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“Simultaneous optimization model for thinning and harvesting Alnus acuminata and Pinus patula plantations in Southern Ecuador” Scand. J. For. Res. (IF 1.755) Pub Date : 2020-12-23 Liz Valle-Carrión; Patrick Hildebrandt; Luz Maria Castro; Wilman-Santiago Ochoa-Moreno; Thomas Knoke
ABSTRACT Sustainable forest management requires tools to guide optimal silvicultural treatments. Timing and intensity of thinnings and timing of final harvest are key decisions. An Optimized Reforestation Management (herein, an ORM) model was developed to reach the optimal combination of thinning times, thinning intensities and rotation periods for Ecuadorian forest plantations of Alnus acuminata,
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Are wide but selectively logged buffer strips better than narrow ones? Scand. J. For. Res. (IF 1.755) Pub Date : 2020-12-23 Amanda Berrigan; Panu Halme; Maiju Peura; Anna Oldén
ABSTRACT The microclimate of streamside habitats are protected from the effects of logging with buffer strips of retained trees. However, these buffer strips are often narrow due to their financial loss. Wider, selectively logged buffers might protect the microclimate while providing the same economic return. This study investigates the effects of logging on the microclimate and the growth of the bryophyte
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Costs and benefits of seven alternatives for riparian forest buffer management Scand. J. For. Res. (IF 1.755) Pub Date : 2020-12-17 Johan Sonesson; Eva Ring; Lars Högbom; Tomas Lämås; Olof Widenfalk; Sima Mohtashami; Hampus Holmström
ABSTRACT Stand development in riparian forest buffers was simulated for three forest landscapes in Sweden, using data taken from a sample plot inventory along 38 streams. The objectives were: to quantify the effects on wood production and the economy of management alternatives for buffers; and to evaluate the development of important stand structures for buffer functionality. Buffer widths from 0 to
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The impact of beaver dam removal on the chemical properties of water in drainage ditches in peatland forests Scand. J. For. Res. (IF 1.755) Pub Date : 2020-12-09 Zane Kalvīte; Zane Lībiete; Ivars Kļaviņš; Arta Bārdule; Kārlis Bičkovskis
ABSTRACT Despite near-extinction in the nineteenth century, after efficient restoration measures the population of Eurasian beaver (Castor fiber L.) in Latvia currently is viable and growing. While the ecological effect of the species on water quality and biodiversity is generally positive, the high number of animals in production forests often creates challenges for management. Drainage ditches are
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Intensified forestry as a climate mitigation measure alters surface water quality in low intensity managed forests Scand. J. For. Res. (IF 1.755) Pub Date : 2020-12-06 Salar Valinia; Øyvind Kaste; Richard F. Wright
ABSTRACT Climate change has led to a focus on forest management techniques to increase carbon (C) sequestration as a mitigation measure. Fertilisation and increased removal of biomass have been proposed. But these and other forest practices may have undesirable effects on surface water quality. In naturally acid-sensitive areas such as much of Fennoscandia a concern is acidification due to acid deposition
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Changes in soil chemistry and element uptake by Oak seedlings after application of soil amendment Scand. J. For. Res. (IF 1.755) Pub Date : 2020-12-08 Mahya Tafazoli; Seyed Mohammad Hojjati; Pourya Biparva; Yahya Kooch; Norbert Lamersdorf
ABSTRACT The purpose of this study is to investigate the effect of cellulosic wastes and nanoscale zero-valent iron (nZVI) on the soil properties and the nutrient uptake by Quercus castaneifolia C.A.Mey seedlings. The seedlings were planted in pots (unpolluted soil) and cadmium (Cd) was added to the pots in three concentrations (10, 20, 30 mg.kg−1). Cellulosic wastes were mixed with the soil (at the
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Forest inventory inference with spatial model strata Scand. J. For. Res. (IF 1.755) Pub Date : 2020-12-02 Steen Magnussen; Thomas Nord-Larsen
ABSTRACT In design-based model assisted inference from data gathered in a large area forest inventory under a probability sampling design, one should anticipate spatial heterogeneity in the regression coefficients of an assisting model. The consequence of such heterogeneity is that a global estimate of a root mean squared error (RMSE) becomes unsuited for local predictions. With data from the Danish
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Economic utility of 3D remote sensing data for estimation of site index in Nordic commercial forest inventories: a comparison of airborne laser scanning, digital aerial photogrammetry and conventional practices Scand. J. For. Res. (IF 1.755) Pub Date : 2020-12-08 Lennart Noordermeer; Terje Gobakken; Erik Næsset; Ole Martin Bollandsås
