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A retrospective study of thermal events on the mortality rate of hutch-reared dairy calves Front. Vet. Sci. (IF 3.2) Pub Date : 2024-03-15 Viktor Jurkovich, Mikolt Bakony, Jeno Reiczigel
IntroductionHeat stress in hutch-reared dairy calves (Bos taurus) is highly relevant due to its adverse effects on animal welfare, health, growth, and economic outcomes. This study aimed to provide arguments for protecting calves against heat stress. It was hypothesized that the thermal stress caused by high ambient temperature in summer months negatively affects the survival rate in preweaning calves
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Ubenimex combined with Albendazole for the treatment of Echinococcus multilocularis-induced alveolar echinococcosis in mice Front. Vet. Sci. (IF 3.2) Pub Date : 2024-03-15 Zhen Zhou, Meiduo Huayu, Yalin Mu, Feng Tang, Ri-Li Ge
IntroductionAlveolar echinococcosis (AE) is a parasitic disease caused by E. multilocularis metacestodes and it is highly prevalent in the northern hemisphere. We have previously found that vaccination with E. multilocularis-Leucine aminopeptidase (EM-LAP) could inhibit the growth and invasion of E. multilocularis in host liver, and Ubenimex, a broad-spectrum inhibitor of LAP, could also inhibit E
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Erythrocyte sedimentation rate in heartworm naturally infected dogs “with or without” Leishmania infantum seropositivity: an observational prospective study Front. Vet. Sci. (IF 3.2) Pub Date : 2024-03-15 Maria Alfonsa Cavalera, Oana Gusatoaia, Annamaria Uva, Floriana Gernone, Viviana Domenica Tarallo, Rossella Donghia, Marco Silvestrino, Andrea Zatelli
Canine heartworm disease by Dirofilaria immitis and canine leishmaniosis by Leishmania infantum (CanL) are both vector-borne diseases with frequently overlapping endemicity and able to trigger the acute phase response, being characterized by variations in acute phase proteins (APP). Recently, erythrocyte sedimentation rate (ESR), an indicator of inflammation, has gained attention in veterinary medicine
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Revisiting the genotypes of Theileria equi based on the V4 hypervariable region of the 18S rRNA gene Front. Vet. Sci. (IF 3.2) Pub Date : 2024-03-15 Anil Kumar Nehra, Ansu Kumari, Aman Dev Moudgil, Sukhdeep Vohra
IntroductionEquine theileriosis, an economically important disease that affects horses and other equids worldwide, is caused by a tick-borne intracellular apicomplexan protozoa Theileria equi. Genotyping of T. equi based on the 18S rRNA gene revealed the presence of two, three, four or five genotypes. In previous published reports, these genotypes have been labelled either alphabetically or numerically
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Determinants of animal disease and nontherapeutic antibiotic use on smallholder livestock farms Front. Vet. Sci. (IF 3.2) Pub Date : 2024-03-15 Eve Emes, Assèta Kagambèga, Michel Dione
IntroductionReducing nontherapeutic antibiotic use (ABU) in livestock animals has been identified as an important way of curbing the growth of antimicrobial resistance (AMR). However, nontherapeutic ABU may be important for managing animal disease. In order to reduce nontherapeutic ABU, farmers may need to implement other complementary interventions to safeguard animal health and minimize risk. We
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Genetic variability and population divergence of Rhododendron platypodum Diels in China in the context of conservation Front. Vet. Sci. (IF 3.2) Pub Date : 2024-03-14 Lihui Ma, Liubin Li, Wen Fang, Zhi Dong, Yang Liu, Chaoying Wang, Yingzan Xie, Mingyang Li, Muhammad Arif, Haiyang Wang
Genetic diversity in endangered species is of special significance in the face of escalating global climate change and alarming biodiversity declines. Rhododendron platypodum Diels, an endangered species endemic to China, is distinguished by its restricted geographical range. This study aimed to explore genetic diversity and differentiation among its populations, gathering samples from all four distribution
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A methodological approach to compare continuous and instantaneous sampling and two methods to deal with animals out of sight on dairy cattle behavior and interaction with their calf in the first hours post-partum Front. Vet. Sci. (IF 3.2) Pub Date : 2024-03-14 Claudia Manfrè, Monica Battini, Alberto Simonetto, Barbara Contiero, Lorenzo Serva, Silvana Mattiello, Stavros Ntalampiras, Simona Normando, Marta Brscic
Animal behavior can provide useful information about animal welfare, but methods and tools used to gather behavioral data and data treatment can influence the results. Therefore, this study was carried out on dairy cow (Bos taurus) behavior and interaction with calves early post-partum aiming at comparing two sampling rules, namely continuous and instantaneous sampling at scan intervals of 30 s, 1
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Review state-of-the-art of output-based methodological approaches for substantiating freedom from infection Front. Vet. Sci. (IF 3.2) Pub Date : 2024-03-14 Eleftherios Meletis, Beate Conrady, Petter Hopp, Thibaut Lurier, Jenny Frössling, Thomas Rosendal, Céline Faverjon, Luís Pedro Carmo, Jaka Jakob Hodnik, László Ózsvári, Polychronis Kostoulas, Gerdien van Schaik, Arianna Comin, Mirjam Nielen, Tanja Knific, Jana Schulz, Sabina Šerić-Haračić, Christine Fourichon, Inge Santman-Berends, Aurélien Madouasse
