The research studies were conducted to determine the effects of Custard Apple (Annona squamosa L). (Seed extract) and transgenic cotton CEMB-33, BT-906 varieties against larval mortality, pupation, adult emergence, fecundity and fertility of Spodoptera litura Fab. The study was conducted under laboratory conditions 27.5 ± 5 °C and relative humidity 65 ± 5%, at (MAHQ) Biological Research Centre, University

Accurate identification of insect specimens is an essential requirement in forensic entomology. This study aimed to collect adult sarcophagid flies and to identify them based on the male genitalic characters. Its the first report of Sarcophaga (Liosarcophaga) aegyptica from India. The fly has collected, from pig carcasses placed in indoor, outdoor, and aquatic environments during bloated & advanced

Many infectious diseases including malaria, lymphatic filariasis, chikungunya and dengue are transmitted by mosquitoes. Understanding the entomological diversity in a given area is critical for defining health risks, but also to design and evaluate control measures. Our study aimed to establish an entomological database of the Culicidae fauna in two clusters (Nyalla and Kambo) in the city of Douala

Most of the tropical ecosystems are now altered, consequently modifying the species diversity, composition and feeding behaviours. Precisely, the survival of species is dependent on their characteristics to endure the novel environments immersed in human-dominated landscapes. Thus, comparative studies of how different community attributes and trophic guilds respond to changes in land use would be useful

Sugarcane is one of the important commercial crop in India and white grubs are one of the serious pests of this crop. The present study was taken up to study the efficacy of entomopathogenic fungi against Holotrichia serrata (Fabricius) in sugarcane. Laboratory bioassay studies were conducted using five strains of Metarhizium anisopliae (ICAR-NBAIR Ma-4, Ma-6, Ma-11, Ma-14a & Ma-35) and one strain

The pistachio psyllid, Agonoscena pistaciae, is one of the most deleterious pests of pistachio trees. Deciphering genetic diversity and population structure is a prerequisite for developing efficacious suppression protocols and successful management strategies for any insect pest including A. pistaciae. Mitochondrial genome sequencing furnishes valuable information about insect evolution and diversity

The aim of this study was to assess the physico-chemical characteristics and fatty acid profile of oil from termite (Macrotermes subhylanus), green and brown long-horned grasshopper (Ruspolia differens). The insects were harvested in Siaya county of Western Kenya from the wild during swarming seasons. Physico-chemical characteristics of insects oil and the effect of two traditional heat processing

Aulacophora foveicollis Lucas, commonly known as red pumpkin beetle, is an important pest of many cucurbitaceous plants in India. To develop the mass rearing facilities, this research was conducted on the effects of photoperiods on larval and adult development of A. foveicollis on roots and leaves of Solena amplexicaulis (Lam.) Gandhi, commonly known as creeping cucumber, respectively, at five different

Plants may use different strategies to attract pollinators in long distance (e.g. floral display) and in short distance (e.g. ratio between differentially colored flowers) scales. The Verbenaceae Lantana canescens Kunth is a wide spread species in open sites of the Brazilian Pantanal wetland. Individuals of this generalist species can produce a variable number of open inflorescences with yellow and

Mounds are prominent architectural features found in savannah ecosystems, where they play important roles. Although constant in form for many species, the appearance and type of mound can vary with environmental conditions such as rainfall, temperature, vegetation and locality. However, variability between mounds of same species in different habitats like savannah is not well studied. Here we compared

South American tomato moth, Tuta absoluta (Meyrick) (Lepidoptera: Gelechiidae), is an oligophagous insect pest that infests solanaceous crops like tomato, brinjal and potato. The incidence of T. absoluta could cause significant yield losses of up to 100% on tomato crop and therefore farmers are following chemical management practices to tackle the pest. However, continuous and indiscriminate usage

In recent times short horn grasshoppers (i.e. acridids) have been emerged as a potential nutrient resource for livestock in India. But it is necessary to attempt their mass production for a sustainable supply which is also cost effective. In this context the present work aimed to evaluate the ability of annual production of Spathosternum prasiniferum prasiniferum (Walker, 1871). The insects were reared

Essential oils are well known to act as biopesticides in pest management programs. The main purpose of this research is to explore the insecticidal potential (fumigant and repellent toxicity) of binary mixtures of essential oils extracted from leaves of three Mentha species namely Mentha rotundifolia, M. viridis and M. longifolia collected from north Tunisia against adults of the rice weevil Sitophilus

Hematophagous flies belonging to the families Culicidae and Tabanidae, have played an important role in human health and domestic/wild and animal health. We performed weekly collections of active-flying flies of dipterans form the families Culicidae and Tabanidae with Malaise, CDC and BG-Sentinel traps during September to October of 2017 among different vegetation types characteristic of the archeological