ABSTRACT Forest productivity is a crucial variable in forest planning, usually expressed as site index (SI). In Nordic commercial forest inventories, SI is commonly estimated by a combination of aerial image interpretation, field assessment and information obtained from previous inventories. Airborne laser scanning (ALS) and digital aerial photogrammetry (DAP) data can alternatively be used for SI
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Stakeholder perceptions, management and impacts of forestry conflicts in southern Sweden Scand. J. For. Res. (IF 1.755) Pub Date : 2020-12-08 Rikard Jakobsson; Erika Olofsson; Bianca Ambrose-Oji
ABSTRACT Forests are under increasing pressure with increasing risk of conflicts between stakeholder groups with different interests in sustainable forest management (SFM). This study investigated the different dimensions of conflict as perceived by private forest owners and other stakeholders, and the likely impact of these pressures on SFM in a southern Swedish context. Data were collected through
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The impact of beaver dam removal on the chemical properties of water in drainage ditches in peatland forests Scand. J. For. Res. (IF 1.755) Pub Date : 2020-12-09 Zane Kalvīte; Zane Lībiete; Ivars Kļaviņš; Arta Bārdule; Kārlis Bičkovskis
ABSTRACT Despite near-extinction in the nineteenth century, after efficient restoration measures the population of Eurasian beaver (Castor fiber L.) in Latvia currently is viable and growing. While the ecological effect of the species on water quality and biodiversity is generally positive, the high number of animals in production forests often creates challenges for management. Drainage ditches are
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Changes in soil chemistry and element uptake by Oak seedlings after application of soil amendment Scand. J. For. Res. (IF 1.755) Pub Date : 2020-12-08 Mahya Tafazoli; Seyed Mohammad Hojjati; Pourya Biparva; Yahya Kooch; Norbert Lamersdorf
ABSTRACT The purpose of this study is to investigate the effect of cellulosic wastes and nanoscale zero-valent iron (nZVI) on the soil properties and the nutrient uptake by Quercus castaneifolia C.A.Mey seedlings. The seedlings were planted in pots (unpolluted soil) and cadmium (Cd) was added to the pots in three concentrations (10, 20, 30 mg.kg−1). Cellulosic wastes were mixed with the soil (at the
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Stakeholder perceptions, management and impacts of forestry conflicts in southern Sweden Scand. J. For. Res. (IF 1.755) Pub Date : 2020-12-08 Rikard Jakobsson; Erika Olofsson; Bianca Ambrose-Oji
ABSTRACT Forests are under increasing pressure with increasing risk of conflicts between stakeholder groups with different interests in sustainable forest management (SFM). This study investigated the different dimensions of conflict as perceived by private forest owners and other stakeholders, and the likely impact of these pressures on SFM in a southern Swedish context. Data were collected through
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Economic utility of 3D remote sensing data for estimation of site index in Nordic commercial forest inventories: a comparison of airborne laser scanning, digital aerial photogrammetry and conventional practices Scand. J. For. Res. (IF 1.755) Pub Date : 2020-12-08 Lennart Noordermeer; Terje Gobakken; Erik Næsset; Ole Martin Bollandsås
ABSTRACT Forest productivity is a crucial variable in forest planning, usually expressed as site index (SI). In Nordic commercial forest inventories, SI is commonly estimated by a combination of aerial image interpretation, field assessment and information obtained from previous inventories. Airborne laser scanning (ALS) and digital aerial photogrammetry (DAP) data can alternatively be used for SI
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Early nursery tests can lead to substantial genetic gain in Norway spruce field performance Scand. J. For. Res. (IF 1.755) Pub Date : 2020-11-05 Karl-Anders Högberg; Mats Berlin; Andreas Helmersson; Gunnar Jansson
ABSTRACT The effects of early selection in a nursery on field performance were studied in an experiment comprising 2665 cutting-propagated clones of Picea abies (L.) Karst, deriving from 151 half-sib families. The clones were selected from 13,050 seedlings that were evaluated genetically using a randomized block design and measurements of height and growth rhythm in the nursery. The selected clones
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Strategies for deployment of reproductive material under supply limitations – a case study of Norway spruce seed sources in Sweden Scand. J. For. Res. (IF 1.755) Pub Date : 2020-11-03 Jenny Lundströmer; Bo Karlsson; Mats Berlin
ABSTRACT The aim of this study was to analyze and compare the performance of Norway spruce seed sources from Swedish stands of East European origin (SweEast) with material from Swedish (SweSO) and East European (EastSO) seed orchards, and with material from Swedish (SweS) and East European (EastS) unimproved stands. The seed sources were field tested at six locations in southern Sweden and assessed
