The increase in solid waste generation has been a major contributor to the amount of Greenhouse gases (GHGs) present in the atmosphere. To some extent a great chunk of these GHGs in the atmosphere is from landfill. This study assesses two theoretical models (LandGEM and Afvalzorg models) to estimate the amount of landfill gas (LFG) emitted from Thohoyandou landfill site. Also, the LFGcost Web model

(2020). Wildfire and prescribed burning impacts on air quality in the United States. Journal of the Air & Waste Management Association: Vol. 70, No. 6, pp. 581-582.

In this study, granular activated carbon (GAC) was used as an adsorbent for biogas desulfurization. Biogas containing 932–2,350 ppm of H2S was collected from an anaerobic digester to treat the wastewater from a dairy farm with about 200 cows. An adsorption test was performed by introducing the biogas to a column that was packed with approximately 50 L of commercial GAC. The operation ceased if the

Activated carbonaceous were prepared from high-carbon, abandoned straw biomass. With hydrogen sulfide gas as the target pollutant, single factor experiments were employed to assess the effects of activator type, activation temperature, activation time, and liquid-material ratio on the adsorption performance of the prepared carbonaceous adsorbent. The materials were characterized using elemental analysis

Air quality impacts from wildfires have been dramatic in recent years, with millions of people exposed to elevated and sometimes hazardous fine particulate matter (PM 2.5 ) concentrations for extended periods. Fires emit particulate matter (PM) and gaseous compounds that can negatively impact human health and reduce visibility. While the overall trend in U.S. air quality has been improving for decades

This article presents the results of an industrial-scale study (on 400 MWe lignite fired unit) of simultaneous NOx, SO2, and HgT removal in FGD absorber with oxidant injection (NaClO2) into flue gas. It was confirmed that the injection of sodium chlorite upstream the FGD (Flue Gas Desulfurization) absorber oxidize NO to NO2, Hg0 to Hg2+, and enhancing NOx and HgT removal efficiency from exhaust gas

Beaded activated carbons (BACs) were derived from waste bamboo tar through carbonization (500°C for 2 hr) followed by physical activation using carbon dioxide (800–900°C for 2–4 hr). The adsorbent was examined for their physical and chemical properties, adsorption capacities toward methylethylketone (MEK) and toluene, and regenerabilities under microwave heating. It was found that the maximum total

Particulate matter (PM) pollution is associated with adverse effects on human health and the environment. There is no designated PM2.5 emission factor for horizontal grain conveyors. Instead, in Washington state, the air permitting agency uses an emission factor for headhouse and grain handling operations to issue permits. There is concern that this factor does not accurately represent the conveyor

Electrostatic precipitators (ESP) have been considered as the main particulate matter (PM) removal facility in the energy industry. This paper presents a real-time optimization method for a one-chamber industrial ESP in an ultra-low emission power plant with an intelligent optimization system (IOS). The IOS seeks to optimize the energy consumption of ESP subject to the outlet concentration requirement

Due to wet desulfurization system lacks effective control indicators for the oxidation process, so the sulfite oxidation in the slurry and the quality of gypsum become unstable. In this paper actual desulfurization system operation data are used to improve the ORP semi-empirical formula obtained in the laboratory. It was concluded that the ORP was mainly affected by the concentration of sulfite and

Present paper represents the spatio-temporal variation of air quality and performances of geostatistical tools for identification of pollutants zone in various district of Assam (India). Geographic Information System (GIS) and geostatistical analysis were utilized to estimate the spatio-temporal variations (2015-2017) of gaseous and particulate air pollutants. Data of twenty-three fixed monitoring

In this study, an effective circulating system was developed to remove heavy metals in medical waste incineration (MWI) fly ash. MWI fly ash (MWIFA)-column experiments were performed to remove Cu, Pb, Zn, Cd and Ni from MWIFA using EDTA disodium (Na2EDTA). Iron-column experiments were conducted to study the removal effect of zero-valent iron on the five heavy metals from washing wastewater. TCLP test

Albuquerque/Bernalillo County, New Mexico, is currently in attainment of the 2015 National Ambient Air Quality Standard (NAAQS) for ozone (70 ppb), but its ozone design values have increased in recent years. Air quality and source apportionment modeling with the Comprehensive Air Quality Model with Extensions (CAMx) was conducted for Albuquerque/Bernalillo County to develop a refined understanding

Mixing ratios of the criteria air contaminant nitrogen dioxide (NO2) are commonly quantified by reduction to nitric oxide (NO) using a photolytic converter followed by NO-O3 chemiluminescence (CL). In this work, the performance of a photolytic NO2 converter prototype originally designed for continuous emission monitoring and emitting light at 395 nm was evaluated. Mixing ratios of NO2 and NOx (= NO

