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A hybrid model-data method for seismic response reconstruction of instrumented buildings Earthq. Spectra (IF 5.0) Pub Date : 2024-03-11 Farid Ghahari, Daniel Swensen, Hamid Haddadi, Ertugrul Taciroglu
This study presents a two-step hybrid (model-data fusion) method for reconstructing the seismic response of instrumented buildings at their non-instrumented floors. Over the past couple of decades, seismic data recorded within instrumented buildings have yielded invaluable insights into the behavior of civil structures, which were arguably impossible to obtain through numerical simulations, laboratory-scale
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Site-specific stochastic ground motion model utilizing deterministic physics-informed simulations: A Bayesian approach Earthq. Spectra (IF 5.0) Pub Date : 2024-03-07 Naveen Senthil, Ting Lin
Limited availability of recorded ground motions poses a challenge for reliable probabilistic seismic-hazard analysis (PSHA), even in highly seismic regions like the Western United States. Stochastic ground motions are commonly employed to address this challenge. However, the stochastic ground motion models (GMMs) may not consistently generate ground motions compatible with the site hazard due to their
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Liquefaction-induced ground and building interactions in İskenderun from the 2023 Kahramanmaraş earthquake sequence Earthq. Spectra (IF 5.0) Pub Date : 2024-03-07 Diane M Moug, Jonathan D Bray, Patrick Bassal, Jorge Macedo, Kristin Ulmer, K Önder Cetin, Sena Begüm Kendır, Arda Şahin, Cody Arnold, Murat Bikçe
Significant and widespread liquefaction occurred in İskenderun during the 2023 moment magnitude (Mw) 7.8 Kahramanmaraş earthquake. Liquefaction effects on buildings were observed in several areas of İskenderun, predominantly in areas of reclaimed land and near historic shorelines. Liquefaction-induced building settlements were particularly concentrated in the Çay District, which is almost entirely
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Power demands of structures from the Mw 7.8 earthquake of 6 February 2023 in Türkiye Earthq. Spectra (IF 5.0) Pub Date : 2024-03-04 Jui-Liang Lin, Che-Min Lin, Jyun-Yan Huang
Near-fault pulse-like (PL) ground motions generally transmit huge amounts of energy into structures during a relatively short period compared with non-pulse-like (NPL) ground motions. Consequently, power demand has emerged as a direct and distinctive measure for evaluating the risk that PL ground motions pose on structures. This study examines the power demands of structures subjected to ground motions
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The 2023 US National Seismic Hazard Model: Ground-motion characterization for the conterminous United States Earthq. Spectra (IF 5.0) Pub Date : 2024-02-29 Morgan P Moschetti, Brad T Aagaard, Sean K Ahdi, Jason Altekruse, Oliver S Boyd, Arthur D Frankel, Julie Herrick, Mark D Petersen, Peter M Powers, Sanaz Rezaeian, Allison M Shumway, James A Smith, William J Stephenson, Eric M Thompson, Kyle B Withers
We update the ground-motion characterization for the 2023 National Seismic Hazard Model (NSHM) for the conterminous United States. The update includes the use of new ground-motion models (GMMs) in the Cascadia subduction zone; an adjustment to the central and eastern United States (CEUS) GMMs to reduce misfits with observed data; an updated boundary for the application of GMMs for shallow, crustal
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A comparison of ground motions predicted through one-dimensional site response analyses and three-dimensional wave propagation simulations at regional scales Earthq. Spectra (IF 5.0) Pub Date : 2024-02-28 Wenyang Zhang, Yufeng Dong, Jorge GF Crempien, Pedro Arduino, Asli Kurtulus, Ertugrul Taciroglu
One-dimensional (1D) site response analysis (SRA), which considers vertically propagating seismic waves from the bedrock to the surface, has been a common technique among geotechnical engineers to examine site-specific ground shaking. However, observations from past earthquakes and analytical studies indicate that idealizations ingrained in 1D SRA may be too severe to capture the ground truth, such
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Dead people aren’t resilient Earthq. Spectra (IF 5.0) Pub Date : 2024-02-26 Robert Reitherman
Resilience, achieving rapid recovery so that society can bounce back from a disaster, is a desirable goal, but sometimes the focus should be only on safety. The 2023 Turkey/Syria earthquake illustrates the case where limited resources should be prioritized on safety, that is, the collapse prevention performance objective, rather than the significantly more expensive goal of post-earthquake functionality
