One of the important directions of the current research trend in distribution network planning in the prevailing smart grid scenario, is to explore various possibilities to enhance the performance of these networks without expanding the existing infrastructure. This paper proposes an enhanced sine–cosine algorithm (ESCA) to obtain an optimally planned system by simultaneous incorporation of network

In the present article, a methodology is suggested to enhance the cooling performance of a double inlet pulse tube refrigerator (DIPTR), which is affected by multiple operating and geometrical parameters, using artificial intelligence methods. A procedure based on artificial intelligence method is adopted to generate the optimum range of inputs to achieve the maximum obtainable performance of the DIPTR

Cloud computing has become an important research area in large-scale computing systems and is being employed by many organizations in government, businesses, and industry. Schemes and appropriate models for dynamic resources provisioning in the cloud environment have been extensively studied. To date, the research literature is lacking schemes and models that offer dynamic scalability in which Quality

Due to the presence of composite action between steel and concrete, applications of concrete-filled tubular structures have increased rapidly in bridges, high-rise buildings and other infrastructures. In this study, a total of 15 square concrete-filled welded cold-formed steel columns were tested under concentric loading. Failure modes, ultimate strength and ductility of test specimens were analyzed

Construction of critical systems (e.g. disaster/emergency management systems) demands extra efforts from the developers as compared to non-critical systems. A critical system may be comprised of hardware communication infrastructure and the management system software. Many of hardware failures or in-capabilities can be handled by the resilient software components. The management software’s main tasks

Graphene is a potential reinforcing material for polymeric materials due to high aspect ratio, surface area and electrical and mechanical properties. In this work, thermally reduced graphene oxide (TRGO)/acrylonitrile butadiene styrene (ABS) composites were developed using combined solution mixing and melt mixing techniques. The effect of wt% of pristine graphite and TRGO on the mechanical and thermal

Multistage characteristic has become one of the essential issues of batch process and several stage division approaches have been introduced to monitor the process. As the non-Gaussian and nonlinear problems of batch process, a hybrid intelligent method is developed to monitor the multistage conditions in this paper. The proposed algorithm includes converged stage division (CSD), multi-boundary hypersphere

The structure of needle is mostly similar as paraboloid of upset parallel to flow possesses and has huge applications in building and modern procedures including microstructure electronic gadgets and microscale cooling gadgets for thermal evacuation application. Based on these applications, an axisymmetric Darcy–Forchheimer flow and energy transport of hybrid nanoliquid over a slender moving needle

In order to obtain the mechanism of crack propagation of oriented perforation hydraulic fracture and its effect on mechanical properties of rock samples, an experimental study on hydraulic fracture of rock samples without confining pressure was carried out. The confining pressure ratio coefficient was defined, and oriented perforation hydraulic fracture was numerically simulated based on the extended

In this paper, the lateral torsional buckling failure of Indian beam section has been numerically investigated. Experiments were carried out on perforated cellular beams subject to four-point loading. Experimental results were used to validate the numerical model developed in ANSYS. A good agreement is observed in the results obtained from numerical and experimental investigations. A parametric study

The present study valorizes waste vegetable oil (WVO) as a renewable alternative blend fraction of diesel to fuel a compression ignition engine. Response surface (RS) approach is employed to predict engine performance—fuel consumption (FC) and thermal efficiency (TE)—using three factors–three levels of experimental design array. The factors selected for the study are thermal treatment time of WVO (h)

To address the increasingly serious problem of “haze” pollution, this analysis uses the motor vehicle as an example and introduces the strategies of penalties, air pollution charging fees, and subsidies in a successive manner to tackle this issue. In addition, a collaborative strategy model for motor vehicle pollutant emission reduction combined with the system dynamics of the VEMSIM software is constructed

Various studies have been made which determine the effect of automatic progress monitoring over traditional method of construction progress monitoring. However, for many construction companies in the developing country like Pakistan it is difficult to implement the technique which is not cost-effective or requires more resources and human resource capabilities. The traditional method of manually developing

