Abstract The present research details the remote sensing, geotechnical and seismic aspects of hill slopes in Lower Tons river valley, Garhwal Himalaya, India. The region is a part of Lesser Himalaya and holds religious and strategic importance. The studied span has been a site of slope failures in the past. The remote sensing investigation was used to characterize the geomorphological and hydrological

Abstract Global warming increases the frequency and intensity of extreme rainfall, putting many areas at risk of landslides. Landslide susceptibility assessment is essential to understand the threats and to predict, prevent, and mitigate landslides. In this study, a soil landslide inventory was constructed based on satellite images, topological maps, and extensive field studies. Subsequently, eight

Abstract A risk assessment for storm surge disasters can provide scientific support for coastal management as well as marine disaster prevention and mitigation. By taking the Wenchang City of Hainan Province as a pilot area, a risk assessment approach for typhoon-induced storm surge disasters is introduced in detail in this article. First, a numerical simulation system for storm surge inundation is

Abstract The control method of deformation of large sections of soft rock formations in coal mines is a major problem in mining practice. Taking Wangzhuang Coal Mine in Shanxi Province, China, for example, the support method of large sections of soft rock formations was studied to control the deformation of the top and bottom plates and two gangs, and to obtain the damage of the surrounding rocks at

Abstract The present research intended to assess the robustness of three popular machine learning models, i.e. random forest (RF), boosted regression tree (BRT) and naïve bayes (NB) in spatial gully erosion susceptibility modelling in Jainti River basin, India. A gully inventory map of 208 gullies was prepared through field survey and Google earth imageries. Following the 70/30 ratio, three randomly

Abstract This study investigates the relationship of urban thermal environment (UTE) with various influential factors as well as ecological conditions. The relation between LST and land use and land cover (LULC) changes was explored in terms of remote-sensing (RS) based indices; heat effect contribution index (HECI), Urban thermal field variance index (UTFVI), Surface urban heat island intensity (SUHII)

Abstract This study aims to integrate a broad spectrum of ocean-atmospheric variables to predict sea level variation along West Peninsular Malaysia coastline using machine learning and deep learning techniques. 4 scenarios of different combinations of variables such as sea surface temperature, sea surface salinity, sea surface density, surface atmospheric pressure, wind speed, total cloud cover, precipitation

Abstract Landslide susceptibility maps (LSMs) are generally prepared by integrating multiple prominent thematic layers, including DEM derived products (elevation, slope, and aspect), and other parameters such as lithology, geomorphology, LULC, etc. These parameters can be assigned optimum weights using the analytic hierarchy process (AHP) method, followed by a GIS-based weighted overlay analysis. In

Abstract Earthquake early warning is an effective method to reduce casualties and losses. Based on the theory of compressive sensing, this paper proposes a strong earthquake signal processing architecture based on compressive sensing for difficulties of the acquisition, transmission and storage of massive strong earthquake data that the large-scale earthquake warning systems faced. Based on this, the

Abstract The importance of preserving affected buildings and infrastructures to landslides is a critical problem in some areas. A system that is less invasive than traditional concrete diaphragm walls or piles is proposed in this work. The proposed system consists of the execution of a row of micropiles and anchors with a methodology of calculation based on the Spencer's limit equilibrium method. Micropiles

Abstract Time series landslide displacement is the most critical data set to understand landslide characteristics and infer its future development. To predict landslide displacements and their quantitative uncertainties, a mathematical description of the landslide evolution should be established. This paper proposes a novel hybrid machine-learning model to predict landslide displacements and quantify

Abstract Tamil Nadu (TN)’s South-Eastern coastal plain comprises of 5235 villages/wards, is densely populated (∼2000/km2), and is highly vulnerable to multi-hazard events. Earlier vulnerability case studies carried out in TN utilized district as a unit of analysis, considering mostly the physical parameters. For the first time, the socio-economic vulnerability at the level of micro administrative units

