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Ultra-low-cost manual soil respiration chamber Geosci. Instrum. Method. Data Syst. (IF 1.5) Pub Date : 2024-03-04 Bartosz M. Zawilski, Vincent Bustillo
Abstract. Soil respiration measurement is important to assess natural carbon dioxide production. The closed-chamber technique allows relatively easy soil respiration monitoring. A planned spatially large-scale campaign incites us to implement our ultra-low-cost portative chamber. The chamber itself is entirely built from commercial parts with little, easy-to-perform, quick machining work. The resulting
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Automated static magnetic cleanliness screening for the TRACERS small-satellite mission Geosci. Instrum. Method. Data Syst. (IF 1.5) Pub Date : 2024-02-21 Cole J. Dorman, Chris Piker, David M. Miles
Abstract. The Tandem Reconnection and Cusp Electrodynamics Reconnaissance Satellites (TRACERS) Small Explorers mission requires high-fidelity magnetic field measurements for its magnetic reconnection science objectives and for its technology demonstration payload Magnetometers for Innovation and Capability (MAGIC). TRACERS needs to minimize the local magnetic noise through a magnetic cleanliness program
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An optimized and hybrid gating scheme for the suppression of very low-frequency radios in transient electromagnetic systems Geosci. Instrum. Method. Data Syst. (IF 1.5) Pub Date : 2024-02-13 Smith Kashiram Khare, Paul McLachlan, Pradip Kumar Maurya, Jakob Juul Larsen
Abstract. One of the most widely used approaches for measuring the earth's subsurface resistivity is the transient electromagnetic (TEM) method. However, noise and interference from different sources, e.g., radio communication, the instrument, the atmosphere, and power lines, severely taint these types of signals. In particular, radio transmission in the very low-frequency (VLF) range between 3 and
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Enabling In-Situ Magnetic Interference Mitigation Algorithm Validation via a Laboratory-Generated Dataset Geosci. Instrum. Method. Data Syst. (IF 1.5) Pub Date : 2024-02-08 Matthew G. Finley, Allison M. Flores, Katherine J. Morris, Robert M. Broadfoot, Sam Hisel, Jason Homann, Chris Piker, Ananya Sen Gupta, David M. Miles
Abstract. Magnetometer measurements are one of the critical components necessary to improve our understanding of the intricate physical processes coupling mass, momentum, and energy within near-Earth space and throughout our solar system. However, these measurements are often contaminated by stray magnetic fields from the spacecraft hosting the magnetic field sensors, and the data often requires the
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Macapá, a Brazilian equatorial magnetometer station: installation, data availability and methods for temperature correction Geosci. Instrum. Method. Data Syst. (IF 1.5) Pub Date : 2024-02-01 Cristiano Mendel Martins, Katia Jasbinschek Pinheiro, Achim Ohlert, Jürgen Matzka, Marcos Vinicius da Silva, Reynerth Pereira da Costa
Abstract. In the last 60 years, the largest displacement of the magnetic equator (by about 1100 km northwards) occurred in the Brazilian longitudinal sector. The magnetic equator passed by Tatuoca magnetic observatory (TTB) in northern Brazil in 2012 and continues to move northward. Due to the horizontal geomagnetic field geometry at the magnetic equator, enhanced electric currents in the ionosphere
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First In Situ Measurements of the Prototype Tesseract Fluxgate Magnetometer on the ACES-II Low Sounding Rocket Geosci. Instrum. Method. Data Syst. (IF 1.5) Pub Date : 2024-01-25 Kenton Greene, Scott R. Bounds, Robert M. Broadfoot, Connor Feltman, Samuel J. Hisel, Ryan M. Krauss, Amanda Lasko, Antonio Washington, David M. Miles
Abstract. Ongoing innovation in next generation fluxgate magnetometry is important for enabling future investigations of space plasma, especially multi-spacecraft experimental studies of energy transport in the magnetosphere and the solar wind. Demonstrating the spaceflight capability of novel designs is an important step in the instrument development process; however, large-scale satellite missions
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Improving the Magic constant – data-based calibration of phased array radars Geosci. Instrum. Method. Data Syst. (IF 1.5) Pub Date : 2024-01-17 Theresa Rexer, Björn Gustavsson, Juha Vierinen, Andres Spicher, Devin Ray Huyghebaert, Andreas Kvammen, Robert Gillies, Asti Bhatt
Abstract. We present two methods for improved calibration of multi-point electron density measurements from incoherent scatter radars (ISR). They are based on the well-established Flatfield correction method used in imaging and photography, where we exploit the analogy between independent measurements in separate pixels in one image sensor and multi-beam radar measurements. Applying these correction