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Book review: ¡Alerta!: Engineering on Shaky Ground Earthq. Spectra (IF 5.0) Pub Date : 2024-02-26 Lauren J. Vinnell
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Investigating the sensitivity of losses to time-dependent components of seismic risk modeling Earthq. Spectra (IF 5.0) Pub Date : 2024-02-19 Salvatore Iacoletti, Gemma Cremen, Carmine Galasso
Conventional earthquake risk modeling involves several notable simplifications, which neglect: (1) the effects on seismicity of interactions between adjacent faults and the long-term elastic rebound behavior of faults; (2) short-term hazard increases associated with aftershocks; and (3) the accumulation of damage in assets due to the occurrence of multiple earthquakes in a short time window, without
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Regional seismic velocity model for the U.S. Atlantic and Gulf Coastal Plains based on measured shear wave velocity, sediment thickness, and surface geology Earthq. Spectra (IF 5.0) Pub Date : 2024-02-17 Cassie Gann-Phillips, Ashly Cabas, Chunyang Ji, Chris Cramer, James Kaklamanos, Oliver Boyd
The Atlantic and Gulf Coastal Plains (CPs) are characterized by widespread accumulations of low-velocity sediments and sedimentary rock that overlay high-velocity bedrock. Geology and sediment thickness greatly influence seismic wave propagation, but current regional ground motion amplification and seismic hazard models include limited characterization of these site conditions. In this study, a new
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Consequences of consequence models: The impact of economies of scale on seismic loss estimates Earthq. Spectra (IF 5.0) Pub Date : 2024-02-13 MirAmir Banihashemi, Alessandra Miliziano, Ádám Zsarnóczay, Lydell Wiebe, Andre Filiatrault
The detailed evaluation of expected losses and damage experienced by structural and nonstructural components is a fundamental part of performance-based seismic design and assessment. The FEMA P-58 methodology represents the state of the art in this area. Increasing interest in improving structural performance and community resilience has led to widespread adoption of this methodology and the library
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Simulation of 0–7.5 Hz physics-based nonlinear ground motions for maximum credible earthquake scenarios at the Long Valley Dam, CA Earthq. Spectra (IF 5.0) Pub Date : 2024-02-12 Te-Yang Yeh, Kim Bak Olsen
We have conducted three-dimensional (3D) 0–7.5 Hz physics-based wave propagation simulations to model the seismic response of the Long Valley Dam (LVD), which has formed Lake Crowley in Central California, to estimate peak ground motions and settlement of the dam expected during maximum credible earthquake (MCE) scenarios on the nearby Hilton Creek Fault (HCF). We calibrated the velocity structure
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Hazard implications of synchronous fault rupture: Case study of the Wasatch and West Valley faults, Utah Earthq. Spectra (IF 5.0) Pub Date : 2024-02-12 Ivan G. Wong, Patricia A. Thomas
Synchronous rupture involving two or more antithetic or synthetic faults results in higher levels of ground shaking hazard compared to that computed separately for each fault. We describe methodologies to estimate the ground motions both deterministically and probabilistically using a square-root-sum-of-the-squares approach and provide a case study for the Salt Lake City segment of the Wasatch fault
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Directionality of FIV3 ground-motion intensities during the 6 February 2023 Kahramanmaraş, Türkiye earthquake doublet Earthq. Spectra (IF 5.0) Pub Date : 2024-02-12 Miguel Bravo-Haro, Pablo Heresi, Héctor Dávalos, Eduardo Miranda
At present time, ground-motion prediction models neglect the directionality observed in horizontal components of earthquake ground motions, that is, the important changes in ground-motion intensity that occur with changes in azimuth. This study presents an investigation of the directionality of a recently proposed measure of ground-motion intensity during the 6 February 2023, Mw 7.8 Pazarcık and Mw
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Discussion of “ASCE/SEI 41 assessment of reinforced concrete buildings: Benchmarking nonlinear dynamic procedures with empirical damage observations” Earthq. Spectra (IF 5.0) Pub Date : 2024-02-08 Bruce Maison, Shih-Ho Chao
This is a Discussion of the following article: Cook D., et al. (2023). ASCE/SEI 41 assessment of reinforced concrete buildings: Benchmarking nonlinear dynamic procedures with empirical damage observations, Earthquake Spectra, August 2023, Vol. 39, No. 3, pp. 1721–1754.
