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Field observations of clear summer day fruit surface temperatures in apple and satsuma mandarin J. Agric. Meteorol. (IF 1.3) Pub Date : 2024-03-05 Shohei KONNO, Toshihiko SUGIURA
To enhance the study of sunburn and fruit surface temperature (FST) prediction in domestic fruit trees, we examined the spatiotemporal characteristics of FST and the predominant factors influencing FST on clear summer days by measuring the FST of detached apple and satsuma mandarin fruits, and monitoring ambient summer meteorological condition. With respect to the diurnal variation in FST, we found
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Preferable weather patterns to brown planthopper advection to Kyushu and its effect of climate change J. Agric. Meteorol. (IF 1.3) Pub Date : 2024-01-10 Keito OISHI, Masaru INATSU, Sho KAWAZOE
The brown planthopper, Nilaparvata lugens (Stål), a type of rice pest, immigrates from southern China to western Japan by drifting in the southwesterly environment during the Baiu/Meiyu rainy season. This study aims to investigate the preferable weather patterns for the immigration of brown planthoppers across the East China Sea. We conducted immigration runs using an advection diffusion model for
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No-weeding suppressed methane emissions by Takanari and Koshihikari rice varieties under organic farming J. Agric. Meteorol. (IF 1.3) Pub Date : 2024-01-10 Jean Yves DUKUZUMUREMYI, Samuel Munyaka KIMANI, Weiguo CHENG, Christian NKURUNZIZA, Margi Asih MAIMUNAH, Eric CANTONA, Shuirong TANG, Shigeto SUDO, Yuka SASAKI, Hideki MURAYAMA
To determine the difference in greenhouse gas emissions between two rice (Oryza sativa L.) varieties; Takanari (Tak) and Koshihikari (Kos), under organic rice cultivation with or without weeds management, a pot experiment was conducted at Tsuruoka, Yamagata, Japan. The Tak and Kos varieties were transplanted individually and interplanted as Tak+Kos, with the main treatments of weeding (w) and no-weeding
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Non-destructive estimation of the amount of green fluorescent protein transiently expressing in Nicotiana benthamiana leaves with a viral vector J. Agric. Meteorol. (IF 1.3) Pub Date : 2024-01-10 Ryo MATSUDA, Shinya URAYAMA, Fumiki HOSOI, Kazuhiro FUJIWARA
A custom-made fluorescence measurement system was constructed for non-destructive and quantitative estimation of green fluorescent protein (GFP) transiently expressing in a Nicotiana benthamiana leaf with a viral vector. The system comprised a digital camera, a blue LED lamp, and a long wavelength-pass filter to acquire the brightness intensity of the green channel (G value) of a leaf surface image
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Growth of cucumber seedlings under emulated sunlight with artificially reproduced fluctuations in photosynthetic photon flux density J. Agric. Meteorol. (IF 1.3) Pub Date : 2023-10-10 Ryo MATSUDA, Soichiro SHIBA, Yunhao CHEN, Shunsuke KUBO, Liyao YU, Ji-Yoon LEE, Kazuhiro FUJIWARA
Cucumber seedling growth under constant and fluctuating photosynthetic photon flux density (PPFD) light (CPL and FPL, respectively) was examined to discuss whether plants can acclimate to CPL versus FPL. The FPL was created in a growth chamber by artificially reproducing fluctuations in ground-level sunlight PPFD using phosphor-converted white LEDs. The daily mean PPFD at the canopy surface and photoperiod
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Responses of leaf mass per area of cucumber seedlings to light with diurnal and day‑to‑day changes in photosynthetic photon flux density J. Agric. Meteorol. (IF 1.3) Pub Date : 2023-10-10 Ryo MATSUDA, Moe SHINOHARA, Liyao YU, Kazuhiro FUJIWARA
We examined whether the method that we have recently proposed for quantitative estimation of leaf mass per area (LMA) in leaves grown under day-to-day changing photosynthetic photon flux density (PPFD) could be applied to conditions where PPFD also fluctuated during the daytime. The method utilizes the time-weighted average PPFD (Qwl) in which a greater weight was assigned to PPFD levels in recent
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Gap-filling greenhouse gas fluxes for the closed chamber method at paddy fields using machine learning techniques J. Agric. Meteorol. (IF 1.3) Pub Date : 2023-10-10 Sunchai PHUNGERN, Yuji GOTO, Liya DING, Iain MCTAGGART, Kosuke NOBORIO
Measurements of greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions from paddy fields can often include flux measurement errors due to either instrument errors or unfavorable weather. Therefore, data post-processing, including the gap-filling process, is required to improve data quality and quantify the GHG flux budget. This study applied machine learning (ML) techniques with polynomial and multivariate polynomial regression
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A monitoring system for evaluating the responses in CH4 uptake to rising CH4 concentrations in forest soils based on a closed chamber system J. Agric. Meteorol. (IF 1.3) Pub Date : 2023-07-10 Chihiro KIKUCHI, Masahito UEYAMA, Satoru TAKANASHI
