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A past and present perspective on the European summer vapor pressure deficit Clim. Past (IF 4.3) Pub Date : 2024-03-18 Viorica Nagavciuc, Simon L. L. Michel, Daniel F. Balting, Gerhard Helle, Mandy Freund, Gerhard H. Schleser, David N. Steger, Gerrit Lohmann, Monica Ionita
Abstract. The response of evapotranspiration to anthropogenic warming is of critical importance for the water and carbon cycle. Contradictory conclusions about evapotranspiration changes are caused primarily by their brevity in time and sparsity in space, as well as the strong influence of internal variability. Here, we present the first gridded reconstruction of the summer (June, July, and August)
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Sea-level and monsoonal control on the Maldives carbonate platform (Indian Ocean) over the last 1.3 million years Clim. Past (IF 4.3) Pub Date : 2024-03-18 Montserrat Alonso-Garcia, Jesus Reolid, Francisco J. Jimenez-Espejo, Or M. Bialik, Carlos A. Alvarez Zarikian, Juan Carlos Laya, Igor Carrasquiera, Luigi Jovane, John J. G. Reijmer, Gregor P. Eberli, Christian Betzler
Abstract. The Maldives Archipelago (Indian Ocean), composed of two rows of atolls that enclose an inner sea, offers an excellent study site to explore the forcings of carbonate production at platforms. Glacial–interglacial sea-level changes have been claimed to be the main factor controlling the carbonate platform factories; however, climatic factors may also have an impact. In this work we used geochemical
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Improve iLOVECLIM (version 1.1) with a multi-layer snow model: surface mass balance evolution during the Last Interglacial Clim. Past (IF 4.3) Pub Date : 2024-03-18 Thi-Khanh-Dieu Hoang, Aurélien Quiquet, Christophe Dumas, Andreas Born, Didier M. Roche
Abstract. During the Quaternary, ice sheets experienced several retreat-advanced cycles, strongly influencing climate patterns. In order to properly simulate these phenomena, it is preferable to use physics-based models instead of parameterizations to estimate surface mass balance (SMB) which has a strong influence on the ice sheet evolution. To further investigate the potential of these SMB models
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Planktonic foraminiferal assemblages as tracers of paleoceanographic changes within the Northern Benguela current system since the Early Pleistocene Clim. Past (IF 4.3) Pub Date : 2024-03-18 Arianna Valentina Del Gaudio, Aaron Avery, Gerald Auer, Werner Erwin Piller, Walter Kurz
Abstract. The Benguela Upwelling System (BUS), located in the southeastern Atlantic Ocean, represents one of the world’s most productive regions. This system is delimited to the south by the Agulhas retroflection region. The northern boundary of the BUS is, instead, represented by the Angola Benguela Front (ABF), which is a thermal feature separating warm waters of the Angola Basin (including the South
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Antarctic climate response in Last-Interglacial simulations using the Community Earth System Model (CESM2) Clim. Past (IF 4.3) Pub Date : 2024-03-15 Mira Berdahl, Gunter R. Leguy, William H. Lipscomb, Bette L. Otto-Bliesner, Esther C. Brady, Robert A. Tomas, Nathan M. Urban, Ian Miller, Harriet Morgan, Eric J. Steig
Abstract. We examine results from two transient modelling experiments that simulate the Last Interglacial period (LIG) using the state-of-the-art Community Earth System Model (CESM2), with a focus on climate and ocean changes relevant to the possible collapse of the Antarctic ice sheet. The experiments simulate the early millennia of the LIG warm period using orbital forcing, greenhouse gas concentrations
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Evolution of winter precipitation in the Nile river watershed since the last glacial Clim. Past (IF 4.3) Pub Date : 2024-03-14 Vera Dorothee Meyer, Jürgen Pätzold, Gesine Mollenhauer, Isla S. Castañeda, Stefan Schouten, Enno Schefuß
Abstract. Between 14.5 and 5 ka, the Sahara was vegetated owing to a wet climate during the African humid period. However, the climatic factors sustaining the “green Sahara” are still a matter of debate. Particularly the role of winter precipitation is poorly understood. Using the stable hydrogen isotopic composition (δD, where D stands for deuterium) of high molecular weight (HMW) n-alkanoic acids
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CO2-driven and orbitally driven oxygen isotope variability in the Early Eocene Clim. Past (IF 4.3) Pub Date : 2024-03-13 Julia Campbell, Christopher J. Poulsen, Jiang Zhu, Jessica E. Tierney, Jeremy Keeler
Abstract. Paleoclimate reconstructions of the Early Eocene provide important data constraints on the climate and hydrologic cycle under extreme warm conditions. Available terrestrial water isotope records have been primarily interpreted to signal an enhanced hydrologic cycle in the Early Eocene associated with large-scale warming induced by high atmospheric CO2. However, orbital-scale variations in
