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Characteristics of Large-Scale Circulation Affecting the Inter-Annual Precipitation Variability in Northern Sumatra Island during Boreal Summer Atmosphere (IF 2.397) Pub Date : 2021-01-22 Yahya Darmawan; Huang-Hsiung Hsu; Jia-Yuh Yu
This study aims to explore the contrasting characteristics of large-scale circulation that led to the precipitation anomalies over the northern parts of Sumatra Island. Further, the impact of varying the Asian–Australian Monsoon (AAM) was investigated for triggering the precipitation variability over the study area. The moisture budget analysis was applied to quantify the most dominant component that
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High-Resolution Simulation of Polar Lows over Norwegian and Barents Seas Using the COSMO-CLM and ICON Models for the 2019–2020 Cold Season Atmosphere (IF 2.397) Pub Date : 2021-01-22 Anastasia Revokatova; Michail Nikitin; Gdaliy Rivin; Inna Rozinkina; Andrei Nikitin; Ekaterina Tatarinovich
The lack of meteorological observations at high latitudes and the small size and relatively short lifetime of polar lows (PLs) constitute a problem in the simulation and prediction of these phenomena by numerical models. On the other hand, PLs, which are rapidly developing, can lead to such extreme weather events as stormy waves, strong winds, the icing of ships, and snowfalls with low visibility,
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Assessment of TAF, METAR, and SPECI Reports Based on ICAO ANNEX 3 Regulation Atmosphere (IF 2.397) Pub Date : 2021-01-22 Josef Novotny; Karel Dejmal; Vladimir Repal; Martin Gera; David Sladek
The Terminal Aerodrome Forecast (TAF) is one of the most prominent and widely accepted forecasting tools for flight planning. The reliability of this instrument is crucial for its practical applicability, and its quality may further affect the overall air transport safety and economic efficiency. The presented study seeks to objectify the assessment of the success rate of TAFs in the full breadth of
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Modeling Low Intensity Fires: Lessons Learned from 2012 RxCADRE Atmosphere (IF 2.397) Pub Date : 2021-01-22 Rodman R. Linn; Judith L. Winterkamp; James H. Furman; Brett Williams; J. Kevin Hiers; Alexandra Jonko; Joseph J. O’Brien; Kara M. Yedinak; Scott Goodrick
Coupled fire-atmosphere models are increasingly being used to study low-intensity fires, such as those that are used in prescribed fire applications. Thus, the need arises to evaluate these models for their ability to accurately represent fire spread in marginal burning conditions. In this study, wind and fuel data collected during the Prescribed Fire Combustion and Atmospheric Dynamics Research Experiments
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Effect of the El Niño Decaying Pace on the East Asian Summer Monsoon Circulation Pattern during Post-El Niño Summers Atmosphere (IF 2.397) Pub Date : 2021-01-22 Wenping Jiang; Gen Li; Gongjie Wang
El Niño events vary from case to case with different decaying paces. In this study, we demonstrate that the different El Niño decaying paces have distinct impacts on the East Asian monsoon circulation pattern during post-El Niño summers. For fast decaying (FD) El Niño summers, a large-scale anomalous anticyclone dominates over East Asia and the North Pacific from subtropical to mid-latitude; whereas
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Polar Middle Atmospheric Responses to Medium Energy Electron (MEE) Precipitation Using Numerical Model Simulations Atmosphere (IF 2.397) Pub Date : 2021-01-20 Ji-Hee Lee; Geonhwa Jee; Young-Sil Kwak; Heejin Hwang; Annika Seppälä; In-Sun Song; Esa Turunen; Dae-Young Lee
Energetic particle precipitation (EPP) is known to be an important source of chemical changes in the polar middle atmosphere in winter. Recent modeling studies further suggest that chemical changes induced by EPP can also cause dynamic changes in the middle atmosphere. In this study, we investigated the atmospheric responses to the precipitation of medium-to-high energy electrons (MEEs) over the period
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Performance Assessment of GSMaP and GPM IMERG Products during Typhoon Mangkhut Atmosphere (IF 2.397) Pub Date : 2021-01-21 Xiaoyu Li; Sheng Chen; Zhenqing Liang; Chaoying Huang; Zhi Li; Baoqing Hu
This paper evaluated the latest version 6.0 Global Satellite Mapping of Precipitation (GSMaP) and version 6.0 Integrated Multi-satellitE Retrievals for Global Precipitation Measurement (IMERG) products during 2018 Typhoon Mangkhut in China. The reference data is the rain gauge datasets from Gauge-Calibrated Climate Prediction Centre (CPC) Morphing Technique (CMORPHGC). The products for comparison include
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A Constrained Stochastic Weather Generator for Daily Mean Air Temperature and Precipitation Atmosphere (IF 2.397) Pub Date : 2021-01-21 Feifei Pan; Lisa Nagaoka; Steve Wolverton; Samuel F. Atkinson; Timothy A. Kohler; Marty O′Neill
A constrained stochastic weather generator (CSWG) for producing daily mean air temperature and precipitation based on annual mean air temperature and precipitation from tree-ring records is developed and tested in this paper. The principle for stochastically generating daily mean air temperature assumes that temperatures in any year can be approximated by a sinusoidal wave function plus a perturbation