Upland soils are an important methane (CH4) sink at the global scale, but their responses to rising CH4 concentrations are not well understood. In this study, we developed a system for the in situ evaluation of the responses in CH4 uptake in forest soils to rising CH4 concentrations, and applied this system to a temperate forest in Japan. The system was used to precisely inject air with a high CH4
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GCPE: The global dataset of crop phenological events for agricultural and earth system modeling J. Agric. Meteorol. (IF 1.3) Pub Date : 2023-07-10 Akira MORI, Yasuhiro DOI, Toshichika IIZUMI
The occurrence dates of crop phenological events are closely related to the timing of agronomic management and therefore are key information for agricultural monitoring and forecasting as well as for climate change impact assessment and adaptation planning. However, sowing and harvesting dates are only variables available in current global datasets. Here, we present the 0.5° grid global dataset of
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Effect of light quality of long-day treatments on flowering in Delphinium J. Agric. Meteorol. (IF 1.3) Pub Date : 2023-07-10 Nono SUGAWARA, Mei NUMAZAWA, Ryo ABE, Manabu NISHIYAMA, Kazuhisa KATO, Yoshinori KANAYAMA
The effects of light quality on the flowering need to be investigated for the efficient use of light-emitting diodes (LEDs) in cut flower production because of the environmentally friendly features of LEDs. Assuming long-day treatments in cut flower production, we used Delphinium species, popular long-day plants, and treated the plants at night with relatively weak light to investigate the effects
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Net photosynthetic rate of cos lettuce under pulsed light generated with full-wave rectification of 50 Hz sine-wave alternating-current power J. Agric. Meteorol. (IF 1.3) Pub Date : 2023-07-10 Kazuhiro FUJIWARA, Tomohiro JISHI, Kyohei NISHINO, Akira YANO
The net photosynthetic rate (NPR) of cos lettuce plants at an average photosynthetic (wavelength range: 400-700 nm) photon flux density of 100 µmol m-2 s-1 under pulsed light generated with full-wave rectification of 50 Hz sine-wave alternating-current power (FWR pulsed light) was compared with those under square-wave (SW) pulsed light at a frequency of 100 Hz and duty ratio of 50%, and under constant
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Determinants of genotypic variations in the yield response of soybean to elevated atmospheric CO2 J. Agric. Meteorol. (IF 1.3) Pub Date : 2023-07-10 Etsushi KUMAGAI, Hiroyuki SHIMONO
The large genotypic differences in yield response within crop species to elevated CO2 concentration (e[CO2]) suggest that there is potential to ensure food security under future e[CO2], by actively selecting and breeding cultivars that maximize yield under e[CO2]. Identifying the determinants of yield response is important for breeding these cultivars. In soybean, genotypic variations in yield response
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Applicability of digital camera images to estimate vegetation parameters in semi-arid grasslands of Mongolia J. Agric. Meteorol. (IF 1.3) Pub Date : 2023-07-10 Tomoko NAKANO, Yasunori KUROSAKI, Takehiko Y. ITO, Yoshihiro IIJIMA, Ganbat BAVUUDORJ
Greenness indices derived from near-surface photography are increasingly being used for the continuous and automated monitoring of vegetation within various ecosystems. In the present study, we examined the characteristics and applicability of the green chromatic coordinate (GCC) index for monitoring vegetation parameters in semi-arid grasslands. From 2016 to 2019, digital images were collected using
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Decline in tuber number and weight of potato (Solanum tuberosum L) associated with drought in 2020 and 2021 in a humid region of eastern Hokkaido J. Agric. Meteorol. (IF 1.3) Pub Date : 2023-04-10 Seiji SHIMODA, Maki KANAYA, Yasuhiro KOMINAMI, Hiroyuki TSUJI
The objectives of this study were to verify changes in potato tuber number and weight under climatic variations in a cool region in Japan. We investigated potato growth over a 3-year period from 2019, establishing plots with different planting times and maturity types. In 2020, early planting encountered dryness during the tuber formation period after sprouting, which significantly reduced tuber numbers
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Improved methods for estimating effective accumulated temperature for pest forecasting J. Agric. Meteorol. (IF 1.3) Pub Date : 2023-04-10 Nobuyuki KAYABA, Ryoji SAMESHIMA
The optimal timing of pest control is forecasted via effective accumulated temperature. We focused on the daily increment of it (Dy,i ; y and i indicate the year and day, respectively). Dy,i is usually estimated using the hourly temperature. The observed hourly temperature data are only available for the time period before the publication date (when the pest control information is released). Normals
