Feed mill pellet production rate is of great importance to integrated meat bird production. Ingredients such as dried distillers grains with solubles (DDGS), inorganic phosphate source (IPS), and fat influence production rate and feed quality due to their composition. The naturally abrasive properties of an IPS may scour the pellet die and affect feed production rate. The objective of the study was

In order to explore the role of insulin and forkhead box protein O1 (FoxO1) on cell proliferation regulated by Sirt1 in goose primary hepatocyte, goose primary hepatocytes were isolated and incubated with Sirt1 inhibitor, nicotinamide, and then some hepatocytes were transfected with FoxO1 interference plasmid, or treated with insulin. The indexes related with cell proliferation were measured. The results

In the present study the occurrence of turkey carcass alterations such as breast skin lesions, liver lesions and arthritis from turkeys reared in organic farms were investigated at slaughterhouses in Germany. The examinations included 1860 turkey carcasses of the two turkey lines Kelly Broad Breasted Bronze (BBB) (540 toms and 540 hens) and British United Turkeys (B.U.T.) [Big 6 and The Test Product

Modern broilers have been selected for rapid growth but demonstrate reduced heat tolerance towards market age. As the poultry industry expands globally, strategies must be developed to support broiler performance in challenging climates. The objective of this study was to evaluate the effect of embryonic thermal manipulation (TM) and dietary fat source during the finisher period on broiler performance

The use of nutritional requirements adjusted to the new broiler genotypes defines their optimal genetic expression. Thus, broiler breeders, universities, and scientific institutions have carried out research with different nutritional requirements to improve the productive efficiency of broilers and decrease production costs. This test aimed to evaluate the growth performance and carcass characteristics

An experiment was conducted to evaluate high doses of phytase associated with multicarbohydrase complex in diets with a nutritional reduction on feed cost, performance, intestinal morphometry, digesta viscosity, blood and bone parameters, and carcass yield of broilers. For this purpose, 1,540 male one-day-old broiler chicks were distributed in a completely randomized design with five treatments, with

An experiment was conducted to evaluate the effects of phytase and multi-carbohydrase (MC) on growth performance, bone ash, and nutrient digestibility in broilers fed a nutritionally reduced diet. A total of 480 Cobb 500 male broilers were randomly allocated to 8 treatments with 6 replicates of 10 birds each. Experimental diets consisted of a positive control (PC); a negative control (NC) with the

While the number of students pursuing animal science degrees is increasing, more students are further removed from food animal production. There are not enough graduates to fill available jobs in agriculture. The poultry industry has a strong presence in the Midwest, but there are limited opportunities in many undergraduate programs to expose students to the industry and careers. Therefore, we created

Two experiments were designed to determine interactive effects of supplemental dietary Cu and amino acid (AA) density on growth performance, processing characteristics, ileal microflora, and AA digestibility of broilers. In experiment 1, 8 dietary treatments were used, consisting of a factorial arrangement of 3 Cu programs providing Cu concentrations of 135-135-135, 270-135-135, or 270-270-135 mg/kg

Owing to the high cost of feed for poultry, there is continuous pressure to formulate ‘least-cost’ diets that meet nutritional requirements. However, the main aim of any commercial enterprise is usually to maximize profits with the resources or inputs available, and the conventional or historic tool of least-cost ration formulation has limitations in a more demanding economic environment. The layer

Laying hen flocks undergo depopulation at end of lay, a difficult process that has been associated with injuries and is considered stressful to hens and human collectors. To date, most assessments of depopulations have been conducted within cage housing systems, layers, or noncage broilers, thus offering little relevance to noncage laying hen systems including aviaries. Given that the predominant housing

Salmonella is the pathogen mostly associated with feed and dry food safety incidents and is a cause of many foodborne outbreaks. In most feed mills conditioning and retentioning systems are installed to improve the pelleting process but also as a kill-step to reduce the microbial load of the feed material. As knowledge about the efficiency of this kill-step at different process conditions in specific

This study examined the effects of 2 corn-expressed phytases, differing in enzyme concentration within the grain (3,000 or 9,677 Fytase unit [FTU]/g), on broiler performance and tibia mineralization when used as a component in pelleted feed. Dietary treatments included a positive control (PC), with industry-recommended levels of calcium and phosphorous, and a negative control (NC), lower in calcium