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Particulate Matter Profiles along the Rack Railway Route Using Low-Cost Sensor Atmosphere (IF 2.397) Pub Date : 2021-01-20 Abdul Samad; Anas Maali; Bernd Laquai; Ulrich Vogt
Air pollution due to Particulate Matter (PM) is an increasing concern of global extent. It has been the focus of many research projects worldwide and the latest low-cost technology is offering an ease and cheap way to monitor PM concentration. In this research, a low-cost PM monitoring platform was built with the objectives of evaluating its feasibility and its performance in mobile measurements, as
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Experimental Determination of Pedestrian Thermal Comfort on Water-Retaining Pavement for UHI Adaptation Strategy Atmosphere (IF 2.397) Pub Date : 2021-01-20 Yasuhiro Shimazaki; Masashige Aoki; Jumpei Nitta; Hodaka Okajima; Atsumasa Yoshida
Artificial impervious surfaces are one of the most significant factors contributing to urban heat islands (UHIs). Adapting to UHIs is a challenge in achieving thermal comfort. We conducted a quantitative and subjective evaluation of a closely paved novel water-retaining pavement (WR) and a conventional dense-asphalt pavement (AS). We investigated the thermal states of humans based on the human energy
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Valley Winds at the Local Scale: Correcting Routine Weather Forecast Using Artificial Neural Networks Atmosphere (IF 2.397) Pub Date : 2021-01-20 Florian Dupuy; Gert-Jan Duine; Pierre Durand; Thierry Hedde; Eric Pardyjak; Pierre Roubin
In regions of complex topography, local flows are difficult to forecast on a routine basis, especially in stable conditions, due to the coarse resolution of operational models. The Cadarache valley (southeastern France) features this sort of complex topography. The Weather Research and Forecasting (WRF) model is run daily to forecast the weather in this region with a horizontal resolution of 3 km.
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Modelling Exposure from Airborne Hazardous Short-Duration Releases in Urban Environments Atmosphere (IF 2.397) Pub Date : 2021-01-20 John G. Bartzis; George C. Efthimiou; Spyros Andronopoulos
When considering accidental or/and deliberate releases of airborne hazardous substances the release duration is often short and in most cases not precisely known. The downstream exposure in those cases is stochastic due to ambient turbulence and strongly dependent on the release duration. Depending on the adopted modelling approach, a relatively large number of dispersion simulations may be required
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Different Relationships between Arctic Oscillation and Ozone in the Stratosphere over the Arctic in January and February Atmosphere (IF 2.397) Pub Date : 2021-01-20 Meichen Liu; Dingzhu Hu
We compare the relationship between the Arctic Oscillation (AO) and ozone concentration in the lower stratosphere over the Arctic during 1980–1994 (P1) and 2007–2019 (P2) in January and February using reanalysis datasets. The out-of-phase relationship between the AO and ozone in the lower stratosphere is significant in January during P1 and February during P2, but it is insignificant in January during
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Quantifying the Impact of the Covid-19 Lockdown Measures on Nitrogen Dioxide Levels throughout Europe Atmosphere (IF 2.397) Pub Date : 2021-01-20 Sverre Solberg; Sam-Erik Walker; Philipp Schneider; Cristina Guerreiro
In this paper, the effect of the lockdown measures on nitrogen dioxide (NO2) in Europe is analysed by a statistical model approach based on a generalised additive model (GAM). The GAM is designed to find relationships between various meteorological parameters and temporal metrics (day of week, season, etc.) on the one hand and the level of pollutants on the other. The model is first trained on measurement
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Solar Ultraviolet Radiation in Pretoria and Its Relations to Aerosols and Tropospheric Ozone during the Biomass Burning Season Atmosphere (IF 2.397) Pub Date : 2021-01-20 D. Jean du Preez; Hassan Bencherif; Thierry Portafaix; Kévin Lamy; Caradee Yael Wright
Biomass burning has an impact on atmospheric composition as well as human health and wellbeing. In South Africa, the biomass burning season extends from July to October and affects the aerosol loading and tropospheric ozone concentrations which in turn impact solar ultraviolet radiation (UVR) levels at the surface. Using ground-based observations of aerosols, tropospheric ozone and solar UVR (as well
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Solar Photovoltaic Forecasting of Power Output Using LSTM Networks Atmosphere (IF 2.397) Pub Date : 2021-01-18 Maria Konstantinou; Stefani Peratikou; Alexandros G. Charalambides
The penetration of renewable energies has increased during the last decades since it has become an effective solution to the world’s energy challenges. Among all renewable energy sources, photovoltaic (PV) technology is the most immediate way to convert solar radiation into electricity. Nevertheless, PV power output is affected by several factors, such as location, clouds, etc. As PV plants proliferate