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Testing a novel sensor design to jointly measure cosmic-ray neutrons, muons and gamma rays for non-invasive soil moisture estimation Geosci. Instrum. Method. Data Syst. (IF 1.5) Pub Date : 2024-01-16 Stefano Gianessi, Matteo Polo, Luca Stevanato, Marcello Lunardon, Till Francke, Sascha E. Oswald, Hami Said Ahmed, Arsenio Toloza, Georg Weltin, Gerd Dercon, Emil Fulajtar, Lee Heng, Gabriele Baroni
Abstract. Cosmic-ray neutron sensing (CRNS) has emerged as a reliable method for soil moisture and snow estimation. However, the applicability of this method beyond research has been limited due to, among others, the use of relatively large and expensive sensors. This paper presents the tests conducted on a new scintillator-based sensor especially designed to jointly measure neutron counts, muons and
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Gas equilibrium membrane inlet mass spectrometry (GE-MIMS) for water at high pressure Geosci. Instrum. Method. Data Syst. (IF 1.5) Pub Date : 2024-01-12 Matthias S. Brennwald, Antonio P. Rinaldi, Jocelyn Gisiger, Alba Zappone, Rolf Kipfer
Abstract. Gas species are widely used as natural or artificial tracers to study fluid dynamics in environmental and geological systems. The recently developed gas equilibrium membrane inlet mass spectrometry (GE-MIMS) method is most useful for accurate and autonomous on-site quantification of dissolved gases in aquatic systems. GE-MIMS works by pumping water through a gas equilibrator module containing
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Accuracy of the Scalar Magnetometer aboard ESA's JUICE Mission Geosci. Instrum. Method. Data Syst. (IF 1.5) Pub Date : 2024-01-08 Christoph Amtmann, Andreas Pollinger, Michaela Ellmeier, Michele Dougherty, Patrick Brown, Roland Lammegger, Alexander Betzler, Martín Agú, Christian Hagen, Irmgard Jernej, Josef Wilfinger, Richard Baughen, Alex Strickland, Werner Magnes
Abstract. The paper discusses the accuracy of the scalar Coupled Dark State Magnetometer on board the Jupiter Icy Moon Explorer (JUICE) mission of the European Space Agency. The scalar magnetometer, referred to as MAGSCA, is part of the J-MAG instrument. MAGSCA is an optical, omni-directional scalar magnetometer based on coherent population trapping, a quantum interference effect, within the hyperfine
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Analysis of geomagnetic observatory data and detection of geomagnetic jerks with the MOSFiT software package Geosci. Instrum. Method. Data Syst. (IF 1.5) Pub Date : 2023-12-18 Marcos Vinicius da Silva, Katia J. Pinheiro, Achim Ohlert, Jürgen Matzka
Abstract. MOSFiT (Magnetic Observatories and Stations Filtering Tool) is a Python package to visualize and filter data from magnetic observatories and magnetometer stations. The purpose of MOSFiT is to automatically isolate and analyze the secular variation (SV) information measured by geomagnetic observatory data. External field contributions may be reduced by selecting data according to local time
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3D-printed Ag–AgCl electrodes for laboratory measurements of self-potential Geosci. Instrum. Method. Data Syst. (IF 1.5) Pub Date : 2023-12-15 Thomas S. L. Rowan, Vilelmini A. Karantoni, Adrian P. Butler, Matthew D. Jackson
Abstract. This paper details the design, development, and evaluation of a 3D-printed rechargeable Ag–AgCl electrode to measure self-potential (SP) in laboratory experiments. The challenge was to make a small, cheap, robust, and stable electrode that could be used in a wide range of applications. The new electrodes are shown to offer comparable performance to custom-machined laboratory standards, and
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The development of a reference corner cube inertial suspension device Geosci. Instrum. Method. Data Syst. (IF 1.5) Pub Date : 2023-12-06 Bing Zhang, Xiaoyi Zhu, Qiong Wu, Bing Xue, Lili Xing, Yanxiong Wu, Peng Su, Xiaolei Wang, Yuru Wang, Shuaibo Zhao
Abstract. The seismometer synchronous observation and zero crossing methods are applied to laser interferometer absolute gravimeter to suppress the vibration interference. However, during the synchronous observation of the seismometer and the gravimeter, the observation point of the seismometer does not coincide with the reference corner cube in space, resulting in spatial dislocation, which cannot
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Daedalus Ionospheric Profile Continuation (DIPCont): Monte Carlo studies assessing the quality of in situ measurement extrapolation Geosci. Instrum. Method. Data Syst. (IF 1.5) Pub Date : 2023-12-01 Joachim Vogt, Octav Marghitu, Adrian Blagau, Leonie Pick, Nele Stachlys, Stephan Buchert, Theodoros Sarris, Stelios Tourgaidis, Thanasis Balafoutis, Dimitrios Baloukidis, Panagiotis Pirnaris
Abstract. In situ satellite exploration of the lower thermosphere–ionosphere system (LTI) as anticipated in the recent Daedalus mission proposal to ESA will be essential to advance the understanding of the interface between the Earth's atmosphere and its space environment. To address physical processes also below perigee, in situ measurements are to be extrapolated using models of the LTI. Motivated