In an emergency situation, the required information is collected effectively by mobile devices. But, the low battery size of a mobile device with minimal computational sources is the bottlenecks. Hence the more power utilizing activities can be transferred to the cloud to minimize the load of the mobile devices. In fact, sometimes the lack of Internet access is an extremely difficult task to send mobile

The off-ramps of urban expressways can assume various forms. Compared with other countries, many off-ramps in China have special Chinese characteristics; for example, the off-ramps are extremely short and connected to urban roads and intersections within a short distance. Thus, many foreign control methods may not be suitable for use in China. This paper provides a dual-phase signal timing optimization

The service life of road pavement reduces as it ages and loses its properties due to the exposure to varying traffic loads and climatic conditions. This study explores the potential rejuvenation of the aged asphalt properties to enable it to be reused in pavement by adding hybrid rejuvenator (WEO-MLT). The WEO-MLT is composed of waste engine oil and maltene (MLT). Four types of binders, namely virgin

Oil–water emulsions are commonly encountered at various stages of petroleum production. For example, the alkaline–surfactant–polymer flooding is extensively used to promote emulsion formation and thus enhance oil recovery. However, the chemicals (e.g., polymers and surfactants) involved in this process can also stabilize the produced emulsions to adversely affect the subsequent processes of oil field

A study was carried out on soil samples collected from coastal area of Red Sea and from El-Souda Mountains, KSA. Biological, physical and chemical properties of each soil type had been investigated using X-ray fluorescence spectrometer, X-ray diffraction, scanning electron microscopy, UV–Vis-spectrophotometer, conductivity bridge, AgNO3 titration, electronic pH meter, well diffusion and hydrometer

Cloud computing is characterized by efficient provision of services and access to shared resources through its pay-per-use model. The service brokers in this architecture mediate among cloud users and cloud service providers to redirect requests to appropriate data centers while aiming at minimization of response time and monetary cost for cloud users. For selection of data centers, the optimization

Lattice Boltzmann method is used to investigate the Rayleigh–Bénard convection of magnetohydrodynamic fluid flow inside a rectangular cavity filled by porous media. The Brinkman–Forchheimer model is considered in the simulation to formulate a porous medium mathematically, and the multi-distribution function model is considered to include the magnetic field effect with different inclination angles.

Aluminium matrix composites are widely used in many applications due to its numerous advantages. Experimental investigation of wear characteristics and prediction of wear is the order of the day. The present study examines the aluminium alloy AA2219-graphite (Gr) composites in terms of its wear characteristics in dry sliding condition. The conventional stir casting method was adopted to fabricate the

During the construction of water-rich bored tunnels, it is important to improve the impermeability of the primary support shotcrete to ensure construction safety. This work considers the underground excavation of water-rich strata in the section between the Baisheng Shaft and Xiba River Station of the Beijing Metro Line 12. A polypropylene fiber-reinforced shotcrete (PFRS) was designed using an orthogonal

With technological progress in particular telemedicine and health care, the information should meet and serve as well the needs of people and in particular whom with reduced mobility, the elderly as well as people with difficulties to access to medical resources and services. These services should be achieved in a fast and reliable manner based on case priorities. One of the major challenges in health

This paper mainly focuses on determination of optimum minimum quantity lubrication (MQL) parameter settings due to enhance the machinability of Ti–6Al–4V alloy, which is an area of huge concern for industrial production and academic research around the globe. MQL is an eco-friendly cooling method, which can be employed during machining Ti–6Al–4V alloys. In this work, a highly efficient MQL system has

In the present study, a physical model of a meandering river with the sloping bank was used to assess the effects of rigid vegetation on flow velocity distribution and bed scouring at the toe and bank slope of a meandering river. The experimental tests were carried out under non-vegetated condition as a reference and vegetated conditions with six different patterns. The results revealed that the flow

