Abstract The purpose of this study was to determine the most efficient airborne asbestos filter for use in an HEPA negative air machines through filter performance testing. The filter classes applied conformed with ISO and European standard (EN 1822) regarding fractional efficiency by dust loading amount for filters, fractional efficiency for negative air machines, and consumption of electrical power

ABSTRACT In Uganda, the municipal solid wastes are generally a menace to the environment, ranging from indiscriminate dumping, open burning, and landfills, which would be utilized to augment agricultural fields through organic manure. The National Environment Management Authority (NEMA) of Uganda, however from 2009 to 2012 initiated and implemented a Clean Development Mechanism project. This project

ABSTRACT The primary goal of air quality policies is to reduce the impact of air pollution on human health, in particular, it is very important in the attainment-closing geographic areas with densely populated like Taiwan. Air quality policies in general only consider the reduction of emission as well as concentration, in order to highlight the effects of air pollution reduction responded on human

ABSTRACT In order to solve problems of land occupation and environment damage resulted from massive municipal solid waste incineration bottom ash sludge (MSWI-BAS), sintered lightweight aggregates (LWA) were prepared from MSWI-BAS. Additives are of great significance for the preparation of high-performance LWA and the utilization of MSWI-BAS resources, so their effect on properties of LWA was investigated

ABSTRACT According to the different organizational forms of logistics in manufacturing, the types of linkage development between the logistics and manufacturing industries include two different logistics service modes: logistics outsourcing and logistics self-operation. This study considers two manufacturing clusters for comparison: the northeast region in China, mainly state-owned and self-operated

ABSTRACT Recently, local governments experienced unprecedented challenges to their recycling programs and are looking to alternative forms to meet their sustainability goals. Traditionally, waste management policies focus on using a mass-based recycling rate to promote and measure sustainability, however that metric inadvertently promotes recycling over source reduction. Here, we present a metric which

(2021). In memoriam: Ron Wyzga (1943 – 2021) Journal of the Air & Waste Management Association: Vol. 71, No. 8, pp. 1053-1053.

ABSTRACT Several studies have been conducted to decrease the cost of sorbents used for the control of mercury emissions. Thus far, several sorbents with low surface areas have been reported to exhibit promising mercury removal capacities. However, based on the results reported, it is difficult to understand the mechanisms of adsorption and oxidization of elemental mercury on sorbents with low surface

Abstract The present study aims at quantification of the quality of three varieties of composts made from municipal solid waste, green waste and combined waste by critically evaluating their physicochemical attributes, effect on soil fertility and metal pollution risk. Each waste type was treated with effective micro-organisms to compare the compost quality using Quality Control Indices. The effect

The use of low-NOx compressed natural gas (CNG) medium-duty vehicles (MDVs) and heavy-duty vehicles (HDVs) has the potential to significantly reduce NOx emissions and yield improvements in regional air quality. However, the extent of air quality improvement depends on many factors including future levels of vehicle deployment, the evolution of emissions from other sources, and meteorology. An analysis

ABSTRACT Latin-American cities need efficient municipal solid waste (MSW) collection systems, specifically in municipalities with fast urbanization. Poor logistics in collection routes is one of the causes of inefficient MSW management. A strategy for designing the MSW collection routes, considering an environmental and economic analysis, was developed and tested in the Metropolitan Area of Monterrey

Abstract Coefficient of Haze (CoH) was the official proxy for the mass concentration of particulate matter in the US from ca. 1950 onwards. Originally, a linearity between CoH and sample load was claimed, but although Ingram [1969] found that the relation between mass loading and the fraction of light absorbed by the sample was identical to the nonlinear curve of the European “Black Smoke” (BS) method

Abstract In mines, the exhaust gas is mainly discharged from main ventilators in free dissipation state. The effective recovery of its kinetic energy is lucrative from economical and technical standpoints. This study is focused on recovering the kinetic energy of the exhaust gas without deteriorating the main ventilator’s safe operation or increasing power dissipation. The related experiments and numerical