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Reconstructing hydroclimate changes over the past 2500 years using speleothems from Pyrenean caves (NE Spain) Clim. Past (IF 4.3) Pub Date : 2024-03-13 Miguel Bartolomé, Ana Moreno, Carlos Sancho, Isabel Cacho, Heather Stoll, Negar Haghipour, Ánchel Belmonte, Christoph Spötl, John Hellstrom, R. Lawrence Edwards, Hai Cheng
Abstract. Reconstructing of past hydroclimates at regional scales during the Common Era (CE) is necessary to place the current warming in the context of natural climate variability. Here we present a composite record of oxygen isotope variations during last 2500 years based on eight stalagmites from four caves in the central Pyrenees (NE Spain) dominated by temperature variations, with the amount of
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High-resolution LGM climate of Europe and the Alpine region using the regional climate model WRF Clim. Past (IF 4.3) Pub Date : 2024-03-12 Emmanuele Russo, Jonathan Buzan, Sebastian Lienert, Guillaume Jouvet, Patricio Velasquez Alvarez, Basil Davis, Patrick Ludwig, Fortunat Joos, Christoph C. Raible
Abstract. In this study we present a series of sensitivity experiments conducted for the Last Glacial Maximum (LGM, ∼21 ka) over Europe using the regional climate Weather Research and Forecasting model (WRF). Using a four-step two-way nesting approach, we are able to reach a convection-permitting horizontal resolution over the inner part of the study area, covering central Europe and the Alpine region
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A global analysis of reconstructed land climate changes during Dansgaard-Oeschger events Clim. Past (IF 4.3) Pub Date : 2024-03-12 Mengmeng Liu, Iain Colin Prentice, Sandy P. Harrison
Abstract. Dansgaard–Oeschger (D–O) warming events are comparable in magnitude and rate to the anticipated 21st century warming. As such, they provide a good target for evaluation of the ability of state-of-the-art climate models to simulate rapid climate changes. Despite the wealth of qualitative information about climate changes during the D-O events, there has been no attempt to date to make quantitative
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Orbitally forced environmental changes during the accumulation of a Pliensbachian (Lower Jurassic) black shale in northern Iberia Clim. Past (IF 4.3) Pub Date : 2024-03-11 Naroa Martínez-Braceras, Aitor Payros, Jaume Dinarès-Turell, Idoia Rosales, Javier Arostegi, Roi Silva-Casal
Abstract. Lower Pliensbachian hemipelagic successions from the north Iberian palaeomargin are characterized by the occurrence of organic-rich calcareous rhythmites of decimetre-thick limestone and marl beds and thicker black shale intervals. Understanding the genetic mechanisms of the cyclic lithologies and involved processes along with the nature of the carbon cycle is of primary interest. The cyclostratigraphic
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North American Pleistocene Glacial Erosion and Thin Pliocene Regolith Thickness Inferred from Data-Constrained Fully Coupled Ice-Climate-Sediment modelling Clim. Past (IF 4.3) Pub Date : 2024-03-11 Matthew Drew, Lev Tarasov
Abstract. Beyond the impact of glacial isostatic adjustment, landscape evolution is typically neglected at large scale when considering the basal boundary condition for ice sheet and climate modelling over past glacial cycles. Erosion and changing sediment loads impact bed elevation, land/sea mask, and basal drag. To date, how the above affects past ice sheet evolution is unclear. Constraining the
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Distinct seasonal changes and precession forcing of surface and subsurface temperatures in the mid-latitudinal North Atlantic during the onset of the Late Pliocene Clim. Past (IF 4.3) Pub Date : 2024-03-07 Xiaolei Pang, Antje Helga Luise Voelker, Sihua Lu, Xuan Ding
Abstract. The Late Pliocene marks the intensification of Northern Hemisphere Glaciation, offering a unique opportunity to study climate evolution and ice-sheet related feedback mechanisms. In this study, we present high-resolution Mg/Ca-based sea surface (SST) and subsurface temperatures (SubT) derived from foraminiferal species Globigerinoides ruber and Globorotalia hirsuta, respectively, at the Integrated
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Fifty-year seasonal variability of East African droughts and floods recorded in Central Afar lake sediments (Ethiopia) and their connections with ENSO Clim. Past (IF 4.3) Pub Date : 2024-03-05 Carlo Mologni, Marie Revel, Eric Chaumillon, Emmanuel Malet, Thibault Coulombier, Pierre Sabatier, Pierre Brigode, Hervé Gwenael, Anne-Lise Develle, Laure Schenini, Medhi Messous, Gourguen Davtian, Alain Carré, Delphine Bosch, Natacha Volto, Clément Ménard, Lamya Khalidi, Fabien Arnaud
Abstract. Understanding past and present hydro-system feedbacks to global ocean-atmospheric interactions represents one of the main challenges to preventing droughts, extreme events and related human catastrophes in the face of global warming, especially in arid and semiarid environments. In eastern Africa, the El Niño-Southern Oscillation (ENSO) was identified as one of the primary drivers of precipitation
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A continental reconstruction of hydroclimatic variability in South America during the past 2000 years Clim. Past (IF 4.3) Pub Date : 2024-03-05 Mathurin A. Choblet, Janica C. Bühler, Valdir F. Novello, Nathan J. Steiger, Kira Rehfeld