Gaseous chlorine dioxide (ClO2) is one of the most promising air disinfectants. In this study, an ultra-low concentration of ClO2 gas (< 1.2 mg/m3) was generated in an office at various levels of humidity and illuminance to investigate the decay law. The disinfection efficiency and metal corrosiveness of ultra-low concentrations of ClO2 gas were also studied using an experimental chamber. At 48% and

Collecting plate is the core component of the electrostatic precipitator. In order to explore the influences of the plates shape and electrode configuration on the particle precipitation process, numerical models of an ESP with seven different types of collecting plates were established and calculated. The simulation results showed that the shape of the collecting plate did have a great impact on the

African countries are among the prime destinations of electronic waste (e-waste) and have been challenged with the management of its environmental and health impacts. This paper was carried out understand the e-waste sector and policy responses in selected African countries. Data for the study were generated from sources; such as policy documents, legislations and literature. Findings show that the

Investigation of suspect surface contamination in a building may require comparative sampling across different zones to provide meaningful information with regard to contaminant sources, pathways and/or extent of dispersal. However, evaluation of the data using traditional null hypothesis significance testing (NHST) based upon the mean may result in misleading inference when encountering erratic distributions

Ultrafine particles (UFPs) pose a human health risk as they can penetrate deep into the respiratory system. The Harvard supersite in Boston, MA provides one of the longest time series of UFP concentrations. This study examined the hypothesis that long-term reductions in PM2.5 mass and sulfur have influenced UFP trends by limiting the ability of UFPs to coagulate onto the accumulation mode via polydisperse

ABSTRACT The metal recycling industry provides jobs, generates revenue in local communities and conserves energy and resources. Nonetheless, possible negative impacts of metal recyclers (MRs) include the potential for emissions of metal aerosols and other dusts, noise, traffic and fire during operations. In Houston, Texas, there were more than 180 resident complaints about air quality related to MRs

The regenerative thermal oxidizer (RTO) is widely used in the treatment of volatile organic compounds (VOCs). The RTO with three packed beds has a backflushing process, which makes its operation quite different from common regenerative combustion devices with two beds. However, the published research regarding this kind of RTO was far from sufficient. Thus, models based on an industrial RTO with three

A comprehensive approach for evaluating the feasibility of landfill rehabilitation should be developed to allow landfill owners to thoroughly examine the feasibility of a landfill soil remediation project in advance. With a view of contributing to the development of a common framework for the evaluation of landfill rehabilitation projects, this paper presents the results of a case study in which the

On January 22, 2010, the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) established a new one-hour probabilistic National Ambient Air Quality Standard (NAAQS) for nitrogen dioxide (NO2) at 100 parts per billion (ppb) or approximately 188 micrograms per cubic meter (µg/m3). The 1-hr NO2 NAAQS is considerably more stringent than the longstanding annual standard of 53 ppb or approximately 100 µg/m3. AERMOD

India is witnessing the formation of many densely populated megacities where management of burgeoning wastes, both municipal solid waste (MSW) and industrial hazardous waste (IHW), has become a very critical issue. The city municipalities are showing their inability to manage the waste efficiently. In this paper, the core indicator of environmental pressure, i.e., per capita municipal solid waste (MSW)

With the continuous development of the semiconductor industry, interest in the technology for treating various pollutant gases in the semiconductor fabrication process has increased recently. Various gas scrubbers are being used to remove the pollutant gas from the processes. An efficient design of the pyrolysis reactor is crucial in a scrubber system due to the effective removal of pollutant sources

Particulate Matter (PM) pollution is an alarming environmental problem and one of the most used PM control devices in industry is fabric filter, with a pulse-jet cleaning system. A better understanding of the flow behavior of such pulse-jets is essential to improve cleaning efficiency and diminish dust emissions. Therefore, the present study aims to analyze the flow patterns of the cleaning pulse of

Positive Matrix Factorization analysis of PM2.5 chemical speciation data collected from 2015-2017 at Washington State Department of Ecology's urban NCore (Beacon Hill) and near-road (10th and Weller) sites found similar PM2.5 sources at both sites. Identified factors were associated with gasoline exhaust, diesel exhaust, aged and fresh sea salt, crustal, nitrate-rich, sulfur-rich, unidentified urban

(2020). Retraction: Trends and health impacts of major urban air pollutants in Kazakhstan. Journal of the Air & Waste Management Association: Vol. 70, No. 6, pp. 657-657.

