To evaluate the use of the caudal vena cava collapsibility index (CVCCI) as a predictor of fluid responsiveness in hospitalized, critically ill dogs with hemodynamic or tissue perfusion abnormalities.

To evaluate the efficacy of IV magnesium sulfate in decreasing the number of ventricular ectopic beats or convert ventricular tachyarrhythmia to sinus rhythm in dogs.

To determine an abdominal pressure cutoff value for intra‐abdominal hypertension (IAH) in the horse and characterize IAH in horses with acute colic.

To evaluate the effect of changes in intra‐abdominal pressure (IAP) on medial saphenous venous pressure (MSVP) and hemodynamics in normal horses.

To assess whether the clinical approach to CPR has changed following the publication of the Reassessment Campaign on Veterinary Resuscitation (RECOVER) guidelines in 2012.

To describe the clinicopathological characteristics of dogs that develop acute kidney injury (AKI) secondary to pit viper envenomation, and to describe the association between development of AKI and clinical course and outcome.

To evaluate the difference in the rectal‐interdigital temperature gradient (RITG) between dogs that were presented to an emergency room with clinical signs of shock compared to those without signs of shock, and if this gradient can be used as a diagnostic marker for shock.

To describe 2 cases of boomslang (Dispholidus typus) envenomation in dogs, with thromboelastographic evaluation performed both pre‐ and postadministration of monovalent antivenom, and to contrast the clinical application of thromboelastography (TEG) with that of conventional coagulation testing in 1 of these cases for monitoring coagulation status in dogs suffering from such envenomation.

To quantify the noise levels in a veterinary Intensive Care Unit (ICU) and ascertain how they compare to current recommendations in the human literature.

To investigate associations among care errors, staffing, and workload in small animal ICUs.

To evaluate the clinical efficacy of a single infusion of hyperimmune plasma (HIP) in dogs with canine parvovirus (CPV).

To evaluate the effects of 2 constant rate infusions of hydroxyethyl starch (HES) 130/0.4 on plasma colloid osmotic pressure (COP) in hypoalbuminemic dogs.

To determine the prevalence of glucose abnormalities in nondiabetic dogs presenting to a veterinary emergency room (ER) and their association with underlying disease processes, previous glucocorticoid administration, and overall mortality.

To describe 4 Great Danes with colonic torsions and describe the risk of torsion recurrence in this breed, which has not previously been reported. This study also describes pneumocolon as a rapid and noninvasive diagnostic for confirmation of colonic torsion.

To describe the clinical presentation of a dog with fatal hemorrhage from an aortoesophageal fistula (AEF) immediately following endoscopic removal of an osseous esophageal foreign body.

To describe patient recovery in dogs that had undergone mechanical ventilation (MV) and received atracurium as a continuous rate infusion (CRI).

Complicated transurethral urinary bladder catheterization in female dogs is a commonly encountered urologic problem, often causing inadvertent trauma to the lower urinary tract and breach in aseptic technique.

Dear Editor, As the COVID‐19 pandemic continues to wreak havoc across the world, and particularly in the United States, emergency veterinary hospitals face on‐going challenges. We previously shared information gathered from survey data in April 2020.1 We have continued to survey emergency veterinary hospitals and share some updates from surveys of 32 hospitals from May 5, 29 hospitals from May 20;

Dear Editor, The effect of COVID‐19 outbreak on veterinary service provision has been unprecedented. The adjustment of service provision to the crisis has been unavoidable.1 The effect of COVID‐19 pandemic on veterinary practice has not been yet well described in the literature. Regarding COVID‐19 in animals, there is sparse evidence of possible infections in companion animals such as cats.2, 3 Nevertheless

To evaluate the effect of changes in intraabdominal pressure (IAP) on central venous pressure (CVP) in normal horses.

To document the clinical and clinicopathological changes in cats presenting with vehicular trauma (VT) and to determine whether the calculated animal trauma triage (ATT) score was associated with any clinicopathological abnormalities.

Mechanical ventilation is frequently performed in small animal critical care medicine with well‐documented survival data; quality of life in these patients following discharge from hospital is unknown.

The perfusion index (PI) derived from plethysmographic signals provides a noninvasive indication of peripheral perfusion. This study aimed to investigate changes in PI and other hemodynamic variables in pigs subjected to endotoxemia.

To describe 2 dogs with acute kidney injury secondary to type III hypersensitivity reaction to 25% human serum albumin (HSA).

To evaluate the effect of 5 cm H2O of continuous positive airway pressure (CPAP) on laryngeal size in spontaneously breathing anesthetized dogs via computed tomography (CT).

To document indications for fresh frozen plasma (FFP) use in cats, doses administered, and frequency of adverse transfusion reactions (ATR).

To evaluate the placement and the performance of a new post‐pyloric feeding (PPF) system, and compare it to esophageal (E) feeding in dogs with severe acute kidney injury (AKI).

The COVID‐19 pandemic has presented veterinary emergency hospitals with unique challenges. Rapid online surveys represent an efficient way of collating responses to rapidly shifting circumstances.

To gather information from veterinary clients to better understand and gauge the knowledge level and perception of small animal cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR) in an academic veterinary hospital.