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Tools for monitoring oak defoliating geometrids – traps for catching males and females Scand. J. For. Res. (IF 1.755) Pub Date : 2020-11-05 Tomasz Jaworski; Lidia Sukovata
ABSTRACT Several insect species, including those belonging to Geometridae, pose serious threats to oak stands, primarily by causing cyclic defoliation and increasing the vulnerability of trees to adverse secondary factors. Our major study goal was to compare the effectiveness of two types of pheromone traps, funnel vs. bucket traps, for capturing Operophtera brumata males, and the effectiveness of
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A reactive nitrogen budget for forest land and wetlands in Latvia and Estonia Scand. J. For. Res. (IF 1.755) Pub Date : 2020-09-30 Arta Bārdule; Arvo Iital; Dagnija Lazdiņa; Ilze Kārkliņa; Zane Lībiete
ABSTRACT Human intervention in global nitrogen cycling has led to excess reactive nitrogen (Nr) flows to the environment, impacting terrestrial ecosystems as well as the quality of the atmosphere and waterbodies. This paper presents the results of a study that quantified and compared the main flows of Nr through forest land and wetlands in Latvia and Estonia using substance flow analysis approach based
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Effect of site preparation under shelterwood on Norway spruce seedlings Scand. J. For. Res. (IF 1.755) Pub Date : 2020-10-08 Elena V. Novichonok; Natalia A. Galibina; Vladimir A. Kharitonov; Anastasia V. Kikeeva; Kseniya M. Nikerova; Irina N. Sofronova; Alexander S. Rumyantsev
ABSTRACT The effect of site preparation (mixed mounding and removal of the humus layer) under a shelterwood of mixed boreal forest along a forest interior-edge gradient on Norway spruce (Picea abies) seedlings was studied two years after planting. Mounds had a positive effect on root development, ectomycorrhiza formation and the absorption of nitrogen (N) and phosphorus (P) in the seedlings, and augmented
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Biocarbon from bark or black pellets as an alternative for coal in steelmaking – techno-economic evaluation Scand. J. For. Res. (IF 1.755) Pub Date : 2020-11-17 Juha Hakala; Petteri Kangas; Lotta Rintala; Timo Fabritius; Pertti Koukkari
ABSTRACT In 2018, global crude steel production was approx. 1.8 gigatonnes while its direct CO2 emissions stood at 2 giga tonnes (2017), representing 23.5% of all direct industrial emissions. Globally iron and steel industry (ISI sector) is the second largest emitter after the cement industry while in Finland and Sweden the ISI sector is the largest industrial source of fossil CO2. Biocarbon received
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An approach for improving firefighting ability of forest road network Scand. J. For. Res. (IF 1.755) Pub Date : 2020-10-12 Fuquan Zhang; Yuzhen Dong; Shuwen Xu; Xubing Yang; Haifeng Lin
ABSTRACT Forest road network plays a key role in shortening the response time of firefighting activities. Therefore, evaluation and improvement of the ability of firefighting of the forest roads are essential. The widely used travel time criterion evaluation showed that firefighters can reach the areas of fires by walking and carrying portable fire equipment. However, the firefighting capability provided
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Stem taper equations for three major conifer species of Northeast China Scand. J. For. Res. (IF 1.755) Pub Date : 2020-11-16 Amna Hussain; Muhammad Khurram Shahzad; Pei He; Lichun Jiang
ABSTRACT Dahurian larch (Larix gmelinii Rupr.), Korean spruce (Picea koraiensis Nakai), and Manchurian fir (Abies nephrolepis Maxim) are valuable tree species of northeast China. Management tools are required for these species to support the industrial and ecological development of forest ecosystems of China. This study aimed to develop taper equations for these species. Five well-known taper equations
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Towards gender equality in family forestry: building self-efficacy together with other female forest owners Scand. J. For. Res. (IF 1.755) Pub Date : 2020-11-12 Katri Hamunen; Hanna Muttilainen; Jukka Tikkanen; Teppo Hujala
ABSTRACT The share of women among forest owners is growing in the traditionally masculine family forest sector. The present study continues the research on women who own forest in the Nordic setting. The focus is on the behaviour and role of rural female forest owners in Finland, as well as on the benefits of peer learning when building self-efficacy as a forest owner. The qualitative data consist
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Leading with the heart and/or the head? Experiences of women student leaders in top world forestry universities Scand. J. For. Res. (IF 1.755) Pub Date : 2020-09-30 Pipiet Larasatie; Taylor Barnett; Eric Hansen