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Comparisons of the stomatal conductance and electron transport rate of three Japanese rice cultivars including Himenorin in Ehime Prefecture J. Agric. Meteorol. (IF 1.3) Pub Date : 2023-04-10 Hiroki OUE
This study focused on stomatal conductance (gs) and electron transport rate (ETR) as one possible approach to the mechanisms of controlling canopy temperature and photosynthetic traits in rice. Three Japanese rice cultivars, Koshihikari (KH), Nikomaru (NM), and the new cultivar Himenorin (HR) developed in Ehime Prefecture were selected for the experiment. From the uppermost to the fifth leaves of five
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Down-regulation of photosynthesis in apple leaves under elevated CO2 concentration: a long-term field study with different fruit load J. Agric. Meteorol. (IF 1.3) Pub Date : 2023-01-10 Md Rakibul HASSAN, Daiyu ITO
Atmospheric CO2 concentration ([CO2]) would double by the end of this century. Although the short-term elevated [CO2] substantially accelerates photosynthesis in C3 plants, the photosynthetic response under long-term elevated [CO2] varies depending on the plant size and sink capacity and is still unclear. In addition, only a few studies have been performed on mature fruit tree species under field
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Special Collection: Gas fluxes and micrometeorology of agricultural ecosystems in Japan J. Agric. Meteorol. (IF 1.3) Pub Date : 2023-01-10 Keisuke ONO
The recent climate changes are largely affecting agricultural activity and production in Japan. Yield and quality losses are already reported for many cereals, fruits, and livestock. On the other hand, agriculture has contributed to accelerate the global warming through ongoing greenhouse gas emissions. The crop canopy temperature, which is determined through energy exchanges such as evapotranspiration
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Effects of farmyard manure application and grassland renovation on net ecosystem carbon balance in a temperate grassland: analysis of 11-year eddy covariance data J. Agric. Meteorol. (IF 1.3) Pub Date : 2023-01-10 Shoji MATSUURA, Akinori MORI, Akira MIYATA, Ryusuke HATANO
Grasslands provide a globally essential ecosystem service by storing carbon (C). Management practices affect the net C balance in grasslands positively and negatively. In Japan, farmyard manure (FYM) application and grassland renovation are common and essential grassland management practices; however, the long-term effects of these practices on C balance are not known. We conducted a field experiment
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The effect of periodical grass mowing and various meteorological factors on CO2 flux in a sod-cultured apple orchard J. Agric. Meteorol. (IF 1.3) Pub Date : 2023-01-10 Daiyu ITO, Sachinobu ISHIDA
To investigate the reasons for irregular and severe decreases in net ecosystem production (NEP) in a sod-cultured apple orchard for better understanding orchard carbon dynamics, CO2 flux observation was conducted from April to November (2013 and 2014) using two sets of eddy covariance equipment on different towers that were 15 m apart. Special attention was paid to the effect of grass mowing, which
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Observations on dew formation in the rice canopy and its simulation using a multilayer microclimate model J. Agric. Meteorol. (IF 1.3) Pub Date : 2023-01-10 Atsushi MARUYAMA, Tsuneo KUWAGATA, Tsutomu WATANABE
Dew formation in the rice canopy was directly observed to assess its actual nature and was simulated using a multilayer microclimate model to understand the relationship between the dew amount and atmospheric conditions. Observations were made on four nights during August and October in a paddy field in Kumamoto, Japan under warm temperate climate. The vertical profile of the dew amount in the canopy
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Review: Exchanges of O3, NO, and NO2 between forest ecosystems and the atmosphere J. Agric. Meteorol. (IF 1.3) Pub Date : 2023-01-10 Ryuichi WADA, Seiichiro YONEMURA, Akira TANI, Mizuo KAJINO
The emission and absorption of trace gases in the biosphere affect atmospheric chemistry and influence the potential indirect effects on the carbon and nitrogen cycles, air pollution, and climate. Ozone (O3) and nitrogen oxides are important for the atmosphere and have adverse effects on plant growth and human health. In this review, the observed fluxes and deposition velocities of O3, NO, and NO2
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Carbon loss from aboveground woody debris generated through land conversion from a secondary peat swamp forest to an oil palm plantation J. Agric. Meteorol. (IF 1.3) Pub Date : 2022-10-10 Takashi Hirano, Guan Xhuan Wong, Joseph Wenceslaus Waili, Kim San Lo, Frankie Kiew, Edward Baran Aeries, Ryuichi Hirata, Kiwamu Ishikura, Masato Hayashi, Shoko Murata, Tomohiro Shiraishi, Masayuki Itoh, Lulie Melling
