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Seismic isolation technology of shallow buried large section utility tunnel with soft soils in seismically vulnerable area Front. Earth Sci. (IF 2.9) Pub Date : 2024-03-15 Zhigang Wang, Lijun Chang, Huabing Ma, Li Zhu, Guangyao Cui, Hongwei Shan, Ziyang He
Shallow utility tunnels with exceptionally large cross-sections in weak soil can face significantly more severe seismic risks compared to conventional deep tunnels in seismic hazard areas. This study investigates the seismic response and isolation technologies applied to a large section utility tunnel with 4 compartments in one layer, employing seismic simulations. The engineering context, dynamic
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Study on the mechanical characteristics of sand pebble surrounding rock considering the disturbance effect of tunnel excavation Front. Earth Sci. (IF 2.9) Pub Date : 2024-03-15 Maozhou Huang, Daidai Yu, Xin Li, Yinting Zhao
When conducting tunnel construction in sandy gravel strata, disturbance to the sandy gravel soil is inevitable, resulting in alterations to the properties of the surrounding rock. This paper investigates the relationship between the relative density (Dr) and shear strength parameters under different disturbance states through the implementation of indoor triaxial tests. Utilizing Dr as a disturbance
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Investigation on the failure mechanism of the collapse of the columnar jointed basalt in underground cavern Front. Earth Sci. (IF 2.9) Pub Date : 2024-03-14 Jin-Shuai Zhao, Jian-Cong Zhang, Shu-Feng Pei, Liang Xing, Chong-Feng Chen, Guang-Duan Zhang
Columnar jointed basalt (CJB) is a kind of jointed rock with a polygonal cylinder mosaic structure that has complex mechanical properties such as discontinuity and heterogeneity. The typical geological structure of the CJB is the intercolumnar joint plane and the implicit joint plane, which obviously affect the mechanical properties of the rock mass. Controlling the unloading relaxation of the CJB
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Source and geological significance of Jurassic asphalt in the Ruoqiang Sag of Southeast Depression, Tarim Basin, Northwestern China Front. Earth Sci. (IF 2.9) Pub Date : 2024-03-13 Xiaodong Lan, Zhongkai Bai, Youxing Yang, Zhenglong Jiang, Jile Zhang
The Southeast Depression of the Tarim Basin has a very low petroleum exploration degree, and currently, no industrial oil and gas have been discovered. Many hydrocarbon shows exist in the Ruoqiang Sag, where hydrocarbon sources and accumulation processes are unclear. Only two potential Jurassic hydrocarbon source rocks developed in the Ruoqiang Sag, the Yangye (J2y) lacustrine mudstone of the Middle
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Improved Gaussian regression model for retrieving ground methane levels by considering vertical profile features Front. Earth Sci. (IF 2.9) Pub Date : 2024-03-12
Atmospheric methane is one of the major greenhouse gases and has a great impact on climate change. To obtain the polluted levels of atmospheric methane in the ground-level range, this study used satellite observations and vertical profile features derived by atmospheric chemistry model to estimate the ground methane concentrations in first. Then, the improved daily ground-level atmospheric methane
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Improved Gaussian regression model for retrieving ground methane levels by considering vertical profile features Front. Earth Sci. (IF 2.9) Pub Date : 2024-03-12 Hu He, Tingzhen Zheng, Jingang Zhao, Xin Yuan, Encheng Sun, Haoran Li, Hongyue Zheng, Xiao Liu, Gangzhu Li, Yanbo Zhang, Zhili Jin, Wei Wang
Atmospheric methane is one of the major greenhouse gases and has a great impact on climate change. To obtain the polluted levels of atmospheric methane in the ground-level range, this study used satellite observations and vertical profile features derived by atmospheric chemistry model to estimate the ground methane concentrations in first. Then, the improved daily ground-level atmospheric methane
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Determining the Moho topography using an improved inversion algorithm: a case study from the South China Sea Front. Earth Sci. (IF 2.9) Pub Date : 2024-03-12 Hui Zhang, Hangtao Yu, Chuang Xu, Rui Li, Lu Bie, Qingyin He, Yiqi Liu, Jinsong Lu, Yinan Xiao, Yang Lyu
The Parker-Oldenburg method, as a classical frequency-domain algorithm, has been widely used in Moho topographic inversion. The method has two indispensable hyperparameters, which are the Moho density contrast and the average Moho depth. Accurate hyperparameters are important prerequisites for inversion of fine Moho topography. However, limited by the nonlinear terms, the hyperparameters estimated
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Land subsidence along the Beijing-Tianjin high-speed railway before and after the South-to-North water diversion project with multi-source monitoring datasets Front. Earth Sci. (IF 2.9) Pub Date : 2024-03-11 Shaomin Liu, Mingzhou Bai