Cardiac output, stroke volume, and measurement of other hemodynamic parameters can be useful in the management of critical patients. Given the broad size disparity of veterinary patients, the raw values can vary widely. Their indexed values, however, allow for quick assessment of hemodynamic status and a more standardized target setting by the veterinary care team. Monitors such as lithium dilution

To evaluate the in vitro efficacy of specific Daboia (Vipera) palaestinae (Dp) antivenom or fresh frozen plasma (FFP) against Dp venom‐induced hemostatic changes

To describe a serious adverse event of gastrointestinal obstruction requiring surgery following routine administration of multiple doses of activated charcoal (AC) granules, which were prescribed for carprofen toxicosis.

To outline the clinical findings, surgical management, complications, and outcomes in a case of intrathoracic, traumatic, tracheal avulsion.

Determine the correlation between kaolin‐activated thromboelastography (TEG) variables (R, K, angle, and maximum amplitude [MA]) and PCV, fibrinogen concentration (FC), and total fibrinogen (TF) in an ex vivo model.

To develop and assess the instructional efficacy of an online learning module on transfusion reactions in small animals and to evaluate participants’ satisfaction of the module.

To determine the effect of high‐flow nasal cannula (HFNC) oxygen therapy on cardiorespiratory variables and outcome in dogs with acute hypoxemic respiratory failure.

To evaluate the relationship between azotemia and plasma lactate concentration in hypotensive dogs and cats presented to an emergency department.

To assess the accuracy of focused cardiac ultrasound (FOCUS) and point‐of‐care N‐terminal proBNP assay in the emergency setting for differentiation of cardiac from noncardiac causes of respiratory distress in cats.

Brachycephalic airway syndrome can pose a risk of complicated recovery from anesthesia as a result of irritation to the excess pharyngeal andlaryngeal tissue present in affected dogs. High‐flow nasal cannula (HFNC) oxygen therapy is a respiratory support modality that offers provision of continuous positive airway pressure via high gas flow rates. The HFNC system actively warms and humidifies inspired

To determine whether a smartphone‐obtained image can be used to extrapolate the PCV of canine blood samples.

To evaluate the incidence of tranexamic acid (TXA)‐induced nausea and vomiting after the prophylactic use of 2 antiemetics, ondansetron and maropitant, compared with saline.

To evaluate the effects of 7.5% hypertonic saline solution (HSS) on whole blood coagulation in healthy dogs and to compare electrolyte and osmolality measurements between in vivo and in vitro dilution with HSS.

To describe the first documented case of oxidant‐induced anemia in a dog associated with propofol and IV lipid emulsion (IVLE) treatment for 5‐fluorouracil (5‐FU) toxicosis.

To describe the successful management of ventricular fibrillation (VF) and ventricular tachycardia (VT) using cardiopulmonary resuscitation, including defibrillation, followed by continuous rate infusion of IV amiodarone, in a cat with cardiac arrest secondary to tachyarrhythmia.

When this article1 was published in the journal, one source of funding was inadvertently omitted from the funding declaration. The authors acknowledge funding provided by the Australian Companion Animal Health Foundation.

To describe the use of a ketamine‐dexmedetomidine combination and mild hypothermia for the treatment of status epilepticus in 3 dogs that did not respond to GABAergic medication.

Retrospective evaluation of outpatient canine parvovirus treatment in a shelter‐based low‐cost urban clinic. Kimberly Perley ScB Charlotte C. Burns BS Caroline Maguire VMD Virginia Shen VMD, MHS EmmaRose Joffe VMD Darko Stefanovski PhD, MS Laurel Redding VMD, PhD Lisa Germanis VMD Kenneth J. Drobatz DVM, MSCE, DACVIM, DACVECC Brittany Watson MS, VMD, PhD, DACVPM. In the article entitled “Retrospective

To determine if there is a difference in intra‐abdominal pressure (IAP) among 3 anatomic body positions (right lateral, left lateral, and sternal recumbence) in apparently healthy dogs.

To compare the Element point‐of‐care (POC) portable blood gas analyzer with a laboratory‐based bench‐top reference analyzer using whole blood samples obtained from horses presenting to a referral center with various disorders in order to determine agreement between these analyzers.

To describe the clinical presentation, diagnostic investigations, and outcome of a dog with pregnancy‐associated immune‐mediated hemolytic anemia.

To report the development of a tension pneumomediastinum during mechanical ventilation of a young Irish Wolfhound with aspiration pneumonia.

To document a case of transient AB blood type indicated by immunochromatography in a type B cat following administration of an incompatible type A transfusion.

To describe the efficacy of in‐series hemoperfusion and hemodialysis in 2 dogs with carprofen overdose.

To examine the efficiency of hemoperfusion in removing South American rattlesnake (Crotalus durissus terrificus) venom from rats compared with neutralization by antivenom.

To design and evaluate a method to purify canine albumin from fresh frozen plasma (FFP) or stored plasma (SP) in a manner that could be applied clinically.

To investigate the efficacy and safety of the caudal epidural technique in cats with urethral obstruction (UO).

To evaluate the performances of a manual Nageotte hemocytometer method and commercial fluorescent bead‐based flow cytometric assay for quantifying [rWBC] in leukoreduced canine packed red blood cell (pRBC) units.

To review the veterinary literature regarding healing and complications associated with equine celiotomy including anatomy and physiology, risk factors for incisional infection and hernia, and treatment.

To determine whether a normal cardiac troponin I (cTnI) concentration and normal ECG on entry rule out the development of a clinically significant cardiac arrhythmia (CSCA, defined as an arrhythmia requiring anti‐arrhythmic treatment) in dogs that have sustained blunt trauma.

To evaluate survival and associated risk factors when utilizing an outpatient treatment protocol for treatment of canine parvovirus (CPV) performed in a shelter‐based low‐cost urban clinic.