Abstract. Paleoclimatological field reconstructions are valuable for understanding hydroclimatic variability. While being similarly impactful on societies as temperature variability, hydroclimatic variability has still remained less in focus. However, reconstructing globally complete fields of climate variables lacks adequate proxy data from tropical regions like South America, limiting our understanding
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Simulation of a former ice field with PISM – Snežnik study case Clim. Past (IF 4.3) Pub Date : 2024-02-27 Matjaž Depolli, Manja Žebre, Uroš Stepišnik, Gregor Kosec
Abstract. In this paper we present a reconstruction of climate conditions during the Last Glacial Maximum on a karst plateau in Dinaric Mountains (southern Slovenia) that bares evidence of glaciation. The reconstruction merges geomorphological ice limits, classified as either clear or unclear, and computer modelling approach based on Parallel Ice Sheet Model, which is an established numerical model
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A global compilation of diatom silica oxygen isotope records from lake sediment – trends and implications for climate reconstruction Clim. Past (IF 4.3) Pub Date : 2024-02-26 Philip Meister, Anne Alexandre, Hannah Bailey, Philip Barker, Boris K. Biskaborn, Ellie Broadman, Rosine Cartier, Bernhard Chapligin, Martine Couapel, Jonathan R. Dean, Bernhard Diekmann, Poppy Harding, Andrew C. G. Henderson, Armand Hernandez, Ulrike Herzschuh, Svetlana S. Kostrova, Jack Lacey, Melanie J. Leng, Andreas Lücke, Anson W. Mackay, Eniko Katalin Magyari, Biljana Narancic, Cécile Porchier
Abstract. Oxygen isotopes in biogenic silica (δ18OBSi) from lake sediments allow for quantitative reconstruction of past hydroclimate and proxy-model comparison in terrestrial environments. The signals of individual records have been attributed to different factors, such as air temperature (Tair), atmospheric circulation patterns, hydrological changes, and lake evaporation. While every lake has its
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Astronomically paced climate and carbon cycle feedbacks in the lead-up to the Late Devonian Kellwasser Crisis Clim. Past (IF 4.3) Pub Date : 2024-02-28 Nina M. A. Wichern, Or M. Bialik, Theresa Nohl, Lawrence M. E. Percival, R. Thomas Becker, Pim Kaskes, Philippe Claeys, David De Vleeschouwer
Abstract. Repeated carbon isotope excursions and widespread organic-rich shale deposition mark the Middle and Upper Devonian series. Various explanations such as extensive volcanism and land plant evolution have been given for these perturbations and the general sensitivity of the Devonian oceans to the development of anoxia, but their repeated nature suggests that astronomical forcing may have controlled
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The Spatial-Temporal Evolution of the Chongzhen Drought (1627–1644) in China and its Impact on Famine Clim. Past (IF 4.3) Pub Date : 2024-02-27 Siying Chen, Yun Su, Xudong Chen, Liang Emlyn Yang
Abstract. Investigations of past extreme climate events offer insights into the interactions between natural forces, ecosystems, and human societies. The Chongzhen Drought, which occurred from 1627 to 1644 CE, stands as possibly the most severe drought in central and eastern China over the last 1500 years, remarkable for its duration, extent, and the vast number of people affected. Concurrently, a
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The comparative role of physical system processes in Hudson Strait ice stream cycling: a comprehensive model-based test of Heinrich event hypotheses Clim. Past (IF 4.3) Pub Date : 2024-02-27 Kevin Hank, Lev Tarasov
Abstract. Despite their recognized significance on global climate and extensive research efforts, the mechanism(s) driving Heinrich Events remain(s) a subject of debate. Here, we use the 3D thermo-mechanically coupled Glacial Systems Model (GSM) to examine Hudson Strait ice stream surge cycling as well as the role of 3 factors previously hypothesized to play a critical role in Heinrich events: ice
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Last Glacial Maximum climate and atmospheric circulation over the Australian region from climate models Clim. Past (IF 4.3) Pub Date : 2024-02-26 Yanxuan Du, Josephine R. Brown, J. M. Kale Sniderman
Abstract. The Last Glacial Maximum (LGM; ∼21 kyr ago) was the most recent time that the Earth experienced global maximum ice volume and minimum eustatic sea level. The climate changes over the Australian region at the LGM remain uncertain, including the extent of cooling in the arid interior, changes in the regional atmospheric circulations such as the tropical monsoon and mid-latitude westerlies,
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Two severe famines (1809–1810, 1814–1814) in Korea during the last stage of the little ice age (1809–1819) Clim. Past (IF 4.3) Pub Date : 2024-02-26 Sung Woo Kim