A wide variety of control and surveillance programmes that are designed and implemented based on country-specific conditions exists for infectious cattle diseases that are not regulated. This heterogeneity renders difficult the comparison of probabilities of freedom from infection estimated from collected surveillance data. The objectives of this review were to outline the methodological and epidemiological
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Genetic diversity of vector-borne zoonotic pathogens in companion dogs and cats, Tianjin, China Front. Vet. Sci. (IF 3.2) Pub Date : 2024-03-14 Rui Jian, Jing Xue, Ze-Yun Xu, Si-Si Chen, Fang-Ni Wang, Luanying Du, Guang-Cheng Xie, Wen-Ping Guo
BackgroundDogs and cats are the hosts of many vector-borne human pathogens that can be transmitted to humans. Given their direct and intimate contact with humans, companion dogs and cats are considered direct sentinels of vector-borne human pathogens. However, limited information is currently available regarding canine and feline zoonotic pathogens in China. This study detected canine and feline vector-borne
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Knowledge, awareness and perception about equine glanders among veterinarians and medical professionals in India Front. Vet. Sci. (IF 3.2) Pub Date : 2024-03-14 Ana Raj, Anubha Pathak, Shanmugasundaram Karuppusamy, Bhupendra Nath Tripathi, Hema Tripathi, Harisankar Singha
Glanders is a highly infectious and notifiable disease of equines that occurs due to Burkholderia mallei. In India, glanders re-emerged in 2006 and thereafter regular outbreaks have been reported in various states (n = 14). Frequent and prolonged contact with equids with glanders may transmit B. mallei infection to humans. This study was designed to learn more about the Knowledge, Awareness and Perception
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Isolation and genomic characterization of chicken infectious anemia virus in Jiangsu province of China during 2020–2022 Front. Vet. Sci. (IF 3.2) Pub Date : 2024-03-14 Jun Zhang, Li Ma, Tuofan Li, Quan Xie, Zhimin Wan, Aijian Qin, Jianqiang Ye, Hongxia Shao, Shengnan Wang
As an immunosuppressive disease virus, chicken infectious anemia virus (CIAV) mainly infects chickens, causing aplastic anemia and systemic lymphoid tissue atrophy. In recent years, the prevalence of CIAV in the poultry industry globally has caused huge economic losses. In this study, a total of 223 clinical samples, including anal swabs, tissues, blood, and vaccines, were collected from 19 broiler
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A validation study to analyze the reliability of center of pressure data in static posturography in dogs Front. Vet. Sci. (IF 3.2) Pub Date : 2024-03-14 Masoud Aghapour, Nadja Affenzeller, Christiane Lutonsky, Christian Peham, Alexander Tichy, Barbara Bockstahler
IntroductionCenter of pressure (COP) parameters are frequently assessed to analyze movement disorders in humans and animals. Methodological discrepancies are a major concern when evaluating conflicting study results. This study aimed to assess the inter-observer reliability and test-retest reliability of body COP parameters including mediolateral and craniocaudal sway, total length, average speed and
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Association of biosecurity and hygiene practices with avian influenza A/H5 and A/H9 virus infections in turkey farms Front. Vet. Sci. (IF 3.2) Pub Date : 2024-03-14 Ariful Islam, Monjurul Islam, Pronesh Dutta, Md Ashiqur Rahman, Abdullah Al Mamun, AKM Dawlat Khan, Mohammed Abdus Samad, Mohammad Mahmudul Hassan, Mohammed Ziaur Rahman, Tahmina Shirin
High pathogenicity avian influenza (HPAI) H5N1 outbreaks pose a significant threat to the health of livestock, wildlife, and humans. Avian influenza viruses (AIVs) are enzootic in poultry in many countries, including Bangladesh, necessitating improved farm biosecurity measures. However, the comprehension of biosecurity and hygiene practices, as well as the infection of AIV in turkey farms, are poorly
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The in vitro and in vivo anti-inflammatory and anti-oxidative effects of an amino acid blend supplemented feed on pigs experimentally challenged with Salmonella Typhimurium Front. Vet. Sci. (IF 3.2) Pub Date : 2024-03-13 Sehyeong Ham, Jeongmin Suh, Jieun Kim, Min Jeong Gu, Min Ah Park, Eunseon Oh, Jun-Ok Moon, Chanhee Chae
BackgroundThe in vitro and in vivo anti-inflammatory and anti-oxidative effects of an amino acid (AA) blend (tryptophan, threonine, and methionine) in pigs.ObjectiveThis study aimed to evaluate the in vitro anti-inflammatory and anti-oxidative effects of an AA blend on intestinal porcine epithelial cells (IPEC-J2) and the in vivo anti-inflammatory and anti-oxidative effects in pigs experimentally challenged
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Electrical impedance tomography in anaesthetised chickens (Gallus domesticus) Front. Vet. Sci. (IF 3.2) Pub Date : 2024-03-13 Adrian M. Wong, Hei Y. Lum, Gabrielle C. Musk, Timothy H. Hyndman, Andreas D. Waldmann, Deborah J. Monks, Ross S. Bowden, Martina Mosing
