of the structures is carried out by technical regulations and codes in free-field conditions (regardless of underground cavities). With the availability of tunnels and the complex interaction between the tunnel and the aboveground structures, which may be contemplated wrongly, it could be dangerous for over ground buildings and structures. Consequently, the examination of the underground
-
Seismic Response of Concrete-Canvas Reinforced Slopes: Influence of Tilt Degrees for Reinforcement J. Earthq. Tsunami (IF 1.0) Pub Date : 2020-01-28 Lin Zhou; Guangya Ding; Jie Tan; Xiaoxia Zhao; Jun Wang
A series of shaking table tests were conducted on reinforced slopes to study the slope dynamic characteristics. The influence of concrete-canvas tilt degrees on the seismic response was studied. By considering the effects of different concrete-canvas tilt degrees, the seismic responses of the reinforced slopes were analyzed, along with the accelerations, crest settlements, and horizontal displacements
-
Characteristics of a Hydraulic Jump Formed on Upstream Vegetation of Varying Density and Thickness J. Earthq. Tsunami (IF 1.0) Pub Date : 2020-01-28 Ghufran Ahmed Pasha; Norio Tanaka
The effectiveness of coastal vegetation as a barrier to mitigate a tsunami greatly depends on the magnitude of tsunami and vegetation structure. This paper summarizes a series of laboratory experiments that investigated the upstream flow structure and energy loss due to a hydraulic jump in a steady super-critical flow. The characteristics of the jump were determined against vegetation of variable density
-
Design, Optimization and Nonlinear Response Control Analysis of the Mega Sub-Controlled Structural System (MSCSS) Under Earthquake Action J. Earthq. Tsunami (IF 1.0) Pub Date : 2020-01-28 Mustapha Abdulhadi; Zhang Xun’an; Buqiao Fan; Muhammad Moman
The lately proposed mega sub-controlled structure (MSCSS) remarkably improved the seismic resistance ability and reduced vibration effects much more than the mega substructure (MSS). However, the controlling effectiveness and its optimization remain a significant concern. In this paper, a new configuration of MSCSS is analyzed in which viscous dampers are optimally arranged between mega-frame and substructural
-
Tsunami Overland Flow Characteristic and Its Effect on Palu Bay Due to the Palu Tsunami 2018 J. Earthq. Tsunami (IF 1.0) Pub Date : 2019-12-20 Yeremia Immanuel Sihombing; Mohammad Bagus Adityawan; Asrini Chrysanti; Widyaningtias; Mohammad Farid; Joko Nugroho; Arno Adi Kuntoro; Mipi Ananta Kusuma
On September 28, 2018, Palu Earthquake caused tremendous damage to the coastal area of Palu, Central Sulawesi, Indonesia. The epicenter was located at 27km northeast from Donggala Beach with a 10km depth. The magnitude of the earthquake was recorded at 7.4. This study assessed the tsunami overland characteristics and its outcome on the coastal area of Palu. The analysis was conducted based on satellite
-
The Effect of Steel Reinforcement on Seismic Damage to Concrete Gravity Dams Based on Distributed-Steel Model J. Earthq. Tsunami (IF 1.0) Pub Date : 2019-12-20 Shengshan Guo; Hui Liang; Yunrui Deng; Nan Wu; Deyu Li; Houqun Chen; Aijing Zhang
Tensile cracking at the position where geometry changes is a typical failure mode of gravity dams under strong earthquakes. Steel reinforcement has been proposed to reduce the degree of dam cracking. In this paper, a nonlinear model is presented to consider the interaction effect between the steel reinforcement and the dam concrete in a combined concrete damage model and distributed-steel model. In
-
The Effect of the Mainshock–Aftershock on the Estimation of the Separation Gap of Regular and Irregular Adjacent Structures with the Soft Story J. Earthq. Tsunami (IF 1.0) Pub Date : 2019-12-06 Mostafa Khatami; Mohsen Gerami; Ali Kheyroddin; Navid Siahpolo
One way for decreasing the effect of pounding is to set the separation gap between two adjacent buildings. On the one hand, earthquakes in earthquake-prone zones often occur as a chain of successive earth movements in the form of foreshock, mainshock and aftershock. On the other hand, the existence of soft story in the lowest story of the structure is the most common type of irregularity in lateral
-
Intrinsic and Scattering Attenuations in the Crust of the Racha Region, Georgia J. Earthq. Tsunami (IF 1.0) Pub Date : 2019-11-11 Ia Shengelia; Nato Jorjiashvili; Tea Godoladze; Zurab Javakhishvili; Nino Tumanova