Abstract Greenhouse gas emissions, driven by population growth and an increasing demand for resource intensive goods, foods and services, are altering the planet’s climate in ways that threaten the habitability of the planet. Transparent modeling tools and recent literature are used to quantify the mitigation challenge and assess potential remedies. Model results identify mitigation actions needed

Abstract Radon (Rn) is a natural and toxic radioactive gas that accumulates indoors, mainly in low-ventilated underground floors and basements. Several factors make prediction of indoor Rn exposure in enclosed spaces challenging. In this study, we investigated the influence of soil, geology, topography, atmospheric variables, radiation, urbanization, community economic well-being, and monthly and yearly

ABSTRACT Respiratory droplets serve as a viable transmission mechanism for many viruses and other pathogens. Facemasks are commonly used to minimize the risk of this transmission. However, information on the size-resolved filtration efficiency of commonly available commercial facemasks is not readily available in the literature. To fill this gap, the current study performs aerosolized chamber experiments

Abstract Quantification of the magnitude and long-term changes of ozone concentrations transported into the US is important for effective air quality policy development. We synthesize multiple published trend analyses of western US baseline ozone, and show that all results are consistent with an overall, non-linear change – a rapid increase (~5 ppb/decade) during the 1980s that slowed in the 1990s

ABSTRACT Smoke impacts from large wildfires are mounting, and the projection is for more such events in the future as the one experienced October 2017 in Northern California, and subsequently in 2018 and 2020. Further, the evidence is growing about the health impacts from these events which are also difficult to simulate. Therefore, we simulated air quality conditions using a suite of remotely-sensed

ABSTRACT Prescribed burning (PB) is a prominent source of PM2.5 in the southeastern US and exposure to PB smoke is a health risk. As demand for burning increases and stricter controls are implemented for other anthropogenic sources, PB emissions tend to be responsible for an increasing fraction of PM2.5 concentrations. Here, to quantify the effect of PB on air quality, low-cost sensors are used to

ABSTRACT Cooking is one of the most significant indoor sources of particles. This study investigated residential cooking and kitchen ventilation behaviors in Canadian homes, using data from 132 households in Halifax and Edmonton. Only 27% of the cooking activities were conducted with added ventilation (range hood use 10%, window opening 15%, and both 2%). The use pattern of the range hood was associated

ABSTRACT Separating cathode material and Al foil from spent lithium-ion batteries (LIBs) is a critical step for LIBs recycling. As compared to chemical dissolving and decomposition, the pyrolysis pretreatment is an alternative and simple method. In this work, the pyrolysis kinetics of cathode material were comparatively studied using various isoconversional methods, including Flynn-Wall-Ozawa (FWO)

ABSTRACT Wet electrostatic precipitators (WESP) have been widely studied for collecting fine and ultrafine particles, such as diesel particulate matter (DPM), which have deleterious effects on human health. Here, we report an experimental and numerical simulation study on a novel string-based two-stage WESP. Our new design incorporates grounded vertically aligned polymer strings, along which thin films

ABSTRACT The Lake Michigan Ozone Study 2017 (LMOS 2017) in May and June 2017 enabled study of transport, emissions, and chemical evolution related to ozone air pollution in the Lake Michigan airshed. Two highly instrumented ground sampling sites were part of a wider sampling strategy of aircraft, shipborne, and ground-based mobile sampling. The Zion, Illinois site (on the coast of Lake Michigan, 67

ABSTRACT Malaysia, also known as a food haven, is currently facing an excessive food waste problem which poses a threat to the environment. The objective of this research is to study the factors that affect the behavioral intention of Malaysians to reduce food waste. This study employs the Theory of Planned Behavior (TPB) and the Norm Activation Model (NAM) to better understand the behavioral intention