Palm oil accounts for about 40% of the global demand of vegetable oil. To meet the demand, oil palm plantations have expanded in the humid tropics at the expense of tropical forests. Land conversion begins with clear cutting and generates much woody debris, which was stacked in rows. Woody debris decomposes and emits carbon dioxide (CO2), but the time course of the decomposition is not well understood
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Coastline dynamics and erosion/accretion in the estuaries of the lower Mekong Delta, Vietnam J. Agric. Meteorol. (IF 1.3) Pub Date : 2022-10-10 Diep Nguyen Thi HONG, Kenichi TATSUMI, Minh Vo QUANG, Megumi YAMASHITA, Truong Phan NHAT, Nhi Nguyen Thi BICH
In this study, we used Landsat satellite imagery to monitor coastline changes in critical estuaries of the lower Mekong River basin from 1989 to 2017. To delineate the shoreline dynamics, we used the automated water extraction index (AWEI) and the digital shoreline analysis system (DSAS) to calculate the rate-of-change statistics from multiple historical shoreline positions. The rate of shoreline change
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Simulating the impacts of and adaptation options for increasing air temperature on chalky rice grains in the Kyushu region of Japan J. Agric. Meteorol. (IF 1.3) Pub Date : 2022-10-10 Yoshiyuki Kinose, Riku Seita
In the Kyushu region of Japan, the occurrence of chalky rice grains caused by high air temperatures is a concern for a major local cultivar, Hinohikari. To avoid heat stress, a cultivar shift to Nikomaru, which is highly tolerant to high temperatures, is expected in this region. However, it is unknown how effective the shifting cultivar is for avoiding the heat‑induced chalky grains under possible
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Projected changes in field workability of agricultural machinery operations for upland crop production with +4 K warming in Hokkaido, Japan J. Agric. Meteorol. (IF 1.3) Pub Date : 2022-10-10 Keach MURAKAMI, Satoshi INOUE, Manabu NEMOTO, Yasuhiro KOMINAMI, Masaru INATSU, Tomoyoshi HIROTA
The use of agricultural machines for field operations is often restricted by the soil status, which is determined by the meteorological conditions several days before the operation. While a projected rise in air temperature caused by climate change may promote evapotranspiration and incur positive impacts on the use of agricultural machines, intensified rainfall may have negative effects. Here, we
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Inter-batch variability of hemagglutinin content transiently expressed in Nicotiana benthamiana plants grown under sole-source lighting and sunlight conditions before gene transfer J. Agric. Meteorol. (IF 1.3) Pub Date : 2022-10-10 Ryo MATSUDA
I investigated the effects of seasonal fluctuations in light availability for plants before gene transfer on the inter-batch variation of target recombinant protein productivity in a viral vector-based transient gene expression system. Nicotiana benthamiana plants were grown five times in different seasons, either in a growth chamber (GC) under sole-source (solely electric) lighting or in a temperature-controlled
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Interannual changes of land surface conditions in Asian dust source regions since 2000 J. Agric. Meteorol. (IF 1.3) Pub Date : 2022-10-10 Reiji KIMURA
The Taklimakan and Gobi deserts and the Loess Plateau in China and Mongolia are generally recognized source areas for Asian dust. However, dust emissions depend on meteorological factors such as air pressure and land surface conditions, and precise information on land surface conditions in the dust source areas and the frequency of dust events in Japan is lacking. In this study, interannual changes
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Rice yield reductions due to ozone exposure and the roles of VOCs and NOx in ozone production in Japan J. Agric. Meteorol. (IF 1.3) Pub Date : 2022-07-10 Kenichi TATSUMI
Ozone (O3) is believed to be the most damaging air pollutant to crops, owing to its ability to decrease physiological functions, including photosynthesis. Accordingly, it has been reported that rice yields have been drastically reduced by O3 exposure. However, previous studies have not assessed the impacts of O3 on rice, nor assessed the fine-scale comprehensive relationships between O3 sensitivity
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Improved LED artificial sunlight source system available for sunlight-effect research in plant sciences J. Agric. Meteorol. (IF 1.3) Pub Date : 2022-07-10 Kazuhiro FUJIWARA, Shunsuke KUBO, Kensuke EIJIMA, Ryo MATSUDA, Akira YANO
We have improved a light-emitting diode artificial sunlight source system that we developed in 2013. The 2013 system can produce light with various spectral distributions for wavelengths of 380-940 nm that approximates those of ground-level sunlight and produce light with arbitrarily modified spectral distributions. Moreover, this system can produce time-varying light with different spectral distributions