ABSTRACT Women have been historically underrepresented in the forest sector. Given a graying workforce, there is a significant opportunity to diversify the sector via a younger generation entering the industry. To a large extent, the gender situation in the forest sector is influenced by the education of employees in the sector. Therefore, it is beneficial to know the perceptions of women student leaders
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Seed maturation in pollination bags influences the timing of terminal bud set of Norway spruce seedlings Scand. J. For. Res. (IF 1.755) Pub Date : 2020-08-16 Tore Skrøppa; Ragnar Johnskås; Gunnar Haug
Controlled crosses were made on clones in a seed orchard and the pollination bags were kept on the branches until the cones were harvested. Cones after open pollination were collected at the same time. Seedlings from the controlled pollinations, from open pollination of the same maternal parent and from commercial provenances were grown in growth chambers and terminal bud set was recorded after short
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Use of UAV photogrammetric data in forest genetic trials: measuring tree height, growth, and phenology in Norway spruce (Picea abies L. Karst.) Scand. J. For. Res. (IF 1.755) Pub Date : 2020-08-30 Thomas Mørtvedt Solvin; Stefano Puliti; Arne Steffenrem
Phenotyping of genetic resources that are used for development of new improved and adapted forest reproductive materials is costly. Therefore, high-throughput-phenotyping from a standard equipped unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV) with a RGB (red, green, blue) camera was used to develop a canopy height model (CHM) of a dense field trial of 15-year-old trees of Norway spruce. The site represents a typical
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Characterization of native parasitoid community associated with the invasive pest Dryocosmus kuriphilus (Hymenoptera: Cynipidae) in Cantabria (northern Spain) Scand. J. For. Res. (IF 1.755) Pub Date : 2020-09-02 F. Javier Dorado; Juli Pujade-Villar; E. Jordán Muñoz-Adalia; Juan Carlos Vinagrero; Julio J. Diez-Casero; M. Mercedes Fernández-Fernández
A survey of the native parasitoid community was conducted to characterize its possible use as biological control for Asian Chestnut Gall Wasp (ACGW) at two sampling sites in northern Spain. To this end, 500 ACGW galls were collected over five sampling dates between May and July 2017; 250 of them were dissected to estimate the parasitism rates and the remaining 250 galls were placed in emerging rearing
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Litterfall production, carbon and nutrient return to the forest floor in Pinus brutia forests in Turkey Scand. J. For. Res. (IF 1.755) Pub Date : 2020-09-17 Nesat Erkan; Aydin Comez; A. Cem Aydin
In this study, we aimed at investigating carbon and nutrient concentration in litterfall components and calculating the weighted concentrations. Then, we estimated the annual carbon and nutrient return to the forest floor through litterfall. The study was carried out in even-aged stands of Pinus brutia in Antalya, in the South-Western part of Turkey. The litterfall samples were separated into five
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Thinning responses of individual trees in mixed stands of Norway spruce and Scots pine Scand. J. For. Res. (IF 1.755) Pub Date : 2020-08-26 Silke Houtmeyers; Andreas Brunner
Effects of species composition on the growth of Norway spruce – Scots pine mixtures had earlier only been studied in unthinned stands. Individual-tree thinning responses in mixed stands were studied to test for the presence of mixture effects in more open stands. Data were collected from 28 temporary sample plots with varying species proportions in 7 thinned spruce-pine stands on medium fertile sites
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Bioenergy versus forest conservation: a partial equilibrium analysis of the Swedish forest raw materials market Scand. J. For. Res. (IF 1.755) Pub Date : 2020-09-06 Elina Bryngemark
This paper presents an economic assessment of two different policies – both implying an increased demand for forest ecosystem services – and how these could affect the competition for forest raw materials. A forest sector trade model is updated to a new base year (2016), and then employed to analyze the consequences of a more intense use of bioenergy and increased forest conservation in Sweden. These
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Unrecorded volume of Norway spruce timber in cut-to-length harvesting Scand. J. For. Res. (IF 1.755) Pub Date : 2020-09-14 Jiří Dvořák; Radim Löwe; Pavel Natov; Martin Jankovský; Monika Sedmíková
Knowing credible records of harvested timber is in the interest of the forest owner, forest entrepreneur and timber-sector stakeholder. Therefore, the objective of the research was to determine the share of unrecorded Norway spruce timber volume in length allowance on the total timber volume produced by harvester technology in Czechia. We analyzed 176,980 merchantable logs (total volume of 10,333 m3)
