Monitoring honey bee abundance is important for maintaining crop pollination and wild bee protection. Although the use of pan traps is a popular method of monitoring bees, the traps rarely capture honey bees and have some drawbacks. Here, we tested a new trapping method for monitoring honey bee abundance. Specifically, using dry funnel traps and two different odor attractants, we compared the efficacy

Stingless bee honey is a unique edible natural product and has been used by humankind for millenniums for various purposes, mostly as food and for therapeutic uses. The compositions of honey and propolis are varied in different geographical locations which contribute to different pharmacological activities. Many studies reported on the pharmaceutical importance and properties of stingless bee honey

In New Zealand, the introduced honey bee (Apis mellifera) is a valuable production animal, providing pollination services for horticultural crops and significant export volumes of honey, especially mānuka honey. Honey bees in New Zealand are free from a number of significant diseases and pests such as European foulbrood, acarine disease, small hive beetle, Israeli acute paralysis virus and tropilaelaps

The effect of gamma radiation on the whole body contents of fatty acids and elemental composition were investigated for honey bee workers Apis mellifera. The data indicated that the quantities of fatty acids and elemental composition within the whole body of the workers of A. mellifera were affected significantly especially at the dose of 20 rad. Data obtained indicated that the palmitic (C16:0), oleic

The genus Scaura Schwarz is characterized by having specimens with metabasitarsus as inflated as the metatibia and malar space shorter than the diameter of the flagellum. Some of its species need both termitaria and preexisting cavities for nesting, in addition, this genus has specimens that build the brood cells in the form of horizontal discs (S. amazonica, S. aspera, S. cearensis, S. atlantica and

As interest in propolis as a human medicinal product increases, so too does interest in its botanical sources and production. While literature reviewing the chemical constituents and therapeutic properties of propolis is relatively thorough, work regarding the biological, ecological, and environmental factors affecting propolis production is rarer. In this review, literature investigating factors that

Royal Jelly (RJ) is one of the many important honey bee products that is also a functional food item in the regulation of diets and in the cosmetic industry. Many factors affect the composition of RJ. There is not enough information about the composition of early harvest (earlier than 72 h) RJ. In addition, no information has been found regarding the number of grafted larvae in reviewed studies. Thus

Varroasisis caused by Varroa destrucor (Anderson and Trueman) is considered the most dangerous honey bee disease. V. destructor mites parasitize both brood and adults, causing considerable losses to the colony population. The control of Varroa mites is highly dependent on the application of synthetic acaricides, however, acaricide resistance can develop. To eliminate the risk of Varroa mite resistance

Leaf cutter bees (genus Megachile) are a diverse group of pollinators of wild and cultivated plants. Many species nest in pre-existing cavities and use diverse building materials to construct their brood cells. For instance, species of subgenus Chrysosarus add a mud layer between two layers of leaves or petals. We studied similarities and differences in their nesting biology from 13 nests of Megachile

In this research, we report the isolation of Enterococcus durans EDD2, which showed strong inhibitory activity against Paenibacillus larvae, the causative agent of the American foulbrood disease (AFB). The strain was found in freshly collected pollen granules from four beehives in Dushantzi village (Pirdop region, Bulgaria), and was determined by polyphase approach including molecular, biochemical

Nosema ceranae is the microsporidium causing a disease highly prevalent in honey bees. Since few treatments are available to control this disease, cleaning and disinfection of beekeeping equipment could be a useful tool for decreasing the number of viable spores and therefore the risk of infection. Up to date, the information about the efficacy of substances suitable for beekeeping use is scarce. In

Propolis, a type of resin produced by honey bees, has many medicinal properties. Various extraction methods and conditions had been studied to extract the bioactive compounds from raw propolis. However, different extraction methods and extraction conditions were reported to exhibit different extraction efficiencies. Hence, in this study, different extraction methods, namely maceration, ultrasound-assisted