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Atmospheric Dynamics and Numerical Simulations of Six Frontal Dust Storms in the Middle East Region Atmosphere (IF 2.397) Pub Date : 2021-01-18 Nasim Hossein Hamzeh; Sara Karami; Dimitris G. Kaskaoutis; Ina Tegen; Mohamad Moradi; Christian Opp
This study analyzes six frontal dust storms in the Middle East during the cold period (October–March), aiming to examine the atmospheric circulation patterns and force dynamics that triggered the fronts and the associated (pre- or post-frontal) dust storms. Cold troughs mostly located over Turkey, Syria and north Iraq played a major role in the front propagation at the surface, while cyclonic conditions
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Designing a Climate Service for Planning Climate Actions in Vulnerable Countries Atmosphere (IF 2.397) Pub Date : 2021-01-16 Christiana Photiadou; Berit Arheimer; Thomas Bosshard; René Capell; Maria Elenius; Ilaria Gallo; Frida Gyllensvärd; Katharina Klehmet; Lorna Little; Isabel Ribeiro; Léonard Santos; Elin Sjökvist
The next generation of climate services needs not only tailoring to specific user needs but to provide, in addition, access to key information in a usable way that satisfies the needs of different users’ profiles; especially web-based services. Here, we present the outcomes from developing such a new interactive prototype. The service provides data for robust climate analysis to underpin decision-making
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Numerical Simulation of a Heavy Rainstorm in Northeast China Caused by the Residual Vortex of Typhoon 1909 (Lekima) Atmosphere (IF 2.397) Pub Date : 2021-01-16 Yiping Wang; Tong Wang
From 14 to 17 August 2019, a heavy rainstorm occurred in Northeast China due to the combined influence of the residual vortex of typhoon 1909 (Lekima) and cold air intrusion. Based on the precipitation data of China Meteorological observation stations, surface and upper charts, HMW-8 satellite images, NCEP/NCAR 0.25° × 0.25° reanalysis data and WRF4.0 numerical prediction model are used to carry out
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First High-Frequency Underway Observation of DMS Distribution in the Southern Ocean during Austral Autumn Atmosphere (IF 2.397) Pub Date : 2021-01-16 Intae Kim; Miming Zhang; Kitae Kim; Keyhong Park
We investigate the distribution of dimethyl sulfide (DMS) in the Southern Ocean’s (50° W to 170° W) surface water, including the Antarctic Peninsula and the marginal sea ice zone (MIZ) in the Ross and Amundsen Seas. This is the first high-frequency observation conducted in the austral autumn (in April) in the Southern Ocean. The mean DMS concentration was 2.7 ± 2.5 nM (1 σ) for the entire study area
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Assessment of Climate Change in Central Asia from 1980 to 2100 Using the Köppen-Geiger Climate Classification Atmosphere (IF 2.397) Pub Date : 2021-01-17 Huili He; Geping Luo; Peng Cai; Rafiq Hamdi; Piet Termonia; Philippe De Maeyer; Alishir Kurban; Jianjun Li
The accelerated global warming and heterogeneous change in precipitation have been resulting in climate system shifts, which plays a key role in the stability of ecosystem and social economic development. Central Asia is account 80% of the temperate desert, characterized by fragile ecosystem; however, it has experienced the fastest warming in recent decades and projected warming in future. The Köppen-Geiger
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Diagnosing ISO Forecast from GloSea5 Using Dynamic-Oriented ISO Theory Atmosphere (IF 2.397) Pub Date : 2021-01-15 Young-Min Yang; Taehyoun Shim; Ja-Yeon Moon; Ki-Young Kim; Yu-Kyung Hyun
A Madden–Jillian oscillation (MJO) and boreal summer intraseasonal oscillation (BSISO) are important climate variabilities, which affect a forecast of weather and climate. In this study, the MJO and the BSISO hindcasts from the Global Seasonal Forecast System, version 5 (GS5) were diagnosed using dynamic-oriented theories. We additionally analyzed the GS5 climatological run to identify whether the
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Building Performance Evaluation of a New Hospital Building in the UK: Balancing Indoor Environmental Quality and Energy Performance Atmosphere (IF 2.397) Pub Date : 2021-01-15 Nishesh Jain; Esfand Burman; Samuel Stamp; Clive Shrubsole; Roderic Bunn; Tin Oberman; Edward Barrett; Francesco Aletta; Jian Kang; Peter Raynham; Dejan Mumovic; Mike Davies
Hospitals are controlled yet complex ecosystems which provide a therapeutic environment that promotes healing, wellbeing and work efficiency for patients and staff. As these buildings accommodate the sick and vulnerable, occupant wellbeing and good indoor environmental quality (IEQ) that deals with indoor air quality (IAQ), thermal comfort, lighting and acoustics are important objectives. As the specialist
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Circadian Deregulation as Possible New Player in Pollution-Induced Tissue Damage Atmosphere (IF 2.397) Pub Date : 2021-01-15 Mascia Benedusi; Elena Frigato; Cristiano Bertolucci; Giuseppe Valacchi
