Ensuring the safety of food sources continues to be a priority in animal production. This requires elucidating and utilizing interventions such as bacteriophages (BP) to reduce pathogens such as Salmonella. This study was conducted to evaluate the efficacy of a bacteriophage in the feed for its ability to reduce Salmonella Enteritidis (S.E.) colonization in broilers. Two hundred seventy day-of-hatch

Detecting Salmonella in poultry feed is challenging. Studies have shown that pre-enrichment media lack the buffering capacity to prevent an acidic pH which results in cell injury, death or altered biochemical pathways preventing Salmonella detection. A tris phosphate carbonate (TPC) pre-enrichment medium has been developed to maintain a near neutral pH during incubation of feed but it’s utility has

Iron is essential for DNA synthesis, respiration, energy metabolism, and key metabolic reactions intrinsic to life due to its capability to accept and release electrons easily and its indispensability for most of the creatures on the earth including bacteria and poultry. Salmonella species, the gram-negative foodborne facultative anaerobes, are notorious enteric pathogens that have a wild range of

An experiment was conducted to evaluate efficacy of three forms of trace minerals on broiler performance, economics and retention of copper and zinc. A total of 384 Ross 308 male broilers was randomly allocated to 4 dietary treatments × 8 replicates × 12 birds/pen. The treatments were: T1, Classical inorganic trace minerals (ITM) at levels used in the industry (mg/kg: Fe 40, Cu 15, Mn and Zn 100 each

Two experiments were conducted to determine the AMEn (experiment 1) and the standardized ileal digestibility coefficients (SIDC) of amino acids (experiment 2) of Tenebrio molitor larvae meal (TM) for broiler chickens. In experiment 1, forty-eight 21-day-old male broilers were distributed in a completely randomized experimental design with 2 treatments (diets) and 6 replicates (cages)/treatment, with

The current study investigated the effect of carbohydrase enzyme, methionine (Met) (100% above Cobb 500 requirement level), or their combination on growth performance, carcass yield, total tract retention (TTR) of DM, CP, fatty acid (FA), muscle FA composition, lipid peroxidation products, and jejunum histomorphology in broiler chickens fed 10% flaxseed-containing diets. One hundred and twenty (n=120)

Corn dried distillers’ grains with solubles (DDGS) are an important ingredient for poultry feeds. The efficiency of producing ethanol has improved affecting its nutrient composition; for example, improvement of the extraction of fat; the use of enzymes to degrade most of the starch, could be adding more variability between DDGS suppliers. Therefore, regular analysis of DDGS is imperative. In the present

Euthanasia of large poultry can be particularly challenging due to the difficulty of manual cervical dislocation of large older birds. Euthanasia is intended to swiftly render the animal unconscious and rapidly lead to death using humane methods. Euthanasia by a single operator can be challenging when euthanizing mature broiler breeders and turkeys weighing from 4 to 30 Kg. Due to the difficulty of

Avian influenza has greatly impacted the commercial poultry industry worldwide. Limited knowledge exists on the interactions between avian influenza viruses (AIV) and the environmental factors associated with poultry farms. To improve existing understanding of AIV survival in various environmental conditions, experiments were conducted to investigate the persistence of AIV in reused poultry litter

This study was conducted to determine the phenotypic and genotypic characteristics of multidrug-resistant (MDR) avian pathogenic Escherichia coli (APEC). A total of 54 MDR APEC were divided into 23 serotypes, and O78 (16.6%) was the most frequently observed. MDR APEC carried β-lactamases encoding genes (38.9%), integrons (61.6%), plasmid-mediated quinolone (20.4%), tetracycline (79.6%), sulfonamide

Research is needed to maximize the use of common feed enzymes, phytase and carbohydrase in combination. The objective was to determine effects of 2 phytase doses (PD; 250 (single dose) or 1500 (super dose) FTU/kg) and 3 carbohydrase enzymes (CE; xylanase (XAN); mannanase (MAN); or their combination (XM) on 0-55 d broiler performance and processing (d 45 and 56). Enzymes were applied to a negative control

Previous research has shown that feeding high amino acid (AA) density (AAD) or increased AME improved broiler performance; though, the relationship between AAD and AME on performance needs to be further explored. Therefore, the objective of this study was to evaluate the impact of feeding 2 AAD and 4 AME levels from d 0-14 on performance and yield of 42-day old Cobb MV × Cobb 500 males. Starter diets

