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Confirmation of a four-way herbicide-resistant Palmer amaranth (Amaranthus palmeri) population in Iowa Weed Sci. (IF 2.5) Pub Date : 2024-03-18 Ryan C Hamberg, Ramawatar Yadav, Robert Hartzler, Micheal DK Owen
Palmer amaranth (Amaranthus palmeri S. Watson) was first reported in Iowa in 2013 and has continued to spread across the state over the last decade. Importantly, A. palmeri is widely recognized as one of the more economically important weeds in production agriculture. The presence of A. palmeri in Iowa is concerning as the species has evolved resistance to nine herbicide sites of action, however, no
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Evaluation of organic options for Johnsongrass (Sorghum halepense) control during winter fallow Weed Sci. (IF 2.5) Pub Date : 2024-03-14 Gustavo Camargo Silva, Jialin Yu, Leonard Herndon, Spencer Samuelson, Nithya Rajan, Muthukumar Bagavathiannan
Johnsongrass [Sorghum halepense (L.) Pers.] is one of the most problematic perennial grass weed species in row-crop production across the southern United States. Control of this species is especially challenging in organic systems due to a lack of effective options. A field experiment was conducted at the Texas A&M research farm near College Station, TX, from fall 2019 to spring 2021 to evaluate various
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Dissipation of spring-applied methiozolin in turfgrass systems Weed Sci. (IF 2.5) Pub Date : 2024-03-08 John M. Peppers, Ki-Hwan Hwang, Suk-Jin Koo, Shawn D. Askew
Methiozolin is applied five or more times per year to control annual bluegrass (Poa annua L.) in cool, temperate areas, but high market demand in the Southern US and recent registration in Australia expands the products use in variable climates. To better design weed control programs for variable turf types, more information is needed to characterize methiozolin dissipation in different turf systems
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Evaluation of critical weed-free period for three sweetpotato (Ipomoea batatas) cultivars Weed Sci. (IF 2.5) Pub Date : 2024-03-01 Emmanuel G. Cooper, Stephen L. Meyers, Jeanine Arana, Katherine Jennings, Ashley Adair, Kevin D. Gibson, William G. Johnson
Sweetpotato [Ipomoea batatas (L.) Lam.] is a staple crop that provides nutritional benefits to humans globally, but it is subjected to yield loss when competing with weeds, especially during the early stage of establishment. Yield loss can vary widely based on the cultivar, production environment, weed species, and management techniques. To address this challenge, we conducted field research at the
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Advancements and developments in the detection and control of invasive weeds: a global review of the current challenges and future opportunities Weed Sci. (IF 2.5) Pub Date : 2024-02-29 Jason Roberts, Singarayer Florentine
Weed invasion has become increasingly recognised as a major threat to the practice of sustainable agriculture and the maintenance of natural ecosystems around the world. Without effective and ongoing management strategies, many weed species have the aggressive capacity to alter ecosystem functions and reduce the economic potential of the land in which they have been introduced. Although traditional
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Exploring sterile pollen technique as a novel tool for management of Palmer amaranth (Amaranthus palmeri) Weed Sci. (IF 2.5) Pub Date : 2024-02-27 Wenzhuo Wu, Mohsen B. Mesgaran
The success of the insect sterile technique (IST) in managing insect pests raised the hypothesis that a similar approach could be employed to control weed populations. Here, we investigated the feasibility of employing irradiated sterile pollen as a means to disrupt seed production in dioecious weeds, specifically focusing on Palmer amaranth (Amaranthus palmeri S. Watson). Our goal was to determine
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Germination responses of the invasive cactus, hedge cactus (Cereus uruguayanus) to environmental factors Weed Sci. (IF 2.5) Pub Date : 2024-02-20 F. Dane Panetta, Shane Campbell, Simon Brooks, Dannielle Brazier, Bhagirath Singh Chauhan
Hedge cactus (Cereus uruguayanus R. Kiesling; syn. Cereus hildmannianus K. Schum.) is a columnar cactus that was introduced to Australia as an ornamental plant and has since become invasive in subhumid regions of Queensland and New South Wales. Compared to its congener Cereus jamacaru DC. (which currently is invasive in both eastern and southern Africa), information on seed biology of C. uruguayanus
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Atmospheric deposition of dicamba herbicide can cause injury to sensitive soybean Weed Sci. (IF 2.5) Pub Date : 2024-02-20 Eric Oseland, Mandy Bish, Robert Lerch, Kevin Bradley
The herbicide dicamba has injured millions of hectares of sensitive plant species in the United States since 2017. This injury has coincided with the commercialization of dicamba-resistant soybean [Glycine max (L.) Merr.] and cotton (Gossypium hirsutum L.). We quantified atmospheric deposition and mass flux of dicamba in 12 soybean production regions of Missouri. Dicamba was routinely detected in weekly