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Finnish young adults’ perceptions of the health, well-being and sustainability of wooden interior materials Scand. J. For. Res. (IF 1.755) Pub Date : 2020-09-17 Liina Häyrinen; Anne Toppinen; Ritva Toivonen
Wood as a renewable construction material presents positive human health, well-being and sustainability-related features. Several studies have indicated its lower carbon footprint compared to the main alternative construction materials and its physiological and psychological characteristics have positive impacts on human health. The objective of this study is to investigate how young adults perceive
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Women in forestry in the early twentieth century – new opportunities for young women to work and gain their freedom in a traditional agrarian society Scand. J. For. Res. (IF 1.755) Pub Date : 2020-08-26 Lars Östlund; Alexander Öbom; Amanda Löfdahl; Anna-Maria Rautio
Logging and forestry have traditionally been seen as a purely masculine sphere. The aim of this study is to analyze women’s introduction into and situations in the forestry sector in twentieth century northern Sweden. We interviewed 30 women who worked as cooks between the 1930s and the 1960s, and examined written sources. We found that driving forces behind the emergence of a system involving forestry
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Policy change and National Forest Programs: a Swiss experience of coalitions, external and internal events Scand. J. For. Res. (IF 1.755) Pub Date : 2020-09-22 Jerylee Wilkes-Allemann; Amadea Tschannen; Eva Lieberherr
This article aims to understand policy change by analyzing the external and internal events as well as actor resources, actor beliefs and coalitions. Empirically, we have selected the Swiss forest policy system and analyze two consecutive Swiss National Forest Programs and the related revision process of the forest law between 2004 and 2016. Exploring pathways of change according to the Advocacy Coalition
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Evidence of genetic determination in the growth habit of Nothofagus pumilio (Poepp. & Endl.) Krasser at the extremes of an elevation gradient Scand. J. For. Res. (IF 1.755) Pub Date : 2020-07-14 Carolina Soliani; Alejandro G. Aparicio
In temperate mountainous regions, altitudinal clines in tree size and growth habit develop from a gradual adjustment of multiple traits to tolerate harshening conditions with altitude. We perform a common garden trial with seedlings from two stands of Nothofagus pumilio: low altitude, tall forest (1200 m a.s.l) vs. high altitude, shrubby forest (1560 m a.s.l), to determine whether the contrasting growth
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Discovery of simple sequence repeat (SSR) markers in hazelnut (Corylus avellana L.) by transcriptome sequencing and SSR-based characterization of hazelnut cultivars Scand. J. For. Res. (IF 1.755) Pub Date : 2020-07-26 Musa Kavas; Kubilay Yıldırım; Zafer Seçgin; Gökhan Gökdemir
Current cultivation and breeding strategy based on selections from local and wild vegetation does not meet the hazelnut demand. This situation would benefit from the development of high-yielding cultivars with greater tolerance to abiotic and biotic stress conditions. Molecular markers are useful tools to support these breeding efforts. In the current study, EST-SSR markers were developed from RNA-sequencing
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Biomass and structure of Norway spruce trees grown in uneven-aged stands in southern Finland Scand. J. For. Res. (IF 1.755) Pub Date : 2020-07-07 Atte Kumpu; Riikka Piispanen; Frank Berninger; Jussi Saarinen; Annikki Mäkelä
Tree biomass models are increasingly needed for the estimation of carbon storage and for testing and parameterizing process-based growth models, but most biomass models have been estimated using data from even-aged stands. Here we took measurements from individual Norway spruce trees grown in uneven-aged stands in Southern Finland to characterize tree structure and to estimate the biomasses of tree
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Financial assessment of alternative breeding goals using stand-level optimization and data envelopment analysis Scand. J. For. Res. (IF 1.755) Pub Date : 2020-07-23 Anssi Ahtikoski; Jouni Karhu; Roope Ahtikoski; Matti Haapanen; Jari Hynynen; Katri Kärkkäinen
Choosing traits for breeding requires financial and genetic information. This study introduces a theoretically sound and empirically detailed assessment setup for analyzing two traits from the financial perspective: decay resistance and tree growth. The analysis is conducted in two stages: first (1), a stand-level optimization analysis is applied producing maximum bare land value with the presence