Abstract. From the eruption of an unknown volcano in 1809 until that of Tambora in April 1815, large and small volcanoes erupted in succession, causing various climatic changes around the Earth. During this period, the monsoon climate zone of East Asia, including Korea, had a very dry summer, and the rice yield was very poor, which resulted in two severe famines that lasted until early summer in the
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South Asian summer monsoon enhanced by the uplift of Iranian Plateau in Middle Miocene Clim. Past (IF 4.3) Pub Date : 2024-02-26 Meng Zuo, Yong Sun, Yan Zhao, Gilles Ramstein, Lin Ding, Tianjun Zhou
Abstract. The South Asian summer monsoon (SASM) significantly intensified during the Middle Miocene (17–12 Ma), but the driver to this change remains an open question. The uplift of the Himalaya (HM) and Iranian Plateau (IP), and global CO2 variation are prominent factors among suggested drivers. Particularly the impact of high CO2 on the Miocene SASM is little studied despite a large range of reconstructed
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Making sense of variation in sclerochronological stable isotope profiles of mollusks and fish otoliths from the early Eocene southern North Sea Basin Clim. Past (IF 4.3) Pub Date : 2024-02-22 Johan Vellekoop, Daan Vanhove, Inge Jelu, Philippe Claeys, Linda C. Ivany, Niels J. de Winter, Robert P. Speijer, Etienne Steurbaut
Abstract. Stable isotope sclerochemistry of mollusks and otoliths is frequently used for the reconstruction of paleotemperature and seasonality. Constraints on the paleoecology and –environment of these organisms, and how these factors influence intra-and inter-taxon isotope variability and variation, are thus highly valuable. We measured seasonal changes in δ18O and δ13C compositions in multiple specimens
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Bayesian multi-proxy reconstruction of early Eocene latitudinal temperature gradients Clim. Past (IF 4.3) Pub Date : 2024-02-21 Kilian Eichenseer, Lewis A. Jones
Abstract. Accurately reconstructing large-scale palaeoclimatic patterns from sparse local records is critical for understanding the evolution of Earth's climate. Particular challenges arise from the patchiness, uneven spatial distribution, and disparate nature of palaeoclimatic proxy records. Geochemical data typically provide temperature estimates via transfer functions derived from experiments. Similarly
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The geometry of sea-level change across a mid-Pliocene glacial cycle Clim. Past (IF 4.3) Pub Date : 2024-02-21 Meghan E. King, Jessica R. Creveling, Jerry X. Mitrovica
Abstract. Predictions for future sea-level change and ice sheet stability rely on accurate reconstructions of sea level during past warm intervals, such as the mid-Pliocene Warm Period (MPWP; 3.264 – 3.025 Ma). The magnitude of MPWP glacial cycles, and the relative contribution of meltwater sources, remains uncertain. We explore this issue by modeling glacial isostatic adjustment processes for a wide
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Modeling Mediterranean ocean biogeochemistry of the Last Glacial Maximum Clim. Past (IF 4.3) Pub Date : 2024-02-21 Katharina D. Six, Uwe Mikolajewicz, Gerhard Schmiedl
Abstract. We present results of simulations with a physical-biogeochemical ocean model of the Mediterranean Sea for the last glacial maximum (LGM) and analyse the difference in physical and biochemical states between the present day and the past. Long-term simulations with an Earth system model based on ice sheet reconstructions provide the necessary atmospheric forcing data, oceanic boundary conditions
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New estimates of sulfate diffusion rates in the EPICA Dome C ice core Clim. Past (IF 4.3) Pub Date : 2024-02-20 Rachael H. Rhodes, Yvan Bollet-Quivogne, Piers R. F. Barnes, Mirko Severi, Eric W. Wolff
Abstract. To extract climatically relevant chemical signals from the deepest, oldest Antarctic ice, we must first understand the degree to which chemical ions diffuse within solid ice. Volcanic sulfate peaks are the ideal target for such an investigation because they are high amplitude, short duration (~3 years) events with a quasi-uniform structure. Here we present analysis of the EPICA Dome C sulfate
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Holocene land cover change in North America: continental trends, regional drivers, and implications for vegetation-atmosphere feedbacks Clim. Past (IF 4.3) Pub Date : 2024-02-20 Andria Dawson, John W. Williams, Marie-José Gaillard, Simon J. Goring, Behnaz Pirzamanbein, Johan Lindstrom, R. Scott Anderson, Andrea Brunelle, David Foster, Konrad Gajewski, Dan G. Gavin, Terri Lacourse, Thomas A. Minckley, Wyatt Oswald, Bryan Shuman, Cathy Whitlock
Abstract. Land cover governs the biogeophysical and biogeochemical feedbacks between the land surface and atmosphere. Holocene vegetation-atmosphere interactions are of particular interest, both to understand the climate effects of intensifying human land use and as a possible explanation for the Holocene Conundrum, a widely studied mismatch between simulated and reconstructed temperatures. Progress
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BrGDGT-based seasonal paleotemperature reconstruction for the last 15 000 years from a shallow lake on the eastern Tibetan Plateau Clim. Past (IF 4.3) Pub Date : 2024-02-13 Xiaohuan Hou, Nannan Wang, Zhe Sun, Kan Yuan, Xianyong Cao, Juzhi Hou