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Estimation of sunlight conditions through a drone-mounted solar irradiation sensor J. Agric. Meteorol. (IF 1.3) Pub Date : 2022-07-10 Akira HAMA, Minami SATO, Yuta TSUKAMOTO, Nobuhiro MATSUOKA
Sunlight conditions, such as a clear or cloudy sky, can have an adverse effect on vegetation spectroscopy. Drones with mounted solar irradiation sensors have become available recently. Estimation of sunlight conditions at the observation location by using data from these solar irradiation sensors can help increase the accuracy of spectroscopy measurements. In this study, we estimated sunlight conditions
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Dark panicle color and high panicle position increase spikelet temperature of rice (Oryza sativa L.) J. Agric. Meteorol. (IF 1.3) Pub Date : 2022-04-10 Ryotaro KITAJIMA, Osamu MATSUDA, Toshihiro KUMAMARU, Atsushi KUME
Rice (Oryza sativa L.) quality and yield are degraded by high temperature, especially at the ripening stage after the heading of panicles. The effect is lethal when the panicle temperature (Tp) is excessively high; therefore, maintaining a low Tp is important to avoid deleterious impacts on the grains. Microclimatic factors and plant physiological elements determine the Tp. One determining factor is
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Model-based evaluation of methane emissions from paddy fields in East Asia J. Agric. Meteorol. (IF 1.3) Pub Date : 2022-04-10 Akihiko ITO, Shimpei INOUE, Motoko INATOMI
Evaluating regional budgets of methane (CH4), a potent greenhouse gas and short-lived climate forcer, is an important task for future climate management. This study estimated historical CH4 emissions from paddy fields in East Asia by using a process-based terrestrial biogeochemical model driven by climate and land-use data. To capture the range of estimation uncertainty, this study used two CH4 emission
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Methodology to quantify the role of intense precipitation runoff in soil moisture scarcity: a case study in the U.S. South from 1980-2020 J. Agric. Meteorol. (IF 1.3) Pub Date : 2022-04-10 Robert Kennedy SMITH, José A. GUIJARRO, Der-Chen CHANG, Yiming CHEN
The northern U.S. Gulf Coast is among the wettest regions in the contiguous United States, with a transition zone from humid to semi-arid climates occurring between the western Gulf Coast and the 100th meridian. As anthropogenic warming induces more frequent extreme wetting events of greater magnitude, a larger proportion of rainfall runs off unsaturated soils rather than being absorbed and replenishing
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Assessing the subnational-level yield forecast skills of the 2019/20 season NARO-APCC Joint Crop Forecasting Service for Southern Hemisphere countries J. Agric. Meteorol. (IF 1.3) Pub Date : 2022-04-10 Yasuhiro DOI, Yonghee SHIN, Wonsik KIM, Jaewon CHOI, Toshichika IIZUMI
An unstable supply of commodity crops and associated increases in food prices are recent and growing concerns due to increasing temperatures, changing precipitation patterns and increasing frequencies of some extreme climate events. Agricultural monitoring and forecasting can support national food agencies, international organizations and commercial entities in better responding to anticipated production
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Dependance of isoprene emission flux on leaf mass per area of Phyllostachys pubescens (moso bamboo) J. Agric. Meteorol. (IF 1.3) Pub Date : 2022-01-10 Ting-Wei CHANG, Yoshiko KOSUGI, Tomonori KUME, Ayumi KATAYAMA, Motonori OKUMURA, Ken-Hui CHANG
It is challenging to estimate isoprene emissions from plants and determine the basal isoprene emission rate (i.e., isoprene emission capacity under a specific light and leaf temperature) of plant species. Previous studies have investigated the effect of physiological factors on isoprene emission capacity; however, the effect of leaf morphology on isoprene emission capacity has seldom been mentioned
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Rapid and semi-automated leaf net photosynthetic rate determination for numerous phosphor-converted white-LED lights of different spectral distributions J. Agric. Meteorol. (IF 1.3) Pub Date : 2022-01-10 Yuanhao CHEN, Ryo MATSUDA, Kazuhiro FUJIWARA
Phosphor-converted white LEDs (PCW-LEDs) of numerous types with different relative spectral photon-flux-density distributions (SPDs) are commercially available today. Some are regarded as promising light sources for use in plant factories with artificial lighting. The leaf net photosynthetic rate (Pn) measured under PCW-LED light is an important criterion for evaluating PCW-LEDs in terms of photosynthesis
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Characterization of canopy structure for high-yield performance of greenhouse-grown satsuma mandarins using direct measurements and indirect estimations J. Agric. Meteorol. (IF 1.3) Pub Date : 2022-01-10 Taku YANO, Daisuke YASUTAKE, Yoshinobu KIYOSUE