Circadian rhythms are 24-h oscillations driven by a hypothalamic master oscillator that entrains peripheral clocks in almost all cells, tissues and organs. Circadian misalignment, triggered by industrialization and modern lifestyles, has been linked to several pathological conditions, with possible impairment of the quality or even the very existence of life. Living organisms are continuously exposed
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Public Health Considerations for PM10 in a High-Pollution Megacity: Influences of Atmospheric Condition and Land Coverage Atmosphere (IF 2.397) Pub Date : 2021-01-15 Carlos Zafra; Joaquín Suárez; Jorge E. Pachón
This paper analyzes the PM10 concentrations and influences of atmospheric condition (AC) and land coverage (LC) on a high-pollution megacity (Bogota, Colombia) from a public health viewpoint. Information of monitoring stations equipped with measuring devices for PM10/temperature/solar-radiation/wind-speed were used. The research period lasted eight years (2007–2014). AC and LC were determined after
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Integrated Air Quality Monitoring and Alert System Based on Two Image Analysis Techniques for Reportable Fire Events Atmosphere (IF 2.397) Pub Date : 2021-01-15 Chen-Jui Liang; Sheng-Hua Lu; Jeng-Jong Liang; Feng-Cheng Lin; Pei-Rong Yu
In this paper, a new monitoring alert system for air pollution emergencies is proposed. The proposed system can perform air quality monitoring to provide real-time alerts of an individual event. The system uses two image analysis techniques, namely pixel recognition and haze extraction, for video fire smoke detection. The image analysis process is divided into daytime and nighttime image analyses,
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Temporal Variability of Equivalent Black Carbon Components in Atmospheric Air in Southern Poland Atmosphere (IF 2.397) Pub Date : 2021-01-15 Natalia Zioła; Barbara Błaszczak; Krzysztof Klejnowski
This study assesses the air quality in Zabrze (southern Poland) based on the ambient concentrations of equivalent black carbon (eBC). eBC measurement campaigns were carried out from April 2019 to March 2020 using a modern AE33 Aethalometer, accompanied by parallel measurements of gaseous pollutants, PM10 and meteorological parameters. The use of the two-component AE33 model allows for the determination
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How Is Indoor Air Quality during Sleep? A Review of Field Studies Atmosphere (IF 2.397) Pub Date : 2021-01-14 Nuno Canha; Catarina Teixeira; Mónica Figueira; Carolina Correia
This review aimed to provide an overview of the characterisation of indoor air quality (IAQ) during the sleeping period, based only on real life conditions’ studies where, at least, one air pollutant was considered. Despite the consensual complexity of indoor air, when focusing on sleeping environments, the available scientific literature is still scarce and falls to provide a multipollutants’ characterisation
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Ozone Variation Trends under Different CMIP6 Scenarios Atmosphere (IF 2.397) Pub Date : 2021-01-14 Lin Shang; Jiali Luo; Chunxiao Wang
This study compares and analyzes simulations of ozone under different scenarios by three CMIP6 models (IPSL-CM6A, MRI-ESM2 and CESM-WACCM). Results indicate that as the social vulnerability and anthropogenic radiative forcing is increasing, the change of total column ozone in the tropical stratosphere is not linear. Compared to the SSP2-4.5 and SSP5-8.5 scenarios, the SSP1-2.6 and SSP3-7.0 are more
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Anomalous Atmospheric Circulation Associated with the Extremely Persistent Dense Fog Events over Eastern China in the Late Autumn of 2018 Atmosphere (IF 2.397) Pub Date : 2021-01-14 Shengjie Chen; Duanyang Liu; Zhiming Kang; Yan Shi; Mei Liu
Under a declining trend of fog days in China, the duration of fog events since the 1990s reached a significant peak in the late autumn of 2018 over Eastern China. The average anomalous fog days were 4.74 d in November 2018 over Jiangsu Province in Eastern China, with a 1.73 standard deviation departure from climatology. Those fogs can thus be identified as a significantly abnormal climatic event with
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Origin and Transport Pathway of Dust Storm and Its Contribution to Particulate Air Pollution in Northeast Edge of Taklimakan Desert, China Atmosphere (IF 2.397) Pub Date : 2021-01-14 Aishajiang Aili; Hailiang Xu; Tursun Kasim; Abudumijiti Abulikemu
The Taklimakan Desert in Northwest China is the major source of dust storms in China. The northeast edge of this desert is a typical arid area which houses a fragile oasis eco-environment. Frequent dust storms cause harmful effects on the oasis ecosystem and negative impacts on agriculture, transportation, and human health. In this study, the major source region, transport pathway, and the potential
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Exposure and Health Impacts Related to Outdoor and Indoor Air Pollutants Atmosphere (IF 2.397) Pub Date : 2021-01-13 Haider A. Khwaja
Note: In lieu of an abstract, this is an excerpt from the first page. The five papers included in this Special Issue represent a diverse selection of contributions [...]