The development of land subsidence has seriously affected the safe operation of Beijing-Tianjin high-speed railway. The South-to-North Water Diversion Project Central Route (SNWDP-CR) was officially put into operation in December 2014. It has changed the water supply pattern in Beijing and provided conditions for reducing groundwater exploitation and controlling land subsidence. In this paper, the
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Characterization of reservoir quality in tight sandstones from the Benxi Formation, eastern Ordos Basin, China Front. Earth Sci. (IF 2.9) Pub Date : 2024-03-11 Guoyong Li, Cong Li, Boming Zhang, Lei Zhang, Zhuang Liang, Qi Chen
The Benxi Formation in the eastern Ordos Basin harbors abundant natural gas resources and shows promising exploration and development potential. However, the reservoir characteristics are complex, and the primary controlling factors are unclear, presenting significant challenges for reservoir characterization. In response to these challenges, we conducted a systematic study on the characteristics of
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Can land-use and land-cover change explain reduced resilience in forests? Front. Earth Sci. (IF 2.9) Pub Date : 2024-03-08 Sara Alibakhshi, Hossein Azadi, Leonardo Espinosa-Leal
Generating signals of reduced resilience in ecosystems is crucial for conservation and management endeavors. However, the practical implications of such systems are still limited due to the lack of high-frequency data and uncertainties associated with predicting complex systems such as ecosystems. This study aims to investigate the potential of time series analysis of remote sensing data in detecting
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Experiments on the flow over a hill covered by a canopy in stably stratified conditions Front. Earth Sci. (IF 2.9) Pub Date : 2024-03-08 John J. Finnigan, Ian N. Harman, Dale E. Hughes
It has long been suspected that thermo-topographic flows, especially gravity currents, within vegetation canopies on complex terrain are one of the main reasons behind the failure to reconcile micrometeorological and biometric estimates of canopy-atmosphere exchange at many sites. However, the physical mechanisms governing the initiation and the scaling of these flows remain poorly understood. Here
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Study of the effect of salt deposition on production capacity and storage capacity in underground gas storage Front. Earth Sci. (IF 2.9) Pub Date : 2024-03-07 Ren Zhongxin, Yang Xiaoping, Chang Dawei, Wang Ning, Meng Da
Underground gas storage (UGS) is the most economical and effective means to guarantee stable gas supply. During gas production process, the evaporation of formation water leads to the increase of water content in the gas, and the salinity of the remaining formation water increases. This work applied numerical simulation to analyze the effect of salt deposition on flowing bottomhole pressure, production
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Stress disturbance around Xianshuihe fault zone in the eastern Qinghai–Tibet Plateau and implication for fault stability Front. Earth Sci. (IF 2.9) Pub Date : 2024-03-07 Songfeng Guo, Jinxuan Li, Shengwen Qi, Bowen Zheng, Yaguo Zhang, Yu Zou, Weiwei Zhu, Faisal Muhammad Waqar, Khan Zada
The Xianshuihe fault zone in the eastern Qinghai–Tibetan Plateau is an important active tectonic boundary. Understanding its stress state is important for characterizing the dynamic evolution of the Qinghai–Tibet Plateau and the mechanism of the frequent occurrence of large earthquakes. Using 30 years of in-situ stress data from the Xianshuihe active fault zone, we statistically analyzed the spatial
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Climate adjusted projections of the distribution and frequency of poor air quality days for the contiguous United States Front. Earth Sci. (IF 2.9) Pub Date : 2024-03-07 Bradley Wilson, Mariah Pope, David Melecio-Vazquez, Ho Hsieh, Maximilian Alfaro, Evelyn Shu, Jeremy Porter, Edward J. Kearns
Unhealthy air quality conditions can strongly affect long-term human health and wellbeing, yet many air quality data products focus on near real-time alerts or short-term forecasts. Understanding the full state of air quality also requires examining the longer term frequency and intensity of poor air quality at ground level, and how it might change over time. We present a new modeling framework to
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Early cretaceous multi-stage extension in the North Dabie complex in the eastern central China: insights from structural and geochronological data Front. Earth Sci. (IF 2.9) Pub Date : 2024-03-07 Peng Huang, Zhen Yan, Wenjiao Xiao, Miao Sang, Qigui Mao, Nijiati Abuduxun