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Burial and subsequent growth of rigid ryegrass (Lolium rigidum) and ripgut brome (Bromus diandrus) following strategic deep tillage Weed Sci. (IF 2.5) Pub Date : 2024-02-20 Catherine PD Borger, George Mwenda, Sarah J Collins, Stephen L Davies, Arslan Masood Peerzada, Andrew van Burgel
Soil amelioration via strategic deep tillage is occasionally utilised within the conservation tillage systems to alleviate soil constraints, but its impact on weed seed burial and subsequent growth within the agronomic system is poorly understood. This study assessed the effects of different strategic deep tillage practices, including soil loosening (deep ripping), soil mixing (rotary spading), or
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Herbicide Resistance Management: A Common Pool Resource Problem? Weed Sci. (IF 2.5) Pub Date : 2024-02-20 Nicolas T. Bergmann, Ian C. Burke, Chloe B. Wardropper
Herbicide resistance is often viewed as a complex problem in need of innovative management solutions. Because of the transboundary mobility of many weeds, resistance to herbicides is also viewed as a community-scale issue. Consequently, the idea of greater coordination among resource users – especially growers – is often promoted as a management approach. Recently, scholars have framed herbicide resistance
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Responses of soil seedbank and aboveground weed communities to globe artichoke–cropping systems: an on-farm analysis Weed Sci. (IF 2.5) Pub Date : 2024-02-12 Aurelio Scavo, Alessia Restuccia, Alessandro Di Martino, Giovanni Mauromicale
Globe artichoke [Cynara cardunculus L. var. scolymus (L.) Fiori] is one of the most important crops across the Mediterranean basin, where weeds are an important biotic constraint limiting crop yields. However, the effects of globe artichoke–cropping systems on weeds have been rarely tested. Following the demand for eco-friendly weed management practices, a multi-location trial (13 farms) was carried
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Confirmation and differential metabolism associated with quinclorac resistance in smooth crabgrass (Digitaria ischaemum) Weed Sci. (IF 2.5) Pub Date : 2024-02-12 Atikah D. Putri, Varsha Singh, Edicarlos B. de Castro, Claudia Ann Rutland, Joseph S. McElroy, Te-ming Tseng, James D. McCurdy
Quinclorac controls crabgrass (Digitaria spp.) in cool- and warm-season turfgrass species. Herbicide-resistant smooth crabgrass [Digitaria ischaemum (Schreb.) Schreb. ex Muhl.] biotypes have evolved due to recurrent usage of quinclorac. Two Mississippi populations (MSU1 and MSU2) of D. ischaemum were characterized using standard greenhouse dose–response screens to assess their resistance relative to
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Modeling the effect of temperature on rhizome sprouting in the invasive weed silverleaf nightshade (Solanum elaeagnifolium) Weed Sci. (IF 2.5) Pub Date : 2024-02-12 Omer Kapiluto, Evgeny Smirnov, Guy Achdary, Hanan Eizenberg, Ran Nisim Lati
Silverleaf nightshade (Solanum elaeagnifolium Cav.), a noxious, highly invasive perennial weed, poses a significant threat to irrigated summer crops, vegetables, and orchards. This weed has the ability to reproduce both sexually through seed production and asexually via an extensive underground rhizome network, the latter playing a major role in the weed’s invasion, establishment, and persistence.
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Taxonomic resolution of fleabane species (Conyza spp.) based on morphological and molecular markers and their dispersion across soybean-cropping macroregions and seasons in Brazil Weed Sci. (IF 2.5) Pub Date : 2024-01-29 Augusto Kalsing, Felipe A. Nunes, Guilherme A. Gotardi, Jaqueline B. Campos, Angelo A. Schneider, Leandro Tropaldi, Edivaldo D. Velini, Aldo Merotto, Caio A. Carbonari
The Conyza genus includes nearly 150 species, comprising closely related weedy species. Proper identification of Conyza spp. is essential to develop effective strategies for their management. The overlap of traits, species varieties, and the putative occurrence of hybridization hampers the identification of Conyza spp. and its management in agricultural and natural environments. Herein, we assessed
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Adaptations in wild radish (Raphanus raphanistrum) flowering time, Part 2: Harvest weed seed control shortens flowering by twelve days Weed Sci. (IF 2.5) Pub Date : 2024-01-29 Gayle J. Somerville, Michael B. Ashworth
Harvest weed seed control (HWSC) is an effective technique for managing wild radish (Raphanus raphanistrum L.), a weed that retains its seed until harvest. However, earlier flowering time (leading to increased seed shedding before harvest) is a risk to HWSC effectiveness. This study investigated the effects of repeated HWSC on the evolution of R. raphanistrum flowering dates, using two methods: an
