Piston powered aircraft burning leaded gasoline contribute ∼70% of the lead in the atmosphere in the US. The physical size, composition, and structure of aircraft exhaust particles containing lead dibromide are poorly understood and heretofore have not been examined directly by electron microscopy (EM), in particular when captured from an aircraft in flight. To accomplish this, exhaust samples were

The stability of the atmosphere plays a major role in the dispersion of pollutants. The meteorological conditions favoring a high-pressure situation resulting in the formation of inversion layer inhibits pollutant dispersion. The aim of the study was to obtain vertical profiles of meteorological parameters and air pollutants in order to investigate the impact of inversion on the air quality of this

Household cleaning products are sources of volatile organic compounds (VOCs). Bleach containing products are a special case because reactions occur between chloride and their organic content such as surfactants, perfumes, etc., generating VOCs. This study aimed to determine concentration of 13 VOCs in bleach-containing automatic toilet cleaners, to estimate their indoor air concentrations and associated

Municipal wastewater treatment plants (WTP) are potential sources of offensive odors that can create annoyance in the communities. Therefore, odors have been rated as the primary concern of the public relative to the implementation of wastewater treatment facilities. In this study, dispersion modeling and air quality measurements were used to quantify the potential odor impact around a Wastewater Treatment

School students are exposed to the increased particulate (PM) number concentration inside the school bus on daily basis while commuting on urban road networks. However, the potential effect of different ventilation over in-cabin pollutants is still unclear in many aspects. The present paper investigates the influence of varying ventilation scenarios over in-cabin particle number concentration (PNC)

The study investigated the potential for adverse health impacts from exposures to inhalable atmospheric dust and radon in the main towns along Namibia's central-western coast. An ambient air quality monitoring network was established at the end of 2016 to measure and track the inhalable dust (specifically PM10) and radon concentrations. Data collected between November 2016 and the end of December 2018

In parallel with rapidly increasing population and number of motor vehicles, irregular urbanization, and unplanned industrialization, air pollution has reached dangerous levels in developing cities. Various industries such as textile, automotive, chemical, rubber and plastic industries are located in Bursa. In addition, the region receives a lot of migration and there is an intensive air pollution

During the past few years, severe air-pollution problem has garnered worldwide attention due to its effect on health and wellbeing of individuals. As a result, the analysis and prediction of air pollution has attracted a good deal of interest among researchers. The research areas include traditional machine learning, neural networks and deep learning. How to effectively and accurately predict air pollution

The chemical characteristics of fine particulates in Metropolitan Manila, capital of the Philippines, were investigated. Week-long daily PM2.5 sampling observations were done in the months of May and October of 2018 in the Manila Bay area. May and October correspond to the boreal spring and fall monsoon transition periods, respectively. The sampling periods were selected to minimize the contribution

The heterogeneous transition-metal-catalyzed oxidation (hereinafter referred to as TMI-catalyzed pathway) is an important pathway for atmospheric sulfate formation. While most research has focused on in-cloud reactions of sulfate, studies on its heterogeneous reactions on aerosol surfaces remain scarce. To better understand this pathway, we investigated the temporal changes of sulfate heterogeneous

Atmospheric nitrogen dioxide (NO2), which has adverse effects on human health, has significantly changed due to rapid economic growth in Northeast Asia. Trends in tropospheric NO2 vertical column densities (VCDs) can be an indicator of the effectiveness of national environmental policies to reduce NO2 emissions. A number of studies have focused on long-terms trends in NO2 VCDs, mostly relying on arithmetic

In this study, we apply six machine-learning algorithms (XGBoost, Cubist, BMARS, ANFIS, Cforest and Elasticnet) to investigate the susceptibility of the Jazmurian Basin in southeastern Iran to dust emissions. This research is the first attempt to apply several machine-learning techniques (e.g., BMARS, ANFIS, Cforest and Elasticnet) to mapping of dust emissions from land surfaces. Fourteen parameters