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A VLF/LF facility network for preseismic electromagnetic investigations Geosci. Instrum. Method. Data Syst. (IF 1.5) Pub Date : 2023-11-30 Patrick H. M. Galopeau, Ashanthi S. Maxworth, Mohammed Y. Boudjada, Hans U. Eichelberger, Mustapha Meftah, Pier F. Biagi, Konrad Schwingenschuh
Abstract. Earthquakes are one of the most frequently occurring natural disasters. Many indications have been collected on the presence of seismo-ionospheric perturbations preceding such tragic phenomena. Radio techniques are the essential tools leading the detection of seismo-electromagnetic emissions by monitoring at very low-frequency (VLF, 3–30 kHz) and low-frequency (LF, 30–300 kHz) sub-ionospheric
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A new tool for the estimation of Ground-Based InSAR acquisition characteristics before starting installation and monitoring survey Geosci. Instrum. Method. Data Syst. (IF 1.5) Pub Date : 2023-11-21 Charlotte Wolff, Marc-Henri Derron, Carlo Rivolta, Michel Jaboyedoff
Abstract. Synthetic Aperture Radar (SAR) acquisition can be performed from satellites or from the ground by means of a so-called GB-InSAR (Ground-Based Interferometry SAR), but the signal emission and the output image geometry slightly differ between the two acquisition modes. Those differences are rarely mentioned in the literature. This paper proposes to compare satellite and GB-InSAR in terms of
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Ultra-low-cost manual soil respiration chamber Geosci. Instrum. Method. Data Syst. (IF 1.5) Pub Date : 2023-11-14 Bartosz Zawilski, Vincent Bustillo
Abstract. Soil respiration measurement is important to assess natural carbon dioxide production. The closed chamber technique allows relatively easy soil respiration monitoring. A planned spatially large-scale campaign incites us to implement our ultra-low-cost portative chamber The chamber itself is entirely built from commercial parts with little, easy-to-make, quick machining work. The resulting
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Research and application of small-diameter hydraulic fracturing in-situ stress measurement system Geosci. Instrum. Method. Data Syst. (IF 1.5) Pub Date : 2023-11-13 Yimin Liu, Mian Zhang, Yixuan Li, Shuai Lu, Huan Chen
Abstract. Observation and estimation of the stress state in the deep crust is a crucial challenge in in-situ stress measurement work. Hydraulic fracturing method is an important borehole-based technique for absolute in-situ stress measurement. The small-diameter hydraulic fracturing in-situ stress measurement system described in this article consists mainly of underground measurement components (serial
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Research and application of flexible measuring array for deep displacement of landslide Geosci. Instrum. Method. Data Syst. (IF 1.5) Pub Date : 2023-11-09 Yang Li, Zhong Li, Qifeng Guo, Yimin Liu, Daji Zhang
Abstract. The multi-dimensional and multi-sliding surface measurement of deep-seated displacement on landslides poses a significant technical challenge in landslide monitoring and early warning. The fixed borehole inclinometer serves as an important measurement method based on drilling for this purpose. In this study, a novel flexible measurement array for deep-seated landslide displacement and its
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A Distributed Temperature Sensing based soil temperature profiler Geosci. Instrum. Method. Data Syst. (IF 1.5) Pub Date : 2023-10-27 Bart Schilperoort, César Jiménez Rodríguez, Bas Van de Wiel, Miriam Coenders-Gerrits
Abstract. Storage of heat in the soil is one of the main components of the energy balance, and is essential in studying the land-atmosphere heat exchange. However, its measurement proves to be difficult, due to (vertical) soil heterogeneity and sensors easily disturbing the soil. Improvements in precision and resolution of Distributed Temperature Sensing (DTS) equipment has resulted in widespread use
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An Optimized and Hybrid Gating Scheme for the Suppression of Very Low Frequency Radios in Transient Electromagnetic Systems Geosci. Instrum. Method. Data Syst. (IF 1.5) Pub Date : 2023-10-24 Smith K. Khare, Paul McLachlan, Pradip Kumar Maurya, Jakob Juul Larsen
Abstract. One of the most used approaches for measuring the earth's subsurface resistivity is the transient electromagnetic method (TEM). However, noise and interference from different sources, e.g., radio communication, the instrument, the atmosphere, and powerlines severely taint these types of signals. In particular, radio transmission in the very low-frequency (VLF) range between 3 kHz and 30 kHz
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Copper permalloys for fluxgate magnetometer sensors Geosci. Instrum. Method. Data Syst. (IF 1.5) Pub Date : 2023-09-28 B. Barry Narod, David M. Miles