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An equivalent point-source stochastic model of the NGA-East ground-motion models Earthq. Spectra (IF 5.0) Pub Date : 2024-02-08 Shahram Pezeshk, Christie Assadollahi, Arash Zandieh
The main objective of this study is to estimate seismological parameters in Central and Eastern North America (CENA), including the geometrical spreading, anelastic attenuation, stress parameter, and site attenuation parameters. In this study, we use particle swarm optimization (PSO) to invert a weighted average of the median 5%-damped pseudo-spectral acceleration (PSA) predicted from the Next Generation
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A building imagery database for the calibration of machine learning algorithms Earthq. Spectra (IF 5.0) Pub Date : 2024-02-08 Vitor Silva, Romain Sousa, Feliz Ribeiro Gouveia, Jorge Lopes, Maria Joao Guerreiro
In the last decades, most efforts to catalog and characterize the built environment for multi-hazard risk assessment have focused on the exploration of census data, cadastral data sets, and local surveys. Typically, these sources of information are not updated regularly and lack sufficient information to characterize the seismic vulnerability of the building stock. Some recent efforts have demonstrated
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Displacement and damage analysis of earth dams during the 2023 Turkiye earthquake sequence Earthq. Spectra (IF 5.0) Pub Date : 2024-02-01 Ali Lashgari, Robb Eric S Moss
The earthquake sequence that occurred on 6 February 2023 in Turkiye caused significant damage to various infrastructures including geostructures such as dams. A total of 17 earth dams within a 200-km radius of the earthquake epicenter experienced varying degrees of damage, ranging from minor (∼2 cm) to major (up to ∼150 cm) deformations. As study of these reveals that the damaged dams are located within
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Large-scale damage assessment of buildings considering SSI and site amplification: The case of Thessaloniki Earthq. Spectra (IF 5.0) Pub Date : 2024-01-22 Chiara Amendola, Dimitris Pitilakis
Our study introduces a methodology to improve large-scale seismic damage assessment by incorporating site-specific fragility curves, considering soil–structure interaction (SSI) and site amplification (SAmp) effects. The proposed method proposes an enhanced building exposure model, using publicly available data and the open-source OpenQuake Engine software. The objective is to determine whether a more
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A novel experimental database on the cyclic response of mine tailings Earthq. Spectra (IF 5.0) Pub Date : 2024-01-20 Cody Arnold, Jorge Macedo
Understanding the cyclic response of mine tailings is key for areas with moderate to high seismicity and an active mining industry (e.g. the United States, Peru, and Chile). However, assessing the cyclic response of mine tailings still relies on procedures and correlations developed for natural soils (i.e. sands and clays). This is due to information on the cyclic response of mine tailings being rather
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A detailed damage investigation of an instrumented ductile reinforced concrete building following the M-7.8 Kaikoura earthquake Earthq. Spectra (IF 5.0) Pub Date : 2024-01-20 Mohamed Mostafa, Lucas Hogan, Max T. Stephens, Michael J. Olsen, Kenneth J. Elwood
Summarized in this article are the major findings from a detailed damage investigation of an instrumented ductile reinforced concrete moment frame building subjected to a design-level earthquake. The building sustained widespread damage during the 2016 M-7.8 Kaikoura earthquake and was subsequently demolished. Prior to demolition, the structural system was extensively surveyed to document the severity
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Small-strain site response of soft soils in the Sacramento-San Joaquin Delta region of California conditioned on VS30 and mHVSR Earthq. Spectra (IF 5.0) Pub Date : 2024-01-19 Tristan E Buckreis, Jonathan P Stewart, Scott J Brandenberg, Pengfei Wang
Sites located in the Sacramento-San Joaquin Delta region of California typically have peaty-organic soils near the ground surface, which are characteristically soft, with shear wave velocities as low as 30 m/s. These unusually soft geotechnical conditions, which are outside the range of applicability of existing ergodic site amplification models, can be anticipated to produce significant site effects
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Quantitative evaluation of the damage to RC buildings caused by the 2023 southeast Turkey earthquake sequence Earthq. Spectra (IF 5.0) Pub Date : 2024-01-12 Santiago Pujol, Idris Bedirhanoglu, Cemalettin Donmez, Jeffrey D Dowgala, Meltem Eryilmaz-Yildirim, Kari Klaboe, Fahri Baran Koroglu, Rémy D Lequesne, Baki Ozturk, Liam Pledger, Egemen Sonmez