The applicability of electrical impedance tomography (EIT) in birds is unknown. This study aimed to evaluate the use of EIT in anaesthetised chickens in four recumbency positions. Four adult Hyline chickens were anaesthetised with isoflurane in oxygen, and intubated endotracheally for computed tomography (CT). A rubber belt was placed around the coelom caudal to the shoulder joint. A chicken-specific
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Restoring the threatened Scalesia forest: insights from a decade of invasive plant management in Galapagos Front. Vet. Sci. (IF 3.2) Pub Date : 2024-03-12 Heinke Jäger, Miriam San-José, Clare Peabody, Rafael Chango, Christian Sevilla
Island forests are becoming increasingly fragmented and colonized by invasive species, which can eventually lead to local species extinctions. In the Galapagos Islands, invasive species pose a serious extinction threat to the endemic daisy tree Scalesia pedunculata, formerly the dominant habitat-forming species of the unique Scalesia forest. This forest has been reduced to fragments due to land use
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Spatiotemporal analysis and forecasting of lumpy skin disease outbreaks in Ethiopia based on retrospective outbreak reports Front. Vet. Sci. (IF 3.2) Pub Date : 2024-03-12 Shimels Tesfaye, Fikru Regassa, Gashaw Beyene, Samson Leta, Jan Paeshuyse
IntroductionLumpy skin disease is a viral disease that affects cattle belonging to genus Capripoxvirus (Poxviridae) and lead to significant economic losses.ObjectiveThe objective of this study was to evaluate the distribution of lumpy skin disease (LSD) outbreaks and predict future patterns based on retrospective outbreak reports in Ethiopia.MethodsData were collected through direct communication with
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Construction and characterization of a reverse genetics system of bovine parainfluenza virus type 3c as a tool for rapid screening of antivirals in vitro Front. Vet. Sci. (IF 3.2) Pub Date : 2024-03-12 Yu Han, Kejia Lu, Riteng Zhang, Xi Wei, Hanwei Guo, Lina Tong, Xinglong Wang, Sa Xiao, Haijin Liu, Zengqi Yang
Bovine parainfluenza virus type 3 (BPIV3) is a key pathogen associated with bovine respiratory disease complex (BRDC). However, its specific pathogenesis mechanisms have not been fully elucidated. Reverse genetics provides a useful method for understanding the pathogenic mechanism of BPIV3. To ensure the functionality of the rescue platforms, we first constructed a minigenome (MG) system of BPIV3 utilizing
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Case report: Necrotizing leukomyelitis and meningitis in a Pomeranian Front. Vet. Sci. (IF 3.2) Pub Date : 2024-03-12 Koen M. Santifort, Laurent Garosi, Erik A. W. S. Weerts
A 2.5-year-old female entire Pomeranian dog was presented for acute paraparesis progressing within 2 days to paraplegia. General physical examination was unremarkable. Neurological examination showed paraplegia without nociception, a mass reflex upon testing perineal reflexes and withdrawal reflexes in the pelvic limbs and patellar hyperreflexia. Cutaneous trunci reflexes were absent caudal to the
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Comparison of animal welfare assessment tools and methodologies: need for an effective approach for captive elephants in Asia Front. Vet. Sci. (IF 3.2) Pub Date : 2024-03-12 Raman Ghimire, Janine L. Brown, Chatchote Thitaram, Pakkanut Bansiddhi
Welfare is a fundamental aspect of animal management and conservation. In light of growing public awareness and welfare concerns about captive elephants, there is an urgent need for comprehensive, globally coordinated efforts for Asian elephants (Elephas maximus) that participate in religious, logging, or tourist activities in range countries where the majority reside, and where welfare issues have
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Wild boar (Sus scrofa) carcasses as an attraction for scavengers and a potential source for soil contamination with the African swine fever virus Front. Vet. Sci. (IF 3.2) Pub Date : 2024-03-12 Lea Tummeleht, Susanna Suvi Siviä Häkkä, Margret Jürison, Annika Vilem, Imbi Nurmoja, Arvo Viltrop
The wild boar (Sus scrofa) is a social animal species native to Eurasia. During the last decade, the wild boar population in Estonia has been severely affected by the African swine fever virus (ASFV), which has also affected domestic pig farming. The potential transmission routes of ASFV remain unclear and are currently under intensive investigation. This pilot study aimed to clarify the frequency
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Pharmacokinetics and relative bioavailability study of two cefquinome sulfate intramammary infusions in cow milk Front. Vet. Sci. (IF 3.2) Pub Date : 2024-03-11 Shuang Li, Na Yu, Yaoxin Tang, Chunshuang Liu, Ying Zhang, Xiaojie Chen, Hao Wu, Xiubo Li, Yiming Liu
In this study, two intramammary infusions of cefquinome sulfate were investigated for pharmacokinetics and bioavailability. Twelve lactating cows for each group were administered an effective dose of 75 mg/gland for cefquinome, with milk samples collected at various time intervals. The concentrations of cefquinome in milk at different times were determined by the UPLC-MS/MS method. Analyses of noncompartmental