A dairy-originated probiotic bacterium, Propionibacterium freudenreichii subsp. freudenreichii B3523 (PF) was found to be effective in reducing multidrug-resistant Salmonella Heidelberg (MDR SH) colonization in turkey poults (2-wk-old) and growing (7-wk-old) and finishing (12-wk-old) turkeys. In this study, we explored the potential for microbiome modulation in the cecum of turkeys of different age

Salmonella enterica serovar Enteritidis (Salmonella Enteritidis; SE) is a foodborne pathogen that is capable of affecting shell eggs and is regulated by Title 21 of the Code of Federal Regulations. A reservoir for this pathogen is the ceca of the gastro-intestinal tract in chickens. In the present study, layer-type pullets in two consecutive studies were not treated or treated with a feed additive

Fractures to the keel bone is one of the greatest problems facing the laying hen industry. With most severe effects observed in non-cage housing, frequencies are expected to dramatically increase as the industry continues transitioning away from battery cages. Incidences within commercial systems are well documented where the main cause is believed to be high egg production and the associated need

The overall objective in this study is to determine the effects of B. subtilis and B. licheniformis probiotic supplementation on performance and cecal Salmonella load in broilers challenged with Salmonella enterica serovar Enteritidis. A total of 360 one-day-old broiler chicks were randomly distributed to four experimental groups a 2 X 2 factorial set up of treatments; Control, Control + Challenge

Phytase and xylanase are routinely used to reduce indigestible components and improve broiler performance; however, more research is needed to determine combined enzyme inclusion strategies (EIS) to maximize performance within diets varying in nutrient density (ND). It is also of interest to explore the potential for EIS to assist with disease mitigation. Therefore, a 2 ND (Low Density; LD: 5% decrease

Phytase inclusion provides broiler production advantages such as improved growth performance and better nutrient digestibility. These effects become heightened in response to more complete degradation of IP6 and its lower esters to prevent chelation of nutrients. Therefore, strategies for the complete removal of the total phytate pool are being investigated in order to maximize the benefits previously

Research utilizing a commercial broiler house demonstrated physical/nutrient feed segregation as feed varying in percent pellets (PP) and manufacturing technique was augered throughout a feed line (FL); these factors impacted bird performance and uniformity. The current objective was to investigate feed flow and segregation of pellets and fines as a bin of feed is augered throughout a commercial feed

Replicated research has not identified the impact of augering feed on pellet quality, feed segregation, and resulting bird performance; therefore, two experiments were conducted. Experiment 1 was conducted to determine the effects of pellet to fine ratios (P:F; 55:45 or 75:25) and liquid application method (LAM; mixer (MLAM) or post-pellet (PPLAM) addition of fat and phytase) on feed segregation, post

The present study evaluated the effects of chitosan nanoparticles (ChNPs) as a feed additive during the 1-42 days of age on growth performance, blood serum parameters, carcass traits, intestinal bacteria, digestive enzymes, and fat digestibility. Two hundred and forty of Japanese quail one day old were randomly distributed in four groups and fed a basal diet for 42 days. Groups 1, 2, 3, and 4 were

The effects of nanoencapsulated cumin essential oil (EO) feeding broilers on growth performance, mucin2 gene expression, blood parameters, and immune responses to phytohaemagglutinin (PHA) and 2, 4- dinitrochlorobenzene (DNCB) were evaluated. In a completely randomized design, one thousand fifty male day-old Ross 308 broilers were distributed into 7 dietary treatments with 5 replicates of 30 birds

Two experiments were carried out to determine the apparent metabolizable energy (AME), nitrogen-corrected apparent metabolizable energy (AMEn), and the standardized ileal amino acid digestibility (SIAAD) and apparent ileal amino acid digestibility (AIAAD) of corn distillers dried grains with solubles (corn-DDGS), without or with the singular supplementation of protease and phytase in broiler diets

Volatile short-chain fatty acids (SCFA) like butyric and acetic acid have been supplemented in poultry rations as a feed ingredient and nutritive supplement. A novel Clostridium fermentation solubles broth (MiruTyton™), containing SCFA, minerals, and amino acids was supplemented in a standard corn/soybean meal-based ration at a rate of 750, 1,500, 3,000, and 6,000 mg/kg to achieve approximately 277