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Relative contribution of shade avoidance and resource competition to early-season sugar beet yield loss due to weeds Weed Sci. (IF 2.5) Pub Date : 2024-01-15 Joe G. Ballenger, Albert T. Adjesiwor, David A. Claypool, Andrew R. Kniss
Shade avoidance alters the way plants grow, usually causing them to grow taller at the expense of placing resources into leaves, roots, seeds, and other harvestable materials. Sugar beet (Beta vulgaris L.) is a rosette-forming biennial species that has limited capacity to grow tall in the first year of growth. In the context of crop–weed competition, it is mostly unknown to what extent shade avoidance
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Anatomical characteristics and resprouting capacity of the underground organs of Bohemian knotweed (Polygonum ×bohemicum) Weed Sci. (IF 2.5) Pub Date : 2024-01-15 Antoine Jousson, Marco Conedera, Patrik Krebs, Guido Maspoli, Gianni Boris Pezzatti
The hybrid Bohemian knotweed [Polygonum ×bohemicum (J. Chrtek & Chrtková) Zika & Jacobson [cuspidatum × sachalinense]; syn.: Reynoutria ×bohemica Chrtek & Chrtková] is part of the worldwide problematic rhizomatous invasive plants that impact (semi-)natural and agricultural systems. In this context, precise knowledge about the morpho-anatomy and resprouting capacity of the underground organs is key
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The potential of seaweeds as a rich natural source for novel bioherbicide formulation/development Weed Sci. (IF 2.5) Pub Date : 2024-01-15 Onyedika C. Chukwuma, Shiau Pin Tan, Helen Hughes, Peter McLoughlin, Niall O’Toole, Nick McCarthy
Recently, there has been emphasis on the need to shift away from the use of synthetic chemical herbicides to low-risk alternatives derived from natural sources. This is aimed at lowering or averting the negative impact synthetic herbicides have on the environment and dealing with the emergence of weed species resistant to these chemicals. As a result, more stringent measures or outright bans on the
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Effect of environmental, seed burial depth, and straw mulch on germination and seedling emergence in Cichorium glandulosum Weed Sci. (IF 2.5) Pub Date : 2024-01-15 Rouhollah Amini, Alireza Hasanfard, Nasrin Ahmadian, Farzaneh Zarei Yuzband
Cichorium glandulosum Boiss. et Huet is a species that has recently spread widely in the autumn crops of northwestern Iran. A study was conducted to evaluate the effect of environmental factors on the germination, emergence, and management of two populations of C. glandulosum. The effects of temperature, photoperiod, NaCl concentration, osmotic potential, seed burial depth, and straw mulch on seed
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Adaptations in wild radish (Raphanus raphanistrum) flowering time, Part 1: Individual-based modeling of a polygenic trait Weed Sci. (IF 2.5) Pub Date : 2024-01-09 Gayle J. Somerville, Michael B. Ashworth, Hugh J. Beckie
This study investigated replicating six generations of glasshouse-based flowering date selection in wild radish (Raphanus raphanistrum L.) using an adaptation of the population model SOMER (Spatial Orientated Modelling of Evolutionary Resistance). This individual-based model was chosen because it could be altered to contain varying numbers of genes, along with varying levels of environmental influence
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Identification of candidate genes involved with dicamba resistance in waterhemp (Amaranthus tuberculatus) via transcriptomics analyses Weed Sci. (IF 2.5) Pub Date : 2023-12-27 Lucas K. Bobadilla, Patrick J. Tranel
Waterhemp [Amaranthus tuberculatus (Moq.) Sauer] is one of the most troublesome weeds in the United States. An A. tuberculatus population (CHR) was identified in Illinois, USA, as resistant to herbicides from six different site-of-action groups. Recently, the same population was also recognized as dicamba resistant. This study aimed to identify key resistance genes and the putative dicamba resistance
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Light partitioning strategies impact relative fitness of weeds and cover crops when drill-interseeding in corn Weed Sci. (IF 2.5) Pub Date : 2023-12-27 John M. Wallace, Tosh Mazzone, Christopher Pelzer, Matthew R. Ryan, Sandra Wayman
Drill-interseeding cover crops into corn (Zea mays L.) is an emerging establishment method in northern U.S. production regions. However, cover crop performance in interseeded systems remains variable, and creating environments that are conducive to cover crop but not weed growth is challenging. Cultural practices that partition resources between corn and interseeded cover crops have potential to improve
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Non–target site mechanisms of cross-resistance evolution to florpyrauxifen-benzyl in 2,4-D–resistant Palmer amaranth (Amaranthus palmeri) Weed Sci. (IF 2.5) Pub Date : 2023-12-27 Jeong-In Hwang, Jason K. Norsworthy, L. Tom Barber, Thomas R. Butts
The evolution of herbicide resistance in weeds can reduce the herbicide’s efficacy, depleting crop yield and quality. Our group previously confirmed 2,4-D resistance in three Palmer amaranth (Amaranthus palmeri S. Watson) populations (R1 to R3). In the current study, the first filial (F1) seeds of 2,4-D–resistant populations were subjected to screening tests for resistance to other auxin-mimicking