This study evaluated a modified water surface sampler (MWSS) in terms of deposition characteristics of atmospheric polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs). Water was employed as a collection surface for the atmospheric PCBs. The main difference between the MWSS and previous WSSs was its cover which prevented the deposition of particles and minimized wind effects. Therefore, lower particle-phase deposition

Urban viaducts influence air pollution due to their elevated emission sources and complex wind fields. This study investigates the three-dimensional distribution of a typical traffic pollutant (i.e., PM2.5) alongside a viaduct in Guangzhou, China, by using a movable measurement platform. Based on the measured data, the study explores the statistical relationship between the pollutant and the influencing

Vehicle exhaust emissions at signalized intersections are the essential source of traffic-related pollution to pedestrians. Therefore, it is critical to predicting traffic emissions, especially the hazardous CO gas, with practical and accurate methods. However, the CO emission and concentration at crosswalks can be influenced by the complex traffic conditions in a complicated way, making the prediction

To investigate the evolutionary characteristics and formation mechanisms of PM2.5 in areas with high environmental capacity, Shenzhen, a representative megacity on the southeast coast of China, was chosen for analysis in this study. Continuous quantitative observations of the mass concentrations of PM2.5, water-soluble inorganic ions (WSIIs) in PM2.5 and relevant reactive gaseous precursors were conducted

The concept of an electric light truck (ELT) with green environmental protection has been accepted by governments and purchasers with the promotion of Made in China (2025) and the Blue Sky Protection Campaign. However, the ELT's characteristics of low gas emissions and zero pollution should be further investigated. An electric light truck emissions index (ELTEI) is established to explore the greenhouse

This study investigates the spatial distribution and source contributions of fine particles (PM2.5) in complex terrain in Jincheng, China, using the Weather Research and Forecast (WRF) Model/California Puff Model (CALPUFF) modeling system. To evaluate the CALPUFF performance, the simulated results were compared with the observational data at the three monitoring stations. The results show that the

The meteorology of air pollution in Los Angeles (LA) is studied via daily near-surface air chemistry, aerosol and weather data assimilated from insitu and satellite measurements in the period 2005–2016. Atmospheric fields are regressed onto seasonal air pollution indices and reveal that a ridge of high pressure north of California weakens the longshore circulation and reduces dispersion. A 10-case

In order to analyze the content, spatial distribution characteristics, sources and influencing factors of Cr, Cu, Fe, Mn, Ni, Pb and Zn in kitchen dust and put forward reasonable suggestions for rural environmental management, 282 samples of kitchen dust in 15 prefecture-level cities of Anhui Province were collected for the detailed study. The results showed that the content of Cr, Cu, Mn, Pb and Zn

Measurements of equivalent black carbon (EBC) aerosols are presented for the first time from a high-altitude station Ranichauri (30°18′ N, 78°24′ E; 2200 m amsl) in the lesser Himalaya during January-December 2016. The influences of meteorology, fire emissions and transport, on [EBC] variations have been investigated here. The daily mean values of [EBC] are observed to vary from 0.04 ± 0.03 μgm−3 to

Passive and active samplers were compared for the monitoring of pesticides in the atmosphere during field campaigns undertaken in Alsace (northeastern France). Two different types of passive samplers were compared: XAD-2 resin and carbon-based foam. The results show that active and passive sampling gives comparable results for the sampling of atmospheric pesticides. It is assumed that passive sampling

Multi-step PM2.5 concentrations forecasting can help reduce the negative impact of PM2.5 on public health. In this study, a hybrid method is proposed for multi-step PM2.5 concentrations forecasting. The proposed hybrid computing framework consists of three modules: hybrid data pretreatment, multi-objective feature selection and ensemble predicting. The hybrid data pretreatment can smooth the original