Abstract. Understanding Holocene temperature changes is vital for resolving discrepancies between proxy reconstructions and climate models. The intricate temperature variations across the Tibetan Plateau (TP) add complexity to studying continental climate change during this period. Discrepancies between model-based and proxy-based reconstructions might stem from seasonal biases and environmental uncertainties
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Total Air Content measurements from the RECAP ice core Clim. Past (IF 4.3) Pub Date : 2024-02-12 Sindhu Vudayagiri, Bo Vinther, Johannes Freitag, Peter L. Langen, Thomas Blunier
Abstract. Total air content (TAC) of the REnland ice CAP project (RECAP) core, drilled in summer 2015, is measured as a part of investigating the elevation history of the Greenland Ice Sheet (GIS). TAC is a proxy for the elevation at which the ice was originally formed as the TAC in ice cores is predominantly influenced by surface air pressure and conditions like temperature and local summer insolation
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An 1200-year multi-proxy dendrochronological temperature reconstruction for the area of Austrian Alps Clim. Past (IF 4.3) Pub Date : 2024-02-12 Marzena Kłusek, Michael Grabner, Sławomira Pawełczyk, Jacek Pawlyta
Abstract. Temperature reconstruction was carried out on the basis of a centuries-long dendrochronological scales from Austrian Alps. Chronologies of growth-ring width, maximum density of latewood and stable isotope content of carbon and oxygen were applied for the research. Subfossil wood and living trees originating from the area of Schwarzensee Lake were used for the construction of the chronologies
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Contrasting the Penultimate and Last Glacial Maxima (140 and 21 ka BP) using coupled climate-ice sheet modelling Clim. Past (IF 4.3) Pub Date : 2024-02-12 Violet L. Patterson, Lauren J. Gregoire, Ruza Ivanovic, Niall Gandy, Jonathan Owen, Robin S. Smith, Oliver G. Pollard, Lachlan C. Astfalck
Abstract. The configuration of the Northern Hemisphere ice sheets during the Penultimate Glacial Maximum differed to the Last Glacial Maximum. However, the reasons for this are not yet fully understood. These differences likely contributed to the varied deglaciation pathways experienced following the glacial maxima and may have had consequences for the interglacial sea level rise. Therefore, a better
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State-dependent impact of major volcanic eruptions observed in ice-core records of the last glacial period Clim. Past (IF 4.3) Pub Date : 2024-02-09 Johannes Lohmann, Jiamei Lin, Bo M. Vinther, Sune O. Rasmussen, Anders Svensson
Abstract. Recently, a record of large, mostly unknown volcanic eruptions occurring during the younger half of the last glacial period (12–60 ka) has been compiled from ice-core records. In both Greenland and Antarctica these eruptions led to significant deposition of sulfate aerosols, which were likely transported in the stratosphere, thereby inducing a climate response. Here we report the first attempt
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Effective diffusivity of sulfuric acid in Antarctic ice cores Clim. Past (IF 4.3) Pub Date : 2024-02-08 Tyler J. Fudge, Raphael Sauvage, Linh Vu, Benjamin H. Hills, Mirko Severi, Edwin D. Waddington
Abstract. Deposition of sulfuric acid in ice cores is important both for understanding past volcanic activity and for synchronizing ice core timescales. Sulfuric acid has a low eutectic point, so it can potentially exist in liquid at grain boundaries and veins, accelerating chemical diffusion. A high effective diffusivity would allow post-depositional diffusion to obscure the climate history and the
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Uncertainties originating from GCM downscaling and bias correction with application to the MIS-11c Greenland Ice Sheet Clim. Past (IF 4.3) Pub Date : 2024-02-06 Brian R. Crow, Lev Tarasov, Michael Schulz, Matthias Prange
Abstract. The Marine Isotope Stage 11c (MIS-11c) interglacial is an enigmatic period characterized by a long duration of relatively weak insolation forcing, but it is thought to have been coincident with a large global sea-level rise of 6–13 m. The configuration of the Greenland Ice Sheet during the MIS-11c interglacial highstand is therefore of great interest. Given the constraints of limited data
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The effects of orbital forcing on the East Asian Summer Monsoon for the past 450 kyr Clim. Past (IF 4.3) Pub Date : 2024-02-07 Taiga Matsushita, Mariko Harada, Hiroaki Ueda, Takeshi Nakagawa, Yoshimi Kubota, Yoshiaki Suzuki, Youichi Kamae
Abstract. Understanding orbital-scale changes in East Asian summer monsoon (EASM) precipitation is a fundamental issue in paleoclimate research for assessing the response of the East Asian monsoon to different climate forcings, such as insolation, ice volume, and greenhouse gases. However, owing to the inconsistencies between different proxies, the fundamental driving force for EASM variability remains