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Smooth pigweed (Amaranthus hybridus) and unresolved Amaranthus spp. from Brazil resistant to glyphosate exhibit the EPSPS TAP-IVS substitution Weed Sci. (IF 2.5) Pub Date : 2023-11-24 Estéfani Sulzbach, Guilherme Menegol Turra, Luan Cutti, Leonardo Vicente Ellert Kroth, Patrick J. Tranel, Aldo Merotto, Catarine Markus
The presence of glyphosate-resistant smooth pigweed (Amaranthus hybridus L.) biotypes has increased in southern Brazil in recent years, presenting the triple amino acid substitution TAP-IVS in 5-enol-pyruvylshikimate-3-phosphate synthase (EPSPS) previously found in Argentina. Some of these biotypes have morphological characteristics of A. hybridus and redroot amaranth (Amaranthus retroflexus L.). The
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A systematic review of chemical weed management in peanut (Arachis hypogaea) in the United States: challenges and opportunities Weed Sci. (IF 2.5) Pub Date : 2023-11-24 Olumide S. Daramola, Joseph E. Iboyi, Gregory E. MacDonald, Ramdas G. Kanissery, Barry L. Tillman, Hardeep Singh, Pratap Devkota
Herbicides are the primary tool for controlling weeds in peanut (Arachis hypogaea L.) and are crucial to sustainable peanut production in the United States. The literature on chemical weed management in peanut in the past 53 yr (1970 to 2022) in the United States was systematically reviewed to highlight the strengths and weaknesses of different herbicides and identify current research gaps in chemical
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Demographics of Palmer amaranth (Amaranthus palmeri) in annual and perennial cover crops Weed Sci. (IF 2.5) Pub Date : 2023-11-17 David A. Weisberger, Ramon G. Leon, Chandler E. Gruner, Matthew Levi, Nandita Gaur, Gaylon Morgan, Nicholas T. Basinger
Palmer amaranth (Amaranthus palmeri S. Watson) is the most problematic weed of cotton (Gossypium hirsutum L.)-cropping systems in the U.S. Southeast. Heavy reliance on herbicides has selected for resistance to multiple herbicide mechanisms of action. Effective management of this weed may require the integration of cultural practices that limit germination, establishment, and growth. Cover crops have
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Factors influencing subcanopy leaf and stolon exposure and associated absorption and translocation of herbicides in semidormant zoysiagrass Weed Sci. (IF 2.5) Pub Date : 2023-11-17 Jordan M. Craft, Navdeep Godara, Clebson G. Gonçalves, Shawn D. Askew
Turfgrass managers are concerned about zoysiagrass (Zoysia japonica Steud.) injury from nonselective herbicide treatment during winter dormancy. Research was conducted to assess factors affecting spray penetration into semidormant ‘Meyer’ zoysiagrass canopies and to evaluate absorption and translocation of [14C]glyphosate and [14C]glufosinate into green leaves and subtending stolons. Absorption of
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A hydrothermal model to predict Russian thistle (Salsola tragus) seedling emergence in the dryland of the Pacific Northwest (USA) Weed Sci. (IF 2.5) Pub Date : 2023-11-17 Fernando H. Oreja, Nicholas G. Genna, Jose L. Gonzalez-Andujar, Stewart B. Wuest, Judit Barroso
Russian thistle (Salsola tragus L.) is among the most troublesome weeds in cropland and ruderal semiarid areas of the Pacific Northwest (PNW). Predicting S. tragus emergence timing plays a critical role in scheduling weed management measures. The objective of this research was to develop and validate a predictive model of the seedling emergence pattern of S. tragus under field conditions in the PNW
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Evapotranspiration of Palmer amaranth (Amaranthus palmeri) in maize, soybean, and fallow under subsurface drip and center-pivot irrigation systems Weed Sci. (IF 2.5) Pub Date : 2023-11-17 Jasmine Mausbach, Suat Irmak, Meetpal S. Kukal, Kelsey Karnik, Debalin Sarangi, Amit J. Jhala
Palmer amaranth (Amaranthus palmeri S. Watson) is a major biotic constraint in agronomic cropping systems in the United States. While crop–weed competition models offer a beneficial tool for understanding and predicting crop yield losses, within these models, certain weed biological characteristics and their responses to the environment are unknown. This limits understanding of weed growth in competition
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Breeding allelopathy in cereal rye for weed suppression Weed Sci. (IF 2.5) Pub Date : 2023-11-17 Democrito Rebong, Shannon Henriquez Inoa, Virginia M. Moore, S. Chris Reberg-Horton, Steven Mirsky, J. Paul Murphy, Ramon G. Leon
Rapid increase in the hectarage and agricultural systems that use cover cropping for soil conservation and improvement, soil moisture retention, and weed management has highlighted the need to develop formal breeding programs for cover crop species. Cereal rye (Secale cereale L.) is preferred by many growers due to high biomass production and weed-suppression potential, which is believed to be partially