Abstract Lagos, Nigeria’s economic hub and one of Africa’s fastest-growing cities, has experienced remarkable urban growth due to rapid urbanization. The city has recently faced persistent urban flooding due to unsustainable growth and inadequate data for proper planning. Therefore, we analyzed urban growth and land cover change in Lagos, Nigeria, using multi-temporal datasets downloaded from the United

Abstract Developing a system for emergency response and rescue to find injured people within images has been an interest to many researchers. The key challenge is to define a proper feature to describe the human body's appearance. Various features are often extracted from low-level data, such as texture and colour (Zhang et al., Sensors. 19(5):1005, 2020). One of the strong features is the Sector Ring

Abstract Four regression techniques, including two global models (i.e., Poisson and negative binominal) and two geographically weighted regression (GWR) models (i.e., geographically weighted Poisson regression (GWPR) and geographically weighted negative binominal regression (GWNBR)) were used to explore which was the most suitable method for predicting the number of forest fires and to investigate

Abstract Tunnels in the junction of the soft and hard rock always suffer severe damages during the strong earthquakes. This article aims to investigate the seismic effect of the combination of the buffer layer and the steel fibre reinforced concrete (SFRC) linings in tunnel seismic design. Firstly, taking the soft and hard rock junction of Fanjiazhai Tunnel as the research background, the finite difference

Abstract This study proposes a regional landslide early warning system for Idukki (India), using a decisional algorithm. The algorithm forecasts the possibility of occurrence of landslide by comparing the rainfall thresholds with the cumulated rainfall values. The region has suffered severe socio-economic setbacks during the disastrous landslides that happened in 2018 and 2019. Rainfall thresholds

Abstract The strict lockdown measures not only contributed to curbing the spread of COVID-19 infection, but also improved the environmental conditions worldwide. The main goal of the current study was to investigate the co-benefits of COVID-19 lockdown on the atmosphere and aquatic ecological system under restricted anthropogenic activities in South Asia. The remote sensing data (a) NO2 emissions from

Abstract In an era of rapidly changing climate, investigating the impacts of climate parameters on major air pollutants such as Particulate matter (PM10) is imperative to mitigate its adverse effect. This study utilizes Geographic Information System (GIS), a multivariate regression model (MVR) and Pearson correlation analysis to examine the inter-relationship between PM10 and major climate parameters

Abstract Spatial modelling of gully erosion at regional level is very relevant for local authorities to establish successful counter-measures and to change land-use planning. This work is exploring and researching the potential of a genetic algorithm-extreme gradient boosting (GE-XGBoost) hybrid computer education solution for spatial mapping of the susceptibility of gully erosion. The new machine

Abstract Tropical cyclones wreak havoc on the lives of coastal populations, especially in marginalised communities in developing countries where cyclone impacts are disproportionately lethal compared to developed countries. These populations must implement measures that enable them to prepare for, respond to, and recover from cyclone impacts. Using empirical evidence, this study presents a spatio-temporally

Abstract The instability of weak surrounding rock around shallow buried tunnels induced by rainfall is a challenge for tunnel engineering and threatens construction safety. To reveal the influence of rainfall on the rock surrounding a tunnel, the results of experiments on the failure of surrounding rock under different rainfall intensities and durations using a self-developed test system are presented

Abstract This paper utilizes Visible Infrared Imaging Radiometer Suite (VIIRS) nightlights to model damage caused by earthquakes, floods and typhoons in five South East Asian countries (Indonesia, Myanmar, the Philippines, Thailand and Vietnam). For each type of hazard we examine the extent to which there is a difference in nightlight intensity between affected and non-affected cells based on (i) case

Abstract This study performs district and local administrative level multi-hazard zonation of Nepal. As multiple natural hazards are frequent, and their losses are enormous, multi-hazard zonation maps can provide important insights before the occurrence of natural hazards so that effective countermeasures and preparedness efforts can be designed and implemented. To this end, weightage-based multi-hazard

