In the process of exploration, exploitation, and transportation of offshore oil, it is easy to cause leakage accidents due to bad environment, aging facilities, and violent collision. The existence of a large number of offshore oil spills has seriously affected the marine ecological environment; the treatment of crude oil pollutants not only has a very long treatment cycle, but also its treatment cost

Safe disposal of high-level waste is a challenging problem facing the scientific, technological, and engineering communities. The actual high-level waste disposal is closely related to the number of waste canisters in a single borehole. The influence of the number of waste canisters in a single borehole on the near-field temperature, stress, and displacement of the repository is directly related to

Site investigation is crucial for any strong-motion station’s installation due to the modifications caused by underlying soil strata on strong-motion records. Hence, this study focuses on the geophysical exploration of 54 strong-motion stations located in the Himalaya and adjoining plains to estimate the shear wave velocity (Vs) profile and depth of bedrock of underlying soil strata. The methodology

With the development of society and the continuous improvement of people’s living standards, people are more eager to explore the mysterious ocean zone, which also makes the focus of tourism development in the world gradually shift to marine tourism. This phenomenon undoubtedly promotes people’s economic development, but at the same time, because of human’s too frequent activities and neglect of the

The mining-induced breaking of thick-hard roof is characterized by the microseisms and energy release. To preliminary control rock burst caused by the breakage of the thick-hard roof in panel #42202 of Shengdong coal field, a goaf-based multistage hydraulic fracturing technology was developed, and corresponding mathematical model for hydraulic fracturing position determination and synergetic support

In order to improve the monitoring capability of marine biological ecological environment, a monitoring model of marine biological ecological environment based on complex dynamic network model is proposed, and an optimal deployment method of complex dynamic network nodes for marine biological ecological environment monitoring based on multi-sensor fusion tracking scheduling is constructed. An optimized

In the process of development in recent years, my country’s urban construction has achieved very good results, but the acceleration of the urbanization process has also brought a lot of pressure and problems to the city itself. In the process of urban construction, the construction of drainage systems in many cities was not perfect, which resulted in the infiltration of surface water in the city. Many

The evaluation results of the plant landscape scenic beauty estimation of roof greening can provide theoretical basis for the future development planning and design of roof greening in Zhengzhou. Taking 26 roof greening places in Zhengzhou city of Henan Province as the research object, 26 plant landscape samples were selected, and the beauty value of each sample was calculated by the beauty evaluation

Crab populations play a major role in net bioturbation of the coastal tracts of the Sagar Island, Hugli Estuary, India. The activities attest to scraping, churning, ingesting, burrowing substrate sediment for feeding, dwelling etc. Non-random distribution of bioturbated patches zone averaged for ten spatial zones indicates percent area bioturbation varying between 0.08% and 29.92%. No significant correlation

Spreadsheet-based programming has become a worldwide computational tool and a powerful platform for executing scientific calculations in different engineering disciplines. The inherent advantage of spreadsheets exists in integrated storage and the ability to manipulate matrices along with wide-ranging mathematical calculations, plotting, and diagrammatic presentation. This paper presents a user-friendly

In view of the shortage of water resources and the extremely fragile ecological environment in the mining area, this paper comprehensively analyzes the effect of landscape planting of trees and shrubs on the ecological restoration of the environment in the mining area. According to the design of ecological restoration of arbor and shrub plant landscape, the restoration mode of spraying and sowing of

The ratio of unconfined compressive strength to tensile strength (UCS/T) is a fundamental mechanical characteristics of rock materials, and the macroscopic mechanical properties of rocks under compression and tension conditions are seriously affected by microcracks. In this study, the numerical samples with three different microcrack distribution morphology (triangular mesh microcrack distribution

The global stability of geosynthetic-reinforced and pile-supported (GRPS) embankments on soft foundations is one of the great concerns for geotechnical engineers in design and construction process. The current analysis theories for the stability of GRPS embankment are essentially based on the two-dimensional limit equilibrium method under various assumptions. However, up till now, there still lack

The Mewengo iron deposit belongs to the Nyong series greenstone belt, which is located at the northwestern border of the Congo Craton in Cameroon. The amphibolites of Mewengo are associated to poorly documented banded iron formations (BIF) as layers and discontinuous pods; they are ortho-amphibolites having a basaltic protolith. They display granoblastic heterogranular texture, made up of garnet, amphibole

The Himalayan belt is known for seismic activities; however, activities across this belt are not uniform due to various factors, including stress regime, heterogeneity of subsurface material, and the manner by which the major tectonic Indian plate is colliding with the Eurasian plate. In this study, three sample regions spanning northwest to northeast Himalayas (Kashmir, Nepal, and northeast Himalayan

