A remote sensing device (RSD) has been used at 23 locations across in Western Australia (20) and Queensland (3) in the period 2009 – 2019, generating more than 100,000 valid emission samples. After a statistical assessment of similarity and bias correction, the data were combined for this study to assess the performance of the light-duty vehicle (LDV) on-road fleet, i.e. cars, sport utility vehicles

In order to distinguish the role of organic composition in haze episodes frequently happening in the North China Plain (NCP), the molecular composition, sources and optical property of humic-like substances (HULIS) in winter-time PM2.5 in a rural area in NCP were investigated. Fifty-five PM2.5 samples were collected in the day and night time from Wangdu County (a typical rural area in NCP) in Hebei

Anthropogenic aerosol particles serve as extra Cloud Condensation Nuclei (CCN), increasing the cloud droplet number concentration and modifying the cloud properties. The influence of manmade aerosol is the highest in a marine environment due to a limited number of natural CCN. Marine stratocumulus-like clouds (MSC) are the most frequent cloud-type in the North Sea region. The general assumption is

Results of analysis of variations in the total column ozone content measured at the Kislovodsk High-Altitude Scientific Station are presented. The station is located at a height of 2070 m in the North Caucasus 50 km north of the Main Caucasian Ridge and Mt. Elbrus, the highest summit in Europe. The total ozone content has been measured since 1989 with the Brewer MkII #043 spectrophotometer using standard

This study presents an analysis of real-world emissions from two heavy-duty trucks using the Not-To-Exceed (NTE) and the European based Work-Based-Window (WBW) methodologies. The study also presents a sensitivity analysis of the NTE and WBW approach to key parameters such as window duration, torque, power, and exhaust aftertreatment thresholds. The analysis is performed on data collected from two heavy-duty

Sulfate, nitrate and ammonium are the most abundant secondary inorganic aerosols (SIA) in atmospheric fine particle matter (PM2.5). Meteorological conditions, gas-particle transportation process, and aerosol acidity (pH) can influence SIA formation. In this study, we conducted semi-continuous measurements of water-soluble inorganic ions during a winter extreme pollution event (from January 9th to January

We investigated the temporal and spatial variations of aerosol optical properties over the Korean peninsula during the KORUS-AQ (KORea–United States Air Quality) experiment with ground-based aerosol optical properties measured by remote and in-situ techniques. On the ground, AErosol RObotic NETwork (AERONET) and ground-level particulate matter (PM) concentration from air quality monitoring stations

The Chesapeake Bay watershed has been the focus of pioneering studies of the role of atmospheric nitrogen (N) deposition as a nutrient source and driver of estuarine trophic status. Here, we review the history and evolution of scientific investigations of the role of atmospheric N deposition, examine trends from wet and dry deposition networks, and present century-long (1950–2050) atmospheric N deposition

As a secondary pollutant with strong oxidation, surface O3 is harmful to human health and ecosystem. Accurate identification in the response of ozone formation to its precursors (O3-NOx-NMHCsensitivity) is significant for policy-making of O3 pollution control. Great progress has been made in O3-NOx-NMHC sensitivity analysis based on model-based methods in previous studies. However, large uncertainties

In the framework of the LIFE MINOx-STREET European project (co-financed by the EU), a commercial photocatalytic product consisting of a TiO2-based water solution was implemented and tested on the bituminous asphalt of a main road of the municipality of Alcobendas (Community of Madrid, Spain), covering an area of approximately one thousand square meters both ways. This coating material was selected

To prevent the spread of COVID-19 (2019 novel coronavirus), from January 23 to April 8 in 2020, the highest Class 1 Response was ordered in Wuhan, requiring all residents to stay at home unless absolutely necessary. This action was implemented to cut down all unnecessary human activities, including industry, agriculture and transportation. Reducing these activities to a very low level during these

The global/regional background CO2 has been investigated extensively. However, the monitoring of CO2 concentration remains sparse in the megacities of China. Understanding the ambient CO2 in urban areas and how it is influenced by meteorological conditions, anthropogenic emissions, and biogenic processes may shed light on improving the carbon evaluation. The climatology of ambient CO2 is reported for

Many toxic industrial chemicals (TICs) such as chlorine and ammonia are very reactive with commonly encountered materials in the environment. The amount of TIC material reacted in the environment is an important factor in determining the impact of a release. Typically characterized with a dry deposition rate in atmospheric dispersion models, the reaction rate has predominately been studied in field

Mineral dust represents one of the main components of particulate matter (PM) in the Mediterranean area. The rapid identification of Saharan dust events in PM samples is desirable and required for several reasons, including their role in direct effect on climate by radiative forcing as well as their adverse effects on human health. For this purpose, the feasibility of UV-Vis Diffuse Reflectance Spectroscopy