Data from 15 earthquakes that occurred in 12 different countries are presented showing that, without better drift control, structures built with building codes allowing large seismic drifts are likely to keep leaving a wide wake of damage ranging from cracked partitions to building overturning. Following the earthquake sequence affecting southeast Turkey in 2023, a team led by Committee 133 of the
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Severe and nonuniform liquefaction damage of reclaimed ground contributed by interference between body waves and stratigraphic irregularity-induced surface waves Earthq. Spectra (IF 5.0) Pub Date : 2024-01-11 Kentaro Nakai, Toshihiro Noda, Akira Asaoka
The 2011 off the Pacific Coast of Tohoku earthquake caused extensive liquefaction damage to reclaimed land along the Tokyo Bay coast, even though it was approximately 400 km from the epicenter. The characteristics of the liquefaction damage include the fact that liquefaction occurred in soils with a high percentage of fine particles and that the distribution of liquefied and nonliquefied areas was
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Modeling post-disaster recovery: Accounting for rental and multi-family housing Earthq. Spectra (IF 5.0) Pub Date : 2024-01-08 Emily Mongold, Rodrigo Costa, Ádám Zsarnóczay, Jack W Baker
Post-disaster housing recovery models increase our understanding of recovery dynamics, vulnerable populations, and how people are affected by the direct losses that disasters create. Past recovery models have focused on single-family owner-occupied housing, while empirical evidence shows that rental units and multi-family housing are disadvantaged in post-disaster recovery. To fill this gap, this article
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Simulated site amplification for Central and Eastern North America: Data set development and amplification models Earthq. Spectra (IF 5.0) Pub Date : 2024-01-05 Okan Ilhan, Youssef MA Hashash, Jonathan P Stewart, Ellen M Rathje, Sissy Nikolaou, Kenneth W Campbell
This article presents a suite of response spectrum (RS) and Fourier amplitude spectrum (FAS) site amplification models for Central and Eastern North America (CENA). The amplification database used in model development was produced through large-scale one-dimensional site response analyses and overcomes limitations of prior databases by providing broader coverage of anticipated site conditions. New
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A cone penetration test database for multiple thin-layer correction procedure development Earthq. Spectra (IF 5.0) Pub Date : 2024-01-04 Kaleigh M Yost, Alba Yerro, Eileen R Martin, Russell A Green
Cone penetration tests (CPTs) are a commonly used in situ method to characterize soil. The recorded data are used for various applications, including earthquake-induced liquefaction evaluation. However, data recorded at a given depth in a CPT sounding are influenced by the properties of all the soil that falls within the zone of influence around the cone tip rather than only the soil at that particular
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Elevated collapse risk based on decaying aftershock hazard and damaged building fragilities Earthq. Spectra (IF 5.0) Pub Date : 2024-01-04 Anne M Hulsey, Francisco A Galvis, Jack W Baker, Gregory G Deierlein
This article proposes a framework to support postearthquake building safety and reoccupancy decisions by quantifying the change in building collapse risk following a mainshock earthquake event. This risk may be exacerbated by both an increase in seismic hazard due to aftershock activity and a reduction in building collapse resistance due to structural damage. To address these factors, the framework
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Shallow three-dimensional shear wave velocity model for the Mexico City Basin Earthq. Spectra (IF 5.0) Pub Date : 2024-01-03 Clinton M Wood, Rendon M Rieth, Salman Rahimi, Mohammadyar Rahimi, Alejandro Rosado-Fuentes, Juan M Mayoral, Daniel de la Rosa, Francisco J Sánchez-Sesma, Hugo Cruz-Jiménez
In this study, a simplified shallow three-dimensional shear wave velocity (Vs) model is presented for the Mexico City Basin. To this end, previous studies were carefully reviewed to assemble a database of Vs and site period measurements for the region. The new site period measurements obtained at the western edge of the Basin were compared to the existing 2004 Complementary Technical Standards of Mexico
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A refined simulation method of building earthquake evacuation processes considering multi-exits and time-variant velocities Earthq. Spectra (IF 5.0) Pub Date : 2024-01-03 Yinghao Duan, Chenyun Li, Jun He
This study proposes a refined method for effectively simulating the evacuation processes of multi-story buildings during earthquakes. The method is developed by combining the exit-option algorithm and multi-velocity field model with the previously developed probabilistic network-based floor-field cellular automaton (PN-FFCA) model. Besides, the formula is also proposed for calculating the time-variant