Abstract. Fluxgate magnetometers are commonly used to provide high-fidelity vector magnetic field measurements. The magnetic noise of the measurement is typically dominated by that intrinsic to a ferromagnetic core used to modulate (gate) the local field as part of the fluxgate sensing mechanism. A polycrystalline molybdenum-nickel-iron alloy (6.0–81.3 Mo Permalloy) has been used in fluxgates since
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Feasibility of cell-phone camera Raman spectrometer for geological samples identification in field or mobile situations Geosci. Instrum. Method. Data Syst. (IF 1.5) Pub Date : 2023-09-25 Dinesh Dhankhar, Matthew Wehner
Abstract. This note demonstrates the feasibility of integrating a Raman spectrometer in a cellphone (mobile phone) using its camera for identifying common minerals in different geologic materials. The cell phone modification is low cost (∼ $50 USD) and can be constructed by individuals, thus opening up the possibilities for "democratizing" Raman spectrometry in the geosciences and make it possible
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New proglacial meteorology and river stage observations from Inglefield Land and Pituffik, NW Greenland Geosci. Instrum. Method. Data Syst. (IF 1.5) Pub Date : 2023-09-22 Sarah E. Esenther, Laurence C. Smith, Adam LeWinter, Lincoln H. Pitcher, Brandon T. Overstreet, Aaron Kehl, Cuyler Onclin, Seth Goldstein, Jonathan C. Ryan
Abstract. Meltwater runoff from the Greenland ice sheet (GrIS) is an important contributor to global sea level rise, but substantial uncertainty exists in its measurement and prediction. Common approaches for estimating ice sheet runoff are in situ gauging of proglacial rivers draining the ice sheet and surface mass balance (SMB) modeling. To obtain hydrological and meteorological data sets suitable
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An underground drip water monitoring network to characterize rainfall recharge of groundwater at different geologies, environments, and climates across Australia Geosci. Instrum. Method. Data Syst. (IF 1.5) Pub Date : 2023-09-19 Andy Baker, Margaret Shanafield, Wendy Timms, Martin Sogaard Andersen, Stacey Priestley, Marilu Melo Zurita
Abstract. Understanding when and why groundwater recharge occurs is of fundamental importance for the sustainable use of this essential freshwater resource for humans and ecosystems. However, accurately capturing this component of the water balance is widely acknowledged to be a major challenge. Direct physical measurement identifying when groundwater recharge is occurring is possible by utilizing
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Verification and calibration of a commercial anisotropic magnetoresistive magnetometer by multivariate non-linear regression Geosci. Instrum. Method. Data Syst. (IF 1.5) Pub Date : 2023-09-15 Nicholas Belsten, Mary Knapp, Rebecca Masterson, Cadence Payne, Kristen Ammons, Frank D. Lind, Kerri Cahoy
Abstract. Commercially available anisotropic magnetoresistive (AMR) magnetometers exhibit on the order of 1 nanotesla (nT) sensitivity in small size, weight, and power (SWaP) packages. However, AMR magnetometer accuracy is diminished by properties such as static offsets, gain uncertainty, off-axis coupling, and temperature effects. This work presents a measurement of the magnitude of these effects
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Research on online data transmission technology in a marine controlled-source electromagnetic transmitter Geosci. Instrum. Method. Data Syst. (IF 1.5) Pub Date : 2023-09-04 Chentao Wang, Ming Deng, Nini Duan, Xiaoxi Ma, Meng Wang
Abstract. This paper proposes a method for acquiring complete status information and data from the marine controlled-source electromagnetic (MCSEM) transmitter during offshore experiments. The subordinate machine system is constructed on the STM32 platform and incorporates a real-time operating system. It utilizes the internet of things (IoT) concept to interconnect various modules within the transmitter
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Collaborative development of the Lidar Processing Pipeline (LPP) for retrievals of atmospheric aerosols and clouds Geosci. Instrum. Method. Data Syst. (IF 1.5) Pub Date : 2023-08-25 Juan Vicente Pallotta, Silvânia Alves de Carvalho, Fabio Juliano da Silva Lopes, Alexandre Cacheffo, Eduardo Landulfo, Henrique Melo Jorge Barbosa
Abstract. Atmospheric lidars can simultaneously measure clouds and aerosols with high temporal and spatial resolution and hence help understand cloud–aerosol interactions, which are the source of major uncertainties in future climate projections. However, atmospheric lidars are typically custom-built, with significant differences between them. In this sense, lidar networks play a crucial role as they
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Towards affordable 3D physics-based river flow rating: application over the Luangwa River basin Geosci. Instrum. Method. Data Syst. (IF 1.5) Pub Date : 2023-08-21 Hubert T. Samboko, Sten Schurer, Hubert H. G. Savenije, Hodson Makurira, Kawawa Banda, Hessel Winsemius