After reaching high export production in 2010, the quantity of honey export gradually declined and consumed more imported honey until the year 2017 in Malaysia. This circumstance happened due to low yield in rearing common bees from the local beekeepers. Stingless bees (Trigona) emerged as one of the alternative species that is expected to generate the existing domestic supply of honey in Malaysia

Geopropolis has medicinal potential and has been studied due to its complex chemical composition, with more than 300 compounds already identified. However, its physical components are still little known, mainly the soil fraction. In this study, we characterized components of geopropolis produced by stingless bee Melipona scutellaris to know its matrix considering, both the granulometric characteristics

Climate change (CC) is an important driver affecting pollination and pollinators. This paper aims to provide an updated potential distribution for Centris nigrescens Lepeletier, 1841, and infer CC effects upon it. We used ten modeling methods to infer the potential distribution of C. nigrescens. We measured the extent of species’ suitable area (SSA) that is and maybe within protected areas and biogeographical

We report tear and sweat drinking Lisotrigona bees from Thenzawl (Mizoram), Bhanupratppur, and Barnawapara (Chhattisgarh) for the first time from India. Their feeding was observed from 0900 to 1530 hours. Drinking on tear and sweat lasted for 35 to 180 seconds. Further detailed studies on foraging activity, identification of species, nesting behavior, and nest structure of these species are underway

Chitin is basically responsible for protecting the body of honey bees against external attacks due to its hard cellulose structure. The chitin-structured body of honey bees is destroyed by Varroa destructor, the world’s most devastating pest of Western honey bees; causes honey bee decline. Varroa harms honey bees not only by feeding but also by the wounds it inflicts. Varroa bites cause a hole in the

The honey bee is a key pollinator in natural and agricultural ecosystems. Unfortunately, the population of this rather important insect is declining worldwide due to factors such as infection with RNA viruses. Apiaries in Iran are also faced with these challenges, therefore, this study was conducted to identify the Lake Sinai virus (LSV) in both honey bee colonies and associated Varroa destructor mites

Formic acid based treatments are active also against Varroas enclosed inside sealed brood. For its organic nature and the low risk of long-lasting residues in bee products, are very popular in Northern Europe, but could be problematic in Southern regions where summer temperatures are higher. In this study efficacy and tolerability of a 60% aqueous solution of formic acid administered via two different

American foulbrood disease (AFB) is an economically important, reportable bacterial infection of honey bees (Apis mellifera) caused by the spore-forming pathogen Paenibacillus larvae. Currently, there are no viable measures for treating P. larvae infected hives other than incineration. The objective of this study was to determine the activity of chlorine dioxide (ClO2) gas against P. larvae spores

The pollen stored by stingless bees (samburá) is a product of the hive considered a functional food. However, few studies related to this promising product for human consumption are found in the literature. Thus, the aim of this study was to evaluate the chemical and microbiological characteristics of samburá from two species of stingless bee. The samples were submitted to chemical (moisture, ash,

Nowadays there is an increasing interest in the use of honey in the traditional Mediterranean diet, due to its high quality of sugar content as well as its strong antioxidant and antibacterial properties. Thus, the detailed knowledge of the chemical composition and bioactivities of honey is of great importance. In this study, the chemical characterization and the authentication of the aromatic profile

The plant diversity present in Andean ecosystems is fundamental for the preservation of pollinator species, particularly for bees, due to their direct dependence on the supply of pollen and nectar. Palynology is an important tool in studying the interactions between bees and the flora of a region. This work aimed to determine the botanical composition of bee pollen harvested by Apis mellifera L. in

For many hymenopteran insects, floral pollen is essential for survival and development. Nutritional analysis of floral pollen is important to understand plant–pollinator interactions. Here, we evaluated a simple method for measuring proteins and amino acids in pollen; it requires samples far smaller than are required by conventional methods. We used a fluorometer for quantitative analysis of protein

Current diagnostic techniques for the detection of the small hive beetle (SHB), Aethina tumida are limitedly available and not cost effective. More sensitive pragmatic methods are preferred for early detection. To improve diagnostics, we focused on sampling techniques for SHB frass, as an indicator for SHB presence in a honey bee colony. In this study, we successfully tested a novel approach of employing

(2021). Correction. Journal of Apicultural Research. Ahead of Print.