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Inheritance of resistance to S-metolachlor in a waterhemp (Amaranthus tuberculatus) population from central Illinois Weed Sci. (IF 2.5) Pub Date : 2023-11-08 Dylan R. Kerr, Jeanaflor Crystal T. Concepcion, Dean E. Riechers
Waterhemp [Amaranthus tuberculatus (Moq.) Sauer] is a dioecious weed that has evolved resistance to very-long-chain fatty-acid elongase (VLCFAE)–inhibiting herbicides via rapid metabolism. Although detoxification enzyme activities are associated with S-metolachlor resistance in two multiple herbicide–resistant (MHR) A. tuberculatus populations from Illinois, the genetic basis of resistance is unknown
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Allelopathic effects of aqueous extracts from uncomposted and composted Mexican devil (Ageratina adenophora) plants on forest fungal growth and soil nitrogen and phosphorus mobilization Weed Sci. (IF 2.5) Pub Date : 2023-11-07 Yujie Jiao, Jianguo Huang
Mexican devil [Ageratina adenophora (Spreng.) R.M. King & H. Rob.], a globally invasive weed with destructive effects on forests, has spread to numerous countries. To elucidate the inhibition of tree growth by A. adenophora, a study was conducted using the fungi (Lactarius deliciosus, Ceriporia lacerata, and Fomitopsis palustris) involved in the recycling of carbon and nutrients in forests. The focus
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Physical and physiological pathways of off-target triclopyr movement and associated non-target injury following basal bark application Weed Sci. (IF 2.5) Pub Date : 2023-11-07 Conrad A. Oberweger, Stephen F. Enloe, P. Chris Wilson, Candice M. Prince, Benjamin P. Sperry, Francisca O. Hinz
Basal bark treatment with triclopyr butoxyethyl ester is used to control woody invasive plants, including Brazilian peppertree (Schinus terebinthifolia Raddi). However, the ester formulation cannot be applied where standing water is present, which includes wetlands where S. terebinthifolia is found. In 2009, a low-volatile acid formulation of triclopyr was labeled for use in aquatic sites, which allows
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Implications of weakening of the United States Geological Survey Pesticide National Synthesis Project for Weed Scientists Weed Sci. (IF 2.5) Pub Date : 2023-10-23 Lynn M. Sosnoskie, Stephen O. Duke
Weeds are a significant threat to the production of agronomic, horticultural, and ornamental crops, as direct competition for resources can result in substantial yield shortfalls (WSSA 2023). A review of research data generated across the United States and Canada indicated that unmanaged weeds have the potential to reduce corn and soybean production by approximately 50%, even when other best management
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The genetic diversity and population structure of weedy rice in northeast Thailand accessed by SSR markers Weed Sci. (IF 2.5) Pub Date : 2023-10-23 Monchita Ponsen, Kularb Loasatit, Tidarat Monkham, Jirawat Sanitchon, Peerapon Moung-ngam, Sompong Chankaew
Thailand’s northeast (NE) region is an area of high-quality cultivated rice (Oryza sativa L.) production. However, an outbreak of weedy rice has recently spread throughout the region. Weedy rice is phenotypically and morphologically similar to cultivated rice, making identification difficult. The prospective management of weedy rice in the future will involve the study of its genetic diversity and
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Impact of cereal rye cover crop on the fate of preemergence herbicides flumioxazin and pyroxasulfone and control of Amaranthus spp. in soybean Weed Sci. (IF 2.5) Pub Date : 2023-10-18 Jose Nunes, Nicholas J. Arneson, John Wallace, Karla Gage, Eric Miller, Sarah Lancaster, Thomas Mueller, Rodrigo Werle
Preemergence herbicides associated with cereal rye (Secale cereale L.) cover crop (hereafter “cereal rye”) can be an effective waterhemp [Amaranthus tuberculatus (Moq.) Sauer.] and Palmer amaranth (Amaranthus palmeri S. Watson) management strategy in soybean [Glycine max (L.) Merr.] production. Delaying cereal rye termination until soybean planting (planting green) optimizes biomass production and
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Characterization of mesosulfuron-methyl + iodosulfuron-methyl and pyroxsulam–resistant annual bluegrass (Poa annua) in an annual cropping system Weed Sci. (IF 2.5) Pub Date : 2023-10-13 Vijaya Bhaskar Alwarnaidu Vijayarajan, Charlotte Morgan, Nawaporn Onkokesung, Sarah K. Cook, Trevor R. Hodkinson, Susanne Barth, Michael Hennessy, Patrick D. Forristal
Herbicide-resistant annual bluegrass (Poa annua L.) has become a problem in non-arable land areas. In arable fields, P. annua is frequently of lower priority in weed control program due to the variety of control options available and the relatively modest impact on crop yield compared with other species. In Ireland, postemergence herbicides are not primarily intended for P. annua control, but some