A broiler study was conducted to compare the effectiveness of nonstarch polysaccharides-degrading enzyme (NSPase) in the presence of high dose of phytase, by comparing the effect of phytase alone or in combination, on growth performance, bone mineralization, and carcass traits. In total, 4,536 day-old male broiler birds were randomly allocated into 9 dietary treatments with 14 replicates and 36 birds

Feed accounts for more than 65% of live production costs of poultry production; thus, accurate feed formulation is vital to ensure poultry are receiving an optimal diet and nutrients are not in undersupply or oversupply. However, this is difficult when the nutrient compositions of feed ingredient batches are highly variable. To help reduce the variability in the specified finished feeds, appropriate

Cage-free housing of laying hens may provide opportunities for widespread environmental distribution of Salmonella contamination and horizontal transmission of infection within flocks. Salmonella Enteritidis in commercial laying flocks presents an ongoing public health concern because reproductive organ colonization in hens leads to deposition inside eggs. Many S. Enteritidis control programs include

This study was conducted to evaluate the effects of prepelleting whole corn (WC) inclusion on body weight (BW), feed intake, feed conversion ratio (FCR), processing yield, organ development, and gut microbiome of broilers from 14 to 42 d of age. One thousand male Ross × Ross 708 broilers were randomly distributed among 4 treatments with 10 replicate pens per treatment and 25 broilers per pen (0.12 m2/chick)

This study aimed to evaluate the effects of dietary yeast culture (YC) supplementation on the meat quality and antioxidant capacity of geese. Three hundred geese (live weight: 95.57 ± 2.42 g) were fed a basal diet (control), or diets supplemented with 0.5, 1.0, 2.0, or 4.0% YC for 70 d. Compared with the control, dietary YC supplementation increased (P < 0.05) the lightness and redness (a∗) readings

Although the poultry industry has developed into an intensive management system over the past several decades, current trends are moving toward extensive systems with decreased hen-stocking density. However, there is limited information on the resource demands of such systems, particularly with regards to labor requirements. Labor h commitment per hen originally housed and hens surviving were evaluated

The use of exogenous enzymes for poultry has been studied for years. However, there is still limited information on the effects of exogenous lipase supplementation on the growth performance of broilers fed with diets containing reduced nutritional levels. The objective was to investigate the effects of lipase supplementation on growth performance of broilers fed with diets containing different reduced

An experiment was conducted to evaluate the effects of dietary nonphytate phosphorus level and a novel corn-expressed phytase (GraINzyme, Agrivida Inc., Woburn, MA) supplementation on broiler growth performance and bone mineralization. Broilers were fed graded levels of nonphytate phosphorus from 0.20 to 0.44% increased by 0.06% and 4 levels of corn-expressed phytase (500; 1,500; 3,000; and 4,500 FTU/kg)

Mussel meal is an alternative feed ingredient that can reduce the gap in available protein-rich feedstuff for organic layer hen diets. Mussel meal production requires high input of energy because of mussel deshelling. The production of mussel meal through filtration could create a more cost-efficient product. A field study was conducted on a commercial farm to compare feeding laying hens with fishmeal

This study was conducted to establish the optimal digestible arginine (dArg) to digestible lysine (dLys) ratio of YPM × Ross 708 male broilers from 1 to 14 d of age, 1 to 25 d of age (Experiment 1), and 25 to 42 d of age (Experiment 2) based on growth performance, feed utilization, and processing yields. Diets were comprised of corn, wheat middlings, corn gluten meal, poultry meal, and soybean meal

Administration of functional feed additives, including Direct-Fed Microorganisms (DFM), dietary prebiotics, and phytogenic preparations, has been demonstrated to improve growth performance, animal health, and microbial food safety in poultry and is thought to be a potentially important component of antibiotic-free poultry production. In this study, we investigated the administration of Bacillus licheniformis