A synthetic acaricide, amitraz is widely used to control Varroa destructor. Although it has the potential to kill mites in honey bee colonies, the residue of amitraz and its metabolites in honey products is still of concern. Here, we determined the residue levels of amitraz and its metabolites in honey and beeswax when colonies were treated with different doses of Apivar® (1X = 2 strips, 5X = 10 strips

Sour honey is a natural product produced by Trigona species, which is a stingless bee. The distribution of this honey is very low because of the limited knowledge and has resulted in being less popular in terms of industrial production and quality standard. The objective of the present study is the biochemical and bioactivity analysis of 7 sour honeys (Trigona species) and one sweet honey collected

Propolis has been used by humans as a nutraceutical agent with therapeutic benefits for many centuries. The chemical composition and biological activities of propolis depend on its botanical and geographical origins. The aim of this study was to characterize Korean propolis by quantitating their chrysin content using an ultra high performance liquid chromatography (UPLC). Methanol extracts of propolis

Trigona spinipes is a generalist species of stingless bee that is dominant in many pollination networks and has a wide distribution in the tropics and subtropics of the Neotropics. This eusocial species builds exposed aerial nests in tree branches. Although some studies have been carried out on nest density, there are surprisingly few studies on its bionomy, and especially on the population size of

Neonicotinoid insecticides are often detected in pollen and nectar, which are the main food resources for honey bees. Sub-lethal and chronic exposure to these insecticides may have a prolonged effect on honey bees who are solely dependent on the stored food inside of the hive during cold weather. Our study investigated the effects of sub-lethal concentrations of imidacloprid on late fall forager honey

Due to their foraging behavior, honey bees interact with the landscape. As a result, honey bees and their brood will be exposed to pesticides through nectar and pollen entering the hive. Although these pathways seem rather straightforward, there are several steps between the entry of nectar and pollen and its consumption by the colony. One of the aspects involved here is the time between collection

In the Cerrado, the Brazilian savanna, studies on the relationship of agroforestry systems (AFS) with the edaphic and biotic factors are still incipient. In this study, the community of bees in AFS in the Brazilian Cerrado was characterized for structural parameters and composition of these systems with respect to the richness and abundance of bees. It was determined that 56 individuals, representing

The industry demands high quality and standards-compliant beeswax, which is difficult to find in western countries. As a result, it is necessary to explore new geographical sources. This work focuses on the characterization of beeswax from Mozambique in terms of saturated hydrocarbon profile and thermal properties comparing them with others from diverse origins. The hydrocarbons found (C21H44-C35H72)

The accelerating decline of pollinator populations has become increasingly concerning in the last two decades. Honey bees are economically important pollinators and a model species to evaluate pollinator health. The decline in queen quality is one of the frequently reported causes associated with honey bee losses worldwide. Histopathology is an essential tool used for diagnostics and research in mammalian

Scientific research on honey has grown substantially over the past decades, accumulating more evidence on its role in complementary and alternative medicine. We conducted a bibliometric analysis of honey research from 2011 to 2020 to see the trend of publications in this study area. Based on the keywords used, which are related to honey in the article title, the study retrieved 4,433 documents for

Based on microsatellite markers and non-lethal sampling of orchid bee males, we assessed the genetic diversity and population structure of three species, Euglossa pleosticta, Euglossa imperialis, and Eulaema nigrita, collected from forest remnants in the Brazilian savanna biome. Among these species, El. nigrita has being acknowledged as more tolerant to savanic areas, since it is more frequently found