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Mean-to-median spectral acceleration ratios in Senior Seismic Hazard Analysis Committee Level 3 probabilistic seismic hazard analyses: An analysis of reported results Earthq. Spectra (IF 5.0) Pub Date : 2024-01-02 Alessandro Valentini, Francisco Beltran
In many countries, seismic characterization of the site selected for a critical structure or industrial facility is required in terms of site-specific seismic ground motion hazard. For this purpose, a probabilistic seismic hazard analysis (PSHA), performed under the Senior Seismic Hazard Analysis Committee (SSHAC) protocol, is an extended practice for nuclear facilities. In the past decade, SSHAC Level
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Experimental-based numerical simulation of interacting suspended ceiling-sprinkler piping systems Earthq. Spectra (IF 5.0) Pub Date : 2024-01-02 Siavash Soroushian, Razieh Rezvani, Arash E Zaghi, Manos Maragakis
Suspended ceiling and fire sprinkler piping (CP) systems are two of the most common interacting nonstructural elements inside the buildings. While each of these elements individually is prone to losses during the earthquakes, their interaction can even more intensify their associated damage. This article aims to integrate system-level modeling methodology by using existing subsystem-level models in
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Fragility modeling practices and their implications on risk and resilience analysis: From the structure to the network scale Earthq. Spectra (IF 5.0) Pub Date : 2024-01-02 Raul Rincon, Jamie Ellen Padgett
Although fragility function development for structures is a mature field, it has recently thrived on new algorithms propelled by machine learning (ML) methods along with heightened emphasis on functions tailored for community- to regional-scale application. This article seeks to critically assess the implications of adopting alternative traditional and emerging fragility modeling practices within seismic
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A methodology to assess and select seismic fragility curves: Application to the case of Costa Rica Earthq. Spectra (IF 5.0) Pub Date : 2023-05-10 Laura Navas-Sánchez, Maribel Jiménez-Martínez, Beatriz González-Rodrigo, Orlando Hernández-Rubio, Luis Diego Dávila-Migoya, Belén Orta-Rial, Diego Hidalgo-Leiva
Different seismic risk studies have been carried out in the Central American region to quantify the human and economic losses caused by seismic events. The appropriate use of seismic fragility curv...
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Limit states for post-earthquake assessment and recovery analysis of ductile concrete components Earthq. Spectra (IF 5.0) Pub Date : 2023-05-03 Eyitayo A Opabola, Saman A Abdullah, Kenneth J Elwood, John Wallace
Post-earthquake assessment procedures require component deformation limits to identify locations for visual inspection and locations needing structural repair. This study proposes a framework for d...
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Relational database for building strong motion recordings used for seismic impact assessments Earthq. Spectra (IF 5.0) Pub Date : 2023-05-02 Eusef Abdelmalek-Lee, Tricia Jain, Sebastian Galicia Madero, Han Sun, Henry Burton, John Wallace
Historical data play a primary role in reconstructing building seismic responses and assessing damage in near-real time. While these types of data sets exist, they are often fragmented, difficult t...
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Seismic performance of soil–tunnel–building systems in stiff soils Earthq. Spectra (IF 5.0) Pub Date : 2023-04-29 Juan M Mayoral, Mauricio Alcaraz, Simón Tepalcapa
In order to study seismic soil–tunnel–building interaction in stiff soils, a metro station currently under construction, located near by a 5-story masonry building, was selected as a test site for ...
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Spectral acceleration basin amplification factors for interface Cascadia Subduction Zone earthquakes in Canada’s 2020 national seismic hazard model Earthq. Spectra (IF 5.0) Pub Date : 2023-04-28 Preetish Kakoty, Carlos Molina Hutt, Hadi Ghofrani, Sheri Molnar
Canada’s 2020 national seismic hazard model (CSHM 2020) provides hazard estimates for interface Cascadia Subduction Zone (CSZ) earthquakes in southwestern Canada using four ground motion models (GM...
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Test program on stiffened column bases subjected to cyclic loading Earthq. Spectra (IF 5.0) Pub Date : 2023-04-24 Niloufar Behboud, Farzin Zareian, Alireza Rezaeian
This article presents the recorded data from an experimental campaign on stiffened steel column bases. The connection configuration comprises an exposed base plate on which vertical stiffeners are ...