Under assuming that high-yield canopy structure would be simply explained by a given index, orchard productivity of greenhouse-grown early-flowering satsuma mandarins “Miyagawa wase” was assessed using conventional modified-open-center-training and trellis-training methods. This was done by using universal indices that assist with determining yield in relation to canopy structure. Leaf area index was
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Implications of open circuit voltage of light-emitting diodes installed for plant cultivation J. Agric. Meteorol. (IF 1.3) Pub Date : 2022-01-10 Akira YANO, Ryo MATSUDA, Kazuhiro FUJIWARA
This study investigated a light sensor function of light-emitting diodes (LEDs), the use of which is expanding in plant cultivations. Unimodal spectral LEDs of four types with respective emission peak wavelengths of 464, 501, 634, and 849 nm, and a white LED with a bimodal spectrum with 455-nm primary and 574-nm secondary peaks were used for this study. Open circuit voltage (VOC) of up to 1-2 V was
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Appropriate chamber deployment time for separate quantification of CH4 emissions via plant and ebullition from rice paddies using a modified closed-chamber method J. Agric. Meteorol. (IF 1.3) Pub Date : 2022-01-10 Masako KAJIURA, Takeshi TOKIDA
A modified closed-chamber method for estimating total, plant-mediated, and bubbling (ebullition) emissions of CH4 from rice paddies has been developed to use high-time-resolution CH4 concentration data (~1 Hz) obtained by a spectroscopic mobile gas analyzer. Here we aimed at determining an appropriate minimum time length of chamber closure for accurate flux measurement by investigating 3255 datasets
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Field survey on rice spikelet sterility in an extremely hot summer of 2018 in Japan J. Agric. Meteorol. (IF 1.3) Pub Date : 2021-10-10 Mayumi YOSHIMOTO, Hidemitsu SAKAI, Yasushi ISHIGOOKA, Tsuneo KUWAGATA, Tsutomu ISHIMARU, Hiroshi NAKAGAWA, Atsushi MARUYAMA, Hitoshi OGIWARA, Kenji NAGATA
In rice (Oryza sativa L.), heat-induced spikelet sterility (HISS) has long been recognized a major threat in the production, and currently the potential risk of yield reduction is likely to be increasing under global warming. However, there have been few studies on HISS conducted under field conditions. In recent years in Japan, extremely high temperatures have frequently recorded in the daytime during
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Global trends in land-atmosphere CO2 exchange fluxes: an analysis of a flux measurement dataset and comparison with terrestrial model simulations J. Agric. Meteorol. (IF 1.3) Pub Date : 2021-10-10 Akihiko ITO
The increasing amount of measurement data on land-atmosphere flux has made it possible to assess the interannual and longer processes that are driven by environmental change and disturbance of terrestrial ecosystems. In this study, I used a global dataset of carbon dioxide (CO2) fluxes at eddy-covariance tower sites (FLUXNET2015) to investigate long-term trends of net ecosystem CO2 exchange (NEE),
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Spatiotemporal distribution of the potential risk of frost damage in tea fields from 1981-2020: A modeling approach considering phenology and meteorology J. Agric. Meteorol. (IF 1.3) Pub Date : 2021-10-10 Kensuke KIMURA, Ken KUDO, Atsushi MARUYAMA
Climate change may induce severe frost damage to crops, and thus a reasonable assessment of frost risk, considering both crop phenology and meteorology, is required. Here, we introduced a new index of potential frost risk (Frisk) using thermal time (minimum air temperature below the threshold value) weighted by the percentage of budburst (Pbud). Moreover, we evaluated the spatiotemporal distributions
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Smallholder farmers’ preference for climate change adaptation for lowland rain‑fed rice production in Lao PDR J. Agric. Meteorol. (IF 1.3) Pub Date : 2021-10-10 Jong Ahn CHUN, Daeha KIM, Youngah LIM, Eun‑Jeong LEE, Hyunjung LEE, Chang‑Gil KIM, Thavone INTHAVONG, Phomma THAMMAVONG
In Lao PDR (People’s Democratic Republic), rice is one of the major staple crops planted in more than 80% of the cultivated areas. We attempted to evaluate the adaptation preference of the farmers in Laos through a climate change adaptation survey approach. The eight adaptations including irrigation, nitrogen fertilizer application rates, transplanting date shifting were first assessed by the CERES‑Rice
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Quantifying bubbling emission (ebullition) of methane from a rice paddy using high-time-resolution concentration data obtained during a closed-chamber measurement J. Agric. Meteorol. (IF 1.3) Pub Date : 2021-10-10 Masako KAJIURA, Takeshi TOKIDA
Methane (CH4) produced in rice-paddy soil is transported to the atmosphere either via the rice plants or by bubbling events (ebullition); however, little is known about the frequency and intensity of bubbling CH4 emissions and the factors that affect them. We developed a method to quantify ebullition using high-time-resolution (~1 Hz) CH4 concentration data obtained by closed-chamber measurements.