Abstract It is one of the most important problems to judge anchoring force of constant resistant bolt in anchoring support. This involves the properties of rock, binder and bolt material as well as the interaction among them in the process of stress. In this paper, a series of numerical experiments have been carried out by using the software "Real Failure Process Analysis (RFPA)", which is suitable

Abstract Tropical cyclones wreak havoc on the lives of coastal populations, especially in marginalised communities in developing countries where cyclone impacts are disproportionately lethal compared to developed countries. These populations must implement measures that enable them to prepare for, respond to, and recover from cyclone impacts. Using empirical evidence, this study presents a spatio-temporally

Abstract It is one of the most important problems to judge anchoring force of constant resistant bolt in anchoring support. This involves the properties of rock, binder and bolt material as well as the interaction among them in the process of stress. In this paper, a series of numerical experiments have been carried out by using the software "Real Failure Process Analysis (RFPA)", which is suitable

Abstract This study performs district and local administrative level multi-hazard zonation of Nepal. As multiple natural hazards are frequent, and their losses are enormous, multi-hazard zonation maps can provide important insights before the occurrence of natural hazards so that effective countermeasures and preparedness efforts can be designed and implemented. To this end, weightage-based multi-hazard

Abstract The instability of weak surrounding rock around shallow buried tunnels induced by rainfall is a challenge for tunnel engineering and threatens construction safety. To reveal the influence of rainfall on the rock surrounding a tunnel, the results of experiments on the failure of surrounding rock under different rainfall intensities and durations using a self-developed test system are presented

Abstract This paper utilizes Visible Infrared Imaging Radiometer Suite (VIIRS) nightlights to model damage caused by earthquakes, floods and typhoons in five South East Asian countries (Indonesia, Myanmar, the Philippines, Thailand and Vietnam). For each type of hazard we examine the extent to which there is a difference in nightlight intensity between affected and non-affected cells based on (i) case

Abstract As an earthquake occurred in Iburi subprefecture, Japan on September 2018, Sapporo has also been damaged by ground subsidence. Ground subsidence can occur in various area, especially in urban areas causing considerable damage to human lives and properties. Currently, ground subsidence is one of the most important problems all over the world. However, quantitative research about ground subsidence

Abstract Assuming that relative sliding does not occur to the coordinated deformation of bolt/cable and surrounding rock, a constitutive model of coupling effect between bolt/cable and creep surrounding rock is established to study the variation law of anchorage force on surrounding rock with time increasing, the parameters of physical-mechanics of bolt/cable and the mechanical parameters of surrounding

Abstract This study presents geomorphic analysis of Xiadian buried fault in eastern Beijing plain (China), based on the analysis of a Satellite Pour l’Observation de la Terre (SPOT-5) image, a high-resolution digital elevation model (DEM) derived from an unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV) system, SRTM DEM and field investigation. Interpretations of the SPOT-5 image show that the pits always distribute between

Abstract The Yangsan Fault, a NNE-trending strike-slip fault, is a pronounced active structure in the Korean Peninsula which recently generated an earthquake with moment magnitude MW 5.5 (ML 5.8) that was the largest instrumentally recorded event in Korea. High-resolution seismic profiles obtained on a dense grid reveal deformation of Quaternary sequences that indicates the offshore extension of the

Abstract To assess residents’ knowledge of ecological protection in mining areas, an analytical model following the planned behavior theory was developed. Data from China’s Huainan mining area were collected through a questionnaire survey and statistically analyzed through a structural equation model and a resistance diagnosis. Results showed that the relative importance of behavior perception (0.457)

Abstract Droughts can be regarded as one of the most spatially complex geohazards, causing a severe impact on socio-economic aspects. Preparing a comprehensive drought management plan is necessary to mitigate drought risks, and the first step towards achieving it is the preparation of drought vulnerability map. The present study integrates geospatial methods with Fuzzy-Analytical Hierarchy Process

Abstract Earthquake-related studies on seismicity and seismic hazard assessment need a homogenous earthquake catalog for the region studied. A homogenous earthquake catalog for Northeast India region was compiled using derived regional and global empirical relationships between different magnitudes and moment magnitude based on an improved error-corrected methodology suggested in the recent literature