Abstract. Uncrewed aerial vehicles (UAVs), affordable precise global navigation satellite system hardware, multi-beam echo sounders, open-source 3D hydrodynamic modelling software, and freely available satellite data have opened up opportunities for a robust, affordable, physics-based approach to monitoring river flows. Traditional methods of river discharge estimation are based on point measurements
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New ring shear deformation apparatus for three-dimensional multiphase experiments: first results Geosci. Instrum. Method. Data Syst. (IF 1.5) Pub Date : 2023-08-18 Shae McLafferty, Haley Bix, Kyle Bogatz, Jacqueline E. Reber
Abstract. Multiphase deformation, where a solid and fluid phase deform simultaneously, plays a crucial role in a variety of geological hazards, such as landslides, glacial slip, and the transition from earthquakes to slow slip. In all these examples, a continuous, viscous, or fluid-like phase is mixed with a granular or brittle phase, where both phases deform simultaneously when stressed. Understanding
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Improving relative humidity measurements on Mars: New laboratory calibration measurements Geosci. Instrum. Method. Data Syst. (IF 1.5) Pub Date : 2023-08-17 Maria Hieta, Iina Jaakonaho, Jouni Polkko, Andreas Lorek, Stephen Garland, Jean-Pierre de Vera, Maria Genzer, Ari-Matti Harri
Abstract. In this paper we present new calibration measurements that have been performed with the ground reference models of the relative humidity instruments of the MSL, Mars 2020 and ExoMars missions. All instruments are based on capacitive sensor head technology, and they are developed, manufactured and tested by The Finnish Meteorological Institute (FMI). Calibration of capacitive humidity sensors
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Verifying triple and single Doppler lidar wind measurements with sonic anemometer data based on a new filter strategy for virtual tower measurements Geosci. Instrum. Method. Data Syst. (IF 1.5) Pub Date : 2023-08-09 Kevin Wolz, Christopher Holst, Frank Beyrich, Eileen Paeschke, Matthias Mauder
Abstract. In this study, we compare the wind measurements of a virtual tower triple Doppler lidar setup to those of a sonic anemometer located at a height of 90 m above ground on an instrumented tower and with those of two single Doppler lidars to evaluate the effect of the horizontal homogeneity assumption used for single Doppler lidar applications on the measurement accuracy. The triple lidar setup
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Gas-Equilibrium Membrane Inlet Mass Spectrometery (GE-MIMS) for water at high pressure Geosci. Instrum. Method. Data Syst. (IF 1.5) Pub Date : 2023-08-08 Matthias S. Brennwald, Antonio P. Rinaldi, Jocelyn Gisiger, Alba Zappone, Rolf Kipfer
Abstract. Gas species are widely used as natural or artificial tracers to study fluid dynamics in environmental and geological systems. The recently developed gas-equilibrium membrane-inlet mass spectrometry (GE-MIMS) method is most useful for accurate and autonomous on-site quantification of dissolved gases in aquatic systems. GE-MIMS works by pumping water through a gas equilibrator module containing
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A Hydrate Reservoir Renovation Device and Its Application in Nitrogen Bubble Fracturing Geosci. Instrum. Method. Data Syst. (IF 1.5) Pub Date : 2023-08-02 Jingsheng Lu, Yuanxin Yao, Dongliang Li, Jinhai Yang, Deqing Liang, Yiqun Zhang, Decai Lin, Kunlin Ma
Abstract. Natural gas hydrate (GH) is a significant potential energy source due to its large reserves, wide distribution, high energy density and low pollution. However, the gas production rate of past gas hydrate production tests is much lower than the requirement of commercial gas production. Reservoir stimulation technologies like hydraulic fracture provide one potential approach to enhance gas
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Design and performance of the Hotrod melt-tip ice-drilling system Geosci. Instrum. Method. Data Syst. (IF 1.5) Pub Date : 2023-07-14 William Colgan, Christopher Shields, Pavel Talalay, Xiaopeng Fan, Austin P. Lines, Joshua Elliott, Harihar Rajaram, Kenneth Mankoff, Morten Jensen, Mira Backes, Yunchen Liu, Xianzhe Wei, Nanna B. Karlsson, Henrik Spanggård, Allan Ø. Pedersen
Abstract. We introduce the design and performance of an electrothermal ice-drilling system designed to insert a temperature sensor cable into ice. The melt tip is relatively simple and low-cost, designed for a one-way trip to the ice–bed interface. The drilling system consists of a melt tip, umbilical cable, winch, interface, power supply, and support items. The melt tip and the winch are the most
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Making geoscientific lab data FAIR: A conceptual model for a geophysical laboratory database Geosci. Instrum. Method. Data Syst. (IF 1.5) Pub Date : 2023-07-13 Sven Nordsiek, Matthias Halisch