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Integrating data from National Forest Inventories into socio-cultural forest monitoring – a new approach Scand. J. For. Res. (IF 1.755) Pub Date : 2020-08-04 K. Tessa Hegetschweiler; Christoph Fischer; Marco Moretti; Marcel Hunziker
Information about social aspects of forest is frequently collected with questionnaire surveys. Several countries conduct nation-wide surveys in order to monitor outdoor recreation and the relationship of the people to the forest. While this gives a representative picture of the respondents’ preferences and activities, it is not possible to link their answers to the real characteristics of the forest
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Simulation of structural timber properties based on geographical data and stand-level forest inventory data Scand. J. For. Res. (IF 1.755) Pub Date : 2020-08-04 Geir I. Vestøl; Carolin Fischer; Olav Høibø
A method for simulation of distributions of structural timber properties based on geographical data and stand-level forest inventory data is presented. The method is based on Monte Carlo simulation of randomly selected sites from volume distributions of standing timber, in our case from the Norwegian National Forest Inventory. Simulation models of density, modulus of elasticity and bending strength
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Finnish perceptions of log and log architecture Scand. J. For. Res. (IF 1.755) Pub Date : 2020-06-11 Matti Lakkala; Aale Luusua; Janne Pihlajaniemi
The use of log construction is increasing in Finland. This development is desirable for ecological and economic reasons. However, due to changes related to the technical properties of logs and their overall popularity, introduction of novel building typologies and urbanization in general, it is unclear how the public currently experience logs as a construction material and technique. Thus, in this
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Persistent norms and the #MeToo effect in Swedish forestry education Scand. J. For. Res. (IF 1.755) Pub Date : 2020-07-29 Ann Grubbström; Stina Powell
ABSTRACT This study focuses on the persistence of gender inequality in Swedish forestry education. The many strategic documents stand in contrast to the experienced inequalities depicted in the forest sector’s #MeToo movement. Both #slutavverkat and the open letter, written by female students, describe harassment and sexist behaviour. Theories about the culture of silence and bystander behaviour –
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Seed maturation in pollination bags influences the timing of terminal bud set of Norway spruce seedlings Scand. J. For. Res. (IF 1.755) Pub Date : 2020-08-16 Tore Skrøppa; Ragnar Johnskås; Gunnar Haug
Controlled crosses were made on clones in a seed orchard and the pollination bags were kept on the branches until the cones were harvested. Cones after open pollination were collected at the same time. Seedlings from the controlled pollinations, from open pollination of the same maternal parent and from commercial provenances were grown in growth chambers and terminal bud set was recorded after short
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Field establishment of Abies stocktypes in Christmas tree plantations Scand. J. For. Res. (IF 1.755) Pub Date : 2020-08-04 Hans Martin Hanslin; Inger Sundheim Fløistad; Knut Anders Hovstad; Arne Sæbø
ABSTRACT Identification of stocktype attributes that speed up field establishment has potential to reduce rotation time of Christmas tree productions. Such morphological and physiological attributes can be targeted in the nursery production. This study tested the effects of container type and nursery seedling density on stocktype attributes at planting and the effects of these on field performance
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Contributions to the knowledge on biology and phenology of Cryphalus piceae (Coleoptera: Curculionidae: Scolytinae) Scand. J. For. Res. (IF 1.755) Pub Date : 2020-08-02 Mathias Just Justesen; Aslak Kappel Hansen; Iben Margrete Thomsen; David Bille Byriel; Hjalte Ro-Poulsen; Hans Peter Ravn
ABSTRACT The small fir bark beetle (Cryphalus piceae) was discovered in Denmark in 2012. Since then, several local outbreaks in greenery plantations have occurred, with numerous dead Noble firs (Abies procera) reported. The aim of this study was to investigate the life cycle and behavioral patterns of C. piceae in Denmark, compared with a literature review of the general life cycle. Currently, C. piceae
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Assessing Megastigmus specularis (Hymenoptera: Megastigmidae) infestations in a Fraser fir (Abies fraseri (Pursh) Poir.) clonal seed orchard of the southern Appalachians Scand. J. For. Res. (IF 1.755) Pub Date : 2020-07-26 Lilian P. Matallana-Ramirez; Kelly Goode; Matthew Bertone; Petr Janšta; Roger Burks; Robert Jetton; John Frampton
ABSTRACT The Christmas tree industry is mainly supplied with seeds from natural stands and genetically improved germplasm from clonal seed orchards (CSOs). Chalcid wasps (Megastigmus spp.) have a negative effect on the value of seedlots by reducing the quantity of viable seeds and represent a risk for national and international seed trade. Seed radiographies, field observations and seed-dissections