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Mobile Monitoring for the Spatial and Temporal Assessment of Local Air Quality (NO2) in the City of London Atmosphere (IF 2.397) Pub Date : 2021-01-13 Fabio Galatioto; James Ferguson-Moore; Ruth Calderwood
This paper reports on the analysis and findings of the data collected during a mobile air quality campaign commissioned by the City of London Corporation (CoL). This was done using an equipped vehicle capable of taking continuous precision measurements of local air quality while travelling within the City. Several comparative analyses on measured Nitrogen Dioxide (NO2) data have been performed between
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The Potential of Low-Cost Tin-Oxide Sensors Combined with Machine Learning for Estimating Atmospheric CH4 Variations around Background Concentration Atmosphere (IF 2.397) Pub Date : 2021-01-13 Rodrigo Rivera Martinez; Diego Santaren; Olivier Laurent; Ford Cropley; Cécile Mallet; Michel Ramonet; Christopher Caldow; Leonard Rivier; Gregoire Broquet; Caroline Bouchet; Catherine Juery; Philippe Ciais
Continued developments in instrumentation and modeling have driven progress in monitoring methane (CH4) emissions at a range of spatial scales. The sites that emit CH4 such as landfills, oil and gas extraction or storage infrastructure, intensive livestock farms account for a large share of global emissions, and need to be monitored on a continuous basis to verify the effectiveness of reductions policies
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Simultaneous Monitoring of Particle-Bound PAHs Inside a Low-Energy School Building and Outdoors over Two Weeks in France Atmosphere (IF 2.397) Pub Date : 2021-01-13 Céline Liaud; Sarah Chouvenc; Stéphane Le Calvé
The emergence of new super-insulated buildings to reduce energy consumption can lead to a degradation of the indoor air quality. While some studies were carried out to assess the air quality in these super-insulated buildings, they were usually focused on the measurement of gas phase pollutants such as carbon dioxide and volatile organic compounds. This work reports the first measurements of Polycyclic
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Data-Driven Wildfire Risk Prediction in Northern California Atmosphere (IF 2.397) Pub Date : 2021-01-13 Ashima Malik; Megha Rajam Rao; Nandini Puppala; Prathusha Koouri; Venkata Anil Kumar Thota; Qiao Liu; Sen Chiao; Jerry Gao
Over the years, rampant wildfires have plagued the state of California, creating economic and environmental loss. In 2018, wildfires cost nearly 800 million dollars in economic loss and claimed more than 100 lives in California. Over 1.6 million acres of land has burned and caused large sums of environmental damage. Although, recently, researchers have introduced machine learning models and algorithms
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Investigation of the North Atlantic Oscillation and Indian Ocean Dipole Influence on Precipitation in Turkey with Cross-Spectral Analysis Atmosphere (IF 2.397) Pub Date : 2021-01-12 Umut Sakine Demir; Abdullah Cem Koc
Predicting the future behavior of precipitation is of the utmost importance for planning agriculture or water resource management and in designing water structures. Determining the relationships between precipitation and the oceans may enable more accurate predictions. Therefore, oceanic and other persistent indices called teleconnection patterns can be used, namely the North Atlantic oscillation (NAO)
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Potential of ARIMA-ANN, ARIMA-SVM, DT and CatBoost for Atmospheric PM2.5 Forecasting in Bangladesh Atmosphere (IF 2.397) Pub Date : 2021-01-12 Shihab Ahmad Shahriar; Imrul Kayes; Kamrul Hasan; Mahadi Hasan; Rashik Islam; Norrimi Rosaida Awang; Zulhazman Hamzah; Aweng Eh Rak; Mohammed Abdus Salam
Atmospheric particulate matter (PM) has major threats to global health, especially in urban regions around the world. Dhaka, Narayanganj and Gazipur of Bangladesh are positioned as top ranking polluted metropolitan cities in the world. This study assessed the performance of the application of hybrid models, that is, Autoregressive Integrated Moving Average (ARIMA)-Artificial Neural Network (ANN), ARIMA-Support
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Complex Networks Reveal Teleconnections between the Global SST and Rainfall in Southwest China Atmosphere (IF 2.397) Pub Date : 2021-01-12 Panjie Qiao; Wenqi Liu; Yongwen Zhang; Zhiqiang Gong
Droughts and floods have frequently occurred in Southwest China (SWC) during the past several decades. Yet, the understanding of the mechanism of precipitation in SWC is still a challenge, since the East Asian monsoon and Indian monsoon potentially influence the rainfall in this region. Thus, the prediction of precipitation in SWC has become a difficult and critical topic in climatology. We develop