Abstract. The term of geoscientific laboratory measurements involves a variety of methods in geosciences. Accordingly, the resulting data comprise many different data types, formats, and sizes, respectively. Handling such a diversity of data, e.g., by storing the data in a generally applicable database, is difficult. Some discipline-specific approaches exist, but a geoscientific laboratory database
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Development of a power station unit in a distributed hybrid acquisition system of seismic and electrical methods based on the narrowband Internet of Things (NB-IoT) Geosci. Instrum. Method. Data Syst. (IF 1.5) Pub Date : 2023-07-05 Feng Guo, Qisheng Zhang, Shenghui Liu
Abstract. In this paper, we propose a new type of power station unit with wireless data transmission capability. This work breaks the limitation that conventional equipment is unable to upload data directly to a central unit. Based on that, a novel distributed geophysical data acquisition architecture is also proposed, enhancing the work efficiency by simplifying the system structure while maintaining
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A High Duty Cycle Transmitter Unit for Steady-State Surface NMR Instruments Geosci. Instrum. Method. Data Syst. (IF 1.5) Pub Date : 2023-06-29 Nikhil B. Gaikwad, Lichao Liu, Matthew P. Griffiths, Denys Grombacher, Jakob Juul Larsen
Abstract. Groundwater measurements using surface nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) have been notoriously challenged by a poor signal-to-noise ratio (SNR), but a new steady-state methodology based on long, high duty cycle, phase-locked pulse trains have demonstrated huge SNR increases. The hardware requirements for transmitters for steady-state surface NMR are significantly increased compared to transmitters
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Analysis of geomagnetic observatory data and detection of geomagnetic jerks with the MOSFiT software package Geosci. Instrum. Method. Data Syst. (IF 1.5) Pub Date : 2023-06-13 Marcos Vinicius da Silva, Katia Pinheiro, Achim Ohlert, Jürgen Matzka
Abstract. MOSFiT (Magnetic Observatories and Stations Filtering Tool) is a python package to visualize and filter data from magnetic observatories and magnetometer stations. The purpose of MOSFiT is to automatically isolate and analyze the secular variation (SV) information measured by geomagnetic observatories data. External field contributions may be reduced by selecting data according to local time
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Research on On-line Data Transmission Technology in Marine Controlled Source Electromagnetic Transmitter Geosci. Instrum. Method. Data Syst. (IF 1.5) Pub Date : 2023-06-09 Chentao Wang, Ming Deng, Nini Duan, Xiaoxi Ma, Meng Wang
Abstract. This paper proposes a method for acquiring complete data from the Marine Controlled Source Electromagnetic (MCSEM) transmitter during offshore experiments. The lower computer's modules are designed with STM32 MCU and μC/OS-II real-time operating system, while the upper computer's software is designed using Python language to match the lower computer. This allows workers on the deck to control
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Calibrating low-cost rain gauge sensors for their applications in IoT infrastructures to densify environmental monitoring networks Geosci. Instrum. Method. Data Syst. (IF 1.5) Pub Date : 2023-05-22 Robert Krüger, Pierre Karrasch, Anette Eltner
Abstract. Environmental observations are crucial for understanding the state of the environment. However, current observation networks are limited in spatial and temporal resolution due to high costs. For many applications, data acquisition with a higher resolution would be desirable. Recently, Internet of Things (IoT) -enabled low-cost sensor systems offer a solution to this problem. While low-cost
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Benefits of using convolutional neural networks for seismic data quality analysis Geosci. Instrum. Method. Data Syst. (IF 1.5) Pub Date : 2023-05-08 Paolo Casale, Alessandro Pignatelli
Abstract. Seismic data represent an excellent source of information and can be used to investigate several phenomena such as earthquake nature, faults geometry, tomography etc. These data are affected by several types of noise that are often grouped into two main classes: anthropogenic and environmental ones. Nevertheless instrumental noise or malfunctioning stations detection is also a relevant step
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Spectral observations at the Canary Island Long-Baseline Observatory (CILBO): calibration and datasets Geosci. Instrum. Method. Data Syst. (IF 1.5) Pub Date : 2023-05-04 Joe Zender, Detlef Koschny, Regina Rudawska, Salvatore Vicinanza, Stefan Loehle, Martin Eberhart, Arne Meindl, Hans Smit, Lionel Marraffa, Rico Landman, Daphne Stam
Abstract. The Canary Island Long-Baseline Observatory (CILBO) is a double-station meteor camera setup located on the Canary Islands operated by ESA's Meteor Research Group since 2010. Observations of meteors are obtained in the visual wavelength band by intensified video cameras from both stations, supplemented by an intensified video camera mounted with a spectral grating at one of the locations.