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Postharvest needle retention in Norway spruce Christmas trees Scand. J. For. Res. (IF 1.755) Pub Date : 2020-07-22 Martin Pettersson; Venche Talgø; Odd Ragnar Johnskås; Jan-Ole Skage; Torfinn Torp; Inger Sundheim Fløistad
ABSTRACT Norway spruce (Picea abies) is a widely used Christmas tree species in the Nordic countries. Postharvest needle retention is an important characteristic for Christmas trees and compared to many fir (Abies) species, Norway spruce has poor postharvest needle retention. This trait is one of the most important qualities in choice of natural versus plastic trees. In this study, current year shoots
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Evidence of genetic determination in the growth habit of Nothofagus pumilio (Poepp. & Endl.) Krasser at the extremes of an elevation gradient Scand. J. For. Res. (IF 1.755) Pub Date : 2020-07-14 Carolina Soliani; Alejandro G. Aparicio
In temperate mountainous regions, altitudinal clines in tree size and growth habit develop from a gradual adjustment of multiple traits to tolerate harshening conditions with altitude. We perform a common garden trial with seedlings from two stands of Nothofagus pumilio: low altitude, tall forest (1200 m a.s.l) vs. high altitude, shrubby forest (1560 m a.s.l), to determine whether the contrasting growth
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Management of diseases in Norwegian Christmas tree plantations Scand. J. For. Res. (IF 1.755) Pub Date : 2020-06-17 Venche Talgø; Arne Stensvand; Martin Pettersson; Inger Sundheim Fløistad
ABSTRACT In integrated pest management (IPM), the goal is to keep the impact of damaging agents below a threshold level with reduced pesticide use. The present review is focusing on IPM of fungal diseases and Phytophthora root rot in Norwegian Christmas tree plantations. Healthy transplants are of vital importance to give the production a good establishment. Sanitation of diseased material and weeds
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Outdoor recreation in ecosystem service accounting: pilot accounts from Finland Scand. J. For. Res. (IF 1.755) Pub Date : 2020-06-10 Tuija Lankia; Marjo Neuvonen; Eija Pouta; Tuija Sievänen; Jukka Torvelainen
Ecosystem accounting is a coherent framework for integrating measures of ecosystems and the flow of services they provide to the national accounting of economic activity. Here we focus on the accounting of cultural ecosystem services, particularly, nature-based recreation in open access conditions in Finland. The aim is to improve national capacity to proceed to ecosystem accounting by illustrating
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Performance of genetically improved Norway spruce in one-third rotation-aged progeny trials in southern Finland Scand. J. For. Res. (IF 1.755) Pub Date : 2020-06-07 Matti Haapanen
Growth data from 15 progeny trials were analyzed to assess realized and expected genetic gains associated with improved Norway spruce (Picea abies Karst.) stock in southern Finland. The study materials included 257 seedlots originating from 9 wild stands and 17 seed orchards. The measurement data were collected between 22 and 30 years of age. First-generation seed orchard progenies showed a clear superiority
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A stand-level growth and yield model for thinned and unthinned managed Norway spruce forests in Norway Scand. J. For. Res. (IF 1.755) Pub Date : 2020-06-05 Micky G. Allen II; Clara Antón-Fernández; Rasmus Astrup
ABSTRACT A new stand-level growth and yield model, consisting of component equations for stand volume, basal area, survival, and dominant stand height, was developed from a dataset of long-term trials for managed thinned and unthinned even-aged Norway spruce (Picea abies (L.) Karst.) forests in Norway. The developed models predict considerably faster growth rates than the existing Norwegian models
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A stand-level growth and yield model for thinned and unthinned managed Norway spruce forests in Norway Scand. J. For. Res. (IF 1.755) Pub Date : 2020-06-05 Micky G. Allen II; Clara Antón-Fernández; Rasmus Astrup
A new stand-level growth and yield model, consisting of component equations for stand volume, basal area, survival, and dominant stand height, was developed from a dataset of long-term trials for managed thinned and unthinned even-aged Norway spruce (Picea abies (L.) Karst.) forests in Norway. The developed models predict considerably faster growth rates than the existing Norwegian models. Further
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Browsing hinders the regeneration of broadleaved trees in uneven-aged forest management in southern Finland Scand. J. For. Res. (IF 1.755) Pub Date : 2020-05-20 Komonen Atte; Paananen Esko; Elo Merja; Valkonen Sauli