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Calculation of NH3 Emissions, Evaluation of Backward Lagrangian Stochastic Dispersion Model and Aerodynamic Gradient Method Atmosphere (IF 2.397) Pub Date : 2021-01-12 Jesper Nørlem Kamp; Christoph Häni; Tavs Nyord; Anders Feilberg; Lise Lotte Sørensen
Two campaigns measuring ammonia (NH3) emissions with different measurement techniques were performed on a large grass field (26 ha) after the application of liquid animal manure. The aim was to compare emissions from a confined area estimated from either (i) concentration measurements, both point and line-integrated measurements, combined with backward Lagrangian stochastic (bLS) dispersion modeling
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A Computational Methodology for the Calibration of Tephra Transport Nowcasting at Sakurajima Volcano, Japan Atmosphere (IF 2.397) Pub Date : 2021-01-12 Alexandros P. Poulidis; Atsushi Shimizu; Haruhisa Nakamichi; Masato Iguchi
Ground-based remote sensing equipment have the potential to be used for the nowcasting of the tephra hazard from volcanic eruptions. To do so raw data from the equipment first need to be accurately transformed to tephra-related physical quantities. In order to establish these relations for Sakurajima volcano, Japan, we propose a methodology based on high-resolution simulations. An eruption that occurred
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Short-Term Aerial Pollutant Concentrations in a Southwestern China Pig-Fattening House Atmosphere (IF 2.397) Pub Date : 2021-01-12 Shihua Pu; Xiao Rong; Jiaming Zhu; Yaqiong Zeng; Jian Yue; TengTeeh Lim; Dingbiao Long
Concentrations of critical aerial pollutants within animal farms are important to the health of animals and farm staff and can be reduced via manure management, ventilation control, and barn design. This study characterized measurements of ammonia (NH3), total suspended particle (TSP), and airborne microbial communities of a large-scale pig-fattening house, as well as their correlations with environmental
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Mitigation of Gaseous Emissions from Stored Swine Manure with Biochar: Effect of Dose and Reapplication on a Pilot-Scale Atmosphere (IF 2.397) Pub Date : 2021-01-11 Baitong Chen; Jacek A. Koziel; Chumki Banik; Hantian Ma; Myeongseong Lee; Samuel C. O’Brien; Peiyang Li; Daniel S. Andersen; Andrzej Białowiec; Robert C. Brown
Rural communities are affected by gaseous emissions from intensive livestock production. Practical mitigation technologies are needed to minimize emissions from stored manure and improve air quality inside barns. In our previous research, the one-time surficial application of biochar to swine manure significantly reduced emissions of NH3 and phenol. We observed that the mitigation effect decreased
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A Comparison of Meteor Radar Observation over China Region with Horizontal Wind Model (HWM14) Atmosphere (IF 2.397) Pub Date : 2021-01-11 Qiong Tang; Yufeng Zhou; Zhitao Du; Chen Zhou; Jiandong Qiao; Yi Liu; Guanyi Chen
This paper compares the wind fields measured by the meteor radar at Mohe, Beijing, Wuhan, and Sanya stations and horizontal wind model (HWM14) predictions. HWM14 appears to successfully reproduce the height-time distribution of the monthly mean zonal winds, although large discrepancies occur in wind speed between the model and measurement, especially in the summer and winter months. For meridional
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Future Projections and Uncertainty Assessment of Precipitation Extremes in the Korean Peninsula from the CMIP6 Ensemble with a Statistical Framework Atmosphere (IF 2.397) Pub Date : 2021-01-11 Yonggwan Shin; Yire Shin; Juyoung Hong; Maeng-Ki Kim; Young-Hwa Byun; Kyung-On Boo; Il-Ung Chung; Doo-Sun R. Park; Jeong-Soo Park
Scientists occasionally predict projected changes in extreme climate using multi-model ensemble methods that combine predictions from individual simulation models. To predict future changes in precipitation extremes in the Korean peninsula, we examined the observed data and 21 models of the Coupled Model Inter-Comparison Project Phase 6 (CMIP6) over East Asia. We applied generalized extreme value distribution
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Recent Advances in Studying Air Quality and Health Effects of Shipping Emissions Atmosphere (IF 2.397) Pub Date : 2021-01-09 Daniele Contini; Eva Merico