Emissions levels from current gasoline spark-ignited engines are low, and emissions changes associated with blending of ethanol into gasoline are small and difficult to quantify. Addition of ethanol, with a high blending octane number, allows a reduction in aromatics in market gasoline. Blending behavior of ethanol is nonlinear, altering the distillation curve, including the 50% temperature point,

Cooperative adaptive cruise control (CACC) vehicles need vehicle-to-vehicle (V2V) communication to achieve CACC function. When a CACC vehicle follows a manual-driven vehicle (MDV) without V2V communication, it needs degenerate to adaptive cruise control (ACC). By using real experiments, California PATH program indicated that ACC vehicles are apt to be unstable, which may have negative influence on

On January 25, 2018, the United States Environmental Protection Agency withdrew a 1995 policy that mandates the use of maximum achievable control technology (MACT) to regulate emissions from major sources of hazardous air pollutants (HAPs), a category of toxic chemicals that may be carcinogenic, mutagenic, or cause other adverse health effects. To better understand the implications and scope of the

With the increase in the cognizance towards the wide and abundant lignocellulosic biomass, a great interest has been garnered towards the production of value-added products from the biomass. Hence, by capitalizing the Casuarina equisetifolia biomass, the current work developed a simultaneous pre-treatment and saccharification (SPS) process using transgenic Trichoderma atroviride. The ability of T.

Toxic gaseous elemental mercury (GEM) is emitted to the atmosphere through a variety of anthropogenic and natural routes at rates estimated at over 5000 tonnes per annum, a large fraction of which is Anthropogenic. It is then widely disbursed atmospherically and eventually deposited, where it is subject to further biogeochemical cycling, including re-emission. Research into capture of point source

This study describes a significant upgrade to the particulate matter (PM) size disaggregation profile library used for preparing emissions files for the GEM-MACH (Global Environmental Multiscale-Modelling Air-quality and CHemistry) chemical transport model (CTM). This model uses a sectional (bin) approach to represent the PM size distribution, where one configuration employs 12 size bins to disaggregate

According to the literature, it is estimated that outdoor air pollution is responsible for the premature death in a range from 3.7 to 8.9 million persons on an annual basis across the world. Although there is uncertainty on this figure, outdoor air pollution represents one of the greatest global risks to human health. In North America, the rapid evolution of technologies (e.g. nanotechnology, unconventional

In the spring of 2018, a 10-day field study was conducted in Colorado's Denver-Julesburg oil and natural gas production basin to improve information on well pad pneumatic controller (PC) populations and identify PCs with potential maintenance issues (MIs) causing excess emissions through a novel optical gas imaging (OGI) survey approach. A total of 500 natural gas emitting PCs servicing 102 wells (4

Lagrangian stochastic dispersion models are sometimes run in backward mode to estimate air emissions from different types of sources including area sources. The forward-in-time and backward-in-time Lagrangian stochastic (fLS and bLS) dispersion models may not result in the same estimates. The two models were compared under different atmospheric conditions in micro-scale applications. They are equivalent

Air pollutant concentrations are often higher near major roadways than in the surrounding environments owing to emissions from on-road mobile sources. In this study, we quantified the gradient in black carbon (BC) and air toxics concentrations from the I-70 freeway in the Elyria-Swansea environmental justice neighborhood in Denver, Colorado, during three measurement campaigns in 2017-2018. The average

The effluent generated from poultry waste processing industries contains several organic compounds such as collagen, gelatin, bovine serum albumin, carbohydrates, essential fatty acids, etc. This enabled the establishment of poultry waste processing industries to produce value-added products such as animal feed and organic fertilizers. During poultry waste processing, huge amount of ammoniacal nitrogen

The staff in hospitals is the high-risk group affected by indoor air pollution for operational reasons. However, there is a lack of relevant information and research on surgical smoke in Taiwan. This study analyses the substance of the smoke and develops relative strategies to prevent harm from the working place. This study aims to evaluate the surgical smoke generated during laparotomy and laparoscopic

As public awareness and concern about air quality grows, companies and researchers have begun to develop small, low-cost sensors to measure local air quality. These sensors have been used in citizen science projects, in distributed networks within cities, and in combination with public health studies on asthma and other air-quality-associated diseases. However, sensor long-term performance under different

Green energy generation from agricultural waste has the potential to minimize dependency on fossil and reduce the resultant environmental impact of this fuel provided anaerobic reactor performance is optimized. Hence, the interactive impact of carbon to nitrogen (C/N) ratio, particle size, and co-digestion of dairy manure (DM) and corn stover (CS) on solid-state anaerobic digester (SSAD) performance

As part of the global effort to quantify and manage anthropogenic greenhouse gas emissions, there is considerable interest in quantifying methane emissions in municipal solid waste landfills. A variety of analytical and experimental methods are currently in use for this task. In this paper, an optimization-based estimation method is employed to assess fugitive landfill methane emissions. The method