The overall objective in this study is to determine the effects of Bacillus subtilis and Bacillus licheniformis probiotic supplementation on performance and cecal Salmonella load in broilers challenged with Salmonella enterica serovar enteritidis. A total of 360 one-day-old broiler chicks were randomly distributed to 4 experimental groups in a 2 × 2 factorial setup of treatments: control, control + challenge

Research using a commercial broiler house demonstrated physical/nutrient feed segregation as feed varying in percent pellets (PP) and manufacturing technique was augered throughout a feed line (FL); these factors impacted bird performance and uniformity. The current objective was to investigate feed flow and segregation of pellets and fines as a bin of feed is augered throughout a commercial feed system

Replicated research has not identified the impact of augering feed on the pellet quality, feed segregation, and resulting bird performance; therefore, 2 experiments were conducted. Experiment 1 was conducted to determine the effects of pellet-to-fine ratios (P:F; 55:45 or 75:25) and liquid application method (LAM; mixer liquid application method [MLAM] or postpellet liquid application method [PPLAM]

Ensuring the safety of food sources continues to be a priority in animal production. This requires elucidating and utilizing interventions such as bacteriophages (BP) to reduce pathogens such as Salmonella. This study was conducted to evaluate the efficacy of a bacteriophage in the feed for its ability to reduce Salmonella Enteritidis (S.E.) colonization in broilers. Two hundred seventy day-of-hatch

Fractures to the keel bone is one of the greatest problems facing the laying hen industry. With most severe effects observed in non-cage housing, frequencies are expected to dramatically increase as the industry continues transitioning away from battery cages. Incidences within commercial systems are well documented, where the main cause is believed to be high egg production and the associated need

Phytase and xylanase are routinely used to reduce indigestible components and improve broiler performance; however, more research is needed to determine combined enzyme inclusion strategies (EIS) to maximize performance within diets varying in nutrient density (ND). It is also of interest to explore the potential for EIS to assist with disease mitigation. Therefore, a 2 ND (low density [LD]: 5% decrease

Phytase inclusion provides broiler production advantages such as improved growth performance and better nutrient digestibility. These effects become heightened in response to more complete degradation of IP6 and its lower esters to prevent chelation of nutrients. Therefore, strategies for the complete removal of the total phytate pool are being investigated to maximize the benefits previously mentioned

Salmonella enterica serovar Enteritidis (Salmonella Enteritidis [SE]) is a foodborne pathogen that is capable of affecting shell eggs and is regulated by Title 21 of the Code of Federal Regulations. A reservoir for this pathogen is the ceca of the gastrointestinal tract in chickens. In the present study, layer-type pullets in 2 consecutive studies were not treated or treated with a feed additive that

Previous research has shown that feeding high amino acid density (AAD) diets or increased AME improved broiler performance, though the relationship between AAD and AME on performance needs to be further explored. Therefore, the objective of this study was to evaluate the impact of feeding 2 AAD and 4 AME levels from day 0 to 14 on performance and yield of 42-day-old Cobb MV × Cobb 500 males. Starter

Euthanasia of large poultry can be particularly challenging due to the difficulty of manual cervical dislocation of large older birds. Euthanasia is intended to swiftly render the animal unconscious and rapidly lead to death using humane methods. Euthanasia by a single operator can be challenging when euthanizing mature broiler breeders and turkeys weighing from 4 to 30 Kg. Owing to the difficulty

The present study investigated the effect of carbohydrase enzyme, methionine (Met) (100% above Cobb 500 requirement level), or their combination on growth performance, carcass yield, total tract retention (TTR) of DM, CP, fatty acid (FA), muscle FA composition, lipid peroxidation products, and jejunum histomorphology in broiler chickens fed 10% flaxseed-containing diets. One hundred and twenty (n =

Research is needed to maximize the use of common feed enzymes, phytase and carbohydrase in combination. The objective was to determine effects of 2 phytase doses (PD; 250 [single dose] or 1,500 [super dose] FTU/kg) and 3 carbohydrase enzymes (xylanase [XAN]; mannanase [MAN]; or their combination [XM]) on 0- to 55-d broiler performance and processing (day 45 and 56). Enzymes were applied to a negative