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Accessing the behavior and awareness of veterinary professionals towards antimicrobials use and antimicrobial resistance in Indian district Front. Vet. Sci. (IF 3.2) Pub Date : 2024-03-11 Virendra S. Dhayal, Bilal Ur Rehman, Ayana Krishnan, Vijay Pal Singh
IntroductionAntimicrobial resistance (AMR) poses a significant public health threat, and understanding the awareness and practices of healthcare professionals is crucial for its mitigation. Since the animal sector plays a key role in India’s economy, we decided to explore the understanding of Antimicrobial Use (AMU) and AMR among veterinary professionals.MethodsThe study aimed to evaluate the awareness
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Ruminal inocula with distinct fermentation profiles differentially affect the in vitro fermentation pattern of a commercial algal blend Front. Vet. Sci. (IF 3.2) Pub Date : 2024-03-11 Cátia S. C. Mota, Margarida R. G. Maia, Inês M. Valente, Ana R. J. Cabrita, António J. M. Fonseca
The in vitro rumen batch technique is widely used for screening novel feed sources; however, it remains unclear to what extent the in vitro fermentability of non-conventional feed sources is affected by non-adapted ruminal inocula. Thus, in this study, we evaluated the effects of distinct ruminal inocula on the in vitro fermentation parameters of a sustainable non-conventional feed, a commercially
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Effect of diets supplemented with coated plant essential oil on the growth performance, immunity, antioxidant activity, and fecal microbiota of weaned piglets Front. Vet. Sci. (IF 3.2) Pub Date : 2024-03-11 Yu Niu, Yiying Chen, Jinsong Liu, Yulan Liu, Shiping Xiao, Caimei Yang, Ting Yang, Weiwei Huan
IntroductionThis trial was conducted to compare the effect of diets supplemented with plant essential oil (PEO) and coated plant essential oil (CEO) on growth performance, immunity, antioxidant activity, and fecal microbiota of weaned piglets.MethodsA total of 360 21-day-old weaned piglets were randomly allocated into three groups, namely, CON, PEO, and CEO (basal diets supplemented with 0, 500 mg/kg
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Comparison of computed tomography perfusion and magnetic resonance dynamic susceptibility contrast perfusion-weighted imaging in canine brain Front. Vet. Sci. (IF 3.2) Pub Date : 2024-03-11 Sangmin Lee, Soomin Park, Sungwha Hong, Soyeon Kim, Junghee Yoon, Jihye Choi
Brain perfusion allows for the evaluation of cerebral hemodynamics, particularly in brain infarcts and tumors. Computed tomography (CT) perfusion (CTP) provides reliable data; however, it has a limited scan field of view and radiation exposure. Magnetic resonance (MR) perfusion provides detailed imaging of small structures and a wide scan field of view. However, no study has compared CTP and MR perfusion
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Morphological study of pulp cavity anatomy of canine teeth in domestic cats using micro-computed tomography Front. Vet. Sci. (IF 3.2) Pub Date : 2024-03-08 Emilia Chrostek, Santiago Peralta, Nadine Fiani
An understanding of the pulp cavity anatomy of individual teeth is essential for success during endodontic therapy. The objective of this study was to document pulp cavity anatomy and summarize numerical data of maxillary and mandibular canine teeth of domestic cats using micro-computed tomography (micro-CT). Thirty-nine canine teeth from eleven domestic cat cadaveric specimens were extracted and prepared
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Association between polymorphisms in NOBOX and litter size traits in Xiangsu pigs Front. Vet. Sci. (IF 3.2) Pub Date : 2024-03-08 Jiajin Huang, Yong Ruan, Meimei Xiao, Lingang Dai, Chuanmei Jiang, Jifeng Li, Jiali Xu, Xiang Chen, Houqiang Xu
The newborn ovary homeobox gene (NOBOX) regulates ovarian and early oocyte development, and thus plays an essential role in reproduction. In this study, the mRNA expression level and single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) of NOBOX in various tissues of Xiangsu pigs were studied to explore the relationship between its polymorphism and litter size traits. Also, bioinformatics was used to evaluate the effects
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Ultrasonography of the neotropical primate female reproductive system Front. Vet. Sci. (IF 3.2) Pub Date : 2024-03-08 Sheyla Farhayldes Souza Domingues, Danuza Leite Leão, Frederico Ozanan Barros Monteiro
The Neotropical (e. g., Aotus sp., Callithrix jacchus, Saguinus sp., Saimiri sp., and Sapajus sp.) primates are important models for biomedical research and studies on reproductive physiology and biotechnology. Consequently, studies about gynecological and obstetric ultrasonography are crucial. B-mode ultrasonography is a non-invasive imaging technique that provides real-time bidimensional or thre
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Isoflurane treatment for refractory and super-refractory status epilepticus in dogs Front. Vet. Sci. (IF 3.2) Pub Date : 2024-03-07 Eirini Sarpekidou, Georgios Polyzois, Virginia Papageorgiou, Ioannis Savvas, Zoe Polizopoulou, George Kazakos