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Addressing biases in replacement series: the importance of reference density selection for interpretation of competition outcomes Weed Sci. (IF 2.5) Pub Date : 2023-10-05 Ramon G. Leon, Fernando H. Oreja, Steven B. Mirsky, Chris Reberg-Horton
Replacement series are used by researchers to understand how competition-related variables influence dynamics from the individual to the population and community levels, but this approach has been criticized because of inherent biases associated with plant size differences and density-dependent responses. The use of functional densities instead of demographic densities was proposed to minimize those
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Exploring chemical control of 2,4-D–resistant wild radish (Raphanus raphanistrum) with auxin-related compounds Weed Sci. (IF 2.5) Pub Date : 2023-10-05 Danica Goggin, Candy Taylor, Roberto Busi, Chad Sayer, Andrew Wells, Mark Slatter, Ken Flower
Synthetic auxin herbicides were developed and commercialized 60 yr before their mode of action was definitively elucidated. Although evolution of resistance to auxinic herbicides proceeded more slowly than for some other herbicide chemistries, it has become a major problem in the dicotyledonous weeds of many cropping areas of the world. With the molecular characterization of the auxin perception and
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Characterization of MCPA resistance in Palmer amaranth (Amaranthus palmeri) Weed Sci. (IF 2.5) Pub Date : 2023-09-27 Rishabh Singh, François J. Tardif, Mithila Jugulam
Phenoxy herbicides (2,4-D and MCPA) are widely used to manage broadleaf weeds including Palmer amaranth (Amaranthus palmeri S. Watson), one of the most troublesome weeds in U.S. cropping systems. Previously, we documented resistance to 2,4-D and MCPA in an A. palmeri population (KCTR) from Kansas. Our recent research suggested rapid metabolism of 2,4-D bestows resistance in KCTR A. palmeri; nonetheless
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Does narrow row spacing suppress weeds and increase yields in corn and soybean? A meta-analysis Weed Sci. (IF 2.5) Pub Date : 2023-09-20 Mandeep Singh, Resham Thapa, Navdeep Singh, Steven B. Mirsky, Bharat S. Acharya, Amit J. Jhala
Narrow row spacing (<76 cm) could improve crop competitiveness, suppress weeds and might provide yield advantage. Many studies have been conducted to evaluate the impact of narrow row spacing; however, no quantitative synthesis of these studies exists. The objectives of this meta-analysis were to (1) quantify the overall effect of narrow row spacing (<76 cm) on weed density, biomass, control, weed
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Herbicide response and germination behavior of two goosegrass (Eleusine indica) populations in the Australian environment Weed Sci. (IF 2.5) Pub Date : 2023-09-15 Virender Singh Hooda, Bhagirath Singh Chauhan
Goosegrass [Eleusine indica (L.) Gaertn.] is one of the most problematic grassy weeds in the world. It is considered to be an important weed in summer fallows and crops grown in the eastern region of Australia. To examine the seed germination ecology of two populations (Gatton and Ingham) of E. indica and their response to postemergence herbicides in Australian conditions, experiments were carried
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A global perspective of education in weed science Weed Sci. (IF 2.5) Pub Date : 2023-09-04 Taseer Ahmad, Khawar Jabran, Zahid Ata Cheema, Ali Ahsan Bajwa, Muhammad Farooq
In modern agriculture, weed problems are predicted to worsen and become more complicated as a result of increasing invasiveness, herbicide resistance, and emphasis on high-input methods. Weeds cause huge economic yield losses that range from US$100 million to US$26 billion globally. The knowledge of weed science has offered success in the past through effective, reasonably priced, and secure technologies;
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Tuber development and propagation are inhibited by GA3 effects on the DELLA-dependent pathway in purple nutsedge (Cyperus rotundus) Weed Sci. (IF 2.5) Pub Date : 2023-09-04 Chen-Yang Wei, Dan-Li Fan, Shu-Yu Liu, Shan-Chi Yi, Shi-Xian Yu, Guo-Chao Zhao, Xiao-Liang Liu, Wen-Wei Tang
Purple nutsedge (Cyperus rotundus L.) is a globally distributed noxious weed that poses a significant challenge for control due to its fast and efficient propagation through the tuber, which is the primary reproductive organ. Gibberellic acid (GA3) has proven to be crucial for tuberization in tuberous plants. Therefore, understanding the relationship between GA3 and tuber development and propagation
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Relative uptake of organic and inorganic nitrogen by common weed species Weed Sci. (IF 2.5) Pub Date : 2023-08-29 Nicholas D. Warren, Erik A. Hobbie, Janet Chen, Richard G. Smith
The extent to which weed species vary in their ability to acquire and use different forms of nitrogen (N) (inorganic and organic) has not been investigated but could have important implications for weed survival and weed–crop competition in agroecosystems. We conducted a controlled environment experiment using stable isotopes to determine the uptake and partitioning of organic and inorganic N (amino