Corn dried distillers' grains with solubles (DDGS) are an important ingredient for poultry feeds. The efficiency of producing ethanol has improved affecting its nutrient composition; for example, improvement of the extraction of fat; the use of enzymes to degrade most of the starch could be adding more variability between DDGS suppliers. Therefore, regular analysis of DDGS is imperative. In the present

An experiment was conducted to evaluate efficacy of 3 forms of trace minerals on broiler performance, economics, and retention of copper and zinc. A total of 384 Ross 308 male broilers were randomly allocated to 4 dietary treatments × 8 replicates × 12 birds/pen. The treatments were as follows: T1, classical inorganic trace minerals (ITM) at levels used in the industry (mg/kg: Fe 40, Cu 15, Mn and

This study was conducted to determine the phenotypic and genotypic characteristics of multidrug-resistant (MDR) avian pathogenic Escherichia coli (APEC). A total of 54 MDR APEC were divided into 23 serotypes, and O78 (16.6%) was the most frequently observed. The MDR APEC carried β-lactamase–encoding genes (38.9%), integrons (61.6%), plasmid-mediated quinolone–resistant genes (20.4%), tetracycline-resistant

This study was conducted to evaluate the effect of whole corn inclusion before pelleting on performance, processing yield, and microbiome modulation of broilers from 1 to 42 d of age. One thousand male Ross 708 broilers were randomly distributed among four treatments with 10 replicate pens per treatment and 25 broilers per pen. Treatments consisted of four levels of whole corn (0, 2.5, 5.0, and 7.5%)

The Middle East and North Africa (MENA) region is the largest importer of food in the World and the development and growth of any of its agricultural sectors contributes to improved food security. The production of poultry meat and eggs in the MENA region has been increasing steadily and moving to a highly sophisticated industry since the 1960’s. In this study, data were collected on production of

A 105-day experiment was conducted with 600 BIG 6 female turkeys to determine the effect of Progres (natural resin acids of Scots pine and Norway spruce, RAs) on the growth performance of birds, the incidence of footpad dermatitis (FPD), litter quality, carcass quality, the structure and function of the gastrointestinal tract – GIT (pH, viscosity, short-chain fatty acids - SCFAs) (3 treatments, 10

Probiotics, such as Bacillus licheniformis (BL) and some trace minerals, such as Copper, (supplied via Tribasic Cu Chloride; TBCC) have been explored singularly in the literature for use in antibiotic-free poultry production. However, these additives are often applied in combination, without much peer-reviewed research conducted on their interactive effects. Therefore, the objective was to examine

Since European maximum guidance values of mycotoxins are only available for feed, mycotoxin exposure in animals is mainly monitored by feed analysis. However, proper sample collection is needed to ensure reliable results, because of uneven distributions and disproportional spread of mycotoxins in feed which can hamper the evaluation of mycotoxin exposure in animals. A cross-sectional study was performed

Previously, we reported that a dairy-originated probiotic bacterium, Propionibacterium freudenreichii subsp. freudenreichii B3523 (PF) reduced cecal colonization of multidrug-resistant Salmonella enterica serovar Heidelberg (SH) in poults (2-wk-old) and growing (7-wk-old) turkeys. In the current study, we validated the antibacterial potential of PF in finisher (12-wk-old) turkeys using two separate

Detecting Salmonella in poultry feed is challenging. Studies have shown that pre-enrichment media lack the buffering capacity to prevent an acidic pH which results in cell injury, death or altered biochemical pathways preventing Salmonella detection. A tris phosphate carbonate (TPC) pre-enrichment medium has been developed to maintain a near neutral pH during incubation of feed but it’s utility has

Iron is essential for DNA synthesis, respiration, energy metabolism, and key metabolic reactions intrinsic to life due to its capability to accept and release electrons easily and its indispensability for most of the creatures on the earth including bacteria and poultry. Salmonella species, the gram-negative foodborne facultative anaerobes, are notorious enteric pathogens that have a wild range of

Two experiments were conducted to determine the AMEn (experiment 1) and the standardized ileal digestibility coefficients (SIDC) of amino acids (experiment 2) of Tenebrio molitor larvae meal (TM) for broiler chickens. In experiment 1, forty-eight 21-day-old male broilers were distributed in a completely randomized experimental design with 2 treatments (diets) and 6 replicates (cages)/treatment, with