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Changes in the Red Sea overturning circulation during Marine Isotope Stage 3 Clim. Past (IF 4.3) Pub Date : 2024-02-02 Raphaël Hubert-Huard, Nils Andersen, Helge W. Arz, Werner Ehrmann, Gerhard Schmiedl
Abstract. The oceanography of the Red Sea is controlled by the restricted exchange of water masses with the Indian Ocean and by high evaporation rates due to the arid climate of the surrounding land areas. In the northern Red Sea, the formation of oxygen-rich subsurface water ventilates the deeper parts of the basin, but little is known about the variability in this process in the past. The stable
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Mid-Holocene climate at mid-latitudes: assessing the impact of the Saharan greening Clim. Past (IF 4.3) Pub Date : 2024-02-02 Marco Gaetani, Gabriele Messori, Francesco S. R. Pausata, Shivangi Tiwari, M. Carmen Alvarez Castro, Qiong Zhang
Abstract. During the first half of the Holocene (11,000 to 5,000 years ago) the Northern Hemisphere experienced a strengthening of the monsoonal regime, with climate reconstructions robustly suggesting a greening of the Sahara region. Paleoclimate archives also show that this so-called African Humid Period (AHP) was accompanied by changes in the climate conditions at mid to high latitudes. However
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The Laurentide Ice Sheet in southern New England and New York during and at the end of the Last Glacial Maximum – A cosmogenic-nuclide chronology Clim. Past (IF 4.3) Pub Date : 2024-02-01 Allie Balter-Kennedy, Joerg M. Schaefer, Greg Balco, Meredith A. Kelly, Michael R. Kaplan, Roseanne Schwartz, Bryan Oakley, Nicolás E. Young, Jean Hanley, Arianna M. Varuolo-Clarke
Abstract. We present 40 new 10Be exposure ages of moraines and other glacial deposits left behind by the southeastern sector of the Laurentide Ice Sheet (LIS) in southern New England and New York, summarize the regional moraine record, and interpret the dataset in the context of previously published deglaciation chronologies. The regional moraine record spans the Last Glacial Maximum (LGM), with the
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Ice-proximal sea-ice reconstruction in Powell Basin, Antarctica since the Last Interglacial Clim. Past (IF 4.3) Pub Date : 2024-02-01 Wee Wei Khoo, Juliane Müller, Oliver Esper, Wenshen Xiao, Christian Stepanek, Paul Gierz, Gerrit Lohmann, Walter Geibert, Jens Hefter, Gesine Mollenhauer
Abstract. In Antarctica, the presence of sea ice in front of ice shelves promotes their stability and prevents the risk of catastrophic collapse as witnessed in recent events along the Antarctic Peninsula. Investigating past ice-proximal sea-ice conditions, especially across glacial-interglacial cycles, can provide crucial information pertaining to sea-ice variability and deepen our understanding of
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Miocene Antarctic Ice Sheet area adapts significantly faster than volume to CO2-induced climate change Clim. Past (IF 4.3) Pub Date : 2024-01-30 Lennert B. Stap, Constantijn J. Berends, Roderik S. W. van de Wal
Abstract. The strongly varying benthic δ18O levels of the early and mid-Miocene (23 to 14 Myr ago) are primarily caused by a combination of changes in Antarctic Ice Sheet (AIS) volume and deep-ocean temperatures. These factors are coupled since AIS changes affect deep-ocean temperatures. It has recently been argued that this is due to changes in ice sheet area rather than volume because area changes
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Accumulation rates over the past 260 years archived in Elbrus ice core, Caucasus Clim. Past (IF 4.3) Pub Date : 2024-01-30 Vladimir Mikhalenko, Stanislav Kutuzov, Pavel Toropov, Michel Legrand, Sergey Sokratov, Gleb Chernyakov, Ivan Lavrentiev, Susanne Preunkert, Anna Kozachek, Mstislav Vorobiev, Aleksandra Khairedinova, Vladimir Lipenkov
Abstract. In this study, we present a seasonally resolved accumulation record spanning from 1750 to 2009 Common Era (CE), based on a 181.8 m ice core obtained from the Elbrus Western Plateau in the Caucasus. We implemented various methods to account for uncertainties associated with glacier flow, layer thinning, and dating. Additionally, we applied a novel approach to calculate a seasonal calendar
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Possible impact of the 43 BCE Okmok volcanic eruption in Alaska on the climate of China as revealed in historical documents Clim. Past (IF 4.3) Pub Date : 2024-01-30 Pao K. Wang, Elaine Kuan-Hui Lin, Yu-Shiuan Lin, Chung-Rui Lee, Ho-Jiunn Lin, Ching-Wen Chen, Pi-Ling Pai
Abstract. A massive eruption of Okmok volcano in Alaska has been recently discovered and precisely dated to have occurred in 43 BCE. Some Chinese climate records of 43–33 BCE in historical documents have been found that provide descriptions of observed environmental abnormities that appear to be consistent with the anticipated changes due to volcanic climate forcing. We provide full translation with
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The Southern Ocean marine ice record of the early historical, circum-Antarctic voyages of Cook and Bellingshausen Clim. Past (IF 4.3) Pub Date : 2024-01-30 Grant Robert Bigg