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Auroral alert version 1.0: two-step automatic detection of sudden aurora intensification from all-sky JPEG images Geosci. Instrum. Method. Data Syst. (IF 1.5) Pub Date : 2023-04-18 Masatoshi Yamauchi, Urban Brändström
Abstract. A sudden and significant intensification of the auroral arc with expanding motion (we call it “local-arc breaking” hereafter) is an important event in many aspects but easy to miss for real-time watching due to its short rise time. To ease this problem, a real-time alert system for local-arc breaking was developed for the Kiruna all-sky camera (ASC) using ASC images in the JPEG format. The
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A VLF/LF facility network for preseismic electromagnetic investigations Geosci. Instrum. Method. Data Syst. (IF 1.5) Pub Date : 2023-04-17 Patrick H. M. Galopeau, Ashanthi S. Maxworth, Mohammed Y. Boudjada, Hans U. Eichelberger, Mustapha Meftah, Pier F. Biagi, Konrad Schwingenschuh
Abstract. Earthquakes are one of the most frequently occurring natural disasters. Many indications have been collected on the presence of seismo-ionospheric perturbations preceding such tragic phenomena. Radio techniques are the essential tools leading the detection of seismo-electromagnetic emissions by monitoring at very low frequency (VLF, 3–30 kHz) and low frequency (LF, 30–300 kHz) sub-ionospheric
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Development of an expendable current profiler based on modulation and demodulation Geosci. Instrum. Method. Data Syst. (IF 1.5) Pub Date : 2023-04-14 Keyu Zhou, Qisheng Zhang, Guangyuan Chen, Zucan Lin, Yunliang Liu, Pengyu Li
Abstract. We designed a low-cost expandable current profiler (XCP) including software and hardware. An XCP is an observation instrument that rapidly measures currents based on the principle that currents cut the geomagnetic field to induce electric fields. The cost of an XCP must be reduced because it is a single-use device. The digitization of the previously developed XCP is carried out underwater
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Verification and Calibration of a Commercial Anisotropic Magnetoresistive Magnetometer by Multivariate Non-linear Regression Geosci. Instrum. Method. Data Syst. (IF 1.5) Pub Date : 2023-03-29 Nicholas Belsten, Mary Knapp, Rebecca Masterson, Cadence Payne, Kristen Ammons, Frank D. Lind, Kerri Cahoy
Abstract. Commercially available anisotropic magnetoresistive (AMR) magnetometers exhibit order 1 nano-Tesla (nT) sensitivity in small size, weight, and power (SWaP) packages. However, AMR magnetometer accuracy is diminished by properties such as static offsets, gain uncertainty, cross-axis coupling, and temperature effects. This work presents a measurement of the magnitude of these effects for a Honeywell
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New Hydrometeorological Observations from Inglefield Land and Thule, NW Greenland Geosci. Instrum. Method. Data Syst. (IF 1.5) Pub Date : 2023-03-16 Sarah E. Esenther, Laurence C. Smith, Adam LeWinter, Lincoln H. Pitcher, Brandon T. Overstreet, Aaron Kehl, Cuyler Onclin, Seth Goldstein, Jonathan C. Ryan
Abstract. Meltwater runoff from the Greenland Ice Sheet (GrIS) is an important contributor to global sea level rise, but substantial uncertainty exists in its measurement and prediction. Common approaches for estimating ice sheet runoff are in situ gauging of proglacial rivers draining the ice sheet, and surface mass balance (SMB) modeling. To obtain hydrological and meteorological datasets suitable
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3D-printed Ag-AgCl Electrodes for Laboratory Measurements of Self-Potential Geosci. Instrum. Method. Data Syst. (IF 1.5) Pub Date : 2023-02-28 Thomas S. L. Rowan, Vilelmini A. Karantoni, Adrian P. Butler, Matthew D. Jackson
Abstract. This paper details the design, development and evaluation of a 3D printed, rechargeable, Ag-AgCl electrode to measure Self-Potential (SP) in laboratory experiments. The challenge was to make a small, cheap, robust and stable electrode that could be used in a wide range of applications. The new electrodes are shown to offer comparable performance with custom-machined laboratory standards,
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Development of a power station unit in a distributed hybrid acquisition system of seismic and electrical methods based on NB-IoT Geosci. Instrum. Method. Data Syst. (IF 1.5) Pub Date : 2023-02-10 Feng Guo, Qisheng Zhang, Shenghui Liu
Abstract. In this paper, we propose a new type of power station unit with wireless data transmission capability. This work breaks the limitation that conventional equipment is unable to upload data directly to central unit. Based on that, a novel distributed geophysical data acquisition architecture is also proposed. Designs that realize functions including isolated high-power output, power management
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Calculation of soil water content using dielectric-permittivity-based sensors – benefits of soil-specific calibration Geosci. Instrum. Method. Data Syst. (IF 1.5) Pub Date : 2023-01-30 Bartosz M. Zawilski, Franck Granouillac, Nicole Claverie, Baptiste Lemaire, Aurore Brut, Tiphaine Tallec
Soil water content (SWC) sensors are widely used for scientific studies or for the management of agricultural practices. The most common sensing techniques provide an estimate of volumetric soil water content based on sensing of dielectric permittivity. These techniques include frequency domain reflectometry (FDR), time domain reflectometry (TDR), capacitance and even remote-sensing techniques such
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The land–atmosphere feedback observatory: a new observational approach for characterizing land–atmosphere feedback Geosci. Instrum. Method. Data Syst. (IF 1.5) Pub Date : 2023-01-25 Florian Späth, Verena Rajtschan, Tobias K. D. Weber, Shehan Morandage, Diego Lange, Syed Saqlain Abbas, Andreas Behrendt, Joachim Ingwersen, Thilo Streck, Volker Wulfmeyer