A dominantly NW-SE directed extensional tectonics in the Early Cretaceous significantly reworked the Late Permian-Triassic orogenic framework of the Dabie orogenic belt. The North Dabie complex (NDC) is the principal domain recording this tectonic event. However, the precise structure-kinematic architectures, particularly those observed in the ductile regime, along with the respective time scales for
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Investigation on shakedown response-behavior of thawed subgrade soils under long-term traffic loading Front. Earth Sci. (IF 2.9) Pub Date : 2024-03-07 Shujian Wang, Xiangyang Li, Yanzheng Ti, Xiaoning Zhang, Tao Yin, Ruibing Wang, Xiufeng Jiang, Zhikai Su, Jianwen Hao
The shakedown state of the subgrade is crucial for the sustainable design and long-term stability evaluation of pavement structures. In order to characterize the plastic deformation and shakedown behavior of subgrade soil in seasonal frozen regions, cyclic triaxial tests were conducted on the thawed subgrade soil after seven cycles of freeze-thaw. The influences of the numbers of cycle loading, the
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Polar low research: recent developments and promising courses of research Front. Earth Sci. (IF 2.9) Pub Date : 2024-03-06 Marta Moreno-Ibáñez
Polar lows (PLs) are intense maritime mesoscale weather systems that develop during marine cold air outbreaks at high latitudes. The objective of this review is to describe the advances in polar low research since the last literature review—published 3 years ago—, indicate the knowledge gaps that remain, and suggest promising courses of research. Among the breakthroughs identified here are the first
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Detection performance analysis of advanced direction time lightning detection system in China Front. Earth Sci. (IF 2.9) Pub Date : 2024-03-06 Hualiang Zhu, Wenjing Pang, Fengjiao Chen, Miaomiao Zhang, Jing Wang, Zhichao Wang
In order to study the detection performance of the Advanced Direction Time Lightning Detection System (ADTD) over mainland China, the relationship between the detection efficiency (DE) and distance for ADTD sensor is analyzed using lightning location data by ADTD during 2014–2020, which fits well with the probability density function of the Gamma distribution. The DE and location accuracy of ADTD across
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Holocene flood records and human impacts implied from the pollen evidence in the Daming area, North China Plain Front. Earth Sci. (IF 2.9) Pub Date : 2024-03-06 Jinsong Yang, Linjing Liu, Harry Roberts, Zhe Liu, Lei Song, Peng Zhang
Understanding the environmental significance of pollen and spores in alluvial plains is important for stratigraphic correlation and paleoenvironmental reconstruction. This paper presents palynological data from the North China Plain and explores their relationship with paleoflood records and human impacts since the Holocene. Our data reveal that pollen concentration and pollen assemblage vary in flood
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Deep learning-based spatial downscaling and its application for tropical cyclone detection in the western North Pacific Front. Earth Sci. (IF 2.9) Pub Date : 2024-03-06 Anqi Chen, Chaoxia Yuan
Resolution of global climate models (GCMs) significantly influences their capacity to simulate extreme weather such as tropical cyclones (TCs). However, improving the GCM resolution is computationally expensive and time-consuming, making it challenging for many research organizations worldwide. Here, we develop a downscaling model, MSG-SE-GAN, based on the Generative Adversarial Networks (GAN) together
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Application research on low cost support method for surrounding rock of broken section roadway in phosphate mine area Front. Earth Sci. (IF 2.9) Pub Date : 2024-03-06 Mengchao Xu, Xiaoshuang Li, Jiawen Wang, Mengzhen Cao, Menglai Wang, Shujian Li
Introduction: Taking a phosphate mine in Yunnan as the engineering research background, the fractured rock mass of the No. 1 belt roadway is selected as the research object.Methods: To reduce the cost of tunnel surrounding rock support and optimize construction technology, a combination of numerical simulation software Midas and on-site experiments was used to compare and analyze the distribution characteristics
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Variability in the drivers of microplastic consumption by fish across four lake ecosystems Front. Earth Sci. (IF 2.9) Pub Date : 2024-03-06 Peter Conowall, Kathryn M. Schreiner, Joseph Marchand, Elizabeth C. Minor, Casey W. Schoenebeck, Melissa A. Maurer-Jones, Thomas R. Hrabik
Microplastic (<5 mm) pollution has been documented globally throughout freshwater and marine ecosystems. Exposure to and ingestion of microplastics presents a threat to the health of aquatic and marine organisms and humans through the consumption of fish and crustaceans. Understanding the factors which influence microplastic ingestion by fish is a key step in predicting the potential health risks.