Abstract This study measured the natural radioactivity of 226Ra, 232Th and 40K in 20 granite samples obtained from the Erongo Mountain Belt and Usakos Dome of the Erongo region, Namibia. All the samples were analysed using high purity germanium (HPGe) detector after 30-days to allow for secular equilibrium. The average activity concentrations of 226Ra, 232Th and 40K were 39.22 ± 3.79Bqkg−1, 35.76 ± 17

Abstract Coastal Bangladesh is one of the hotspots of tropical cyclone’s landfall in South Asia. A spatial vulnerability assessment is required to formulate disaster risk reduction strategies. This study develops a comprehensive tropical cyclone vulnerability mapping approach by applying Fuzzy Analytical Hierarchy Process (FAHP) and geospatial techniques and examines the spatial distribution of tropical

Abstract Coal is the major energy source in China. Many coal mines in Southwest China have arranged the excavation roadway system in the Maokou limestone in coal seam floor because of its special hydrogeological conditions. Since karst is widely distributed in Maokou limestone and water-filled karst caves are also developed commonly there, once a strongly water-filled karst cave is exposed during roadway

Abstract The development of underground spaces generates large amounts of construction wastes, which are generally disposed for the landfill outside of the city in China. This study briefly reviewed a landslide tragedy of a CSW landfill in China; Lessons learned from the failure of risk assessment and preventions were discussed, which showed that two challenging strategies are significant for the risk

Abstract Blown sand hazards at the Jieqiong section of the Lhasa–Shigatse railway are severe, and their formation mechanism is unclear. Moreover, sand prevention and control work cannot be carried out. Therefore, the dynamic mechanism of blown sand at the Jieqiong section of the Lhasa–Shigatse Railway was investigated by field observation, laboratory analysis, and calculation. Results show that the

Abstract During late September, 2019 Bihar was struggling with severe flooding problem, which otherwise is marked as a period of flood recession due to withdrawal of south-east monsoons. The present study assess the flood situation using Sentinel-1 SAR images and complements the understanding about the flood event using long term (2000-18) multi-temporal space based flood sensitive proxy indicators

Abstract This study optimized the slope and slope length factor (LS) and crop management factor (P) of the RUSLE model and then introduced the gravity centre model to analyze the spatial–temporal variation patterns of soil erosion in Yellow River Basin from a new perspective. Results showed that: (1) The improved model of RUSLE with optimized factors of LS and P had better applicability in Yellow River

Abstract An Mw6.6 earthquake occurred at 3a.m. on September 6, 2018, in the eastern part of Iburi, Hokkaido. This earthquake killed 41 people, caused a series of service interruptions in Sapporo city. Soil liquefaction and approximately 6000 landslides were triggered. A field investigation was conducted on liquefaction and typical landslides during September 18 to 24, 2018. The liquefaction disaster

Abstract The rapid expansion of human settlement, agricultural land and roads because of population growth in several regions of the world has contributed to the depletion of forest land. In this study, novel ensemble intelligent approaches using bagging, dagging and rotation forest (RTF) as meta classifiers of multilayer perceptron (MLP) were used to predict spatial deforestation probability (DP)

Abstract Forest fires have increased at an alarming rate in recent years, with multiple consequences in Nepal's forest ecosystem and landscapes. The research used remote sensing and GIS technology as well as statistical tools for developing forest fires risk models in two major landscapes of Nepal, i.e., Terai Arc Landscape (TAL) and Chitwan Annapurna Landscape (CHAL). A multi-parametric weighted index

Abstract A numerical time-dependent deformation model of rock by incorporating the stress corrosion model into a three-dimensional discrete element code was established to investigate time-dependent deformation and fracture evolution of surrounding rock around underground excavations with circular, inverted U-shaped and rectangular cross-sections. The mesoscale model input parameters were calibrated