IntroductionResistant epileptic episodes, such as refractory status epilepticus (RSE) and super-refractory status epilepticus (SRSE), are neurological emergencies that require immediate medical treatment. Although inhalational anesthetics, such as isoflurane (ISO), have been proposed as a means of seizure control in dogs, there is currently a lack of both experimental and clinical studies on this subject
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Timeseries partitioning of ecosystem respiration components in seasonal, non-tropical forests; comparing literature derived coefficients with evaluation at two contrasting UK forest sites Front. Vet. Sci. (IF 3.2) Pub Date : 2024-03-07 Jon McCalmont, Andreas Heinemeyer, James Morison, Georgios Xenakis, Michael Bell, Matthew Wilkinson, Astley Hastings
IntroductionUnderstanding carbon flows within ecosystems is key to quantifying the impacts of land-use change in the climate. However, while the net exchange of CO2 between the ecosystem and atmosphere indicates global warming potentials, partitioning into individual flux components is needed to understand sinks and sources, residence times, and sensitivities to land-use impacts. Scaling from research
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Bibliometric analysis of studies on threat assessment and prioritization of species for conservation Front. Vet. Sci. (IF 3.2) Pub Date : 2024-03-07 Zishan Ahmad Wani, Shreekar Pant, Jahangeer A. Bhat, Mohd Tariq, Sazada Siddiqui, Mohammed O. Alshaharni
The present study investigated the evolution and current situation of research on threat assessment and prioritization of species for conservation at a global level by analyzing bibliometrically the most relevant and productive authors, sources, and countries, most cited papers, country collaborations and most frequent keywords as reflected in the scientific literature using the Web of Science database
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Isolation of feline islets of Langerhans by selective osmotic shock produces glucose responsive islets Front. Vet. Sci. (IF 3.2) Pub Date : 2024-03-07 Lauren T. Porter, Christopher A. Adin, Chiquitha D. Crews, Jocelyn Mott, Chen Gilor
IntroductionPancreatic islet isolation is essential for studying islet physiology, pathology, and transplantation, and feline islets could be an important model for human type II diabetes mellitus (T2D). Traditional isolation methods utilizing collagenases inflict damage and, in cats, may contribute to the difficulty in generating functional islets, as demonstrated by glucose-stimulated insulin secretion
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In silico and in vivo evaluation of the anti-cryptosporidial activity of eugenol Front. Vet. Sci. (IF 3.2) Pub Date : 2024-03-07 Hattan S. Gattan, Majed H. Wakid, Rowaid M. Qahwaji, Sarah Altwaim, Haifaa A. Mahjoub, Mashael S. Alfaifi, Hayam Elshazly, Wafa Abdullah I. Al-Megrin, Eman Abdullah Alshehri, Hatem A. Elshabrawy, Asmaa M. El-kady
BackgroundCryptosporidiosis is an opportunistic parasitic disease widely distributed worldwide. Although Cryptosporidium sp. causes asymptomatic infection in healthy people, it may lead to severe illness in immunocompromised individuals. Limited effective therapeutic alternatives are available against cryptosporidiosis in this category of patients. So, there is an urgent need for therapeutic alternatives
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Resource selection by Sarda cattle in a Mediterranean silvopastoral system Front. Vet. Sci. (IF 3.2) Pub Date : 2024-03-07 Marco Acciaro, Marco Pittarello, Mauro Decandia, Maria Sitzia, Valeria Giovanetti, Giampiero Lombardi, Patrick E. Clark
Knowledge of how grazing cattle utilize heterogeneous landscapes in Mediterranean silvopastoral areas is scarce. Global positioning systems (GPS) to track animals, together with geographic information systems (GIS), can relate animal distribution to landscape features. With the aim to develop a general spatial model that provides accurate prediction of cattle resource selection patterns within a Mediterranean
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Inactivation of highly transmissible livestock and avian viruses including influenza A and Newcastle disease virus for molecular diagnostics Front. Vet. Sci. (IF 3.2) Pub Date : 2024-03-07 Jennifer L. Welch, Ram Shrestha, Heather Hutchings, Narinder Pal, Randall Levings, Suelee Robbe-Austerman, Rachel Palinski, Karthik K. Shanmuganatham
There is a critical need for an inactivation method that completely inactivates pathogens at the time of sample collection while maintaining the nucleic acid quality required for diagnostic PCR testing. This inactivation method is required to alleviate concerns about transmission potential, minimize shipping complications and cost, and enable testing in lower containment laboratories, thereby enhancing
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Threat categories of Vatica mangachapoi should be reassessed Front. Vet. Sci. (IF 3.2) Pub Date : 2024-03-06 Haoze Yu, Xuechen Pei, Hui Zhang
IntroductionAsian tropical rainforests have the highest rates of degradation in the world. Consequently, a large decline in Chinese Vatica mangachapoi (a keystone species) had led to its listing in the category of “vulnerable” species by IUCN. However, its current status after decades of conservation efforts remains unknown.MethodsHere, we evaluate the current status of Chinese V. mangachapoi.Results