ABSTRACT To achieve a more sustainable waste-to-energy (WTE) process, the recycling of solid waste incineration (MSWI) bottom ash (BA) has received large attention nowadays. This study investigated how WTE BA form is changed after the hydration and the impacts of WTE BA hydration on its leaching characteristics by using geometrical and leaching tests when incorporated in cement matrix for the recycling

Abstract Ambient ozone measurements are often used as surrogates for personal exposures. Due to the limited number of central ozone monitors and varying personal behavioral patterns, some level of variability between ambient and personal exposures is expected. Low-cost sensors and different ways to capture personal activity patterns are being developed as an effort to improve the accuracy of exposure

The Fourth National Climate Assessment (NCA4) is the most comprehensive report to date assessing climate change science, impacts, risks, and adaptation in the United States. The 1,500 page report covers a breadth of topics, ranging from foundational physical science to climate change response options. Here we present information on indicators and impacts of climate change in the human environment featured

Abstract Anthropogenic emissions of greenhouse gases are warming the Earth. It is likely that the greatest impacts of climate change on human and natural systems will come from increasingly frequent and severe extreme weather and climate events. Some increases in such extremes are already being detected, and this trend is projected to continue as Earth warms. Here we review the overarching climate

Abstract Both natural and anthropogenic fugitive dust can cause serious hazards to the environment and human health. In this study, the development of biodegradable dust suppressants and their environmental impacts were evaluated. Biodegradable dust suppressants were prepared using various biomass-based polymeric materials such as crude glycerol (a by-product of biodiesel manufacturing), biodiesel

Abstract The occurrence and emissions of methane (CH4) from above-ground urban natural gas infrastructure is poorly understood. Compared to below-ground infrastructure, these facilities are relatively easy to monitor and maintain and present an opportunity for cost-effective CH4 reductions. We present a case study and methodology for detecting, attributing, and quantifying CH4 emissions from fence

Spent drilling mud (DM), a co-product during horizontal directional drilling operations, needs proper disposal to comply with social and environmental sustainability awareness, with one option being its cost-effective reuse as a soil amendment. The possibility was investigated of DM applications to improve the physical quality of loamy sand soil. The soil was treated with increasing DM contents in

Abstract Modeling and prediction of H2S emission from wastewater are important since gaseous H2S will induce significant corrosion and odor problems. Most previous studies focused on H2S emission of wastewater in pipeline systems, which may not be fit for H2S emission in wastewater treatment plants (WWTPs). This study provided a two-phase mass transfer model for prediction of H2S emission concentrations

Along with the increasingly stringent dust emission concentration standards for the thermal power plants and the challenge of market competition, wet electrostatic precipitators (ESPs) have been widely used as terminal equipment for the flue gas treatment. The wet ESPs pilot test platform using the modified carbon steel collectors with hydrophilic properties was established in this paper and the experimental

Abstract Plastics have multiple applications in disposable products, high-end technology parts, etc., owing to their functionality and manufacturing flexibility. However, their increased use has increased the global proportion of plastic wastes, which creates a serious environmental issue, thereby, creating a demand for plastic waste management techniques. Improving the efficiency of resource recovery

Abstract Total emissions from all sources need to be accurately quantified in an emission inventory in order for a basin to develop their air pollution management plan. The best approach is to measure both the real-world emissions and activity for a source; however, often only emissions are measured and activity is estimated from historical factors. This report focuses on harbor craft and presents

ABSTRACT Recycling of valuable metals from spent catalysts in a green way is gaining extensive interest for economic and environment reasons. In this study, we developed novel hydrophobic deep eutectic solvents to extract Mo from spent catalysts. The hydrophobic DESs have been designed and synthesized by mixing one molar of the quaternary ammonium salt and two molars of various saturated fatty acids

Abstract Montan resin (MR) is an industrial by-product or solid waste generated during the production of refined montan wax and is not typically reused. In this paper, a bio-modification method using three strains of microorganisms, Acinetobacter venetianus (AV), Pseudomonas aeruginosa (PA), and Phanerochaete chrysosporium (PC), was studied to promote the performance and bio-function of MR so that

(2021). Introduction to the 51st Annual A&WMA Critical Review: PFOA and Cancer. Journal of the Air & Waste Management Association: Vol. 71, No. 6, pp. 661-662.