Rapid industrialization and urbanization have resulted in heavy metal(loid) pollution in aquatic environments in China. It may be beneficial to dredge sediments with low levels of metal(loid) contamination and utilize the nutrient-rich sediments in agricultural applications. However, relatively little is known about the human health risks from heavy metal(loid)s and nutrients in river sediments. In

In this study, mineralogical and geochemical characteristics of weathered pyroxenites boulders of Mamb, Ngong and Nkolmbong areas (Pan-African Yaoundé group) are determined in order to understand the mineralisation processes of Ni, Co, Cr and Cu during the early stage of weathering of ultramafic rocks. These pyroxenites are intruded in micaschist at Mamb and Ngong or in migmatitic gneiss at Nkolmbong

Sulphur (S) is considered to improve the nutrient uptake of plants due to its synergistic relationship with other nutrients. This could ultimately enhance the seed yield of oilseed crops. However, there is limited quantitative information on nutrient uptake, distribution, and its associated impacts on seed yield of sesame under the S application. Thus, a two-year field study (2018 and 2019) was conducted

Four hundred eighty sandstone core samples obtained from three different hydrocarbon charged formations of different geologic ages (Pliocene; Miocene and Cretaceous) and different geographic locations (Egypt and Hungary) are used to correlate the effective pore aperture size adopted by Winland (r35) and new r36 of the present work. These pore aperture percentiles (r35 and r36) are calculated with different

Confirming hydrocarbon charge in reservoir assessment is crucial for exploration and appraisal phases of oil and gas business. This paper addresses the source rock assessment and basin modeling, as well as seismic attributes, of Miocene-Pliocene sequences, shedding light on petroleum potential at South Mansoura Area. South Mansoura-1 well was chosen in performing the required investigation. It contains

Wetland constitutes the most important environmental resource for mankind. In the past half century, rapid population growth and excessive use of wetland resources led to its lower functions, gradual wetland exploitation, and unreasonable development and usage. To implement river wetland landscape planning and design from low-carbon perspective, river compound functions compatible with urban functions

In this research, effects of silica Nano particles on the important properties of self-compacting-concrete (SCC) containing Leca, Perlite and Scoria light weight aggregates have been investigated. Different amounts of silica Nano particles have been added to the lightweight-self-compacting-concrete (LWSCC) mixtures, and the properties of the LWSCCs at the fresh and also the hardened state have been

Metamorphic pressure–temperature conditions and sedimentary provenance were determined for the middle Permian Fanjiatun Formation in east Changchun, China, based on clay mineralogy, vitrinite reflectance and geochemical data. The pelitic rocks in the Fanjiatun Formation contain illite + kaolinite + chlorite ± mixed-layer chlorite/smectite and detrital quartz + plagioclase. Illite crystallinity in the

In addition to aggregates, cement, water and reinforcement, transportation is one of the key aspects in operating a precast concrete manufacturing plant. The cost of transportation in precast concrete manufacturing plants is closely related to electricity prices. Despite intensive efforts to implement renewable energy sources, still, 2/3 are non-renewable sources, such as coal, natural gas and oil

The high-speed railway rapid development in China, with the arrival of the era of high-speed railway, tourists’ choice appears new changes. From monetary cost and time cost of the passenger, this paper studies four common transportations between Kunming and Shanghai, including high-speed railway, ordinary railway, expressway, and aviation, and studies and quantifies the travel cost. It is concluded

Taking into account the characteristics of the crop reflectance spectrum and the variations caused by different climates, remote sensing imaging technology and its counter-technical indicators can track the growth rate and aspects of crops and collect personalized information on the land where crops can be planted and how they can be grown and distributed. According to the collected data, the main

Climate change is a worldwide issue which has a dramatic influence on temperature, precipitation, glaciers, and water bodies. The climate of the Earth is getting warmer significantly. This, in turn, increases such extreme weather events as heat and cold waves. To understand these two extreme weather events, the data on the mean daily minimum and maximum temperatures were collected from 39 meteorological

In the current work, the concentration, sources, and inhalation-based risk assessment of PM2.5-bound PAHs and heavy metals was assessed in ambient air of areas with low and high traffic density in Tehran, Iran. To this end, a total of 64 air samples—28 samples in low and moderate traffic areas (LTA), and 32 samples in high traffic areas (HTA))—were taken from March 2018 to March 2019 during warm and

Gypsum soils suffer from engineering problems of collapse, which occurs when an increase in moisture causes significant soil deformation in the constructions. There is no sufficient information about the most important physical soil characteristics that affects the shear strength parameters and collapse potential of the gypseous soil, which covers about 30% of the area of Iraq. The present research