Uneven-aged forest management has attained increasing popularity. It may benefit biodiversity, buffer against pests and abiotic damages, decrease runoff from clearcuts and improve recreational values. We studied how gap cuttings and single-tree selection cuttings influence browsing damage in spruce-dominated forests in south-central Finland. Overall, browsing damage was especially frequent in aspen
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Long-term responses of understory vegetation in boreal Scots pine stands after nitrogen fertilization Scand. J. For. Res. (IF 1.755) Pub Date : 2020-05-18 Staffan Jacobson; Lars Högbom; Eva Ring
Nitrogen fertilization can increase above- and belowground forest growth and carbon storage in low nitrogen (N) environments. However, it may also induce changes in other parts of the ecosystem, such as altered composition and diversity of the ground vegetation. These changes may occur, for example, because of increased availability of nitrogen and light depletion due to a denser tree canopy. We studied
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Framing woodland key habitats in the Swedish media – how has the framing changed over time? Scand. J. For. Res. (IF 1.755) Pub Date : 2020-05-13 Isabella Hallberg-Sramek; Therese Bjärstig; Annika Nordin
ABSTRACT The concept of woodland key habitats is well-established in northern Europe, denoting sites in the forest landscape with particularly high biodiversity. In Sweden, woodland key habitats have been inventoried on individual forest owner’s land by the Swedish Forest Agency since 1993. Recently, various actors have questioned the woodland key habitat concept and its policy implications. To investigate
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A comparison between derivative and numerical optimization methods used for diameter distribution estimation Scand. J. For. Res. (IF 1.755) Pub Date : 2020-05-12 José Javier Gorgoso-Varela; Friday Nwabueze Ogana; Peter Oluwagbemiga Ige
Modeling diameter distribution of forest stands requires suitable function(s) with the appropriate parameter estimation methods. To date, the parameters of most familiar functions in forestry have been estimated with derivative methods such as moment, percentiles, conditional maximum likelihood, etc. with little emphasis on numerical optimization. Therefore, this study compares the suitability of derivative
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Forest social values: the case of Dalasjö, Sweden Scand. J. For. Res. (IF 1.755) Pub Date : 2020-04-28 Gun Lidestav; Sabina Bergstén; E. Carina H. Keskitalo; Lisa Linck
ABSTRACT Forest social values has been put forward as an umbrella term for a new and less material relationship between people and the forested landscape, a relationship that more recently has become a policy issue. In this case study we explore how forest-related values are conceptualised in the case of Dalasjö, in Vilhelmina, Sweden, where a recent process involving determining protection for social
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Impact of Sitka spruce on biodiversity in NW Europe with a special focus on Norway – evidence, perceptions and regulations Scand. J. For. Res. (IF 1.755) Pub Date : 2020-04-21 Bernt-Håvard Øyen; Per Holm Nygaard
ABSTRACT The impact of historical and present drivers on biodiversity, particularly species richness and abundance, in afforestation areas concerning non-native tree species is still poorly understood. A better understanding is important to ensure appropriate forest management in the face of climate change and increasing demand for wood products. Here, we have reviewed 75 biodiversity studies in Sitka
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Biomass allocation and nutrient content of hybrid aspen clones grown on former agricultural land in Finland Scand. J. For. Res. (IF 1.755) Pub Date : 2020-04-15 Jyrki Hytönen; Egbert Beuker; Anneli Viherä-Aarnio
Vegetatively propagated hybrid aspen (Populus tremula × P. tremuloides) is one of the fastest growing tree species in Finland. To study clonal variation in element concentrations in wood, bark and branches, and the amount of elements bound in above-ground biomass, seven clones were selected from a field trial in Southern Finland, when the trees were 13 years old. Significant clonal differences in the
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The cost of closed terminals in the supply chain for a potential biorefinery in northern Sweden Scand. J. For. Res. (IF 1.755) Pub Date : 2020-04-15 Simon Berg; Dimitris Athanassiadis
ABSTRACT Establishment of biorefineries for processing forest biomass in the Nordic region is extremely costly due to the high investment, running, and procurement costs. Procurement costs could be reduced by allowing all actors to open access to all available terminals in an area (regardless of ownership) and allowing trucks with higher gross weight. These impacts of changes were evaluated for deliveries
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