ABSTRACT The carcinogenicity of perfluorooctanoic acid (PFOA) has been reviewed previously by several different regulatory agencies and researchers, with contradictory conclusions–especially regarding epidemiological findings on kidney cancer and testicular cancer. In addition, previous dose-response assessments have focused primarily on evidence from animal studies. This critical review summarizes

ABSTRACT Formaldehyde is a well-known toxic agent, therefore having a highly regulated status. Despite, some cosmetic firms recently introduced high and illegal concentrations of formaldehyde in hair treatments for increasing straightening and long-lasting performances. The objective of this study was to assess how and to which extent, these products may disperse formaldehyde in the environment of

ABSTRACT Indoor concentrations of PM10, PM2.5, CO, and CO2 were measured in 25 naturally ventilated urban residences during the winter and summer seasons in Alexandria, Egypt. Ambient air samples were also collected simultaneously for comparison to indoor measurements. Furthermore, data for air exchange rates, home characteristics, and indoor activities during sampling were collected. It was found

ABSTRACT Vehicle emission analysis currently faces a trade-off between easy-to-use, low-accuracy macroscopic models, and computationally intensive, high-accuracy microscopic models. In this study, we develop a surrogate model that leverages microscopic traffic and emission simulations to predict link-level emission rates. The input variables are obtained by aggregating 1 Hz simulated vehicle trajectories

Abstract The study focused on exposure assessment to bacterial aerosols and organic dust in waste sorting plant. Samples were collected at different workplaces of waste sorting cycle i.e.: waste press, reloading area, loading of conveyor belt, sorting cabin, sorting hall, and control room. A quantitative analysis of aerobic and anaerobic bacteria was supplemented by qualitative analysis of anaerobic

Abstract The default subslab soil gas (SSSG)-to-indoor air attenuation factor (AF) of 0.03 to assess the vapor intrusion (VI) pathway and generate VI screening levels for SSSG was developed by the United States Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) based on chlorinated volatile organic compound (VOC) indoor air and SSSG data collected in residential buildings and compiled in EPA’s 2012 VI database

Abstract A survey was conducted in Muscat/Oman between February and May of 2020, with a total of 1289 respondents to investigate public knowledge, behaviour, and attitudes about the air pollution via online questionnaire. We considered the disparity among gender, age and education level in four main aspects, viz. sources of access to information, knowledge and risk perception about air pollution and

ABSTRACT Fine particle (PM2.5) exposure is a public health issue affecting millions of people worldwide. In New York State, significant emission reductions occurred during the past decades due to fuel switching, increased renewable energy, and transformations in buildings and transportation. Between 2002 and 2018, anthropogenic emissions of CO, NOx, SO2, VOCs, and primary PM2.5 declined by 58%, 61%

Abstract Light-duty gasoline vehicle (LDGV) tailpipe emission rates can be quantified based on pollutant concentrations measured using portable emission measurement systems (PEMS). Emission rates depend on exhaust flow. For simplified and micro-PEMS, exhaust flow is inferred from engine mass air flow (MAF) and air-to-fuel ratio. For many LDGVs, MAF is broadcast via the on-board diagnostic (OBD) interface

ABSTRACT This study aims to assess the status of solid waste management (SWM) practice and to characterize and quantify the municipal solid waste as a measure towards effective management in Dilla town Southern Ethiopia. Formal surveys of household residents and SWM operators using a structured questionnaire were conducted to gather data on the current waste management practices of the inhabitants