Effect of phytase and calcium (Ca) was investigated on performance of broiler chickens given diets limited in non-phytate phosphorus (NPP). A total of 550 ten-day-old broiler chickens were allocated to 10 diets from 11 to 40 d of age. There were a positive control (with adequate Ca and NPP concentration) and 9 diets (with 1.4 g NPP/kg) consisting of Ca (5.6, 4.2 and 2.8 g/kg) and phytase (0, 1,500

Precision feeding (PF) technology has been developed to feed individual broiler breeders based on real time BW. Precision-fed broiler breeder chicks undergo training up to 21 D of age to learn how to eat from the PF stations. Training is crucial to achieve high flock uniformity and successful growth from a young age. An automated marking system (AMS) prototype has been integrated into a PF station

The use of Direct-Fed Microorganisms (DFM) is an important alternative to antibiotic growth promoters (AGP) for improving growth and managing disease in poultry production. We investigated the administration of two multi-strain Bacillus cultures administered as DFM on growth performance and mortality of broiler chickens reared under performance-reducing stress challenge. The first experiment evaluated

Providing a suitable lighting environment for commercial poultry is essential for physiological processes, ensuring welfare, and achieving production goals. Recent research has shown that poultry house illuminance (intensity) is dependent upon ambient sunlight conditions and that control of light leakage can improve live performance. The objective of this study was to evaluate the performance of fan

Valine is the fourth-limiting amino acid in corn-soybean meal-based diets for broilers, and any deficiency of this amino acid (AA) in diet would result in impaired growth performance. As feed-grade Val became commercially available, the focus is now on satisfying the needs of this AA in broiler diets. The purpose of this study was, therefore, to estimate the minimum requirement of digestible Val in

There has been extensive research on feeding broilers low-crude protein (LCP) diets to reduce nitrogen (N) excretion in the environment. It is well established that broilers fed LCP diets exhibit improvements in N efficiency, but this is coupled with inferior growth performance and poor carcass quality. Therefore, two experiments were undertaken to explore energy and N balance and performance in birds

Due to regulation and consumer-driven decreases in the use of antibiotics, there is a critical need for the development of alternatives to antibiotic growth promoters (AGP) for use in poultry production. Direct-fed microorganisms (DFM) and prebiotics, which have been demonstrated to improve growth performance and microbial safety of poultry, are thought to be potentially important alternatives to AGP

The present study evaluated the feed additive containing essential oils of thyme and star anise from 1 to 42 days of age on growth performance, physiological parameters, carcass traits, intestinal bacterial community, antioxidant status of meat and economic efficiency in broilers under Egyptian weather condition. Two hundred and seventy one-day-old Indian River (IR) broiler chicks were randomly distributed

Nutritional equivalency feeding studies with diets containing genetically modified grain continue to be required by some regulatory agencies as part of the safety assessment of new events. These studies have long been conducted using broiler chickens, as they are very sensitive to nutritional deficiencies and antinutrients in the diet owing to their very rapid growth rate. A new transgenic maize product

The inclusion of L-Val and L-Ile is progressively becoming an economically feasible strategy to reduce the dietary CP content of broiler diets. In the current experiment, the influence of supplementing the feed-grade branched chain amino acids (BCAA) Val and Ile was evaluated in corn and soybean meal–based (CSBM) diets, with or without the inclusion of either peanut meal (PM) or an animal protein blend

This study assesses the efficacy of 2 different potentiated ionophores (monensin and narasin) and a chemical (nicarbazin, a shuttle) in program with narasin to control coccidiosis in challenged male broilers through the evaluation of performance and macroscopic lesions of internal organs. A total of 4,400 broiler chicks were housed in 44 floor pens of 100 birds each; birds of the first group were fed

Chickens can hepatically synthesize very long-chain omega-3 (VLC n-3) polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFA) from α-linolenic acid (ALA; 18:3 n-3); however, the efficiency is attenuated by linoleic acid (LA; 18:2 n-6), which competes with ALA for the same elongase and desaturase enzymes. Here, we fed broilers supplemental ALA-rich flaxseed oil (FLAX) while reducing the dietary level of LA to determine