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Dog and cat exposures to drugs of abuse identified by the California animal health and food safety laboratory system 2013–2023 Front. Vet. Sci. (IF 3.2) Pub Date : 2024-03-06 Sigal Klainbart, Chelsea A. Sykes, Robert H. Poppenga
IntroductionWhile known animal exposures to human “drugs of abuse” (DA) were previously considered relatively uncommon in veterinary medicine, the trends are changing. Marijuana and amphetamines are among the 20 toxicants most frequently consulted about with the Pet Poison Helpline. When such exposures occur, they are typically considered emergencies.MethodsThis retrospective study describes confirmed
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Tree growth at the limits: the response of multiple conifers to opposing climatic constraints along an elevational gradient in the Alps Front. Vet. Sci. (IF 3.2) Pub Date : 2024-03-06 Nikolaus Obojes, Serena Buscarini, Armin Konrad Meurer, Erich Tasser, Walter Oberhuber, Stefan Mayr, Ulrike Tappeiner
IntroductionClimate change affects the vitality of mountain forests through increasing temperatures and decreasing water availability due to changing precipitation patterns, earlier snowmelt, and increasing evaporative demand. Depending on species characteristics, tree growth might therefore increase in cold habitats near the forest line but decrease in water-limited conditions at low elevation.MethodsWe
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Effects of ambient temperature on growth performance, slaughter traits, meat quality and serum antioxidant function in Pekin duck Front. Vet. Sci. (IF 3.2) Pub Date : 2024-03-06 Congcong Xu, Dongyue Sun, Yi Liu, Ziyi Pan, Zichun Dai, Fang Chen, Rihong Guo, Rong Chen, Zhendan Shi, Shijia Ying
The present study investigated the effects of temperature on growth performance, slaughtering traits, meat quality and antioxidant function of Pekin ducks from 21–42 d of age. Single factor analysis of variance was used in this experiment, 144 21 d-old Pekin ducks were randomly allotted to 4 environmentally controlled chambers: T20 (20°C), T23 (23°C), T26 (26°C) and T29 (29°C), with 3 replicates in
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Rapid hearing threshold assessment with modified auditory brainstem response protocols in dogs Front. Vet. Sci. (IF 3.2) Pub Date : 2024-03-06 Axel Stanger, Gesine Buhmann, Stefanie Dörfelt, Yury Zablotski, Andrea Fischer
IntroductionAuditory brainstem response (ABR) is the gold standard for hearing testing in dogs. ABR is commonly used in puppies to diagnose congenital sensorineural deafness. Long test times limit the use for a more comprehensive hearing screening in veterinary practice. This study aimed to establish a super-fast hearing screening protocol in dogs.MethodsHearing thresholds were routinely measured with
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Retrospective assessment of the use of extended-release cabergoline in the management of equine pituitary pars intermedia dysfunction Front. Vet. Sci. (IF 3.2) Pub Date : 2024-03-06 Tania Sundra, Erin Kelty, Gabriele Rossi, David Rendle
IntroductionDopaminergic agonists are accepted as the most effective treatment for pituitary pars intermedia dysfunction. However, some horses are refractory to daily oral pergolide, the recommended registered treatment. Extended-release cabergoline (ERC) injection may offer an alternative. The objective of this retrospective case series was to describe clinical and endocrinological responses to ERC
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Mycoplasma bovis mastitis in dairy cattle Front. Vet. Sci. (IF 3.2) Pub Date : 2024-03-06 Aga E. Gelgie, Sarah E. Desai, Benti D. Gelalcha, Oudessa Kerro Dego
Mycoplasma bovis has recently been identified increasingly in dairy cows causing huge economic losses to the dairy industry. M. bovis is a causative agent for mastitis, pneumonia, endometritis, endocarditis, arthritis, otitis media, and many other clinical symptoms in cattle. However, some infected cows are asymptomatic or may not shed the pathogen for weeks to years. This characteristic of M. bovis
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Health and environmental effects to wildlife from radio telemetry and tracking devices—state of the science and best management practices Front. Vet. Sci. (IF 3.2) Pub Date : 2024-03-06 Albert M. Manville, B. Blake Levitt, Henry C. Lai
This paper discusses the potential health risks and benefits to tagged wildlife from the use of radio tracking, radio telemetry, and related microchip and data-logger technologies used to study, monitor and track mostly wildlife in their native habitats. Domestic pets, especially canids, are briefly discussed as radio-tagging devices are also used on/in them. Radio tracking uses very high frequency
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Collagen modifications predictive of lymph node metastasis in dogs with carcinoma in mixed tumours Front. Vet. Sci. (IF 3.2) Pub Date : 2024-03-06 Ana Paula Vargas Garcia, Daiana Yively Osorio Taborda, Luana Aparecida Reis, Ana Maria de Paula, Geovanni Dantas Cassali
IntroductionMixed tumours in the canine mammary gland are the most common histological type in routine diagnosis. In general, these neoplasms have a favourable prognosis that does not evolve into metastatic disease. However, some cases develop into lymph node metastases and are associated with worse patient survival rates.MethodsHere is a retrospective study of 46 samples of primary mixed tumours of