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Exploring a best vegetation index to explain the seasonal variation of a forest photosynthesis using a hyper-spectral camera equipped with liquid crystal tunable filter J. Agric. Meteorol. (IF 1.3) Pub Date : 2021-10-10 Kei YOSHIKAWA, Kentaro TAKAGI, Tomotsugu YAZAKI, Takashi HIRANO, Shintaro HAYAKASHI, Reiko IDE, Hiroyuki OGUMA, Yasuo HIROSE, Junichi KURIHARA
Liquid crystal tunable filter (LCTF) can change the transmissible wavelength by changing the applied voltage to the filter, which enables the drastic increase in the observable wavelength resolution in a small size system and is considered to be a powerful tool for the spectral earth observation from flying units or microsatellites. However, there is limited knowledge about its season-long application
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Comparison of photosynthetic rates, transpiration rates, and total conductance of greenhouse-grown tomato plants measured with two open chambers with different ventilation rates J. Agric. Meteorol. (IF 1.3) Pub Date : 2021-10-10 Kota SHIMOMOTO, Naomichi FUJIUCHI, Noriko TAKAHASHI, Hiroshige NISHINA, Kazue INABA, Yayu ROMDHONAH, Kotaro TAKAYAMA
A real-time monitoring system was developed and applied to monitor the time course of photosynthesis and transpiration in fully-grown tomato plants in a semi-commercial greenhouse. The system was based on an open chamber method in which the ventilator airflow rate is an important parameter affecting the environmental factors in the chamber and physiological response of plants enclosed inside the chamber
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A 24-h photoperiod before gene transfer promotes biomass production but not the yield of influenza hemagglutinin transiently expressed in Nicotiana benthamiana J. Agric. Meteorol. (IF 1.3) Pub Date : 2021-10-10 Ryo MATSUDA
The effects of continuous lighting (CL) before gene transfer on leaf biomass, leaf hemagglutinin (HA) content per biomass, and leaf HA content per plant in Nicotiana benthamiana after gene transfer were investigated in a transient gene expression system. A control photoperiod of 16 h d-1 and an extended photoperiod of 24 h d-1 were compared at two photosynthetic photon flux density (PPFD) levels of
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Variations in biomass, production and respiration of fine roots in a young larch forest J. Agric. Meteorol. (IF 1.3) Pub Date : 2021-07-10 Rui CUI, Takashi HIRANO, Lifei SUN, Munemasa TERAMOTO, Naishen LIANG
Root respiration (Rr) plays a crucial role in the global carbon balance, because Rr accounts for about a half of soil respiration in typical forest ecosystems. Plant roots are different in metabolism and functions according to size. Fine roots, which are typically defined as roots < 2 mm in diameter, perform important ecosystem functions and consequently govern belowground carbon cycles mainly because
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Factors affecting maize, rice and wheat yields in the Koshi River Basin, Nepal J. Agric. Meteorol. (IF 1.3) Pub Date : 2021-07-10 Nirmal Mani DAHAL, Donghong XIONG, Nilhari NEUPANE, Baojun ZHANG, Bintao LIU, Yong YUAN, Yiping FANG, Saroj KOIRALA, Maan B. ROKAYA
Crop yield is mainly affected by climatic factors such as temperature and precipitation. Besides these factors, improved seeds, irrigation access, and fertilizers also affect yield. In the present study, we collected crop yield data for major crops such as maize, rice, and wheat from the Koshi River Basin, Nepal. We investigated the yield trends over 30 years (1987‑2016) and related the yields with
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Spring onsets of a young forest in interior Alaska determined based on time‑lapse camera and eddy covariance measurements J. Agric. Meteorol. (IF 1.3) Pub Date : 2021-07-10 Shihori KAWASHIMA, Masahito UEYAMA, Mikita OKAMURA, Yoshinobu HARAZONO, Hiroki IWATA, Hideki KOBAYASHI
Spring phenology is essential in modeling the carbon balance of high‑latitude ecosystems and is possibly sensitive to climate change. In the present study, we evaluated the onset of the growing season for three species (paper birch, bog blueberry, and bog Labrador tea) in interior Alaska from 2012 to 2019 using photos taken using time‑lapse cameras. We also evaluated the onset of the growing season
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Examination of appropriate observation time and correction of vegetation index for drone-based crop monitoring J. Agric. Meteorol. (IF 1.3) Pub Date : 2021-07-10 Akira HAMA, Kei TANAKA, Bin CHEN, Akihiko KONDOH
Use of information and communication technologies, as well as robotics, routinely saves labor and refines agricultural tasks; thus, innovative “smart farming” to maintain and enhance the quality of crops can improve the sustainability of agriculture. When managing crop growth using remote‑sensing drones, the normalized difference vegetation index (NDVI)—used to assess growth—typically changes depending
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Photosynthetic and respiratory activities of spinach in an unheated greenhouse during winter in Sapporo, Japan J. Agric. Meteorol. (IF 1.3) Pub Date : 2021-04-10 Keach MURAKAMI, Takahiro HAMASAKI, Manabu NEMOTO, Satoshi INOUE, Tomoyoshi HIROTA