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Earthquake perception data highlight natural frequency details of Italian buildings Earthq. Spectra (IF 5.0) Pub Date : 2023-04-17 Patrizia Tosi, Valerio De Rubeis, Paola Sbarra
As the distance from an earthquake increases, the percentage of people who do not feel it also increases. The average transition distance between “felt” and “not felt” reports is mainly determined ...
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A latent Gaussian process model for the spatial distribution of liquefaction manifestation Earthq. Spectra (IF 5.0) Pub Date : 2023-04-10 Zach Bullock, Paolo Zimmaro, Grigorios Lavrentiadis, Pengfei Wang, Olaide Ojomo, Domniki Asimaki, Ellen M Rathje, Jonathan P Stewart
This paper presents a model for distributing zones of liquefaction and nonliquefaction for use in regional liquefaction risk analysis. There are two broad methodologies that have been used to evalu...
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Modeling future economic costs and interdependent industry recovery after earthquakes Earthq. Spectra (IF 5.0) Pub Date : 2023-04-08 Maryia Markhvida, Jack W Baker
Large earthquakes cause widespread damage and can result in substantial direct and indirect economic losses. Previous researchers have proposed separate models for predicting region-wide direct and...
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Risk-targeted hazard for seismic design in New Zealand considering individual and societal risk targets Earthq. Spectra (IF 5.0) Pub Date : 2023-03-31 Nick Horspool, Anne Hulsey, Kenneth Elwood, Matthew Gerstenberger
The promotion of risk-targeted hazard as the basis of seismic design internationally has increased over the past decade. Risk-targeted hazard estimates are derived through convolution of hazard cur...
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Exploring Australian hazard map exceedance using an Atlas of historical ShakeMaps Earthq. Spectra (IF 5.0) Pub Date : 2023-03-27 Trevor I Allen, Hadi Ghasemi, Jonathan D Griffin
This article explores several area-based tests of long-term seismic hazard forecasts for the Australian continent. Using the observed seismicity, ShakeMaps are calculated for earthquakes that are e...
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Earthquake-induced building damage recognition from unmanned aerial vehicle remote sensing using scale-invariant feature transform characteristics and support vector machine classification Earthq. Spectra (IF 5.0) Pub Date : 2023-03-27 Ying Zhang, Hongmei Guo, Wengang Yin, Zhen Zhao, Changjiang Lu
Building damage is the main cause of casualties and economic losses from earthquakes. Therefore, understanding building damage is critical for emergency handling. Current information acquisition me...
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Uses of epistemic uncertainties in the USGS National Seismic Hazard Models Earthq. Spectra (IF 5.0) Pub Date : 2023-03-18 N. Simon Kwong, Kishor S. Jaiswal
The need for US Geological Survey (USGS) National Seismic Hazard Models (NSHMs) to report estimates of epistemic uncertainties in the hazard (e.g. fractile hazard curves) in all forthcoming release...
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Parametric study on the collapse probability of modern reinforced concrete frames with infills Earthq. Spectra (IF 5.0) Pub Date : 2023-03-14 Mayank Sharma, Yogendra Singh, Henry V Burton
This study aims to compare the collapse probability of reinforced concrete infilled frames designed in accordance with modern Indian seismic codes. Multiple versions of bare and infilled (both full...
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A seismological method for estimating the long-period transition period TL in the seismic building code Earthq. Spectra (IF 5.0) Pub Date : 2023-03-14 Christie Assadollahi, Shahram Pezeshk, Kenneth Campbell
Many changes have been made to the design response spectrum used in the ASCE 7 Standard in recent years. One parameter that has not been investigated or revisited since its first appearance in FEMA...
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Impact of ground-motion duration on nonlinear structural performance: Part I: spectrally equivalent records and inelastic single-degree-of-freedom systems Earthq. Spectra (IF 5.0) Pub Date : 2023-03-14 Kenneth Otárola, Roberto Gentile, Luis Sousa, Carmine Galasso
In current seismic performance-based assessment approaches, nonlinear dynamic analysis of structures generally relies on ground motions selected based on their pseudo-spectral accelerations, with l...