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Exploring the potential of electric weed control: a review Weed Sci. (IF 2.5) Pub Date : 2023-08-22 Miranda J. Slaven, Maximilian Koch, Catherine P. D. Borger
Weed management is a significant challenge that must be addressed both globally and in Australia, where traditional methods of control have become limited. The avoidance of mechanical practices has resulted in reduced erosion but has also led to an increased reliance on chemicals and a subsequent increase in rates of herbicide resistance. To address this challenge, alternative forms of weed management
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Agricultural Research Service Weed Science Research: Past, Present, and Future Weed Sci. (IF 2.5) Pub Date : 2023-08-16 Stephen L. Young, James V. Anderson, Scott R. Baerson, Joanna Bajsa-Hirschel, Dana M. Blumenthal, Chad S. Boyd, Clyde D. Boyette, Eric B. Brennan, Charles L. Cantrell, Wun S. Chao, Joanne C. Chee-Sanford, Charlie D. Clements, F. Allen Dray, Stephen O. Duke, Kayla M. Eason, Reginald S. Fletcher, Michael R. Fulcher, John F. Gaskin, Brenda J. Grewell, Erik P. Hamerlynck, Robert E. Hoagland, David P. Horvath
The U.S. Department of Agriculture–Agricultural Research Service (USDA-ARS) has been a leader in weed science research covering topics ranging from the development and use of integrated weed management (IWM) tactics to basic mechanistic studies, including biotic resistance of desirable plant communities and herbicide resistance. ARS weed scientists have worked in agricultural and natural ecosystems
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Federal agency perspectives and funding opportunities for weed and invasive plant research Weed Sci. (IF 2.5) Pub Date : 2023-08-16 Stephen L. Young, James J. Kells, Vijay K. Nandula
Weeds and invasive plants know no borders and have collectively impacted many ecosystems worldwide, including croplands, forests, grasslands, rangelands, wetlands, and riparian areas. Losses continue to mount, affecting yield and productivity, species diversity, and ecosystem services, with both short- and long-term repercussions on the sustainability of plant and animal communities and the livelihoods
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Interference of Brassicaceae weeds (Brassica tournefortii, Rapistrum rugosum, and Sisymbrium thellungii) in chickpea Weed Sci. (IF 2.5) Pub Date : 2023-08-09 Gulshan Mahajan, Bhagirath Singh Chauhan
African mustard (Brassica tournefortii Gouan), turnipweed [Rapistrum rugosum (L.) All.], and African turnipweed (Sisymbrium thellungii O.E. Schulz) are common broadleaf weeds in chickpea (Cicer arietinum L.) crops, particularly under dryland region conditions in eastern Australia. Information on crop yield losses and the seed production potential for these weeds in chickpea are limited. Field studies
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High seeding rates, interrow mowing, and electrocution for weed management in organic no-till planted soybean Weed Sci. (IF 2.5) Pub Date : 2023-08-09 Annika V. Rowland, Uriel D. Menalled, Christopher J. Pelzer, Lynn M. Sosnoskie, Antonio DiTommaso, Matthew R. Ryan
No-till planting organic soybean [Glycine max (L.) Merr.] into roller-crimped cereal rye (Secale cereale L.) can have several advantages over traditional tillage-based organic production. However, suboptimal cereal rye growth in fields with large populations of weeds may result in reduced weed suppression, weed–crop competition, and soybean yield loss. Ecological weed management theory suggests that
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Hazelnut abscission is delayed by simulated drift of 2,4-D Weed Sci. (IF 2.5) Pub Date : 2023-08-02 Marcelo L. Moretti, Larissa Larroca de Souza
The herbicide 2,4-D is commonly used for sucker control in hazelnut (Corylus avellana L.). However, the use of 2,4-D for sucker control has been implicated in delaying natural abscission in hazelnut. Hazelnuts naturally abscise and are collected from the orchard floor. Delays in abscission may reduce nut quality due to the onset of the rainy season, increasing mold and mud in the nuts. The effect of
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Characterization and classification of urban weed species in northeast China using terrestrial hyperspectral images Weed Sci. (IF 2.5) Pub Date : 2023-08-01 Jinfeng Wang, Guoqing Chen, Jinyan Ju, Tenghui Lin, Ruidong Wang, Zhentao Wang
Weeds contribute to biodiversity and a wide range of ecosystem functions. It is crucial to map different weed species and analyze their physiological activities. Remote sensing techniques for plant identification, especially hyperspectral imaging, are being developed using spectral response patterns to vegetation for detection and species identification. A library of hyperspectral images of 40 urban
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Herbicide resistance in Bromus spp.: a global review Weed Sci. (IF 2.5) Pub Date : 2023-07-31 Victor H. V. Ribeiro, Judit Barroso, Caio A. C. G. Brunharo, Carol Mallory-Smith