Biological waste from marine sources is discarded into various water bodies which leads to dramatic increase in the water pollution near coastal areas. This animal waste consists of bioactive compounds such as fatty acids, amino acids and chitin which can be used in agricultural and pharmaceutical sectors. The aim of the current study was to extract chitosan (CS) from the discarded shells of Carinosquilla

A study was undertaken to identify patterns of consumer use of outdoor wood boilers or outdoor wood furnaces (technically referred to as outdoor wood-fired hydronic heaters (OWHHs)) and indoor wood stoves (IWSs) to inform the development of performance testing protocols that reflect real-life operating conditions. These devices are manually fed, and their usage pro are a function of a number of variables

The "green" production of bitumen has raised increasing interest in recent years to reduce the environmental, energy-related and petro-based concerns. Bio-oil, prepared by biomass pyrolysis, can be used as a substitute for petro-based bitumen in bitumen or bitumen-based coatings, for its similar properties of good adhesion and anti-corrosion characteristics as bitumen. Although biomass is a renewable

Road traffic is one of the main sources of particulate matter (PM) in the atmosphere. Despite its importance, there are significant challenges in the quantitative evaluation of its contribution to airborne concentrations. In order to propose effective mitigation scenarios, the proportions of PM traffic emissions, whether they are exhaust or non-exhaust emissions, should be evaluated for any given geographical

5-hydroxymethylfurfural (HMF) obtained from renewable biomass-derived carbohydrates is a potential sustainable substitute to petroleum-based building blocks. In the present work, we constituted a comparative study on the production of HMF from two widely available real biomasses in India- Agave americana and Casuarina equisetifolia. In the initial hydrolysis studies for the production of reducing sugars

The objective of this paper was to select the best infectious waste treatment alternative by Sustainability Assessment of Technologies (SAT) methodology. This study was carried in four educational hospitals of Ardabil University of Medical Sciences. The average waste produced in hospitals was 4.7 kg/bed/day. The average of common waste, infectious waste, sharp waste, and chemical and pharmaceutical

Exhaust flows from coal-fired electricity-generating plants are determined by averaging flue gas velocities measured at prescribed points in the stack cross section. These velocity measurements are made using EPA-approved differential pressure probes such as the 2-hole S-probe or the 5-hole spherical probe. Measurements using the more accurate 5-hole spherical probes require a time-consuming rotation

During August and September 2012, a study was conducted to determine the sources of PM2.5 adjacent to the I-710 Long Beach Freeway. The site is directly affected by the emissions from heavy diesel traffic flowing from major container ports about 10 km south of the sampling site. Hourly average data were obtained for particulate species including PM2.5, black carbon and UV absorbing carbon, EC, fine

People in polluted communities are often exposed to both PM and ozone (O3), albeit not always simultaneously; an important question is whether exposure to particles with seasonal compositional differences can influence biological outcomes. We addressed this question using a mouse model of cardiovascular disease by contrasting the health outcomes of exposures to particles formed or aged during periods

To solve the disposal problem of municipal solid waste incineration bottom ash sludge (MSWI-BAS), using it as the main raw material to prepare lightweight aggregates (LWA) for resource utilization. Sintering is an important process to achieve the desired microstructure and material properties. This paper investigates the characteristics of LWA affected by single factor of sintering mechanism (sintering

The recycling of municipal household solid waste (MHSW) is important for environmental preservation and wellbeing of the society. In recent decades, continuous efforts in research, policy-making and municipal administration have led to improvements towards more sustainable MHSW recycling. However, MHSW recycling remains a major challenge for China. This paper analyzes the current value and potential

The study of cross-regional environmental spillover effects can reveal the spatial information of pollution, and helps to promote regional environmental governance under inter-government cooperation. Based on the non-linear granger causality test and social network analysis, we constructed and analyzed the network of cross-regional environmental spillover effects and the driving factors of the network

A solid-phase microextraction (SPME) sampling device, called a needle trap samplers (NTS) that were packed with 60-80 mesh divinylbenzene (DVB) particles, was used to extract indoor volatile organic compounds (VOCs) that were emitted in an oil painting studio. This work compared the sampling performances of a passive NTS and an active charcoal desorption tube that was connected to a personal sampling

Using the Community Multiscale Air Quality (CMAQ) model and the Benefits Mapping and Analysis Program - Community Edition (BenMAP-CE) tool, we estimate the benefits of anthropogenic emission reductions between 2002 and 2011 in the Eastern United States (US) with respect to surface ozone concentrations and ozone-related health and economic impacts, during a month of extreme heat, July 2011. Based on

Manure-drying system using exhausted air from laying hen houses or ambient air has been extensively used in China to dewater the manure for easy transportation and to reduce pathogen levels prior to land application. Due to the climate influence or inappropriate setting of technological parameters, there are some issues in this manure-drying system, such as low dehydration rate, high energy consumption