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Study on overburden failure characteristics and ground pressure behavior in shallow coal seam mining underneath the gully Front. Earth Sci. (IF 2.9) Pub Date : 2024-03-05 Jie Zhang, Li Wang, Tao Yang, Shoushi Gao, Yifeng He, Jianjun Wu
Introduction: This study focuses on investigating the characteristics of overburden failure and ground pressure behavior in shallow coal seam mining beneath a gully. The research is conducted at the 135201 working face of Shaliang Coal Mine in the Shenfu Mining Area.Methods: The study employs physical similarity simulation tests, theoretical analysis, and field measurements to analyze the ground pressure
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A novel high-resolution imaging method based on sparsity in the time domain and spectral fitting in the frequency domain Front. Earth Sci. (IF 2.9) Pub Date : 2024-03-05 Xin Guo, Jianhu Gao, Xueshan Yong, Shengjun Li, Jinyong Gui, Hongqiu Wang
During the propagation of seismic waves underground, the high-frequency seismic response of thin reservoir is absorbed and attenuated, which poses a challenge in seismic thin reservoir prediction. The high-resolution processing techniques have the capability to significantly expand the frequency range of the seismic data, so it becomes a key technique for thin reservoir prediction. Most of these techniques
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The relationship between the Bay of Bengal summer monsoon retreat and early summer rainfall in East Asia Front. Earth Sci. (IF 2.9) Pub Date : 2024-03-05 Qiuchi Li, Lin Liu, Yang Yang, Guang Yang, Yongliang Duan, Ai Zeng
As the upstream region of the Asian summer monsoon, the Bay of Bengal summer monsoon (BOBSM) system has impacts on rainfall patterns in East Asia. In this study, we investigate the impact of the interannual variability of the BOBSM retreat on China precipitation in early summer (June) of the following year. When the BOBSM retreat occurs earlier in the previous year, we find enhanced rainfall in both
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Identifying earthquake swarms at Mt. Ruapehu, New Zealand: a machine learning approach Front. Earth Sci. (IF 2.9) Pub Date : 2024-03-04 Sam Mitchinson, Jessica H. Johnson, Ben Milner, Jason Lines
Mt. Ruapehu is an active andesitic stratovolcano, consisting of several peaks with the summit plateau at 2,797 m, making it the tallest active volcano in New Zealand. The extent of the volcano spreads 40 km across with a series of complex faults encompassing almost the entire base of the volcano. A series of earthquakes occurring 20 km west of the summit of Mt. Ruapehu, near the small town of Erua
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Combined ambient vibration and surface displacement measurements for improved progressive failure monitoring at a toppling rock slab in Utah, USA Front. Earth Sci. (IF 2.9) Pub Date : 2024-03-04 Erin K. Jensen, Jeffrey R. Moore, Paul R. Geimer, Riley Finnegan
Seismic resonance and surface displacement measurements can be implemented in tandem to improve landslide characterization and progressive failure monitoring. Crack aperture data are frequently used in rock slope stability monitoring and often exhibit recognizable trends prior to failure, such as accelerated crack opening. Alternatively, ambient resonance data offer multiple parameters including modal
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Stability analysis of slopes with cracks using the finite element limit analysis method Front. Earth Sci. (IF 2.9) Pub Date : 2024-03-04 Chao Hu, Yong-hong Zeng, Hao-yu Yao
There are numerous slope projects involved in railway and highway constructions, and ensuring the stability of slopes, especially those with cracks, is very important. Compared with the limit equilibrium method, the limit analysis method takes into account the soil’s stress-strain behavior and boundary conditions, thereby yielding more rigorous and accurate results. The stability of slopes with cracks
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Early Pleistocene depositional and environmental conditions at Dachangliang, Nihewan Basin, NE China Front. Earth Sci. (IF 2.9) Pub Date : 2024-03-04 Ahmed H. Moghazi, Hailong Zhao, Chengjun Zhang, Elísabet A. Eythorsdottir, Steffen Mischke
The Pleistocene sediments of Nihewan Basin in NE China are intensively studied since ca. 100 years because of its rich mammalian fossil record and abundant stone-artifact-bearing layers. To better understand the mechanisms underlying past climate and environmental changes in the basin, three sediment sections at the Dachangliang location were investigated using a multi-proxy toolbox of sedimentological
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Some characteristics of foreshocks and aftershocks of the 2022 ML6.8 Chihshang, Taiwan, earthquake sequence Front. Earth Sci. (IF 2.9) Pub Date : 2024-03-04 Kou-Cheng Chen, Bor-Shouh Huang, Kwang-Hee Kim, Jeen-Hwa Wang
Foreshocks and aftershocks occurred before and after the ML6.8 (Mw7.0) earthquake in eastern Taiwan on 18 September 2022. We explore the epicentral distribution and temporal variations for the mainshock, foreshocks, and aftershocks. Most of the events were located in the area around the Longitudinal Valley. Most foreshocks occurred around the mainshock, while the aftershocks happened outwards from