The physical form of feed affects the feed consumption and growth rate of broilers. A 42-D experiment was conducted to determine the effects of broiler starter feed form on the growth performance of broilers. A total of nine hundred 1-day-old Cobb 500 male broiler chicks with an average initial BW of 38 g were randomly distributed into 36-floor pens with 25 birds per pen. Pens were randomly assigned

For more than 6 decades, the global poultry industry has profited from the advancement in science and technology. Success in animal breeding and genetics has made available fast-growing poultry strains. Similarly, evolution in medicine and veterinary science has provided farmers with antibiotics, which have served the dual role of preventing diseases and improving growth performance of poultry. Interestingly

In ovo administration of a live-attenuated F-strain Mycoplasma gallisepticum vaccine (FMG) has proven to be a promising alternative vaccination route for layer chickens to combat M. gallisepticum (MG) infections. Its practical application within current in ovo vaccination procedures, employing a disinfection step after each injection, has been uncertain. The objective of this experiment was to determine

An experiment was conducted to evaluate effects of dietary energy level and 1,3-diacylglycerol (DAG) on growth performance and carcass characteristics in broilers. A 2 × 2 completely randomized factorial arrangement was used in this study with Cobb standard or reduced levels of dietary energy and inclusion of DAG at 0 or 0.1%. For the standard-energy group, ME was formulated to 3,000, 3,100, and 3

Histomoniasis, an infectious disease of turkeys and other gallinaceous birds, has significant impacts on the health and welfare of infected turkey flocks. No preventatives or treatments for the disease are available. In the current study, the proximity of broiler breeder farms as a potential risk factor for histomoniasis in grow-out tom flocks was assessed using 2015 retrospective data provided by

Vaccination against influenza continues to be the primary method of control in many countries, but there is still a strong reliance on autogenous vaccines adjuvated with mineral oil emulsions known to induce overly high local inflammatory responses and lesions at the site of injection. The studies presented herein investigate various combinations of mannosylated chitosan adjuvant (MCA) and/or recombinant

There are various health benefits associated with people consuming sufficient quantities of omega-3 fatty acids, with docosahexaenoic acid (DHA), in particular, impacting cardiovascular and mental health as well as influencing the immune response. Dietary deficiencies of omega-3 are common globally, and an emerging strategy to compensate is the enrichment of frequently consumed foods. Chicken meat

Salmonella is the most common pathogen in poultry associated to foodborne outbreaks. There is concern about the use of sodium hypochlorite (NaClO) during antimicrobial interventions in broiler chicken processing because of trihalomethane (THM) generation through oxidation of organic matter. In this study, we showed the effectiveness of neutral electrolyzed water (NEW) in broiler chickens, and their

Previous research in our laboratory has revealed that feeding crumbled diets with various levels of starter digestible Lys (dLys) and AME affects early feed conversion ratio (FCR) of Cobb MV × Cobb 500 broilers. However, overall performance was not affected, likely due to treatment application occurring in the starter phase. Therefore, the objective of this study was to evaluate a 3 dLys (1.00, 1.08

This study aimed to evaluate 2 phytases, at 2 supplementation doses, in broiler diets with nutritional matrices with reduction in Ca:total P (tP) ratio. One-day-old male chicks (n = 3,960) were distributed in an arrangement of 12 treatments, with 10 replicates each; the experimental unit consisted of a floor pen with 33 birds each. Trial lasted up to 42 D, and birds were given the experimental diets:

An experiment was conducted to evaluate early broiler performance, tibia mineralization, and mineral digestibility of broilers fed with diets that differed in inorganic feed phosphates (IFP) but were formulated to be similar in dietary nonphytate phosphorus (nPP) content and calcium-to-phosphorus ratio (Ca:P), total mineral content, or calculated prececal digestible phosphorus (CPDP). Dicalcium phosphate

Distillers' dried grains with solubles (DDGS) is an alternative ingredient in poultry diets. However, DDGS has high concentrations of non-starch polysaccharides, which limits its inclusion in broiler diets. The objective of this trial was to evaluate the effect of inclusion level of DDGS in broiler diets from 22 to 42 D of age. A total of 980 22-day-old broilers with an average BW of 923 ± 4 g were