The CF3C≡CCF3 reaction offers a potential alternative to greenhouse gas-producing reactions in a wide range of industrial applications; however, a better understanding of its impacts on the atmospheric environment is needed before it can be safely and effectively applied on a large scale. In this study, the rate constant (k1) for the reaction of CF3C≡CCF3 with OH was measured to be (7.28 ± 0.07) × 10−14

Promptly locating the airborne pollutant sources in indoor environments is of great importance for improving air quality and ensuring indoor safety, especially in the context of controlling airborne pathogens. However, most existing studies focused on short-range airborne transmission in close contact and identified pollution sources based on numerical simulations. In this study, an experiment-based

Since aerosols are an integral part of the Arctic climate system, understanding aerosol radiative properties and the relation of these properties to each other is important for constraining aerosol radiative forcing effects in this remote region where measurements are sparse. In situ measurements of aerosol size distribution, aerosol light scattering and absorption were taken near Eureka (80.05oN,

Reductions in acidic deposition following the 1990 Amendments to the Clean Air Act have led to improvements in the acid/base status of many freshwater bodies in the eastern United States, but such recovery has not been as widespread in Virginia mountain streams. In the current analysis, water chemistry trends are determined for 63 streams within Shenandoah National Park, Virginia, and surrounding national

Aerosols are an important contributor to global atmospheric environmental changes and have critical effects on the global climate system and human health. Central Asia is one of the most important sources of dust aerosols in the world and produces a significant portion of global aerosols. Central Asia is also a scarce aerosol-data area, so it is of great significance to obtain and verify new aerosol

Although the effects of meteorological factors on severe air pollution have been extensively investigated, quantitative decomposition of the contributions of meteorology and anthropogenic factors remains a big challenge. The novel coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic affords a unique opportunity to test decomposition method. Based on a wind decomposition method, this study outlined an improved

Improved characterization of ambient PM2.5 mass concentration and chemical speciation is a topic of interest in air quality and climate sciences. Over the past decades, considerable efforts have been made to improve ground-level PM2.5 using remotely sensed data. Here we present two new approaches for estimating atmospheric PM2.5 and chemical composition based on the High Spectral Resolution Lidar (HSRL)-retrieved

Recently, the Deep Blue (DB) algorithm has been successfully applied to the Visible Infrared Imaging Radiometer Suite (VIIRS) to expend the long-term aerosol records over land in conjunction with the Environmental Data Record (EDR) product. However, the overall accuracy and uncertainty of VIIRS DB and EDR Aerosol Optical Depth (AOD) products are still unclear in China, in particular, due to the sparse

High-resolution data of fine particulate matters (PM2.5) are of great interest for air pollution prevention and control. However, due to the uneven spatial distribution of ground stations, satellite acquisition cycle, and cloud/rain, high-resolution products cannot be provided on a complete spatio-temporal scale. To provide a full daily PM2.5 product in recent years at 1-km grid of the Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei

This study investigates columnar optical, microphysical and radiative properties of aerosols retrieved from the ground-based Aerosol Robotic Network (AERONET) station located in Minsk, Belarus. Mean values of aerosol optical depth (AOD), a measure of the amount of incoming light that aerosols prevent from reaching the surface, at a wavelength of 440 nm (AOD440) and Ångström exponent at 440–870 (AE440-870)

Decades of acidic deposition have adversely affected aquatic and terrestrial ecosystems in acid-sensitive watersheds in parts of the eastern United States. The national Acid Rain Program (Title IV of the 1990 Clean Air Act Amendments - CAAA) helped reduce emissions of sulfur dioxide (SO2) and nitrogen oxides (NOx) and resulted in sharp decreases in the acidity of atmospheric deposition. The decrease

Traffic-related pollutant concentrations are typically much higher in near-roadway microenvironments, and pedestrian and resident exposures to air pollutants can be substantially increased by the short periods of time spent on and near roadways. The design of the built environment plays a critical role in the dispersion of pollutants at street level; after normalizing for traffic, differences of a

In this work, we present and analyze a dataset of near-surface NO and NO2 observations carried out at the Mt. Cimone WMO/GAW global station (CMN, Italy, 2165 m a.s.l.) from 2015 to 2019. The purpose of this work is to provide a first characterization of NO and NO2 variability over different time scales, as well as to obtain preliminary information about transport processes able to affect the observed

Hospital Operating Rooms (ORs) are working spaces which demand an utmost clean air environment for enhancing both the safety and the comfort conditions of medical staff and patients, in order to reduce the risk of post-operative complications. In this context, an integrated experimental-numerical thermo-fluid dynamic study has been carried out in the present work, to investigate air contamination due