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Influence mechanism of the diameter of the energy accumulation hole on the bi-directional cumulative tension blasting Front. Earth Sci. (IF 2.9) Pub Date : 2024-03-04 Xiaohu Zhang, Yijun Jiang, Peng Zhao, Zhifeng Zhao, Xiaobo Hao
This study focuses on evaluating the influence of the energy accumulation hole diameter on bi-directional cumulative tension blasting. Firstly, the penetration depth of bi-directional cumulative tension blasting is determined, followed by an analysis of the corresponding fracture mechanics behavior. Secondly, the Smooth Particle Hydrodynamics (SPH) method is used for numerical analysis of the bi-directional
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Research on loss rules of oil and gas in preserved shale cores after open air exposure Front. Earth Sci. (IF 2.9) Pub Date : 2024-03-01 Jinyou Zhang, Min Wang, Jinbu Li, Zhao Liu, Liang Xu
There is a large amount of oil and gas loss in traditional conventional core samples. Revealing the rules of oil and gas loss is of great significance for restore the pristine oil content and oil component in the shale. In this study, four preserved shale cores with different thermal maturity (Ro = 1.01–1.53%) and different total organic carbon content (TOC = 1.69–5.48 wt.%) were selected. The samples
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Protracted post-glacial hydrocarbon seepage in the Barents Sea revealed by U–Th dating of seep carbonates Front. Earth Sci. (IF 2.9) Pub Date : 2024-03-01 Tobias Himmler, Doris Wagner, Diana Sahy, Sunil Vadakkepuliyambatta, Shyam Chand, Tõnu Martma, Kalle Kirsimäe, Rune Mattingsdal, Giuliana Panieri, Stefan Bünz, Daniel J. Condon, Jochen Knies, Aivo Lepland
The hydrocarbon seepage chronology during deglaciation across the formerly glaciated Barents Sea was established using uranium-thorium (U–Th) dating of seep carbonates. Seep carbonates were sampled with remotely operated vehicles (ROV) from the seafloor at three active hydrocarbon seeps (water depth 156–383 m), located in the north-west (Storfjordrenna), north-central (Storbanken High), and south-west
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Research on characteristics and geological genesis of large-scale deep-seated landslide in tuff formation Front. Earth Sci. (IF 2.9) Pub Date : 2024-02-29 Mengqi Xue, Guangli Xu, Feixiang Yao, Zhuo Ma
In engineering practice, engineers generally treated tuff as a lumpy material with a poorly defined laminated structure and a rock group that was not susceptible to slide failure. Most studies of tuff landslides had focused on small clastic landslides in shallow strata with weathering boundaries and lithologic interfaces as slip surfaces. This paper takes a large-scale, deep-seated tuff landslide on
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Prediction of water inflow and analysis of surrounding rock stability in unfavorable geological mountain tunnel Front. Earth Sci. (IF 2.9) Pub Date : 2024-02-28 Yunjuan Chen, Mengyue Liu, Mengzhen Su, Mingxu Ding, Haolin Li, Yi Jing
During the construction of a mountain tunnel, water inflow and rock instability are common occurrences due to unfavorable geological conditions, posing serious threats to construction safety. This study focuses on a proposed mountain tunnel and employs multiple formulas to predict potential water inflow during excavation. Based on the amount of water inflow and deformation of surrounding rocks, comprehensive
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Dynamic deformation and meso-structure of coarse-grained saline soil under cyclic loading with freeze-thaw cycles Front. Earth Sci. (IF 2.9) Pub Date : 2024-02-27 Qi Wan, Xiaohua Yang, Rui Wang, Zhiheng Zhu
The cumulative deformation properties of subgrade soil under cyclic traffic loads are critical for optimizing pavement structure design and ensuring long-term highway structural performance. This study aims to investigate the coupling effect of freeze-thaw cycles and cyclic loads on the cumulative deformation behaviors and meso-structure of coarse-grained saline soil (CGSS) subgrade filling in high-cold
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Principle and practice of hydraulic softening top-cutting and pressure relief technology in weakly cemented strata Front. Earth Sci. (IF 2.9) Pub Date : 2024-02-27 Tao Wang, Guoyao Xu, Liyuan Liu, Chaoqiang Bai, Weiwei Ye, Lihui Sun
Extremely thick and hard roofs are difficult to break in the mining of a working face, and the large area of the suspended roof easily induces a strong ground pressure or dynamic impact disasters. The roof control of a coal mining face in a mine in western China was taken as a case study. The mineral composition, microstructure, and hydrophysical properties of the hard roof overlying the coal seam
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Spatio-temporal characteristics of seismic strain anomalies reveal seismic risk zones along the Longmenshan fault zone and adjacent areas Front. Earth Sci. (IF 2.9) Pub Date : 2024-02-27 Guofu Luo, Yingcai Xu, Hengzhi Luo, Fenghe Ding, Wenjun Li