The objective of this study was to evaluate the immune effects and the dynamics of intestinal integrity in broilers challenged with Salmonella Enteritidis (SE) and treated continuously with yeast cell wall (YCW). At 4 D posthatch (2 D postinfection [dpi] and poststart of treatment), challenged animals presented the highest intestinal permeability (P < 0.05). The number of circulating leukocytes was

The aim of the study was to examine the effects of age of broiler breeders and storage duration on quality traits and blastoderm of eggs obtained from Marshall broiler breeders. A total of 320 eggs were collected from 2 flocks, 43 wk and 65 wk of age. Eggs were sampled immediately after collection and subjected to a storage duration of 0 (control), 4, 7, and 10 D at 16°C and 80% RH. Extended storage

The objective of this study was to assess the effects of different concentrations of ammonia on laying performance and Toll-like receptor (TLR) and cytokine mRNA expression in Shanma ducks. The experiment is a 2 × 3 × 4 three-factor mixed experimental design. The feeding density is 18 ducks per 2.2 square meter (high density) and 12 ducks per 2.2 square meter (low density). The ammonia concentration

The increase and spread of antimicrobial resistance, particularly multidrug resistance (MDR), in Salmonella isolated from food animal pose a serious public health concern worldwide. Therefore, the objective of this study was to characterize antimicrobial resistance and analyze the transferability of integrons and antimicrobial resistance genes in MDR Salmonella isolates from retail chicken meat in

Salmonella is the second main cause of foodborne illness in poultry production. It is one of the most problematic zoonoses in terms of public health worldwide because of the difficulty in controlling it and its significant morbidity and mortality rates. Recent surveys have shown that small flocks of laying hens have the same or higher prevalence of salmonellosis than larger flocks, mainly due to a

The objective of this study was to determine the effects of ultraviolet light supplementation on production parameters, fear responses, and stress susceptibility in broiler chickens. Birds were reared under either light emitting diode (LED) bulbs supplemented with UV light fixtures (UV) or just LEDs (Control). Growth, feed conversion, tonic immobility, inversion, composite asymmetry, plasma corticosterone

An experiment was conducted to evaluate correlations between in vitro phytase activity after pelleting and broiler performance, tibia mineralization, and plasma myo-inositol of broilers fed diets containing different phytase enzymes conditioned at 3 different temperatures (70°C, 80°C, and 90°C). Dietary treatments included a positive control (0.9% calcium [Ca] and 0.4% nonphytate phosphorus [nPP])

To find an efficient control method for gizzard erosion (GE) caused by fowl adenovirus serotype 1 (FAdV-1) infection in poultry farms, we examined the virucidal effects of commercial disinfectants. In laboratory tests, the virucidal effects of the disinfectants calcium hydroxide (CHO), glutaraldehyde (GLT), orthodichlorobenzene, cresol, and didecyldimethylammonium chloride against FAdV-1s were examined

The Cobb MV × Cobb 700 male broiler was evaluated for BW and feed conversion ratio (FCR) when fed diets of increasing levels of digestible lysine (Lys) and ME within each growing phase (0–12 D, 12–26 D, 26–35 D, and 35–55 D). Male BW was highest (P < 0.0001) at 12 D of age for birds fed 1.24% digestible Lys and 3,194 ME vs. birds fed 1.20% digestible Lys and 3,084 ME. Male BW were also highest (P <

Campylobacter is a major foodborne pathogen associated with the consumption or handling of raw or undercooked poultry meat. In vitro and in vivo experiments were conducted to evaluate the effectiveness of commercial probiotic and organic acid (OA) feed additives for the reduction of Campylobacter coli. Supernatants from 4 probiotic strains were cocultured with C. coli at different dilutions. Probiotic

The objective of this study was to evaluate the effect of digestible essential AA density (dEAA) on the performance and processing yield of straight-run Cobb 700 × MV broilers. Broilers were fed a control diet based on the breeder's nutrient recommendations or one of 4 treatments consisting of 5% incremental increases in dEAA density over the control (+5, +10, +15, and +20% dEAA). The digestible lysine

This study was conducted to research the effect of overfeeding on antioxidant capacity of serum, liver, gut, and breast muscle in Gang Goose and Tianfu Meat Goose. Fifty-five Gang Geese and 55 Tianfu Meat Geese were separated respectively into a control group and an overfed group randomly (15 birds in control group, 40 birds in overfed group); all birds were slaughtered after overfeeding for 3 wk.