In honey production, high yields can be achieved with migratory beekeeping. Migratory beekeepers complete the honey production season by moving their colonies to areas with high nectar flow. Traditionally migratory beekeepers decide where to go based on their previous experience. Nowadays, given the rapidly changing climatic conditions, it is seen that the regions to be visited should be decided with

A study was carried out to investigate the influence of differently aged wax combs (foundation as zero, 1, 2, 3 and 4 − 6 years old) on some biological aspects that affect the productivity of honey bee colonies. Twenty-five package colonies were equally divided and situated on each of the tested combs during the spring of two successive years (2018 and 2019). The obtained results revealed that worker

Oxalic acid (OA) is a natural compound that has been used to control the honey bee (Apis mellifera) pest Varroa destructor. One method of OA application gaining popularity among beekeepers in the US involves vaporizing OA crystals with heat inside a closed hive. Herein, we tested different doses of OA applied via vaporization to determine the most effective amount of OA needed to reduce V. destructor

We present a model for tracking future task frequency distributions of individual adult worker honey bee (Apis mellifera L.) cohorts in a colony based on the composition of immatures at a specific time period. The user inputs the proportions of brood comb occupied by eggs, larvae, capped brood, or non-brood/empty cells. The model captured an experimental example where a brood comb is inserted into

Apis mellifera scutellata was introduced in Brazil in 1956. This subspecies originated from Africanized polyhybrid honey bees (A. mellifera), and quickly spread due to its high adaptability, reproductive behavior, foraging ability, and defensiveness. Good management practices have been developed that allow for good beekeeping performance of this introduced subspecies in Brazil. The selection of queens

Herein, we investigated the genetic diversity and population structure of Euglossa cordata L., an orchid bee species widely distributed at the heterogeneous set of vegetal physiognomies encompassed in a transition zone (TZ) of different Brazilian biomes. We then tested whether phytogeographic regions would play some rule for the genetic diversity. Results revealed that only 12 and 28 out 78 pairs of

Protein and phenolic compound content and antioxidant capacity were determined from honey bee collected unifloral pollen pellets from Ranunculus, Brassica, Filipendula, Rubus, Vicia, Trifolium, Epilobium, and Taraxacum species of boreal coniferous zone in Finland. The aim of the study was to investigate the relation between the chemical composition and the botanical origin of the pollen pellets. The

This nation-wide survey including 382 Swedish apiaries is the first to document base-line information of the prevalence and distribution of the ectoparasitic mite Varroa destructor, the mite-associated viruses Deformed wing virus and Acute bee paralysis virus, and the bacterial honey bee pathogens Paenibacillus larvae and Melissococcus plutonius in the country. Varroa and associated viruses were not

The health of western honey bees (Apis mellifera L.) is constantly affected by Nosema ceranae, a microsporidian threat to colonies worldwide. We extracted propolis, a natural product exhibiting antimicrobial properties, from honey bee hives, fed it to worker bees before or after infection with N. ceranae, and determined its ability to protect bees from and treat them after infection. Protection from

Bees of the Meliponini tribe are the most diverse group of social bees in the world and their need for trophic resources (pollen and nectar) makes them the main floral visitors and consequently the main pollinators of tropical forests. The trophic resources of stingless bees of the genera Melipona, Frieseomelitta and Plebeia (Apidae: Meliponini) were studied during the dry season of 2016 and rainy

We characterized Tetragonisca angustula and Melipona beecheii honeys produced in Costa Rica according to their physical and chemical properties. Moreover, we found critical parameters that distinguish the honeys from each other. Forty-eight samples of honey of both stingless bee species were analyzed (T. angustula, n = 32; M. beecheii, n = 16). T. angustula honey is characterized by having significantly