In this paper, a ultrawideband antenna combined with a reconfigurable stop-band filter for medical imaging detection applications is presented. The proposed antenna provides dual-band operation at 1.8–3.2 GHz and 4–6.2 GHz, which satisfies widely the bandwidth for ISM application systems.These bands are achieved by the introduction of an open square ring on the top side and a pair of square of CSRRs

Kaolin-supported nanoscale zero-valent iron (K-NZVI) was synthesized via a green synthesis method, in which leaf extract of Ruellia tuberosa was used as a reducing agent. The synthesized K-NZVI was used for decolorization of Reactive Black 5 (RB5), an azo dye widely used in textile industry. The XRD patterns of the K-NZVI particles show the characteristic peaks of Fe0, indicating that Fe0 nanoparticles

In this study, a single chamber microbial fuel cell (SCMFC) with nano-polypyrrole modified graphite felt as anode- and platinum-coated carbon cloth as cathode was employed to reduce the amount of copper, Cu2+, in synthetic wastewater. The performance of the SCMFC was studied for two inocula, Shewanella putrefaciens and mixed culture. Maximum tolerable concentrations of 50 mg/L and 70 mg/L of copper

The major focus of the current study was the modeling of 3D Darcy–Forchheimer flow of water–CNTs nanofluid. Impacts of non-uniform heat source/sink and Ohmic heating on 3D magneto hydrodynamic flow of water–CNTs (SWCNT and MWCNT) nanofluid were assessed. The numerical analysis method ‘Runge–Kutta–Fehlberg’ was applied for existing PDEs. It was noted that the thermal boundary layer was extended for

Project management is a process that schemes and controls the project life cycle via the easiest and the best way to achieve project goals. Project managers always aim to simultaneously handle conflicting goals in the organization. In this paper, a new mathematical model is proposed that simultaneously minimizes total cost and completion time and maximizes the quality in the project management decision

In this paper, the mathematical model used in finding the common vectors of classes in pattern recognition problems is reconsidered to obtain possible alternative solutions for the common vectors. Since the number of unknowns is always one larger than the number of equations in the mathematical model, the best solution to the problem seems to be the pseudo-inverse solutions. We obtained two forms of

The study investigated the strengthening effect of glass fiber and polypropylene fiber-based engineered cementitious composites (GFPPECC) on fire-damaged reinforced concrete short exterior columns. Both moderate (500 °C) and high (900 °C) intensities of fire load corresponding to the ISO834 fire curve were adopted. A total of 15 columns (150 mm × 150 mm × 1000 mm) were cast. The columns were grouped

Using the hydrodynamic (fluid) model of plasmas, we have studied the threshold and gain characteristics of parametric amplification of optical phonon mode in magnetized AIIIBV semiconductor plasmas. The origin of nonlinear interaction is assumed to lie in second-order nonlinearity arising due to nonlinear coupling of pump wave, optical phonon and signal modes in the medium. Theoretical formulation

Wild carob (WC), an abundant and unused lignocellulosic waste in Algeria, has been used as an inexpensive biosorbent for the elimination of methylene blue (MB) from the aqueous solution and as a precursor for the preparation of a new activated carbon by chemical activation with ZnCl2 (ACWC). The adsorbent materials were characterized by N2 physisorption, SEM/EDX, FTIR spectroscopy and isoelectric point

Reduction in power loss while maintaining the acceptable voltage profile has become a challenge for distribution system operators due to expanded living standards. Properly sized shunt capacitors (SCs) allocated at suitable locations of the distribution system can enhance its performance by tackling the power quality issues and foster multiple technical and economic benefits. Most of the existing research

This paper introduces a new technique in the automatic detection of storm sudden commencement (SC) using the discrete wavelet transform (DWT). A geomagnetic storm is a global simultaneous phenomenon affecting the whole Earth, which means that all ground magnetometers running online will record this event. An algorithm using different characteristic features of the SC is proposed. The selection of an