Abstract. The circum-navigations of Cook’s Second Voyage (1772–1775) and Bellingshausen (1819–1821) were attempts to find any great southern land mass poleward of ~50° S and consequently involved sailing for three or two summers respectively in polar latitudes around Antarctica. Extensive sea ice eventually blocked each voyages’ southern probes, although Bellingshausen, unknowingly at the time, saw
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Multi-centuries mean summer temperature variations in the Southern Rhaetian Alps reconstructed from Larix decidua blue-intensity data Clim. Past (IF 4.3) Pub Date : 2024-01-29 Riccardo Cerrato, Maria Cristina Salvatore, Michele Brunetti, Andrea Somma, Carlo Baroni
Abstract. Ongoing climate change is likely to cause a worldwide temperature increase of 1.5 °C by the mid-century. To contextualize these changes in a long-term context, historical climatological data extending beyond data obtained from instrumental records are needed. This is even more relevant in remote areas characterized by complex climatic influences and where climate sensitivity is pronounced
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Process, spatial pattern and impacts of 1743 Extreme heat: From the perspective of historical documents Clim. Past (IF 4.3) Pub Date : 2024-01-25 Le Tao, Yun Su, Xudong Chen, Fangyu Tian
Abstract. The study of historical extreme heat is helpful to understand modern heat waves. By collecting 63 historical documents from 3 kinds of historical materials and using methods of text analysis methods based on keywords, grading and classification, this research recovered and analyzed the process over time, the spatial pattern of the heat severity and the extreme heat impact of the North China
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Surface mass balance and climate of the Last Glacial Maximum Northern Hemisphere ice sheets: simulations with CESM2.1 Clim. Past (IF 4.3) Pub Date : 2024-01-24 Sarah L. Bradley, Raymond Sellevold, Michele Petrini, Miren Vizcaino, Sotiria Georgiou, Jiang Zhu, Bette L. Otto-Bliesner, Marcus Lofverstrom
Abstract. The Last Glacial Maximum (LGM, from ∼26 to 20 ka BP) was the most recent period with large ice sheets in Eurasia and North America. At that time, global temperatures were 5–7 ∘C lower than today, and sea level ∼125 m lower. LGM simulations are useful to understand earth system dynamics, including climate–ice sheet interactions, and to evaluate and improve the models representing those dynamics
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Relative importance of the mechanisms triggering the Eurasian ice sheet deglaciation in the GRISLI2.0 ice sheet model Clim. Past (IF 4.3) Pub Date : 2024-01-18 Victor van Aalderen, Sylvie Charbit, Christophe Dumas, Aurélien Quiquet
Abstract. The last deglaciation (21 to 8 ka) of the Eurasian ice sheet (EIS) is thought to have been responsible for a sea level rise of about 20 m. While many studies have examined the timing and rate of the EIS retreat during this period, many questions remain about the key processes that triggered the EIS deglaciation 21 kyr ago. Due to its large marine-based parts in the Barents–Kara (BKIS) and
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Dynamic interaction of lakes, climate and vegetation over northern Africa during the mid-Holocene Clim. Past (IF 4.3) Pub Date : 2024-01-19 Nora Farina Specht, Martin Claussen, Thomas Kleinen
Abstract. During the early to mid-Holocene, about 11,500 to 5,500 years ago, lakes expanded across the Sahel and Sahara in response to enhanced summer monsoon precipitation. To investigate the effect of these lakes on the West African summer monsoon, previous simulation studies prescribed mid-Holocene lakes from reconstructions. By prescribing mid-Holocene lakes, however, the terrestrial water balance
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Toward generalized Milankovitch theory (GMT) Clim. Past (IF 4.3) Pub Date : 2024-01-18 Andrey Ganopolski
Abstract. In recent decades, numerous paleoclimate records and results of model simulations have provided strong support for the astronomical theory of Quaternary glacial cycles formulated in its modern form by Milutin Milankovitch. At the same time, new findings have revealed that the classical Milankovitch theory is unable to explain a number of important facts, such as the change in the dominant
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Climate and disease in historical urban space: evidence from 19th century Poznań, Poland Clim. Past (IF 4.3) Pub Date : 2024-01-17 Grażyna Liczbińska, Jörg Peter Vögele, Marek Brabec
Abstract. This study examines the relationship between temperature levels and precipitation amounts as explanatory variables for the probability of death due to waterborne and airborne diseases in historical urban space. To date, the literature has not focused on the climatological epidemiology of 19th century Polish urban areas. We used individual mortality data from Poznań parish death registers
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Deglacial export of pre-aged terrigenous carbon to the Bay of Biscay Clim. Past (IF 4.3) Pub Date : 2024-01-16 Eduardo Queiroz Alves, Wanyee Wong, Jens Hefter, Hendrik Grotheer, Tommaso Tesi, Torben Gentz, Karin Zonneveld, Gesine Mollenhauer