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Animal welfare at German abattoirs: insights into the occurrence of violations against laws and regulations from official veterinarians and judicial decisions Front. Vet. Sci. (IF 3.2) Pub Date : 2024-03-06 Stephanie Janet Schneidewind, Susann Langforth, Diana Meemken
IntroductionThis study investigated the occurrence of various animal welfare violations at German abattoirs by analyzing the results of an anonymous online survey and relevant German court decisions.MethodsThe survey targeted official veterinarians (OVs) and other individuals responsible for enforcing animal welfare laws and regulations at German abattoirs. Participants were asked to report the five
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Efficacy of a multicomponent binding agent against combined exposure to zearalenone and ochratoxin A in weaned pigs Front. Vet. Sci. (IF 3.2) Pub Date : 2024-03-06 Panagiotis Tassis, Jog Raj, Dimitrios Floros, Nikolaos Mittas, Niki Ntarampa, Hunor Farkas, Zoe Polizopoulou, Marko Vasilievic
IntroductionThe study aimed to evaluate the efficacy of a novel multicomponent substance against combined exposure to the mycotoxins zearalenone (ZEN) and ochratoxin A (OTA) in weaned piglets.MethodsIn total, 60 piglets at the age of 28 days were equally allocated to four experimental groups (A–D), consisting of eight female and seven male piglets each (15 animals per group, for a total trial duration
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Modulation of Gut Microbiota, and Morphometry, Blood Profiles and performance of Broiler Chickens Supplemented with Piper aduncum, Morinda citrifolia, and Artocarpus altilis leaves Ethanolic Extracts Front. Vet. Sci. (IF 3.2) Pub Date : 2024-03-06 Daniel Marco Paredes-López, R. A. Robles-Huaynate, Marilu Roxana Soto-Vásquez, Rosa Amelia Perales-Camacho, Siever Miguel Morales-Cauti, Xiomara Beteta-Blas, Uriel Aldava-Pardave
Bioactive plants such as P. aduncum, M. citrifolia, and A. altilis might improve intestinal health as an alternative to antibiotic growth promoters. The objective of this study was to determine the effect of the ethanolic extracts (EEs) of these plants on the intestinal health of broiler chickens. Cobb 500 chickens (n = 352) were distributed into eight treatments with four replicates and 11 chickens
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Copy number variants selected during pig domestication inferred from whole genome resequencing Front. Vet. Sci. (IF 3.2) Pub Date : 2024-03-05 Wei Zhang, Chengliang Xu, Mei Zhou, Linqing Liu, Zelan Ni, Shiguang Su, Chonglong Wang
Over extended periods of natural and artificial selection, China has developed numerous exceptional pig breeds. Deciphering the germplasm characteristics of these breeds is crucial for their preservation and utilization. While many studies have employed single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) analysis to investigate the local pig germplasm characteristics, copy number variation (CNV), another significant
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Vegetation indices monitoring by using copernicus data in the old-growth forests of the Republic of Srpska/Bosnia and Herzegovina Front. Vet. Sci. (IF 3.2) Pub Date : 2024-03-05 Zoran Govedar, Nemanja Anikić
IntroductionOld-growth forests (OGFs) are vital for global biodiversity, acting as irreplaceable carbon sinks, fostering ecosystem stability, and preserving unique ecological and cultural heritage. There are three old-growth forests in the Republic of Srpska/Bosnia and Herzegovina (Lom, Janj, and Perućica). They are dominated by mixed forests of beech, fir, and spruce (Piceo-Abieti-Fagetim illyricum)
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Evaluation of anti-Fel d 1 IgY ingredient for pet food on growth performance in kittens Front. Vet. Sci. (IF 3.2) Pub Date : 2024-03-05 Erik D. Hedrick, Ray A. Matulka, Lisa Conboy-Schmidt, Kimberly A. May
IntroductionThe domestic cat (Felis catus) is one of the most common pets. Worldwide, approximately one in five adults are sensitive to cat allergens. The major cat allergen is the secretoglobulin Fel d 1, which is primarily produced in the salivary and sebaceous glands. Chickens produce IgY antibodies, which are similar in structure to mammalian IgG. When chickens are exposed to Fel d 1, anti-Fel
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Contrast arthrography of the equine temporomandibular joint Front. Vet. Sci. (IF 3.2) Pub Date : 2024-03-04 Clara S. Kim, Nathalie A. Reisbig, James L. Carmalt
Background Disorders of the equine temporomandibular joint (TMJ) cause clinical problems and detailed investigations of this joint are becoming more common. Specialist radiographic projections have the potential to highlight osseous abnormalities; however, the ability to assess the intra-articular soft tissue structures is currently limited to computed tomography (with, or without contrast enhancement)
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Identification of cost-effective biosecurity measures to reduce Salmonella along the pork production chain Front. Vet. Sci. (IF 3.2) Pub Date : 2024-03-04 Clara Bester, Annemarie Käsbohrer, Neil Wilkins, Guido Correia Carreira, Tatiana Marschik