Due to insufficient information in multi-criteria decision-making (MCDM) problems, the decision values given by experts are often fuzzy and uncertain. As an extension of Pythagorean fuzzy set (PFS), interval-valued Pythagorean fuzzy (IPF) set is a more effective and powerful tool to handle fuzzy information in decision problems. But, there are two key issues that needed to be solved: weights of experts

A study of natural radioactivity levels in environmental samples within the northern coastal region of Egypt and the Eastern Province—Khobar, Dammam, Saudi Arabia, has been evaluated. The samples were analyzed using gamma spectrometry based on HpGe detector. The mean activity concentrations of 238U, 232Th, 235U, 40K in addition to 137Cs were 27.03 ± 6.74 Bq/kg, 19.76 ± 0.92 Bq/kg, 0.83 ± 0.06 Bq/kg

This paper presents an analysis of road traffic crashes in Palestine. Over the period of the past 5 decades, there have been uncommon and sever changes in the annual number of road traffic crashes. Such changes can be contributed to varying socioeconomic and political changes. Relevant data have been collected despite the difficulties in obtaining such data from different authorities for various time

A numerical model based on multi-domain is developed to investigate the scattering of surface gravity waves by an array of submerged rubble-mound breakwaters. The boundary value problem is analysed in two dimensions under the assumption of small-amplitude wave theory in the water of finite depth. Analytical solution based on the eigenfunction expansion method is independently developed to validate

The demand for high-precision motion control method for complex systems has increased in the recent decade. The significant challenge is to achieve robustness despite insufficient knowledge about the disturbances acting on a real-time system. Uncertainty and Disturbance Estimator (UDE) method is a vital approach that takes up the challenge, ensuring stability and robustness. This paper is dedicated

Fused Deposition Modelling (FDM) is a widely used additive manufacturing process. It utilizes a variety of homogeneous and heterogeneous materials for product development. A new manufacturing process termed as Hybrid Fused Deposition Modelling (HFDM) has been used for the manufacture of various copper metal mesh (99.99% pure)/PLA (polylactic acid or polylactide) plastic composites. These products have

In the hydro-turbine operation, the kinetic energy of flowing fluid is converted into mechanical energy. In the turbine operation, fluid induces hydraulic load that not only provides a useful mechanical driving torque on the turbine shaft but also causes deformation in turbine components and stress distribution that might induce a structure failure. Structural failure in turbine component decreases

This paper investigates the dynamical characteristics for meminductor and memcapacitor via fractal–fractional-order domain of Caputo–Fabrizio. A chaos circuit is modeled for the highly nonlinear and non-fractional governing differential equations of meminductor and meminductor for knowing the hyperchaos, abrupt chaos and coexisting attractors. The time-scale transformation on dynamical equations is

This paper focuses on the modeling and optimization of the physical and mechanical properties of self-compacting concrete (SCC), prepared using the modified packing model design, taking into consideration sand’s particle size distribution (PSD) and fineness modulus (FM). The optimization is predicated using the response surface methodology. The analysis of variance is exploited to determine the statistical

This paper explores a probabilistic resilience-based cost–benefit model that can be used to identify the best retrofit measures for bridges. In the model, the increase in resilience is considered to be the benefit of seismic retrofit. A bridge functionality assessment model is also proposed to evaluate resilience. The functionality is estimated based on the appropriate seismic loss and exponential

Steel pipelines are vulnerable to the movements of active faults. Few studies focused on reverse faults. The deformational behavior of buried steel pipelines crossing an active reverse fault is investigated in this paper by applying 3D continuum finite element modeling. Numerical simulations indicate that local buckling (or wrinkling) mode of failure is more sensitive to the pipeline rather than tensile