Introduction: Identifying and quantifying earthquake precursors, and analyzing their physical mechanisms, continues to be a challenge for earthquake forecasting. In this study, orthogonal functions were developed to effectively identify precursor anomalies, thereby improving the forecasting of strong earthquakes.Methods: To study the spatio-temporal contour anomalies in seismic strain fields, we assessed
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Study of 3-D velocity structure characteristics in Dadu river Houziyan reservoir area at different impoundment stages Front. Earth Sci. (IF 2.9) Pub Date : 2024-02-27 Zhenggang Yang, Junxing Cao, Yuchuan Wu, Juan Qin, Huibao Huang, Xingzhong Du, Mingxing Yang, Jianchao Wu
High-resolution three-dimensional VP, VS and VP/VS images in the Houziyan Reservoir Area were obtained by using Fast Marching Tomography Package (FMTOMO) with the travel time data from 6330 seismic events monitored by the Houziyan Reservoir Seismic Network. This analysis yielded the 3-D velocity structure, including longitudinal wave velocity (VP), shear wave velocity (VS), and the ratio of longitudinal
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Diagenetic controls over reservoir quality of tight sandstone in the lower Jurassic reservoir in the Lenghu area, the north margin of Qaidam basin Front. Earth Sci. (IF 2.9) Pub Date : 2024-02-26
The Lower Jurassic Reservoir (LJR) in the Lenghu area on the northern margin of the Qaidam Basin (NMoQB) has become the most promising target for hydrocarbon exploration. The reservoir has experienced complex diagenesis; however, the porosity evolution and the influence of different diagenesis events on reservoir densification remains unclear. In this study, various analytical methods was first used
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The complex interaction between channel–levee systems and mass transport complexes in the Pliocene–Quaternary Rakhine Basin, offshore Myanmar Front. Earth Sci. (IF 2.9) Pub Date : 2024-02-26 Dali Shao, Guozhang Fan, Hongxia Ma, Haiqiang Wang, Liangbo Ding, Guoping Zuo, Yintao Lu, Xiaoyong Xu
Channel–levee systems (CLSs) and mass transport complexes (MTCs) are prevalent in deep-water basins, yet their interplay remains enigmatic. This study uses high-resolution 3D seismic data to investigate the architecture of CLSs and MTCs, aiming to explore how CLSs influence the distribution of MTCs in the Rakhine Basin, Bay of Bengal. Two models are built to illustrate the interaction between CLSs
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Diagenetic controls over reservoir quality of tight sandstone in the lower Jurassic reservoir in the Lenghu area, the north margin of Qaidam basin Front. Earth Sci. (IF 2.9) Pub Date : 2024-02-26 Wenhuan Li, Dandan Hu, Yuwen Chang, Ya’nan Li, Bin Guo, Qi Shi, Bin Zhang
The Lower Jurassic Reservoir (LJR) in the Lenghu area on the northern margin of the Qaidam Basin (NMoQB) has become the most promising target for hydrocarbon exploration. The reservoir has experienced complex diagenesis; however, the porosity evolution and the influence of different diagenesis events on reservoir densification remains unclear. In this study, various analytical methods was first used
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Soot-on-snow experiment: artificial deposition of light-absorbing particles onto snow surfaces in 2018 Front. Earth Sci. (IF 2.9) Pub Date : 2024-02-26 Jonas Svensson, Leena Leppänen, Henna-Reetta Hannula, Anna Kontu, Yi-cheng Shen, Outi Meinander, Pavla Dagsson-Waldhauserová, Arunas Mesceriakovas, Enna Heikkinen, Meri Ruppel, Olli Sippula, Johan Ström, Eija Asmi, Aki Virkkula
The absorption of shortwave irradiance in snow depends on the physical properties of snow (e.g., snow grain size and shape, liquid water content, etc.) and light-absorbing particles (LAP). Originating from natural and anthropogenic sources, LAP has been reported to accelerate snowmelt significantly in different regions globally. Yet, our process-level understanding of LAP after deposition onto snow
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Research progress and prospects of urban resilience in the perspective of climate change Front. Earth Sci. (IF 2.9) Pub Date : 2024-02-26 Wenjing Wang, Hongbin Wei, Hasmadi Hassan, Xiangyu He
The natural hazards caused by climate change have a significant impact on the production and life of urban residents, enhancing urban resilience is an important way to cope with climate disasters and ensure the safety of urban systems. Based on the “urban resilience” research relevant literature, the paper applies bibliometric analysis software to reveal the research hotspots and evolution trends of
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Research on fault-controlled hydrocarbon accumulation in rifted lacustrine basins based on structural geological modeling: a case study of the Banqiao area in Bohai Bay Basin, China Front. Earth Sci. (IF 2.9) Pub Date : 2024-02-26 Yan Chen, Haitao Liu, Zhenglong Jiang, Jinghui Sun, Changyi Zhao, Wenya Jiang, Xiongying Dong, Hongjun Li
The Banqiao area in the Bohai Bay Basin has experienced three stages of extensional deformation, leading to the formation of numerous fault-bound traps. Faults, acting as boundary conditions for these traps, play a crucial role in hydrocarbon accumulation. In this study, we conducted a 3D structural modeling of the area using high-resolution 3D seismic data and established a fault-reservoir database