The increase of global commerce and tourism makes the shipping sector an important contributor of atmospheric particles and gaseous pollutants. These have impacts on both health and climate, especially in populated coastal areas. Maritime activities could be an important driver for economic and social development, however, they are also an environmental pressure. Several policies were implemented in
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Understanding the Processes Causing the Early Intensification of Hurricane Dorian through an Ensemble of the Hurricane Analysis and Forecast System (HAFS) Atmosphere (IF 2.397) Pub Date : 2021-01-10 Andrew Hazelton; Ghassan Alaka; Levi Cowan; Michael Fischer; Sundararaman Gopalakrishnan
The early stages of a tropical cyclone can be a challenge to forecast, as a storm consolidates and begins to grow based on the local and environmental conditions. A high-resolution ensemble of the Hurricane Analysis and Forecast System (HAFS) is used to study the early intensification of Hurricane Dorian, a catastrophic 2019 storm in which the early period proved challenging for forecasters. There
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Multi-Oxygenated Organic Compounds in Fine Particulate Matter Collected in the Western Mediterranean Area Atmosphere (IF 2.397) Pub Date : 2021-01-10 Esther Borrás; Luis Antonio Tortajada-Genaro; Francisco Sanz; Amalia Muñoz
The chemical characterization of aerosols, especially fine organic fraction, is a relevant atmospheric challenge because their composition highly depends on localization. Herein, we studied the concentration of multi-oxygenated organic compounds in the western Mediterranean area, focusing on sources and the effect of air patterns. The organic aerosol fraction ranged 3–22% of the total organic mass
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Evaluation of Different Storm Parameters as the Proxies for Gridded Total Lightning Flash Rates: A Convection-Allowing Model Study Atmosphere (IF 2.397) Pub Date : 2021-01-10 Xinyao Qian; Haoliang Wang
Lightning simulation is important for a variety of applications, including lightning forecast, atmospheric chemical simulation, and lightning data assimilation. In this study, the potential of five storm parameters (graupel volume, precipitation ice mass, radar echo volume, maximum updraft, and updraft volume) to be used as the proxy for the diagnosis of gridded total lightning flash rates has been
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Weather in the Hungarian Lowland from the Point of View of Humans Atmosphere (IF 2.397) Pub Date : 2021-01-08 Ferenc Ács; Erzsébet Kristóf; Annamária Zsákai; Bertold Kelemen; Zita Szabó; Lara Amanda Marques Vieira
Weather at different locations in the Hungarian lowland in different seasons (winter, summer) and times of day (morning, noon) is investigated from the human biometeorological point of view. Human thermal load characteristics of weather are described in terms of clothing resistance and operative temperature. Individual human thermal load–thermal sensation relationships have been estimated to study
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Association between Prevailing Circulation Patterns and Coarse Particles in Portugal Atmosphere (IF 2.397) Pub Date : 2021-01-08 Rui Cavaleiro; Ana Russo; Pedro M. Sousa; Rita Durão
Air pollution is one of the major environmental concerns today, with high socio-economic and public health impacts, which are expected to worsen in the future due to anthropogenic warming. Among the toxic agents present in the atmosphere, coarse particles (PM10 and PM2.5) are some of the most harmful for human health and the environment. Therefore, the study of these particles and their association
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Compound Temperature and Precipitation Events in the Czech Republic: Differences of Stratiform versus Convective Precipitation in Station and Reanalysis Data Atmosphere (IF 2.397) Pub Date : 2021-01-08 Zuzana Rulfová; Romana Beranová; Eva Plavcová
Some natural hazards may result from the coincidences of anomalies of different climatic variables. These so-called compound events can cause extreme impacts. This study analyzes compounds of extreme temperature with notable convective and stratiform precipitation in the Czech Republic during 1982–2016. Characteristics of compound events obtained from 11 stations’ data are compared with those from
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Characteristics of Toxic Gas Leakages with Change in Duration Atmosphere (IF 2.397) Pub Date : 2021-01-08 Hana Chaloupecká; Zuzana Kluková; Radka Kellnerová; Zbyněk Jaňour
One of the emergencies rescue crews have to face is toxic gas leakages. The characteristics of the gas leakages differ with regard to their leakage duration. Long-term releases have plume-like behaviors that can be described by utilizing mean concentrations at individual exposed locations. In contrast, ensemble statistics of individual cloud characteristics are needed for short-term releases with puff-like