Pollutant emission from steel industries is an important source of air pollution in Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei region. Using WRF-FLEXPART atmospheric diffusion model, this paper simulated the pollutant diffusion processes of two steel industries from Oct. 2018 to Mar. 2019 in Caofeidian district, and then analysed the pollutant diffusion characteristics, the impacts of atmospheric circulation and local

Present study is focused on the analysis of the similarities and differences in the aerosol properties retrieved from the sun-photometers operating at two sites in Western part of Black Sea, Romanian area, belonging to AERONET network (one on the sea shore at Eforie and the other on the Oil Platform Gloria at about 30 km offshore). Four years data sets (2014–2017) of aerosol optical depth, Ǻngström

The air quality index (AQI) can reflect the change of air quality in real time. It has linear characteristics, nonlinear and fuzzy features. However, a single model cannot fit the dynamic changes of AQI scientifically and reasonably. Therefore, this paper proposes a new dynamic ensemble forecasting system based on multi-objective intelligent optimization algorithm to forecast AQI, which has time-varying

Volatile organic compounds (VOCs) emitted from local industries can cause PM2.5 and ozone pollution. The VOCs source profiles of 14 industries were set up on the basis of on-site sampling in this work. The sectors were divided into four following groups according to their largest fraction of emission component: oxygenated VOCs (OVOCs), aromatic, alkane, and halohydrocarbon emissions. The main species

Many investigations have found that the effects of chemical composition of PM2.5 plays an important role on human health. This study develops an air pollution source reduction strategy that apportions health risk among different emission sources by combining the receptor model and human health risk assessment technique. The goal is to identify emission source of PM2.5 that have the greatest impact

Due to the potential for heightened exposure to vehicle exhaust pollutants, air monitoring has been required at near roadway (NR) locations within large urban centers in the United States since 2010. In this paper pollutant measurements at two urban NR locations, Rochester and New York City, Queens are discussed. Pollutants measured at these sites include PM2.5 mass, nitrogen oxides (NO, NO2, NOx)

Remnants of Semideciduous Atlantic Forest surrounded by numerous industries, intense road traffic and agricultural lands in Southeast Brazil have been affected by trace elements. We implemented a passive biomonitoring with the three most abundant native tree species (Astronium graveolens, Croton floribundus and Piptadenia gonoacantha) to answer these questions: 1) which species has the greatest potential

Exposure to particulate matter, carbon dioxide, and carbon monoxide inside a car during commuting were determined during the period October–November 2017 in Nur-Sultan, Kazakhstan. We choose to follow five bus routes (#10, 18, 19, 37 and 53) that cover the majority of the city's area. CO (ppm), CO2 (ppm) and PM1, PM2.5, PM4, and PM10 mass concentration (μg/m3) were measured in this study. PM1 was found

The characteristics and behavior of the H2S pollution plume in the emission zone of spring water and wastewater are determined by a total of 120 readings of H2S in the air and 24 samples of dissolved gas analysis during the observation period. Monitoring data is adjusted to determine the behavior of air pollution plumes and their relationship to emission sources by using statistical techniques and

The indoor air quality (IAQ) of an ice rink, located in the Upper Silesia Region of Southern Poland, was assessed during the winter holidays. Ice rinks are characterized by unusual conditions and multiple sources of pollution. This study evaluated the relative importance of the ventilation system (VS) for maintaining the indoor microenvironment in the ice rink. A preliminary investigation of the concentration

Primary mercury gas standards, traceable to the SI, have been developed which can be used to underpin a NIST traceability framework for the calibration of vapor phase continuous emission monitoring systems (CEMS). A gas standard, which is based on a commercial gas generator, has been certified for gaseous elemental mercury output at specified generator output set points. The standard, termed the NIST

Air quality planning and management can benefit from the ability of numerical models to produce skillful forecasts. However, obtaining these forecasts is a continuing challenge, particularly in complex terrain. Here we examine the dispersion of traffic emissions in the Aburrá valley (located in the Colombian Andes) during an episode of severe air pollution, using the WRF-Chem and a Lagrangian model