ABSTRACT The efficiency of the composting process for tomato residues and chicken manure was estimated after monitoring of the rotary composting system. Physicochemical parameters and Compost Quality Index were evaluated. The tomato residues (leaves, stems, and some green and damaged fruits) were collected, cut into small pieces, moistened approximately (60–65%), and mixed with 20% chicken manure then

ABSTRACT In this study, the mercury (Hg) emission, speciation, and mass distribution of four coal-fired power plants (CFPPs) located at central, southern, and northern Taiwan with various types of air pollution control devices were investigated. Gaseous Hg in the coal-combustion flue gas was sampled by using the Ontario Hydro method, and the solid and liquid samples were collected for understanding

ABSTRACT Rapid economic growth in recent decades has led to a rising motorization and congestion in urban areas. Congestion at intersections is considered as the prime source of emissions. This study presents a CO emission-based adaptive signal control for isolated intersections. Traffic dynamics at signalized intersections are modeled on the time--space diagrams using the shockwave theory and information

ABSTRACT Anaerobic mono- and co-digestion of fruits and vegetable waste (FVW), slaughterhouse waste (SHW), and cattle manure (CM) under mesophilic conditions (35°C) were conducted through biochemical methane potential tests to investigate how the FVW in a co-substrate formulation improves the methane yield, the degradative synergy between substrates, and especially the stability of the process. The

ABSTRACT Traffic authorities have taken various measures to mitigate vehicular-source pollution emissions, among which setting speed limits has been proved to be effective. However, most of the existing macroscopic research proposes idealized mathematical models to design optimal speed limit from the perspective of network equilibrium, and the simplified pollution emission functions cannot accurately

ABSTRACT Based on the monitoring data of atmospheric pollutants and the meteorological data in Harbin in 2017, the temporal spatial distribution characteristics of PM2.5 pollution and the relationships between PM2.5 concentration and meteorological factors in this region were analyzed. The PM2.5 concentration data and the meteorological data in 2017 were comprehensively analyzed by using ArcGIS and

Abstract A massive quantity of Elaeis guineensis (oil palm) trunk biomass, containing a significant amount of natural starch, is available in Malaysia as bio-waste because of annual replantation. The efficient extraction of this starch (carbohydrate polymer) would be worthwhile concerning the environmental sustainability and economy through conversion to bio-resources. This study investigated the effectiveness

ABSTRACT The port of Veracruz is one of the most important ports in Mexico and is currently in the process of a major expansion. The new port area, “Bahía Norte”, will be three times larger than the current port, “Bahía Sur”. Atmospheric emissions from the Veracruz port system, specifically from the engines of ships undergoing maneuvering and hotelling operations, were determined on a daily basis from

Abstract Fuel sulfur emissions control areas have been established in a few marine coastal regions to reduce environmental impacts from combustion of high sulfur residual fuel oil (RFO). For example, in August of 2012 the U.S. began enforcing fuel sulfur limits on certain large commercial marine vessels up to 200 nautical miles (nm) of its coasts as part of a North American Emissions Control Area (NA-ECA)

ABSTRACT Thailand is facing a management crisis of both urban and rural household hazardous waste (HHW). The collection and disposal of these wastes threaten both the environment and human health. The objective of the study was to investigate the characterization and quantification of household hazardous waste at source by all local administrations in Nakhon Nayok province, Thailand. The quantity of

ABSTRACT Waste treatment is an important part of the future global energy portfolio. Challenges associated with implementing energy recovery technology at waste treatment sites include interwoven technical, economic, and policy considerations. This work focuses on the tradeoff of input waste energy content to output electrical power, i.e. efficiency for waste-to-energy systems. Also presented is an

ABSTRACT Recycled manure solids (RMS) produced in dairy farms from fresh manure need to be sanitized before using them as bedding material. However, the impact on air quality of composting RMS remains unknown. Four RMS composting methods were tested during a 10-day aging of piles in experimental chambers: static windrow (SW), turned windrow (TW), SW following drum composting for 24 h (DC24) or SW following