Propolis (bee glue) is a sticky material collected by bees from plant resins, it has been proven to possess numerous beneficial pharmacological properties: antibacterial, antiviral, antioxidant, antiinflammatory, immunostimulating, hepatoprotective, cytotoxic, etc. Nowadays, propolis is a popular remedy all over the world, and is available in either pure form or combined with other natural products

The aim of this study was to assess the quality and characterise a selection of honey varieties with the use of physicochemical, FTIR, and chemometric analysis. The research material consisted of monofloral nectar honeys of 5 distinct varieties: black locust, raspberry, oilseed rape, linden, and buckwheat. The contents of water, soluble solids, 5-hydroxymethylfurfural, free acidity, pH, electrical

The small hive beetle (SHB) Aethina tumida Murray (Coleoptera: Nitidulidae) is an invasive pest of honey bees reported in Korea in 2016. This study was carried out to understand adult performance of SHBs under different temperatures and to construct an oviposition model as a part of the population model. Newly emerged adults were subjected to constant temperatures (15, 20, 25, 30, 35 and 37 °C), their

In this study, we analyzed Apis mellifera royal jelly proteome alterations induced by supplementation with different concentrations of dietary organic zinc (0, 25, 50, and 75 ppm). Proteins extracted from royal jelly were separated by electrophoresis and isoelectric focusing, and zinc-containing protein spots were identified by tandem mass spectrometry. Organic zinc-containing diets modified total

Supplementary feeding speed up the development of bees, especially in multiplications through the division of brood combs and foragers, in which the stock of feed within the box is inexistent. The objective of this study was to evaluate the formation, development and productive parameters of microcolonies of Melipona rufiventris fed different protein supplements. Two experiments were conducted. The

In Africa there is a scarcity of information on how plant species that can provide forage for honey bees vary across differentially structured landscapes, and what are the implications of such variabilities on colony integrity. This research presents new insights into the diversity and richness of pollen collected by Apis mellifera scutellata, a subspecies of the Western honey bee native to sub-Saharan

The main objective of the present study was to evaluate under laboratory conditions the toxicity of essential oils (EOs) extracted from Mentha suaveolens L. subsp. timija (Briq.) Harley, Chenopodium ambrosioides L. and Laurus nobilis L. against Varroa destructor adult mites. Also, various combinations were prepared by mixing equal concentrations of any two and all three studied EOs and used to evaluate

The mating of honey bees, Apis mellifera L. occurs in the air at specific locations called drone congregation areas (DCAs). The identification of these areas is important for beekeepers especially breeders of queens to ensure the mating of their virgin queens, and for studies on the mating behaviour of honey bee queens. In this study, remote sensing and geographical information systems were used for

The bioactive compounds, antioxidant activity, fatty acid composition, and antimicrobial activity of methanolic extracts of propolis collected from five locations in Turkey were examined. The total phenolics (TP) of propolis samples ranged from 79.17 to 174.51 mg GA/kg while the total flavonoids (TF) varied from 41.19 to 70.19 mg QE/kg; Muğla and Konya samples exhibited (p < 0.05) high TP and TF values

Adipokinetic hormone (AKH) and its receptor (AKHR) are crucial for energy homeostasis in insects, while their identification and functional characterization are controversial in bee species since the transition of energy storage from the solitary to the eusocial groups. As the primitively eusocial bee species, the bumble bee is an ideal organism for the evolution analysis of AKH and AKHR. In this current

Although present in very small quantities, metals are important constituents of honey, having a significant impact on vital functions in the human body. Moreover, honey can be a good source of natural antioxidants, which have an important role in reducing the negative effects of certain human diseases. The content of the determined macroelements in the analyzed samples of domestic honey turned out

This study aims to investigate the physicochemical profile, antioxidant activity, and mineral contents of honey from selected honey bee species namely Kelulut, Tualang, and Acacia honey. The findings show that Kelulut honey is superior due to its high antioxidant and total acidity, low pH, and high colour intensity. The total phenolic content of Kelulut, Tualang and Acacia honey varied between 12.15