Three hundred and thirty-five local earthquakes were processed and the attenuation properties of the crust in the Racha region were investigated using the records of seven seismic stations. We have estimated the quality factors of coda waves (Qc) and the direct S waves (Qs) by the single back scattering model and the coda normalization methods, respectively. The Wennerberg’s method has been used to
-
Experimental Investigations on the Seismic Behavior of Precast Concrete Columns with Novel Box Connections J. Earthq. Tsunami (IF 1.0) Pub Date : 2019-11-05 Xizhi Zhang; Shengbo Xu; Shaohua Zhang; Gaodong Xu
In this study, two types of novel box connections were developed to connect precast concrete (PC) columns and to ensure load transfer integrity. Cyclic loading tests were conducted to investigate the seismic behavior of the PC columns with proposed connections as well as the feasibility and reliability of novel box connections. The failure mode, hysteretic behavior, bearing capacity, ductility, stiffness
-
Transient Response of Irregular Surface by Periodically Distributed Semi-Sine Shaped Valleys: Incident SH Waves J. Earthq. Tsunami (IF 1.0) Pub Date : 2019-10-11 Mehdi Panji; Saeed Mojtabazadeh-Hasanlouei
An advanced direct half-plane time-domain boundary element method (BEM) was applied to obtain the seismic response of a linear elastic irregular surface including periodically distributed semi-sine shaped valleys subjected to propagating obliquely incident plane SH waves. After developing the method for complex multiple surface topographies, some verification examples were solved and compared with
-
High-Resolution Digital Elevation and Bathymetry Model for Tsunami Run-Up and Inundation Simulation in Penang J. Earthq. Tsunami (IF 1.0) Pub Date : 2019-09-26 Su Yean Teh; Hock Lye Koh; Yong Hui Lim
Many beaches in Penang island were severely inundated by the 26 December 2004 Indian Ocean mega tsunami with 57 deaths recorded. It is anticipated that the next big tsunami will cause even more damages to beaches in Penang. Hence, developing community resilience against the risks of the next tsunami is essential. Resilience entails many interlinked components, beginning with a good understanding of
-
Tsunami Assessment and Evacuation Analysis Using Remote Sensing for Tianya District of Sanya City, China J. Earthq. Tsunami (IF 1.0) Pub Date : 2019-09-26 Jingming Hou; Zhiyuan Ren; Peitao Wang; Juncheng Wang; Yi Gao
Tsunami is one of the world’s most dangerous marine disaster. In this paper, freely available remote sensing data are applied to study the hazard, vulnerability, and evacuation in the event that a tsunami strikes the district of Tianya in the city of Sanya. Tsunami inundation is calculated using a tsunami numerical model, and the tsunami vulnerability and evacuation in the inundation area are analyzed
-
The Evolution of Undular Bore in Coastal Zone: Effect of Bottom Slope, Friction and Special Topography J. Earthq. Tsunami (IF 1.0) Pub Date : 2019-09-26 Xi Zhao; Zhiyuan Ren; Hua Liu
When tsunami waves propagate into shallow and gentle continental shelves, the effects of submarine topography and wave dispersion lead to the appearance of undular bore. This kind of wave is quite different from the initial tsunami wave in the waveform, and its amplitude is enhanced significantly. The undular bore will cause great and repeated runups on the beach, which brings larger destruction to
-
Two-Layer Non-Hydrostatic Scheme for Simulations of Wave Runup J. Earthq. Tsunami (IF 1.0) Pub Date : 2019-09-26 M. A. Ginting; S. R. Pudjaprasetya; D. Adytia
There are indisputable research supporting scientific argument that propagation of (tsunami) wave from intermediate depth towards shallower coastal area needs dispersive wave model. For tsunami wave simulation, efficiency of the numerical scheme is an important issue. In this paper, the two-layer non-hydrostatic model as developed previously in Pudjaprasetya et al. [2017] “A non-hydrostatic two-layer
-
Numerical Simulation of Tsunami Propagation and Assessment of Its Impact on Dayawan Bay Nuclear Power Plant J. Earthq. Tsunami (IF 1.0) Pub Date : 2019-09-26 Dong Wang; Shaowu Li
Tsunami propagation over the entire Dayawan Bay was simulated using a 2D shallow water model to provide hydrodynamic boundary conditions for a 3D flow model, by which tsunami propagation inside the inlet of water-intake basin of the Dayawan Nuclear Power Plant (DNPP) was simulated. The 2D model covers the whole bay plus a little extension of the waters around the bay mouth. The sea side open boundary
-