The continued occurrence of salmonellosis cases in Europe attributed to the consumption of pork products highlights the importance of identifying cost-effective interventions. Certain biosecurity measures (BSMs) may be effective in reducing the prevalence of specific pathogens along the pork production chain and their presence in food products. The objective of this study was to identify pathogen-specific
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Physicochemical properties, mechanism of action of lycopene and its application in poultry and ruminant production Front. Vet. Sci. (IF 3.2) Pub Date : 2024-03-04 Yong Long, Siwaporn Paengkoum, Shengyong Lu, Xinran Niu, Sorasak Thongpea, Nittaya Taethaisong, Yong Han, Pramote Paengkoum
Lycopene is a kind of natural carotenoid that could achieve antioxidant, anti-cancer, lipid-lowering and immune-improving effects by up-regulating or down-regulating genes related to antioxidant, anti-cancer, lipid-lowering and immunity. Furthermore, lycopene is natural, pollution-free, and has no toxic side effects. The application of lycopene in animal production has shown that it could improve livestock
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Elevation gradients alter vegetation attributes in mountain ecosystems of eastern Himalaya, India Front. Vet. Sci. (IF 3.2) Pub Date : 2024-03-04 Vikram S. Negi, Aseesh Pandey, Ajay Singh, Amit Bahukhandi, Dalbeer S. Pharswan, K. S. Gaira, Zishan Ahmad Wani, Jahangeer A. Bhat, Sazada Siddiqui, Habab M. Yassin
The present study describes how vegetation (the tree layer) is shaped along the elevation gradients in the eastern part of the Indian Himalayan Region. Various vegetation attributes, distribution, population structure, and regeneration patterns of 75 tree species belonging to 31 families were studied. Tree species richness shows a low plateau (peaked between 1,300–1,500 m) with a linearly decreasing
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A fusion protein of vimentin with Fc fragment inhibits Japanese encephalitis virus replication Front. Vet. Sci. (IF 3.2) Pub Date : 2024-03-04 Taoping Zhang, Zhixin Chen, Lyu Xie, Ruixian Xu, Lu Chen, Ting Jia, Wengang Shi, Yongbo Wang, Yuzhu Song, Qinqin Han, Xueshan Xia, Tao Yuan, Jinyang Zhang
Japanese encephalitis virus (JEV), a member of the Flaviviridae family and a flavivirus, is known to induce acute encephalitis. Vimentin protein has been identified as a potential receptor for JEV, engaging in interactions with the viral membrane protein. The Fc fragment, an integral constituent of immunoglobulins, plays a crucial role in antigen recognition by dendritic cells (DCs) or phagocytes,
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Male reproductive phenotypes of genetically altered laboratory mice (Mus musculus): a review based on pertinent literature from the last three decades Front. Vet. Sci. (IF 3.2) Pub Date : 2024-03-04 Kakanang Buranaamnuay
Laboratory mice (Mus musculus) are preferred animals for biomedical research due to the close relationship with humans in several aspects. Therefore, mice with diverse genetic traits have been generated to mimic human characteristics of interest. Some genetically altered mouse strains, on purpose or by accident, have reproductive phenotypes and/or fertility deviating from wild-type mice. The distinct
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Therapeutic and immune-regulation effects of Scutellaria baicalensis Georgi polysaccharide on pseudorabies in piglets Front. Vet. Sci. (IF 3.2) Pub Date : 2024-03-04 Xianghua Shu, Ying Zhang, Xue Zhang, Ying Zhang, Yue Shu, Yulei Wang, Zhihui Zhang, Chunlian Song
Pseudorabies virus (PRV) can cause fatal encephalitis in newborn pigs and escape the immune system. While there is currently no effective treatment for PRV, Scutellaria baicalensis Georgi polysaccharides (SGP) and Rodgersia sambucifolia Hemsl flavonoids (RHF) are traditional Chinese herbal medicines with potential preventive and therapeutic effects against PRV infection. In order to explore which one
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Long non-coding RNA Loc105611671 promotes the proliferation of ovarian granulosa cells and steroid hormone production upregulation of CDC42 Front. Vet. Sci. (IF 3.2) Pub Date : 2024-03-04 Jinglei Wang, Hanying Chen, Yongsheng Zhang, Hong Shen, Xiancun Zeng
Granulosa cells (GCs) are essential for follicular development, and long non-coding RNAs (LncRNAs) are known to support the maintenance of this process and hormone synthesis in mammals. Nevertheless, the regulatory roles of these lncRNAs within sheep follicular GCs remain largely unexplored. This study delved into the influence of a Loc105611671, on the proliferation and steroid hormone synthesis of
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A temperature-based model of biomass accumulation in humid forests of the world Front. Vet. Sci. (IF 3.2) Pub Date : 2024-03-04 Markku Larjavaara, Xia Chen, Mingyu Luo
Forests benefit humans in numerous ways. Many of these benefits are greater from forests with large trees and high biomass (i.e., above-ground biomass) than from young forests with small trees. Understanding how the biomass accumulation rate depends on climate is therefore important. According to a classic theory, the biomass accumulation rate first increases until canopy closure, as leaf area and