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Parametrizations of Liquid and Ice Clouds’ Optical Properties in Operational Numerical Weather Prediction Models Atmosphere (IF 2.397) Pub Date : 2021-01-08 Harel. B. Muskatel; Ulrich Blahak; Pavel Khain; Yoav Levi; Qiang Fu
Parametrization of radiation transfer through clouds is an important factor in the ability of Numerical Weather Prediction models to correctly describe the weather evolution. Here we present a practical parameterization of both liquid droplets and ice optical properties in the longwave and shortwave radiation. An advanced spectral averaging method is used to calculate the extinction coefficient, single
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Future Changes in the Global and Regional Sea Level Rise and Sea Surface Temperature Based on CMIP6 Models Atmosphere (IF 2.397) Pub Date : 2021-01-08 Hyun Min Sung; Jisun Kim; Jae-Hee Lee; Sungbo Shim; Kyung-On Boo; Jong-Chul Ha; Yeon-Hee Kim
Estimating future sea level rise (SLR) and sea surface temperature (SST) is essential to implement mitigation and adaptation options within a sustainable development framework. This study estimates regional SLR and SST changes around the Korean peninsula. Two Shared Socioeconomic Pathways (SSP1-2.6 and SSP5-8.5) scenarios and nine Coupled Model Intercomparison Project Phase 6 (CMIP6) model simulations
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Characteristics of Locally Occurring High PM2.5 Concentration Episodes in a Small City in South Korea Atmosphere (IF 2.397) Pub Date : 2021-01-08 Su-Yeon Choi; Sung-Won Park; Jin-Yeo Byun; Young-Ji Han
In this study, the ionic and carbonaceous compounds in PM2.5 were analysed in the small residential city of Chuncheon, Korea. To identify the local sources that substantially influence PM2.5 concentrations, the samples were divided into two groups: samples with PM2.5 concentrations higher than those in the upwind metropolitan area (Seoul) and samples with lower PM2.5 concentrations. During the sampling
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Urban Air Quality Modeling Using Low-Cost Sensor Network and Data Assimilation in the Aburrá Valley, Colombia Atmosphere (IF 2.397) Pub Date : 2021-01-08 Santiago Lopez-Restrepo; Andres Yarce; Nicolás Pinel; O.L. Quintero; Arjo Segers; A.W. Heemink
The use of low air quality networks has been increasing in recent years to study urban pollution dynamics. Here we show the evaluation of the operational Aburrá Valley’s low-cost network against the official monitoring network. The results show that the PM2.5 low-cost measurements are very close to those observed by the official network. Additionally, the low-cost allows a higher spatial representation
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Comparison of CFD and Multizone Modeling from Contaminant Migration from a Household Gas Furnace Atmosphere (IF 2.397) Pub Date : 2021-01-07 Nina Szczepanik-Scislo; Lukasz Scislo
In Central and Eastern Europe, a growing popularity of gas heaters as the main source of heat and domestic hot water can be observed. This is the result of new laws and strategies for funding that have been put in place to encourage households to stop using coal and replace it with cleaner energy sources. However, there is a growing concern that gas furnaces are prone to malfunction and can be a threat
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Large Day-to-Day Variability of Extreme Air Temperatures in Poland and Its Dependency on Atmospheric Circulation Atmosphere (IF 2.397) Pub Date : 2021-01-07 Katarzyna Szyga-Pluta
The primary purpose of the study was the determination of the spatial day-to-day variability of extreme air temperatures in Poland and the dependency of large temperature changes on atmospheric circulation in accordance with the Grosswetterlagen (GWL) classification. The goal was achieved based on data from 1966 to 2015, made available by the Institute of Meteorology and Water Management—National Research
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Long-Term Variability of Relationships between Potential Large-Scale Drivers and Summer Precipitation in North China in the CERA-20C Reanalysis Atmosphere (IF 2.397) Pub Date : 2021-01-07 Lan Dai; Jonathon S. Wright
Although much progress has been made in identifying the large-scale drivers of recent summer precipitation variability in North China, the evolution of these drivers over longer time scales remains unclear. We investigate multidecadal and interannual variability in North China summer precipitation in the 110-year Coupled ECMWF Reanalysis of the Twentieth Century (CERA-20C), considering changes in regional
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