The progressive and sequential shifting of the banklines and centerlines (thalweg) due to bank erosion and channel bar formation, as well as channel planform changes and avulsion of the Dwarkeswar river of West Bengal during the last 100 years, have been studied. For this purpose, police station maps, Survey of India topographical maps, and satellite images were used along with extensive field surveys

Many oil fields within the Niger Delta have been abandoned after serving their estimated life time largely due to large uncertainties and risks associated with many subsurface complexities and often limited and/or inconsistent surveillance data coupled with the convectional static characterization of the reservoir bodies as is the case of the X- oil Field, south eastern onshore, Nigeria. This research

The North-South highway is a central axis of the Algerian road network. This major project is expected to enhance the socio-economic development of Algeria. However, its first section is implemented within a complex region with very contrasted landscapes marked by mass movements. In the present work, we conducted a mass movement susceptibility assessment on the first section of the road infrastructure

In flood disasters, the psychological and cognitive satisfaction of victims has become a topic of eager attention by rescue agencies. In response to this situation, this study established an emergency rescue material distribution model while ensuring fairness and satisfaction. Introduced prospect theory and unfair theory, analyze the disaster victims’ risk perception of the arrival time of rescue materials

The traditional method ignores the division of risk level, leading to the increase of treatment cost and the decrease of water resource utilization rate. Therefore, this paper designs a risk management method for sudden public water pollution accident based on data information mining. The risk management system architecture was designed, which was composed of operation module, map operation module

In both natural gas and petroleum reservoirs, the extracted gas is not only composed of methane: a variable and significant quantity of other compounds, such as different hydrocarbons (ethane, butane, pentane, propane, etc.), inert gas (nitrogen), and toxic and corrosive molecules (i.e., carbon dioxide and hydrogen sulfide), are present. In order to reach commercial specifications, natural gas has

Shivalik region is one of the agri-intensive regions in Punjab, India, wherein groundwater quality is a major human health concern. In this study, a total of 57 groundwater samples were collected from the Rupnagar district of this region (one sample per 36 km2) to evaluate its quality, the role of hydrogeochemical processes in its contamination, and further their potential human health hazards. The

Monitoring and characterization of rock face is an important aspect of field survey in order to meet the safety requirements for any rock engineering activity. Currently, most of the rock face mapping activities are carried out using manual surveying with compass-clinometers. Laser scanners coupled with their inbuilt commercial software packages provide ways of semi-automated extraction and mapping

To establish a more accurate roof water abundance evaluation model and mitigate the difficulties in roof water abundance prediction and evaluation in the coal mine production process, the 2101 working face of the Yingpanhao coal mine was studied. Combined with the hydrogeological characteristics and drilling data of the study area and based on the lithology and structure, four controlling factors,

The mechanism of coal and gas outbursts tends to be more complex after entering the deep part of a coal mine from the shallow ground. As deep coal roadway outbursts change from gas-dominated to geostress-dominated, it is imperative to explore how to prevent outbursts of deep geostress-dominated coal roadways. Because the fracture zone of surrounding rocks in deep roadways is far larger than that in

This paper proposes an improved dynamic stability analysis for abutment of dam (IDSAM) by combining interface boundary element with partitioned finite element (PFE-IBE). The total yield of the control area is taken as the instability criterion, and the area is made up of contact point pairs controlling the structural surface. The full structural surface yield state of the structural surface of the

In this paper, we present a novel methodology by employing the finite element method (FEM) for creating probability fields of rock types (facies) present in a reservoir. The method is developed for a hydrocarbon reservoir, which, situated thousands of meters underground, has a high uncertainty regarding its geology. However, from the exploration phase, are collected facies observations (hard data)

This study has been prepared as a reply to the discussion written by O’Kelly and Soltani (2021).

Kerala is the third most densely populated state in India, with 860 persons per square kilometer. The uniqueness and diversity of the state’s topology make it highly vulnerable to natural hazards. Kerala State Emergency Operations Centre Kerala State Disaster Management Authority (2016). This study was initiated in the backdrop of landslides and floods in 2018, which had wreaked havoc in the region

Biomass materials have been rapidly used in generating power, heating, and other industrial applications; the remains from the combustion of biomass materials, biomass ash, are being produced in large quantities rapidly. Accordingly, a method of consuming biomass ash, expanding new applications, and achieving resource utilization is urgently required. This research studies the basic properties of adding

Drought is a phenomenon that occurs slowly, affecting surface water and groundwater resources, which can reduce the water supply, worsen water quality and deteriorate agricultural products, and affect economic and political activities. Urmia Lake basin has been exposed to severe water stress in recent years. Therefore, in this study, drought monitoring in Tabriz synoptic station as one of the most

Thirty-four groundwater samples were gathered from the area east of Qena, Egypt, to characterize their hydrochemical properties and evaluate their quality for irrigation. Moreover, hydrogeology and remote sensing data were integrated to estimate the occurrence of groundwater in the studied area. The studied samples were collected from the Quaternary and Nubian aquifers. Their analyses results revealed