Boulder Pickup by Tsunami Surge J. Earthq. Tsunami (IF 1.0) Pub Date : 2019-09-26 Samuel Harry; Margaret Exton; Harry Yeh
Study of boulder transport by tsunamis is challenging because boulder size, shape, and composition vary greatly; furthermore, flow conditions, topography, and initial conditions are generally unknown. To investigate the mechanism of boulder pickup, experiments of tsunami-like flow past spherical boulders partially buried in a sediment bed are conducted. The experiments are performed in a large centrifuge
-
Ionospheric GNSS Total Electron Content for Tsunami Warning J. Earthq. Tsunami (IF 1.0) Pub Date : 2019-09-26 Jann-Yenq Liu; Chi-Yen Lin; Yu-Lin Tsai; Tien-Chi Liu; Katsumi Hattori; Yang-Yi Sun; Tso-Ren Wu
Tsunami waves can induce tsunami traveling ionospheric disturbances (TTIDs) of the total electron content (TEC). In this study, we examine the TEC derived by ground-based receivers of the global positioning system (GPS) and identify TTIDs induced by 2004 Indian Ocean tsunami. Simulations of the COMCOT (Cornell multi-grid coupled tsunami) model and analyses of the circle method, the ray-tracing technique
-
Effect of Connection Deficiency on Seismic Performance of Precast Concrete Shear Wall-Frame Structures J. Earthq. Tsunami (IF 1.0) Pub Date : 2019-09-24 Zijian Cao; Quanwang Li
The quality of precast concrete (PC) component connections is one of the main factors that affect the seismic reliability of PC structures. China is developing PC structures in high seismic regions, and it is important to assess the effect of connection deficiency on seismic performance of PC structures. This paper presents a comprehensive method to assess the seismic reliability of PC shear wall-frame
-
Experimental Investigation of the Seismic Performance of a Novel Bolt-Assembled Precast Panel Building Structure J. Earthq. Tsunami (IF 1.0) Pub Date : 2019-09-24 W. Chen; F. Xiong; Y. Lu; J. Chen; B. Feng; P. Zhao; P. Malla
In this study, the authors investigated the behavior of the proposed bolt-assembled precast panel building (BPPB) system under the simulated seismic loading through a large experimental campaign. A pseudo-static test was carried out on a two-story half-scale building specimen constructed by many individual precast components which were properly joined together with bolted connections. The results show
-
Post-Yielding Behavior of Hinge-Supported Wall with Buckling-Restrained Braces in Base J. Earthq. Tsunami (IF 1.0) Pub Date : 2019-09-24 Xiaoyan Yang; Jing Wu; Jian Zhang; Yulong Feng
A novel structural wall with hinge support and buckling restrained braces (BRBs) set in the base (HWBB) is studied. HWBB can be applied to precast manufacturing due to its considerable ductility and the separate loading mechanism in HWBB–frame structure. In elastic stage, BRBs play a brace role to make the hinged wall resist horizontal forces like a shear wall. BRBs dissipate seismic energy through
-
Experimental Study on Seismic Behavior of Cluster-Reinforced Precast Concrete Columns with Grouting-Anchor Connections J. Earthq. Tsunami (IF 1.0) Pub Date : 2019-09-24 L. H. Xu; Q. L. Wang; M. Yu; Y. Chi; B. Yang; M. Liu; J. Q. Ye
The prefabricated residential buildings have become one of the most dominating construction methods in the modern construction industry. The seismic behavior of prefabricated components is crucial in the limit state design of the precast structure. This paper investigates the seismic behavior of a new type precast concrete column that has clustered steel reinforcement with grouting connection. Quasi-static
-
Seismic Performance of the Pre-Fabricated Steel Frame Infilled with AAC Wall Panels and their Joint Connection: Full-Scale Shaking Table Test J. Earthq. Tsunami (IF 1.0) Pub Date : 2019-09-24 Dongsheng Du; Shuguang Wang; Weiwei Li; Feng Xu; Weiqing Liu
A series of shaking table tests were performed to investigate the seismic behavior of the pre-fabricated steel frame structure infilled with autoclaved aerated concrete (AAC) external wall panels. The reliability of a new type of joint connections adopted in the structure between the steel frame and the wall panels was particularly validated during the test. Dynamic tests were carried out on a two-story
-
Influence Factors and Repair Effects of Seismic Damage to a Box Section Steel Pier J. Earthq. Tsunami (IF 1.0) Pub Date : 2019-09-24 Zhongqiu Fu; Dongyang Wu; Liang Fang; Donghua Chen; Bohai Ji