Despite several independent observational studies, a comprehensive picture on the aerosol vertical distribution and its spatial gradients has not yet evolved over the Indian subcontinent. The present study analyses around 10 years (June 2006 to December 2016) of version 3 level 3 CALIPSO (Cloud-Aerosol Lidar and Infrared Pathfinder Satellite Observation) spaceborne lidar (light detection and ranging)

In this paper, we observed that flue gas from a natural draft dry-cooling tower (NDDCT) with flue gas injection could not be discharged smoothly under unfavorable working conditions (e.g., when the louvers are closed in winter), which may have caused severe corrosion on the inner shell of the cooling tower. In light of this issue, we proposed an improvement measure. On the basis of the computational

The influences of elevated ozone (O3) concentrations on biomass, leaf gas exchange, fluorescence parameters, and leaf physiological and biochemical traits were examined in Elaeocarpus sylvestris and Michelia chapensis seedlings under four O3 conditions for a growing season in open-top chambers (OTCs). The four O3 concentrations were charcoal-filtered air (CF) (20 ppb), 1 × O3 air (40 ppb), 2 × O3 air

As an important species of ambient fine particles, black carbon (BC) has significant adverse effects on air quality, human health and climate. This work reports results of one-year measurement of BC conducted in northern suburb of Nanjing, China from December 2017 to November 2018. Annual mean BC concentration was determined to be 2.78 μg/m³. BC concentration presented a “U” shape from December to

With the objectives to understand the chemical characteristics of particulate matters in haze episodes, PM2.5 and PM10 samples were simultaneously collected for six days in each season from August 2013 to March 2014 in Cixi, China. The daily average concentrations of PM2.5 and PM10 in Cixi were 117 and 151μg/m3, respectively, which were higher than those in metropolises of China. The long-range air

Volatile organic compounds (VOCs) and nitrogen oxides (NOx) play a key role in tropospheric chemistry. A typical urban scenario, under VOC-controlled conditions (low VOC/NOx ratios), is discussed with emphasis on the kinetic conditions leading to high ozone concentrations for an urban area of Brazil. As a base case, kinetic and mechanistic reactivities of individual VOCs, were evaluated in the district

Air pollution has negative short- and long-term impacts on humans, particularly in terms of health, mood, cognition, and behavior. Air pollution may affect driving behavior through psychological and physiological pathways and cause the haze to reduce visibility of road. Our objective here is to explore whether daily traffic accident is related to the environmental air pollutant while other factors

This study investigates the contents, distribution patterns, and sources of lanthanoid elements (La to Lu) in aerosols with an aerodynamic diameter ≤10 μm (PM10) in a coastal Caribbean region in order to better constrain the origin of the atmospheric PM contamination. We sampled and analysed PM10 aerosols during 2015 simultaneously at a rural and an urban site in Cienfuegos (Cuba) as well as particles

The objective of this study is to explore the existing services at a regional scale and study their applicability to the assessment and forecast of air quality at the urban scale. Two approaches were evaluated to characterize urban background pollution levels from the regional operational forecast: (i) Copernicus Atmosphere Monitoring Service (CAMS) and (ii) Chemical Transport Model CHIMERE from the

PM10 samples were collected at eight monitoring (urban, industrial and regional background) stations during 2011 in SW Poland (Voivodeship of Lower Silesia) with the objectives of identifying their potential sources, as well as of quantitatively estimating the anthropogenic impact on their carbon content by coupling carbon stable isotope compositions of the total carbon (TC) with organic (OC) and elemental

In this paper, satellite data from five isolated power plants were used to explore the change local emissions levels belonged to the vicinity of the power plant before and after ultra-low emissions (ULE) retrofitted. Sulphur dioxide (SO2) and nitrogen dioxide (NO2) observations from Ozone monitoring Instrument (OMI) satellite data were used to evaluate the emission changes of the power plants retrofitted