Avian influenza has greatly impacted the commercial poultry industry worldwide. Limited knowledge exists on the interactions between avian influenza viruses (AIV) and the environmental factors associated with poultry farms. To improve existing understanding of AIV survival in various environmental conditions, experiments were conducted to investigate the persistence of AIV in reused poultry litter

A dairy-originated probiotic bacterium, Propionibacterium freudenreichii subsp. freudenreichii B3523 (PF) was found to be effective in reducing multidrug-resistant Salmonella Heidelberg (MDR SH) colonization in turkey poults (2-wk-old) and growing (7-wk-old) and finishing (12-wk-old) turkeys. In this study, we explored the potential for microbiome modulation in the cecum of turkeys of different age

The present study evaluated the effects of chitosan nanoparticles (ChNP) as a feed additive during the 1-42 d of age on growth performance, blood serum parameters, carcass traits, intestinal bacteria, digestive enzymes, and fat digestibility. Two hundred and forty of 1-d-old Japanese quail were randomly distributed into four groups and fed a basal diet for 42 d. Groups 1, 2, 3, and 4 were fed 0.0 mg/kg

The effects of nanoencapsulated cumin essential oil (EO) feeding broilers on growth performance, mucin 2 gene expression, blood parameters, and immune responses to phytohemagglutinin (PHA) and 2, 4-dinitrochlorobenzene (DNCB) were evaluated. In a completely randomized design, 1050 male day-old Ross 308 broilers were distributed into 7 dietary treatments with 5 replicates of 30 birds per replication

Two experiments were carried out to determine the apparent metabolizable energy, nitrogen-corrected apparent metabolizable energy (AMEn), and the standardized ileal amino acid digestibility (SIAAD) and apparent ileal amino acid digestibility of corn distillers dried grains with solubles (corn-DDGS), without or with the singular supplementation of protease and phytase in broiler diets. One hundred sixty-eight

Nutritional equivalency feeding studies with diets containing genetically modified grain continue to be required by some regulatory agencies as part of the safety assessment of new events. These studies have long been conducted using broiler chickens, as they are very sensitive to nutritional deficiencies and antinutrients in the diet owing to their very rapid growth rate. A new transgenic maize product

Volatile short-chain fatty acids such as butyric and acetic acid have been supplemented in poultry rations as a feed ingredient and nutritive supplement. A novel Clostridium fermentation solubles broth (MiruTyton), containing short-chain fatty acids, minerals, and amino acids, was supplemented in a standard corn/soybean meal–based ration at a rate of 750, 1,500, 3,000, and 6,000 mg/kg to achieve approximately

The effect of phytase and calcium (Ca) was investigated on performance of broiler chickens given diets severely limited in nonphytate phosphorus (NPP). A total of 550 ten-day-old broiler chickens were allocated to 10 diets from 11 to 40 d of age. There were a positive control (with adequate Ca and NPP concentration) and 9 diets (with 1.4 g NPP/kg) consisting of Ca (5.6, 4.2, and 2.8 g/kg) and phytase

The inclusion of L-Val and L-Ile is progressively becoming an economically feasible strategy to reduce the dietary CP content of broiler diets. In the current experiment, the influence of supplementing the feed-grade branched chain amino acids (BCAA) Val and Ile was evaluated in corn and soybean meal–based (CSBM) diets, with or without the inclusion of either peanut meal (PM) or an animal protein blend

This study assesses the efficacy of 2 different potentiated ionophores (monensin and narasin) and a chemical (nicarbazin, a shuttle) in program with narasin to control coccidiosis in challenged male broilers through the evaluation of performance and macroscopic lesions of internal organs. A total of 4,400 broiler chicks were housed in 44 floor pens of 100 birds each; birds of the first group were fed

Precision feeding (PF) technology has been developed to feed individual broiler breeders based on real time BW. Precision-fed broiler breeder chicks undergo training up to 21 D of age to learn how to eat from the PF stations. Training is crucial to achieve high flock uniformity and successful growth from a young age. An automated marking system (AMS) prototype has been integrated into a PF station