The seismic performance of a steel pier of box section was studied through low-cycle cyclic testing. The damaged specimens were repaired by filling with concrete and welding steel plates. The low-cycle cyclic test was then repeated. The effects of repairs were investigated by comparison of failure mode, energy dissipation performance, and ductility before and after repair. To supplement the data, the
-
Experimental Study on Shear Resistance of Precast RC Shear Walls with Novel Bundled Connections J. Earthq. Tsunami (IF 1.0) Pub Date : 2019-09-24 Yao Chen; Qian Zhang; Jian Feng; Zhe Zhang
This study presents shear resistance of precast reinforced concrete (RC) shear walls. A novel assembling method for upper and lower wall panels is proposed, whereas vertical steel bars are grouped into bundles and effectively connected in preformed holes. To evaluate the feasibility and shear resistance of such a connection method, three specimens of precast shear walls with different horizontal steel
-
Seismic Performance of Precast Concrete Composite Shear Walls with Multiple Boundary Elements J. Earthq. Tsunami (IF 1.0) Pub Date : 2019-09-24 W. C. Xue; Y. Li; L. Cai; X. Hu
Compared with traditional precast concrete composite shear walls (PCCSWs) with two boundary elements adjacent to edges, the PCCSWs with multiple boundary elements investigated in this paper have extra boundary elements at the intersections with other shear walls. In this paper, low reversed cyclic loading tests were conducted on three full-scale shear wall specimens with multiple boundary elements
-
Analysis of Influencing Factors and Numerical Simulation of Horizontal-to-Vertical Spectral Ratio Method J. Earthq. Tsunami (IF 1.0) Pub Date : 2019-09-18 Du Qingling; Liu Zhengping; Liu Shijie
To improve the calculation accuracy of the horizontal-to-vertical spectral ratio (HVSR) method, this study theoretically analyzed the influencing factors of Rayleigh wave polarizability. The phase difference of the horizontal component and the phase difference of the vertical component are found to play a key role in calculating the polarizability. The influence mechanism of the superposition of body
-
3D Ground Response Analysis of Simplified Kutch Basin by Spectral Element Method J. Earthq. Tsunami (IF 1.0) Pub Date : 2019-09-18 R. Vijaya; A. Boominathan; Ilario Mazzieri
The damage pattern observed during the 1819 Kutch earthquake and 2001 Bhuj earthquake of magnitude Mw>7.7 in India implied the significance of the effect of Kutch basin on seismic ground motion. In the present study, the Kutch rift basin is modeled as a simplified rectangular basin of size 150km × 90km × 1.5km. The shear wave velocity of the Kutch region varies from 300m/s at the surface to 800m/s
-
Composite Impulse Waves Triggered by a Combined Earthquake and Landslide J. Earthq. Tsunami (IF 1.0) Pub Date : 2019-08-30 Baoliang Wang; Lingkan Yao; Haixin Zhao; Cong Zhang
Impulse waves caused by a combination of earthquakes and landslides are a neglected problem in seismic research. In the Tibetan Plateau of China, where earthquakes and landslides are frequent and glacial lakes are widely distributed, even a small lake outburst could be catastrophic. However, minimal attention has been paid to the mechanism of impulse wave formation under the joint action of earthquakes
-
Seismic Performance of Concrete Bridge Piers Reinforced with Hybrid Shape Memory Alloy (SMA) and Steel Bars J. Earthq. Tsunami (IF 1.0) Pub Date : 2019-08-07 Jize Mao; Daoguang Jia; Zailin Yang; Nailiang Xiang
Lack of corrosion resistance and post-earthquake resilience will inevitably result in a considerable loss of function for concrete bridge piers with conventional steel reinforcement. As an alternative to steel reinforcement, shape memory alloy (SMA)-based reinforcing bars are emerging for improving the seismic performance of concrete bridge piers. This paper presents an assessment of concrete bridge
-
Seismic Fragility Analysis of Base-Isolated LNG Storage Tank for Selecting Optimum Friction Material of Friction Pendulum System J. Earthq. Tsunami (IF 1.0) Pub Date : 2019-06-13 Ji-Su Kim; Jung Pyo Jung; Ji-Hoon Moon; Tae-Hyung Lee; Jong Hak Kim; Tong-Seok Han
The objective of this study is to establish a system for selecting the optimum friction material to meet the seismic performance requirements of a liquefied natural gas tank with a friction pendulum system (FPS). A methodology for determining the optimum frictional material using seismic fragility analysis is suggested, and it is applied to materials with various frictional coefficients for FPS. Seismic
Contents have been reproduced by permission of the publishers.