Leafy vegetables cultivated in greenhouses during the winter are sometimes exposed to cold air from outside the greenhouse to enhance sugar and nutrient content. To analyze the possible involvement of photosynthetic and respiratory activities in this process, we evaluated the gas-exchange activity of spinach (Spinacia oleracea L.) plants cultivated in an unheated greenhouse in mid-winter in Sapporo
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Effect of soil temperature on growth and yield of sweet potato (Ipomoea batatas L.) under cool climate J. Agric. Meteorol. (IF 1.3) Pub Date : 2021-04-10 Gibrilla DUMBUYA, Habtamu Assega ALEMAYEHU, Md Mehedi HASAN, Maya MATSUNAMI, Hiroyuki SHIMONO
In cool climates, low temperature is critical for growth and yield of sweet potato (Ipomoea batatas L.). Despite its negative effects, few studies have quantified the impact. We evaluated effects of soil temperature (Ts) on growth and yield in sweet potato from 2-year field trials in northern Japan. Ts was controlled by three steps using plastic mulch at different colors (green, black and white) with
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The effectiveness of reflective mulch in the intercropping system between soybean and oil palm: effects on growth, chlorophyll content, and photosynthetic characteristics J. Agric. Meteorol. (IF 1.3) Pub Date : 2021-04-10 Taufan HIDAYAT, Yonny KOESMARYONO, Impron IMPRON, Munif GHULAMAHDI
This study was conducted to analyze the effectiveness of using reflective mulch under the stands of oil palm plants of several ages on the intensity of solar radiation reflection, growth, chlorophyll content, and photosynthetic characteristics of soybeans. A nested design was used, with the first factor of oil palm age group consisting of open land and land under oil palm stands aged 4, 5, and 8 years
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Revision of estimates of climate change impacts on rice yield and quality in Japan by considering the combined effects of temperature and CO2 concentration J. Agric. Meteorol. (IF 1.3) Pub Date : 2021-04-10 Yasushi ISHIGOOKA, Toshihiro HASEGAWA, Tsuneo KUWAGATA, Motoki NISHIMORI, Hitomi WAKATSUKI
Rice is the most important cereal crop in Japan, and therefore the impact of projected climate change on its production and quality has been assessed using rice growth models accounting for the effects of rising temperature and atmospheric CO2 concentration ([CO2]) on important growth processes. Recent experimental studies, however, have shown some negative effects of interactions between [CO2] and
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Lightning fatalities in China, 2009-2018 J. Agric. Meteorol. (IF 1.3) Pub Date : 2021-04-10 Qiyuan YIN, Hengyi LIU, Xiangpeng FAN, Yijun ZHANG, Yanxun ZHUANG, Fei WANG, Hui DU, Xingxing HUANG, Shaodong CHEN, Lyuwen CHEN
The statistical characteristics of 1789 deaths, 1552 injuries and 1904 disasters caused by lightning based on the 2009 to 2018 National Lightning Disaster Compilation of mainland China were analyzed. The results showed that males accounted for 53% of casualties. Lightning disasters were more common in the east and south than in the west and north. The number of lightning disasters and casualties in
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Increasing measurement throughput of methane emission from rice paddies with a modified closed-chamber method J. Agric. Meteorol. (IF 1.3) Pub Date : 2021-04-10 Takeshi TOKIDA
Manually operated closed-chamber methods have been used extensively to measure CH4 emissions from rice paddies, but the long chamber deployment time (e.g., 30 min), together with the labor required for gas sampling and subsequent analysis by gas chromatography severely limit their usefulness for multiple, high-throughput measurements. The objective of this study was to develop a modified closed-chamber
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Review and future perspective of AsiaFlux J. Agric. Meteorol. (IF 1.3) Pub Date : 2021-01-10 Guirui YU, Takashi HIRANO
AsiaFlux (http://www.asiaflux.net/) was established in 1999 as the Asian arm of FLUXNET, the worldwide flux network, to develop collaborative research and data sets on the cycles of carbon and water in key ecosystems in Asia, to organize workshops and training on current and related global change themes, and to cultivate next generation scientists to be informed leaders with skills and perspectives
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Progress in water and energy flux studies in Asia: A review focused on eddy covariance measurements J. Agric. Meteorol. (IF 1.3) Pub Date : 2021-01-10 Minseok KANG, Sungsik CHO
The eddy covariance (EC) technique-based observation system allows for researchers to determine latent and sensible heat fluxes, which are key components of the surface energy balance. The number of water and energy flux studies in Asia has increased as the number of flux measurement sites and the length of the observation periods have grown. To retrace the footprints of the AsiaFlux network and predict