The soil-rock mixture (S-RM) is widely used as a kind of geotechnical material in some construction engineering. When analyzing the stability of the engineering, the strength properties of S-RM are used as crucial input parameters. In this paper, to improve the understanding of strength properties of S-RM, a series of large-scale direct shear tests were conducted on S-RM with two volumetric rock block

In this study, the geochemical characteristics of the oil and gas and the related source rocks in the Ningbo Tectonic Zone in the Xihu Sag are analysed to determine the source of the natural gas. The natural gas in the Ningbo Tectonic Zone is dry gas. It has a high content of methylcyclohexane and low contents of n-heptane and dimethylcyclopentane in the C7 light hydrocarbons and a heavy ethane-carbon

The renewed enthusiasm for sustainable development and interest in transit needs to prompt the advancement of new transit-oriented development (TOD). Under the “smart cities” mission, smart growth development is being built globally. Government initiates many programs to increase ridership in public transport. However, investment in infrastructure such as for TOD without understanding the existing

Treatment and recycling of organic waste play important roles in an integrated waste management system by producing a stabilized material that can be utilized as a source of nutrients and as a soil conditioner. In this study, the viability of composting for the recycling of sewage sludge and also the possible effects of pretreatment under various conditions on the quality of the end-product were examined

We developed geospatial models to forecast the concentration of air pollutants in different land uses over two seasons as cold (December, 2017) and warm (September, 2018) in Bushehr city. The samples were taken during three repetitions in three consecutive weeks encompassing SO2, CO, and NO2 focus specimens at 10 sites in four zones (traffic, industrial, residential, and recreational) over two seasons

This study deals with the effects of the Saharan dust events on air quality in Tunisian cities. An algorithm based on the measurement of PM10 concentrations HYSPLIT is used for the analysis of these effects. The method involves satellite observations, back trajectories, and dust maps for validation. During the studied period, the daily PM10 trend shows prevalent PM10 packs predominately during the

Destructive tsunamis were reported in the Oman Sea after large earthquakes. The Northern Sultanate of Oman and United Arab Emirates (UAE) were subjected to two confirmed tsunamis on 27 November 1945, caused by an Mw 8.1 earthquake in Makran subduction zone, and on 24 September 2013 following the Mw 7.7 Baluchistan earthquake. In this study, deterministic and probabilistic tsunami hazard assessments

A 2-year field experiment was conducted in a research farm at Tehran, Iran, to determine the effect of mild and severe drought stress and foliar application of glycine betaine (0, 50, and 100 mM L−1) and gibberellic acid (0, 60, and 120 ppm) on some physiological traits and yield and yield-related traits of cowpea (Vigna unguiculata L. Walp.) genotypes. Drought stress at both mild and severe levels

Phytoplankton, the primary producers in an aquatic ecosystem, also act as indicators of pollution by alterations in species composition and population structure. Study on plankton dynamics in relation to environment forms the base of any aquatic ecosystem management. So, a study on the variations in the plankton population influenced by abiotic factors was conducted in the Paleru Reservoir, India.

The measure of degraded lands of a region provides for unfurling the natural asset, soil, for its suitability for crops. An attempt has been made to identify, map, and monitor the dynamics of degraded lands over three decades. The efficacy of remote sensing is employed to observe change in the form of reduction, increase, or shift in a particular category of degradation. An improvement in respect to

On account of the essential need and the existing drawbacks of slope monitoring, the shear wave velocity of the slope surface could be treated as an indication of shallow landslides. In this study, the relationship between shear wave velocity, water content, and tilting deformation of the slope surface in shallow landslides was studied by an innovative flume test. Parabolic relationships between the

The two major towns, Kangra and Dharamshala, located in the northwest Himalaya have been a subject of great interest for the first-level microzonation due to their high seismic hazard potential. Tectonically, the region is geologically complex and lying between two major thrusts, i.e., the Main Boundary Thrust (MBT) to the northeast and the Jawalamukhi Thrust (JMT) to the southwest. Therefore, the

The geological and geographical conditions have made the Himalayas one of the regions most vulnerable to disasters. Northern Pakistan is made up of high-relief Himalayan mountains where landslides are the most frequently occurring catastrophic events. Floods, earthquakes, and landslides occur most often in this region, causing deaths and severe infrastructure damages. The studied area is experiencing

Sediment transport in rivers is an important and complex process. It is very important to know the nature and quantities of sediments transported in course of rivers to achieve prudent water management. Due to the presence of most of the important projects on or near the banks of the river in the study area, so there is always a fear that these projects will be affected by the processes of erosion