Important topics in land–atmosphere (L–A) feedback research are water and energy balances and heterogeneities of fluxes at the land surface and in the atmospheric boundary layer (ABL). To target these questions, the Land–Atmosphere Feedback Observatory (LAFO) has been installed in southwestern Germany. The instrumentation allows comprehensive and high-resolution measurements from the bedrock to the
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Sample labeling and classification method of hyperspectral remote sensing images based on texture features and semi-supervised learning Geosci. Instrum. Method. Data Syst. (IF 1.5) Pub Date : 2023-01-24 Ansheng Ye, Xiangbing Zhou, Yu Gong, Fang Miao, Huimin Zhao
Abstract. Hyperspectral images contain abundant spectral and spatial information about the earth's surface, labeling data processing and analysis more difficult, as well as the problem of sample labeling. In this paper, local binary pattern (LBP), sparse representation and mixed logistic regression model are introduced, and a sample labeling method based on neighborhood information and priority classifier
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Design and construction of an automated and programmable resistivity meter for shallow subsurface investigation Geosci. Instrum. Method. Data Syst. (IF 1.5) Pub Date : 2023-01-10 Antenor Oliveira Cruz Júnior, Cosme Ferreira da Ponte-Neto, André Wiermann
Geoelectrical resistivity is an excellent method to investigate the structural composition of shallow subsurfaces. However, existing commercial equipment is typically expensive and often requires proprietary accessories and software to provide full system functionality. The objective of this study was to develop a multichannel, modular, automated, and programmable geo-resistivity meter capable of user
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Laboratory measurements of the performances of the Sweeping Langmuir Probe instrument aboard the PICASSO CubeSat Geosci. Instrum. Method. Data Syst. (IF 1.5) Pub Date : 2023-01-05 Sylvain Ranvier, Jean-Pierre Lebreton
The Sweeping Langmuir Probe (SLP) is one of the instruments on board the triple-unit CubeSat PICASSO, an ESA in-orbit demonstrator launched in September 2020, which is flying at about 540 km altitude. SLP comprises four small cylindrical probes mounted at the tip of the solar panels. It aims to perform in situ measurements of the plasma parameters (electron density and temperature together with ion
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Collaborative development of the Lidar Processing Pipeline (LPP) Geosci. Instrum. Method. Data Syst. (IF 1.5) Pub Date : 2022-12-19 Juan V. Pallotta, Silvania Carvalho, Fabio J. S. Lopes, Alexandre Cacheffo, Eduardo Landulfo, Henrique M. J. Barbosa
Abstract. Lidars can simultaneously measure clouds and aerosols with high temporal and spatial resolution and hence help understand their interactions, which are the source of the largest uncertainties in current climate projections. However, lidars are typically custom-built, so there are significant differences between them. In this sense, lidar networks play a crucial role as they coordinate the
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Feasibility of irrigation monitoring with cosmic-ray neutron sensors Geosci. Instrum. Method. Data Syst. (IF 1.5) Pub Date : 2022-12-14 Cosimo Brogi, Heye Reemt Bogena, Markus Köhli, Johan Alexander Huisman, Harrie-Jan Hendricks Franssen, Olga Dombrowski
Accurate soil moisture (SM) monitoring is key in irrigation as it can greatly improve water use efficiency. Recently, cosmic-ray neutron sensors (CRNSs) have been recognized as a promising tool in SM monitoring due to their large footprint of several hectares. CRNSs also have great potential for irrigation applications, but few studies have investigated whether irrigation monitoring with CRNSs is feasible
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Towards Affordable 3D Physics-Based River Flow Rating: Application Over Luangwa River Basin Geosci. Instrum. Method. Data Syst. (IF 1.5) Pub Date : 2022-12-14 Hubert T. Samboko, Sten Schurer, Hubert H.G. Savenije, Hodson Makurira, Kawawa Banda, Hessel Winsemius
Abstract. Unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs), affordable precise Global Navigation Satellite System hardware, echo sounders, open-source 3D hydrodynamic modelling software, and freely available satellite data have opened up opportunities for a robust, affordable, physics-based approach to monitor river flows. In short, the hardware can be used to produce the geometry. 3D hydrodynamic modelling offers
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Drone-towed controlled-source electromagnetic (CSEM) system for near-surface geophysical prospecting: on instrument noise, temperature drift, transmission frequency, and survey set-up Geosci. Instrum. Method. Data Syst. (IF 1.5) Pub Date : 2022-12-08 Tobias Bjerg Vilhelmsen, Arne Døssing
Drone-borne controlled-source electromagnetic (CSEM) systems combine the mobility of airborne systems with the high subsurface resolution in ground systems. As such, drone-borne systems are beneficial at sites with poor accessibility and in areas where high resolution is needed, e.g. for archaeological or subsurface pollution investigations. However, drone-borne CSEM systems are associated with challenges
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Design and operation of a long-term monitoring system for spectral electrical impedance tomography (sEIT) Geosci. Instrum. Method. Data Syst. (IF 1.5) Pub Date : 2022-11-30 Maximilian Weigand, Egon Zimmermann, Valentin Michels, Johan Alexander Huisman, Andreas Kemna
Spectral electrical impedance tomography (sEIT) is increasingly used to characterise the structure of subsurface systems using measurements in the megahertz to kilohertz range. Additionally, hydrogeophysical and biogeophysical processes are characterised and monitored using sEIT. The method combines multiple, spatially distributed, spectroscopic measurements with tomographic inversion algorithms to