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Research on the data-driven inter-well fracture channeling identification method for shale gas reservoirs Front. Earth Sci. (IF 2.9) Pub Date : 2024-02-23 Feng He, Ming Yue, Yibo Zhou, Huaiying He, Wei Jiang, Long Liu, Chao Qian, Pinghua Shu
The issue of inter-well fracture channeling in shale reservoirs is becoming increasingly prominent, significantly impacting the production of nearby wells. Therefore, it is crucial to accurately determine the location of fracture channeling in order to effectively design anti-channeling measures and optimize reservoir fracturing. In this paper, a data-driven fracture propagation model and fracture
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Time series subsidence evaluation using NSBAS InSAR: a case study of twin megacities (Rawalpindi and Islamabad) in Pakistan Front. Earth Sci. (IF 2.9) Pub Date : 2024-02-23 Waqar Ali Zafar, Farhan Javed, Rizwan Ahmed, Muhammad Ali Shah, Mahmood Ahmad, Muhammad Younis Khan, Gamil M. S. Abdullah, Daud Khan, Taoufik Najeh, Yaser Gamil
Ground deformation associated with natural and anthropogenic activities can be damaging for infrastructure and can cause enormous economic loss, particularly in developing countries which lack measuring instruments. Remote sensing techniques like interferometric synthetic aperture radar (InSAR) can thus play an important role in investigating deformation and mitigating geohazards. Rawalpindi and Islamabad
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Study on the rock physical mechanical properties evaluation of tight oil reservoir in Chang 7 member, Longdong area, Ordos Basin, China Front. Earth Sci. (IF 2.9) Pub Date : 2024-02-23 Ruifei Wang, Ying Tang
The study aims to investigate the rock mechanical properties of the Chang 7 member tight oil reservoir in the Longdong region of the Ordos Basin, China, with the goal of enhancing the efficiency of oilfield development. Despite numerous contributions in the field of rock mechanics, challenges persist in reconciling experimental results with actual geological conditions and achieving comprehensive understanding
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Large-scale drivers of the exceptionally low winter Antarctic sea ice extent in 2023 Front. Earth Sci. (IF 2.9) Pub Date : 2024-02-23 Monica Ionita
The year 2023 marked a turning point for the Antarctic region as the Southern Hemisphere experienced a significant reduction in its sea ice extent, with a record-breaking sea ice minimum in July 2023 of approximately 2.4 million square kilometers below the long-term average. This study highlights the drivers behind this exceptional event by combining observational, satellite, and reanalysis data, with
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Characteristics and geological significance of early carboniferous soft-sediment deformation structures in the Kushanhe section, southwest Tarim Basin, Northwest China Front. Earth Sci. (IF 2.9) Pub Date : 2024-02-23 Yijun Wang, Guang Yang, Zhenyu Wang, Shunshe Luo
The early Carboniferous Kushanhe Formation and Hantiereke Formation in the Kushanhe section in the piedmont of the southwestern margin of Tarim Basin are in a medium-deep water sedimentary environment with a stratigraphic thickness of more than 500 m, and the sedimentary facies is slope-shelf facies. Among these deposits, soft-sediment deformation structures (SSDS) are common, dominated by various
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The impact of high temperature on mechanical properties and behaviors of sandstone Front. Earth Sci. (IF 2.9) Pub Date : 2024-02-22 Juan Jin, Jiandong Liu, Weixi Chen, Guoping Li, Wei Cheng, Xiaowen Zhang, Yifan Luo
The impact of high temperature environments on the physical and mechanical properties of rocks is a significant factor to consider. The investigation into the impact of elevated temperatures on the physical and mechanical characteristics of rocks holds great importance in the advancement and exploitation of deep-seated mineral reserves, as well as in ensuring the safety and stability of subterranean
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Geomechanical analysis of lost circulation control in tight formations Front. Earth Sci. (IF 2.9) Pub Date : 2024-02-22 Yongle Ma, Lei Wan, Wei Hou, Qinze Xing
Unconventional oil and gas reservoirs, especially that in tight formations, contribute great parts to the global energy. During drilling in tight formations, lost circulation was one of the major problems, which can cause large amount of non operation time and millions of losses. In order to migrate the problem, lost circulation materials (LCMs) were used to prevent reopening of the fracture by isolating
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Variability in geochemical weathering indices in loess over the last full glacial cycle at Karamaidan, central Asia (Tajikistan) Front. Earth Sci. (IF 2.9) Pub Date : 2024-02-22 Andrea Aquino, Giancarlo Scardia, Charlotte Prud’homme, Aditi K. Dave, Marco Lezzerini, Alexandra Engström Johansson, Laurent Marquer, Nosir Safaraliev, Tobias Lauer, Kathryn E. Fitzsimmons