Abstract. The last deglaciation is the most recent relatively well-documented period of pronounced and fast climate warming, and, as such, it holds important information for our understanding of the climate system. Notably, while research into terrestrial organic carbon reservoirs has been instrumental in exploring the possible sources of atmospheric carbon dioxide during periods of rapid change, the
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The Interdecadal Pacific Oscillation is responsible for the linkage of decadal changes in precipitation and moisture in arid central Asia and the humid Asian monsoon region during the last millennium Clim. Past (IF 4.3) Pub Date : 2024-01-15 Hongna Xu, Tao Wang, Huijun Wang
Abstract. Reconstruction and observational studies imply a potential linkage of moisture and precipitation change in arid central Asia and monsoonal East Asia, in which the evolution of moisture and precipitation in central Asia is out of phase with that in northern China but in phase with that in southern China. In order to ascertain whether there is a robust linkage between the changes in climate
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Dynamical downscaling and data assimilation for a cold-air outbreak in the European Alps during the Year Without Summer 1816 Clim. Past (IF 4.3) Pub Date : 2024-01-15 Peter Stucki, Lucas Pfister, Yuri Brugnara, Renate Varga, Chantal Hari, Stefan Brönnimann
Abstract. The “Year Without Summer” of 1816 was characterized by extraordinarily cold and wet periods in Central Europe, and it was associated with severe crop failures, famine, and socio-economic disruptions. From a modern perspective and beyond its tragic consequences, the summer of 1816 represents a rare occasion to analyze the adverse weather (and its impacts) after a major volcanic eruption. However
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Equilibrium line altitudes of alpine glaciers in Alaska suggest Last Glacial Maximum summer temperature was 2–5 °C lower than during the pre-industrial Clim. Past (IF 4.3) Pub Date : 2024-01-11 Caleb K. Walcott, Jason P. Briner, Joseph P. Tulenko, Stuart M. Evans
Abstract. The lack of continental ice sheets in Alaska during the Last Glacial Maximum (LGM; 26–19 ka) has long been attributed to extensive aridity in the western Arctic. More recently, climate model outputs, a few isolated paleoclimate studies, and global paleoclimate synthesis products show mild summer temperature depressions in Alaska compared to much of the high northern latitudes. This suggests
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Effects of weather and climate on fluctuations of grain prices in southwestern Bohemia, 1725–1824 CE Clim. Past (IF 4.3) Pub Date : 2024-01-11 Rudolf Brázdil, Jan Lhoták, Kateřina Chromá, Petr Dobrovolný
Abstract. Grain prices in early modern Europe reflected the effects of weather on crop yields and a complex array of societal and socio-economic factors. This study presents a newly-developed series of grain prices for Sušice (southwestern Bohemia, Czech Republic) for the period 1725–1824 CE, based on various archival sources. It aims to analyze their relationships with weather and climate, represented
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Resilient Antarctic monsoonal climate prevented ice growth during the Eocene Clim. Past (IF 4.3) Pub Date : 2024-01-10 Michiel Baatsen, Peter Bijl, Anna von der Heydt, Appy Sluijs, Henk Dijkstra
Abstract. Understanding the extreme greenhouse of the Eocene (56–34 Ma) is key to anticipating potential future conditions. While providing an end member towards a distant high-emission scenario, the Eocene climate also challenges the different tools at hand to reconstruct such conditions. Besides remaining uncertainty regarding the conditions under which the large-scale glaciation of Antarctica took
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Interaction between East Asian summer monsoon and west winds as shown by tree-ring records Clim. Past (IF 4.3) Pub Date : 2024-01-09 Shengchun Xiao, Xiaomei Peng, Quanyan Tian, Aijun Ding, Jiali Xie, Su Jingrong
Abstract. Against the background of changes in global atmospheric circulation, local changes in the East Asian summer monsoon (EASM) and the mid-latitude westerly winds will inevitably affect the climate and ecology of the arid zone of Northwest China. Hence, it is important to study these changes. We chose to observe these changes in the Alxa Plateau using dendrochronological methods. We assembled
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A comparison of South Pacific Antarctic sea ice and atmospheric circulation reconstructions since 1900 Clim. Past (IF 4.3) Pub Date : 2024-01-05 Ryan L. Fogt, Quentin Dalaiden, Gemma K. O'Connor
Abstract. The recent changes and record lows in Antarctic sea ice extent illustrate the need for longer estimates beyond the short satellite observation period commencing around 1979. However, Antarctic sea ice extent reconstructions since 1900 based on paleo-records and those generated based on instrumental observations from the Southern Hemisphere midlatitudes are markedly different, especially prior