We investigate diurnal variability of the atmospheric ammonia (NH3) budget over unfertilized grassland by combining observations with a conceptual atmospheric boundary layer model. Our combined approach of diurnal observations and modeling enables us to identify the contribution of the four governing processes to the NH3 diurnal cycle: surface-atmosphere exchange, entrainment, advection and chemical

Recent evidence suggests a synergistic acute effect between temperature, ozone and particulate matter (PM) on premature mortality. Several studies reported higher air pollution-related mortality risks during warm days, and higher heat-related mortality risk during polluted days. We investigated if interactions between temperature and air pollution modified the mortality response to an extent that would

Mobilization of toxic forms of aluminum (Ali) have been one of the most harmful effects of acidic deposition on aquatic ecosystems. Large decreases in acidic deposition levels have resulted in decreases in Ali concentrations in surface waters starting in the 1990s. However, recent studies indicate that fish communities are still being impaired by elevated Ali concentrations in streams, suggesting the

PM2.5 pollution poses a serious health risk to residents. In recent years, individual exposure to PM2.5 in daily activities has received much attention, but the impact of different activities at different times and spaces on PM2.5-triggered individual health risks has been ignored. In this paper, the residents' activity diaries and the data on the spatial-temporal changes in urban PM2.5 concentration

This study examines the impacts of urbanization on the local atmospheric circulation and the dispersion of air pollutants over the populated city of Ulsan, South Korea, located in the coastal region. Two experiments are conducted using the Weather Research and Forecasting model coupled with Chemistry (WRF-Chem) and the urban canopy model (UCM) at 1-km horizontal resolution. The model experiments are

Previous source apportionment analyses of New York City (NYC) PM2.5 have found that transported pollution can account for up to half of total fine particulate matter (PM2.5) mass. In recent years, several local and federal emissions regulations on both the transportation and energy sector have been introduced, such as the Clean Heavy-Duty Bus and Truck Rule, and policies related to the NYC Clean Heat

Light scattered by the surface–atmosphere system is partially polarized and provides useful information about aerosols and the underlying surface as polarized signals are sensitive to angular information about aerosols. To fully utilize this information, separating polarization signals of the atmosphere and surface by using the bidirectional polarized distribution function (BPDF) is necessary. However

Declining ammonia emissions are not always reflected in ammonia concentrations due to physicochemical processes and meteorology. Here we present a trend analysis of reduced nitrogen components over the Netherlands using two different types of atmospheric transport models: the Eulerian grid model EMEP/MSC-W and the plume model OPS. We employ calculations with the Eulerian grid model EMEP/MSC-W for the

An intercomparison has been set up to study the representation of the atmospheric chemistry of the pre-industrial troposphere in earth system and other global tropospheric chemistry-transport models. The intercomparison employed a constrained box model and utilised tropospheric trace gas composition data for the pre-industrial times at ninety mid-latitude surface locations. Incremental additions of

Daily maximum 8-h average (MDA8) ozone (O3) concentrations are well-known to be influenced by local meteorological conditions, which vary across both daily and seasonal temporal scales. Previous studies have adjusted long-term trends in O3 concentrations for meteorological effects using various statistical and mathematical methods in order to get a better estimate of the long-term changes in O3 concentrations

The daily variations of near-surface ozone (O3), one of the major air pollutants in China, depend on meteorological conditions. In this study, we analyzed the characteristics of O3 pollution and the complicated interactions among the controlling meteorological factors. In China, O3 pollution is becoming severe and high-concentration areas are expanding greatly. We found that O3 was correlated to numerous

To investigate the effects of biomass burning and photochemical oxidation on the black carbon (BC) mixing state and light absorption, a tandem centrifugal particle mass analyzer (CPMA) and single-particle soot photometer (SP2) system was used to measure ambient fine particulate BC during EXPLORE-YRD 2018 campaign (EXPeriment on the eLucidation of the atmospheric Oxidation capacity and aerosol foRmation

Northern high latitudes are likely to be heavily impacted by climate change, changes that will undoubtedly alter carbon cycling across these regions. An understanding of both the magnitude and drivers of current CO2 and CH4 fluxes are a prerequisite for making robust projections of future changes. In this study, we use observations from the recent Airborne Carbon Measurements (ACME-V) aircraft campaign

Biomass burning from wildfires is a significant global source of aerosol and trace gases which impact air quality, tropospheric and stratospheric composition, and climate. During the summer of 2019, wildfire activity in central and eastern Siberia occurred during the Fire Influence on Regional to Global Environments and Air Quality (FIREX-AQ) campaign conducted in the United States between July 24