This study presents the first quantitative assessment of weathering conditions in the Tajikistan depression throughout the last full glacial cycle. We employed geochemical and magnetic susceptibility analyses to investigate various weathering indices (WIs), with the CPA and FENG indices identified as the most suitable for this region. Our results confirm the formation of a robust pedocomplex, PS2,
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GIS based flood extent assessment using MODIS satellite remote sensing and spatial analysis Front. Earth Sci. (IF 2.9) Pub Date : 2024-02-22 Afshin Akram, Arifa Tahir, Asifa Alam
Out of all natural catastrophes, floods are one of the most destructive and common occurrences as it affects human lives, economy and environment. Pakistan is prone to flooding because it is greatly affected by climate change. Mianwali region, Pakistan was selected as study area because this region is vulnerable to floods and have been affected by major floods in Pakistan in 2010 and no proper study
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Research and application of macro-micro fracture correlation of heterogeneous granite Front. Earth Sci. (IF 2.9) Pub Date : 2024-02-21 Yunjuan Chen, Jiarui Su, Tao Gao, Yi Jing, Huifu Zhang, Hongjie Duan, Wenbin Zhao
Granite structure has the characteristics of discrete distribution and random distribution of minerals, which is particularly critical to the stability of surrounding rock of underground caverns, and the research process is extremely complicated. In this paper, the granite of Dagangshan tunnel in rock sections of class Ⅲ was taken as the research object, and the mineral composition and proportion,
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Soil degradation in andean watersheds: a case study using remote sensing Front. Earth Sci. (IF 2.9) Pub Date : 2024-02-21 Fernando Oñate-Valdivieso, Arianna Oñate-Paladines, Ricardo Díaz
Soil degradation is one of the greatest challenges faced by arid and semi-arid zones, as it causes a progressive loss of the capacity of soils to sustain life and human activities. In the present study, five spectral indices, individually associated with erosion, desertification, salinity, and soil sealing, were evaluated in a semi-arid region of the Ecuadorian Andes to study of soil degradation. The
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Dynamic response of existing embankment dams in specific geotechnical and seismological conditions: contemporary framework for Serbian national guidelines Front. Earth Sci. (IF 2.9) Pub Date : 2024-02-21 Srđan Kostić, Dragan Rakić, Aleksandar Bodić, Slobodan Nedeljković, Nikola Milivojević
We suggest a new approach for evaluating the dynamic response of existing embankment dams as a guideline for national engineering regulations in Serbia. This novel concept is applied to the case study of the existing embankment dam “Zavoj” (Serbia), built at the place of the previously formed natural dam (due to large landslide activity), and exposed to Mw7.4 Vrančea earthquake and under double impact
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Study on the shear and deformation characteristics of geogrid-reinforced gravelly soils based on large-scale triaxial tests Front. Earth Sci. (IF 2.9) Pub Date : 2024-02-21 Jie Liu, Jiadong Pan, Bin Wang, Changtao Hu, Qinli Liu
Geogrid reinforcement has a limiting effect on the lateral deformation and thus improves the shear strength of the soil, the overall strength of the soil and the overall stability of the corresponding geotechnical structure. In this study, large-scale triaxial tests without and with geogrid reinforcement were conducted on three typical gravelly soils in Xinjiang using a large-scale triaxial apparatus
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Flocculation characteristics of suspended Mississippi River mud under variable turbulence, water and salt sources, and salinity: a laboratory study Front. Earth Sci. (IF 2.9) Pub Date : 2024-02-21 Ehsan Abolfazli, Ryan Osborn, Kieran B. J. Dunne, Jeffrey A. Nittrouer, Kyle Strom
Muddy sediment constitutes a major fraction of the suspended sediment mass carried by the Mississippi River. Thus, adequate knowledge of the transport dynamics of suspended mud in this region is critical in devising efficient management plans for coastal Louisiana. We conducted laboratory tank experiments on the sediment suspended in the lower reaches of the Mississippi River to provide insight into
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Characterization of deep ore-forming fluid in the Zhaoxian gold deposit within the Jiaodong gold province: insights from quartz vein fluid inclusion, in-situ trace element analysis, and S isotopic composition in pyrite Front. Earth Sci. (IF 2.9) Pub Date : 2024-02-21 Zheming Zhang, Qingdong Zeng, Hong-Rui Fan, Rui Bai, Jinjian Wu, Xinghui Li, Yongwen Zhang, Liangliang Huang
The Jiaodong gold province, situated in the southeastern margin of the North China Craton, is globally renowned for its substantial gold reserves exceeding 5,000 tonnes. The Zhaoxian gold deposit is part of the significant Jiaojia gold belt within the Jiaodong gold province. Fieldwork has identified four distinct stages of ore formation in this study: an early barren quartz vein stage (Stage 1) containing