Abstract The primary objective of these studies was to quantitatively assess the ground deformation velocities and rates and their natural and man-made controlling factors as the potential risks along the seismically active 70 km section of buried Baku-Tbilisi-Ceyhan Oil, South Caucasus Gas, Western Route Oil and South Caucasus Pipeline Expansion Gas pipelines in Azerbaijan using Persistent Scatterer

Abstract A combination of Hoek–Brown strength criterion and geological strength index (GSI) rock mass classification is a common method to determine rock mass strength. However, the conventional method involving the determination of disturbance coefficient (D) cannot reflect the anisotropic characteristics of strength of jointed rock mass when considering mining damage. A numerical analysis method

Abstract The present study sought to understand the spatiotemporal characteristics, associated with changes in drought disasters during the Ming and Qing Dynasties in North China. The grade sequence of drought disasters at 21 sites for the given period (1470–1912 AD) in North China was studied herein. An ensemble empirical mode decomposition (EEMD) was used to analyze the multiple time-scales towards

Abstract Energy-absorbing rockbolt is now recognized as an important support element in deep mines around the world. A novel kind of energy-absorbing bolt called J-bolt was developed, which consists of anchoring (damping) module, deformation module, blending module and thread segment. The static pulling loading model and dynamic impact constitutive model of J-bolt were established. The experiment results

Abstract The main purpose of the present study is to compare the results of the integrated models, the weights of evidence (WoE), analytical hierarchical process (AHP) and logistic regression (LR) models combine with a Flow-R model for landslide susceptibility assessment in Ha Giang city, Vietnam and the surrounding areas. First, three landslide susceptibility index (LSI) maps were calculated using

Abstract To investigate the stress-strain relationship of municipal solid waste incineration bottom ash (MSWIBA), taking MSWIBA samples with a dry density of ρd = 1.5 g/cm3 as examples, a series of consolidated drained triaxial tests were carried out on MSWIBA. The test results showed that the stress-strain relationship of MSWIBA showed an obvious strain softening phenomenon when their curing ages

Abstract Gully erosion is the most active hydro-geomorphological phenomenon in the continental areas due to the high erosion rates triggered by the gully system. Monitoring and modelling gully development and gully distribution will contribute to understand landforms evolution and risk assessment. The purpose of the current research is to model head-cut gully erosion susceptibility (HCGES) using support

Abstract A very devastating and long duration wildfire episode occurred in Greece near Athens during 20-25 July 2018. We have investigated particulate matter PM10 and PM2.5; and selected greenhouse gases such as CO2, NO2, SO2, and CH4 which are known to be generated due to the burning of coal, vegetation, and gasoline. There are significant changes in carbon dioxide, methane and carbon monoxide based

Abstract This study aims to improving long-term post-fire environment assessment. It proposes a method for monitoring fire impact using Sentinel-2 satellite data by combining spectral and textural features of land cover types inside a post-fire study sites. Specific objectives were to 1) test stability of the burnt area index for Sentinel-2 (BAIS2) for identification of burn in study sites, 2) investigate

Abstract Ventilation facilities could easily be destroyed by gas explosion in a coal mine and usually lead to the cascade collapse of the entire ventilation system. Altering the ventilation facilities could increase the value of the overpressure peak and the propagation speed of the shock waves. The attenuation law for blast waves in restricted roadway networks was analysed, and calculation models

Abstract The Kalsi-Chakrata road corridor, located in the Lesser Himalayas, experiences several landslides every year, resulting in a considerable amount of damage to roads, assets, and other infrastructure and even loss of lives. During the monsoon season (June–August), the disruption of routes due to landslide resulted in economic losses and barred villagers from accessing critical and essential

Abstract Seismotectonic processes of the Shillong Plateau (SP) have been influenced by the Himalayan orogeny, the India-Burmese subduction, and the Bengal Basin evolution leading to high seismic activity in the region. With a goal of assessing seismic hazards in the SP and providing a scientific information to engineering and disaster risk management communities, a probabilistic seismic hazard analysis