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Impact of ground-motion duration on nonlinear structural performance: Part II: site- and building-specific analysis Earthq. Spectra (IF 5.0) Pub Date : 2023-03-05 Kenneth Otárola, Luis Sousa, Roberto Gentile, Carmine Galasso
This study’s Part I proved that ground-motion duration could play an important role when assessing the nonlinear structural performance of case-study inelastic single degree-of-freedom systems. How...
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A framework to quantify the effectiveness of earthquake early warning in mitigating seismic risk Earthq. Spectra (IF 5.0) Pub Date : 2023-02-24 Athanasios N Papadopoulos, Maren Böse, Laurentiu Danciu, John Clinton, Stefan Wiemer
Earthquake early warning systems (EEWSs) aim to rapidly detect earthquakes and provide timely alerts, so that users can take protective actions prior to the onset of strong ground shaking. The prom...
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Semiempirical model for the estimation of site amplification in Northern South America Earthq. Spectra (IF 5.0) Pub Date : 2023-02-25 Vicente Mercado, Cesar A Pajaro, Carlos A Arteta, Fernando J Díaz, Julián Montejo, Mónica Arcila, Norman A Abrahamson
This article proposes a semiempirical model to estimate seismic site effects based on a predominant-period classification scheme for application in earthquake ground-motion models (GMMs). The propo...
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Seismic loss and resilience assessment of tall-coupled cross-laminated timber wall building Earthq. Spectra (IF 5.0) Pub Date : 2023-02-13 Tian You, Biniam Tekle Teweldebrhan, Wei Wang, Solomon Tesfamariam
Balloon-type cross-laminated timber coupled-wall (CLT-CW) structure is an emerging and sustainable option for constructing tall timber buildings. The structure features buckling restrained brace (B...
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Improved estimation of P-delta effects on the response of bilinear SDOF systems Earthq. Spectra (IF 5.0) Pub Date : 2023-02-09 Giovanni De Francesco, Timothy J. Sullivan
P-delta (PΔ) effects can worsen the seismic performance of building and bridge structures and potentially lead to dynamic instability and collapse. An accurate characterization of PΔ effects is the...
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Assessment of the prediction of ground motion parameters in 1D ground response analysis using data from seismic arrays and centrifuge experiments Earthq. Spectra (IF 5.0) Pub Date : 2023-02-01 Caroline Bessette, Samuel Yniesta
Peak ground acceleration (PGA), peak ground velocity (PGV), and spectral acceleration are among the most widely used metrics to represent seismic hazard characteristics in practice. Several simplif...
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Ground-motion model for the standardized version of cumulative absolute velocity Earthq. Spectra (IF 5.0) Pub Date : 2023-01-27 Kenneth W Campbell, Yousef Bozorgnia
After publishing its original definition of cumulative absolute velocity (CAV), the Electric Power Research Institute (EPRI) proposed a standardized version of CAV that it recommended is a better i...
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Peculiar characteristics of ground motions in Southern Italy: Insights from global and regional ground motion models Earthq. Spectra (IF 5.0) Pub Date : 2023-01-25 Gianluca Regina, Paolo Zimmaro, Matteo Taroni, Aybige Akinci
We investigate peculiar characteristics of ground motions in Southern Italy (e.g. apparent fast anelastic attenuation and trends of event terms at different periods) using a comprehensive dataset o...
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Ground motion model for Peninsular India using an artificial neural network Earthq. Spectra (IF 5.0) Pub Date : 2023-01-24 Yellapragada Meenakshi, Sreenath Vemula, Akshay Alne, STG Raghukanth
Ground motion models (GMMs) are an essential tool for seismic hazard analysis. They are used for developing predictive relationships to estimate the expected levels of seismic ground shaking throug...
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Seismic bearing capacity for strip footings above voids in cohesive-frictional soils Earthq. Spectra (IF 5.0) Pub Date : 2023-01-24 Yao Xiao, Minghua Zhao, Rui Zhang
In this article, the seismic bearing capacity for strip footings above square voids in cohesive-frictional soils is presented. A numerical study is performed by using adaptive finite element limit ...
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Experimental damage observations and component fragilities for wood-framed houses with cripple walls Earthq. Spectra (IF 5.0) Pub Date : 2023-01-24 Brandon Schiller, David P Welch, Kelly Cobeen, Greg G Deierlein, Tara Hutchinson
Assessment of damage to homes following a significant earthquake has found that the primary reason for major structural damage and failure is due to inadequate lateral bracing of cripple walls and ...