This review summarizes what is currently known about herbicide resistance in Bromus spp. worldwide. Additional information on the biology and genetics of Bromus spp. is provided to further the understanding of resistance evolution and dispersal of the different species. Cases of herbicide resistance have been confirmed in Bromus catharticus Vahl., Bromus commutatus Schrad. (syn.: Bromus racemosus L
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Black-grass (Alopecurus myosuroides) in cereal multispectral detection by UAV Weed Sci. (IF 2.5) Pub Date : 2023-07-27 Jonathan Cox, Xiaodong Li, Charles Fox, Shaun Coutts
Site-specific weed management (on the scale of a few meters or less) has the potential to greatly reduce pesticide use and its associated environmental and economic costs. A prerequisite for site-specific weed management is the availability of accurate maps of the weed population that can be generated quickly and cheaply. Improvements and cost reductions in unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs) and camera
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α-Tubulin mutation Thr-239-Ile in annual bluegrass (Poa annua) induces variable responses to prodiamine and dithiopyr Weed Sci. (IF 2.5) Pub Date : 2023-07-24 Eli C. Russell, Claudia Ann Rutland, Jinesh Patel, Nathan D. Hall, Bo Bi, Xiao Li, J. Scott McElroy
Mitotic-inhibiting herbicides, like prodiamine and dithiopyr, are used to control annual bluegrass (Poa annua L.) preemergence in managed turfgrass; however, resistance to mitotic-inhibiting herbicides has evolved due to repeated applications of herbicide from a single mechanism of action. Three suspected resistant populations (R1, R2, and R3) were collected in Alabama and Florida and screened for
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The effects of cereal rye cover crop seeding rate, termination timing, and herbicide inputs on weed control and soybean yield Weed Sci. (IF 2.5) Pub Date : 2023-07-10 Alyssa I. Essman, Mark M. Loux, Alexander J. Lindsey, Anthony F. Dobbels
Growers have been experimenting with cover crop termination timings to maximize weed suppression and potentially reduce herbicide inputs in soybean [Glycine max (L.) Merr.]. A field study was replicated three times from 2018 through 2021 in South Charleston, OH, to evaluate different management strategies involving a cereal rye (Secale cereale L.) cover crop. The objectives were to determine the effects
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Views of RNAi approaches for weed management in turfgrass systems Weed Sci. (IF 2.5) Pub Date : 2023-07-10 Sandra R. Ethridge, Khara Grieger, Anna M. Locke, Wesley J. Everman, David L. Jordan, Ramon G. Leon
Public concern regarding the use of herbicides in urban areas (e.g., golf courses, parks, lawns) is increasing. Thus, there is a need for alternative methods for weed control that are safe for the public, effective against weeds, and yet selective to turfgrass and other desirable species. New molecular tools such as ribonucleic acid interference (RNAi) have the potential to meet all those requirements
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Using soybean chaff lining to manage waterhemp (Amaranthus tuberculatus) in a soybean–corn rotation Weed Sci. (IF 2.5) Pub Date : 2023-06-26 Avery J. Bennett, Ramawatar Yadav, Prashant Jha
Waterhemp (Amaranthus tuberculatus [Moq.] Sauer) escapes are common in midwestern U.S. soybean [Glycine max (L.) Merr.] fields due to the continued rise in herbicide-resistant (HR) populations. In a conventional harvesting system, weed seeds are harvested with the crop grain and spread back on to the field. Harvest weed seed control methods such as chaff lining concentrate weed seed-bearing crop and
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Competing with the competitors in an endless competition: a systematic review of nonchemical weed management research in peanut (Arachis hypogea) in the United States Weed Sci. (IF 2.5) Pub Date : 2023-06-15 Olumide S. Daramola, Joseph E. Iboyi, Gregory E. MacDonald, Ramdas G. Kanissery, Hardeep Singh, Barry L. Tillman, Pratap Devkota
Weed interference is a major factor that reduces peanut (Arachis hypogaea L.) yield in the United States. Peanut growers rely heavily on herbicides for weed control. Although effective, herbicides are not a complete solution to the complex challenge that weeds present. Therefore, the use of nonchemical weed management options is essential. The literature on weed research in peanut in the past 53 yr
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A survey of weed research priorities: key findings and future directions Weed Sci. (IF 2.5) Pub Date : 2023-06-13 Daniel C. Brainard, Erin R. Haramoto, Ramon G. Leon, James J. Kells, Lee R. Van Wychen, Pratap Devkota, Mithila Jugulam, Jacob N. Barney
We conducted an online survey of weed scientists in the United States and Canada to (1) identify research topics perceived to be important for advancing weed science in the next 5 to 10 years and (2) gain insight into potential gaps in current expertise and funding sources needed to address those priorities. Respondents were asked to prioritize nine broad research areas, as well as 5 to 10 subcategories