Steel fibers increase the strain capacity of normal and high-strength concrete columns. Availability of normal or high-strength concrete and conventional reinforcement is limited for low-rise concrete houses in rural areas. It is in the interest of society, of the thousands of people that live in those houses, that house performance be evaluated. This paper assesses the behavior of 18 short, square-section

When natural disasters occur, real-time disaster relief operations need to be implemented. But if disaster relief transportation is interrupted, these operations will be severely hampered. Emergency relief bridges must be erected so that people, materials and machinery can reach the disaster area smoothly. Therefore, one indispensable tool of disaster relief organizations is the light bridge. The design

This paper focuses on a make-to-order production system, where rejection of some orders is inevitable due to limited production capacity. In such a system, accepting all orders may cause overloads, order delays, and customer dissatisfaction. For this reason, firms tend to reject some orders. The order acceptance and scheduling problem is defined as deciding simultaneously which orders to be selected

In the original publication, ‘ALGORITHM 1’ was missed out completely during typesetting.

Above all vertical axis wind turbines, for their lower cost and independent on wind direction, Savonius rotor takes the advantage to be more suitable for some implementation. Thus, many investigations have been carried out to improve its efficiency. This study emphasizes on the effect of the overlap distance and the blade shape on a helical Savonius wind turbine performance. Assessment methods based

Proximity charge sensing is a novel technique used in the field of radiation detection. This research examines the simulation of a pixelated anode proximity charge-sensing device on CZT semiconductors to evaluate the potential performance of the proximity sensing technique on room-temperature detector materials for imaging purposes. The weighting potentials (WPs), of proximity-sensing and directly

Plants are the major source of a wide array of antimicrobials and antioxidants. Present study describes the biochemical exploration of the methanol and chloroform extracts of aerial parts of Kickxia ramosissima (Wall.) Janchn. Main objective of study was to verify the antimicrobial and antioxidant value of its extracts. The crude extracts were subjected to different biological activities to explore

The pollution of water bodies with ciprofloxacin (CF) and other antibiotics has resulted in undesirable characteristics, such as color, odor and microbial resistance in environmental waters. Using agricultural waste as biosorbents for the removal of antibiotics from wastewater is a promising treatment approach. This research was based on the treatment of CF-polluted water by utilizing acid-modified

In this paper, the localization issue associated with distance relay protecting a transmission line with static synchronous compensator (STATCOM) is discussed. Generally, distance relay is mal-operated due to the dynamic behaviour of STATCOM during its inductive and capacitive modes of operation. Because, STATCOM operation creates the problem of correct measurement of fault distance and is responsible

In this study, Mn, Pb, Ni, Cd, and Cr concentrations in Advanced Biological Wastewater Treatment Plant sludge (ABWWTP) (Turkey) were investigated. The health risks associated with the use of sludge as manure were also calculated. In this context, the metal pollution index (MPI) was determined to assess the pollution degree. According to the obtained data, the highest concentration in ABWWTP sludge

A backward facing step (BFS) flow has been investigated extensively by the research community experimentally and computationally due to its significant flow features because of the presence of the separation-reattachment mechanism. The strength of this mechanism varies based on the Reynolds number (RN). For turbulent flow at low RN, the separation-reattachment mechanism computations may be expensive

In this paper, iron-supported natural Sbih clay (Fe–Sb) was prepared by pillared method under ultrasound energy. Fe–Sb was used to remove Ni(II) and Zn(II) from aqueous effluents via sonoassisted adsorption process. To characterize the produced clay material, surface area, mineralogical composition of clay material and interlayer spacing changes of the prepared sample Fe–Sb were identified. The sonoassisted

The mix design of asphalt concrete is usually accomplished in the Iranian ministry of road and transportation according to the Marshall method. Marshall mix design parameters are a function of grading and properties of aggregates, amount and type of bitumen in asphalt mixtures. Therefore, in order to determine these parameters and the optimum bitumen content, many samples with different compounds and