Adult mosquitoes are the main transmitter for vector-borne diseases, including malaria, dengue fever, and encephalitis. In such diseases, vector control is more accessible and logical than treatment. The use of mosquito repellent is one prevention strategy, especially in endemic areas, to minimize contact with mosquitoes. Essential oils (EO)s based repellents receive more attention as an alternative

All the three agro-ecological zones (sub-tropical, intermediate and temperate) of the Jammu province were surveyed for potential pesticidal plants. Methanol extracts of all the thirteen plants / plant parts and fractions were assessed for insecticidal activity. Eight treatments (T3 –Boerhavia diffusa stem methanolic extract, T6 –Boerhavia diffusa roots methanolic extract, T7 –Boerhavia diffusa roots

The bark-eating caterpillar, Indarbela obliquifasciata Mell has become a major pest of garden plants in Guangzhou, China. However, little is known about the sex identification of either adults or pupae. In this paper, according to a comparative morphological study of 55 adults and their corresponding pupae or puparia, we concluded a rapid and accurate method for identifying its sexuality. The results

The ectoparasitoid Bracon brevicornis (Wesmael) (Hymenoptera: Braconidae) attacks Pectinophora gossypiella (Saunders) (Lepidoptera: Gelechiidae) in dry bolls during the late cotton season 2018. Observations on the behaviors, some biological aspects and life table parameters of B.brevicornis were studied on two hosts pests; P. gossypiella and Galleria mellonella under the laboratory conditions. Larval

The present study investigated the predation attributes of hunting and web-building spiders of Indian subcontinent against rice-pests, under in-vitro conditions. Field observations revealed that the lynx spider, Oxyopes javanus and the ground-dwelling wolf-spider, Pardosa sumatrana were the most abundant arboreal hunting spiders, while Neoscona theisi and Tetragnatha javana, were the most abundant

In this long-term study we evaluated the diversity and seasonality of predatory insects (Diptera: Syrphidae and Asilidae) in Brachiaria decumbens monoculture and silvopastoral systems in Southeast Brazil. The study was conducted in Coronel Pacheco municipality, Minas Gerais state, Brazil, between February 2010 and January 2015. Insects were collected with malaise traps installed in both monoculture

The ecological study of synchronous firefly from the genus Pteroptyx was conducted at Sungai Rembau, Negeri Sembilan. It involved year–long sampling efforts during night time from November 2017 until October 2018. A total of 20 sampling stations were selected along 5.59 km stretch of the river with an interval ranging between 100 to 500 m. Sampling was carried out using sweeping net, randomly for one

Soil represents an important reservoir of biodiversity consisting of various forms of life and role in promoting soil health and fertility. The present study was undertaken to explore the diversity and seasonal occurrence of soil arthropod mesofauna with emphasis on oribatid mites in three different tea agro-practicing gardens viz., conventional, organic and biorational approaches located in Assam

Melipona colimana is a stingless bee endemic to the temperate regions of Jalisco, Mexico, where it provides pollinating services and is cultured for the production of honey and cerumen. There is little information about the sanitary status of M. colimana, but it is critical to know more about it to keep these bees healthy and productive. The proximity of M. colimana colonies to commercial honey bee

Eucalyptus tree is an important exotic species used for building construction, environmental amelioration and ornamental purposes in the tropics. However, termites cause a great damage and high mortality to seedlings and saplings of Eucalyptus in the field. Information on critical period and soil depth of termite foraging activities is required to formulate effective management programme. In this study

The threat to honeybees, Apis mellifera occasioned by anthropogenic activities often reduced variations and loss of diversity globally, hence the need to conserve the existing honeybee populations. Fifteen morphological characters were measured for variation on four hundred (400) worker honeybee samples purposively collected from two agro-ecological zones of Nigeria. Inferential statistics Analysis

Notoedric mange, caused by sarcoptiform Notoedres mites, an obligately parasite, causes potentially fatal dermatitis along with secondary systemic infections in small mammals, felids as well as humans. In the present case study, we describe clinical diagnosis and therapeutic management of notoedric mange with ivermectin in rabbits. Two New Zealand White rabbits (Oryctolagus cuniculus) naturally infested

Whitefly is an important pest and vector of many plant begomoviruses. Investigations were carried out to understand the acquisition, retention, transmission, and gender basis transmission efficiency of Mesta yellow vein mosaic virus (MeYVMV) by whitefly. The minimum acquisition access feeding period (AAFP) was 0.10 h which resulted in 11.1% infected plants. Based on LAMP assay and yellowing symptoms

The occurrence of diverse and copious communities of insects are considered the indicator of ecosystem sustainability in different habitats. This study was designed to investigate the diversity of various insect species among different habitats viz. Agro-farms, citrus orchards, and around the pond areas from January 2018 to December 2018. Sampling was done every month in the morning by using sweep

The constant rise in the human population has led to food insecurity and malnourishment issues across the globe. Acceptance and popularization of entomophagy in society can help to meet the increasing demand for food supply. The high nutritive profile of edible insects makes them an excellent supplement in the diet. Consumption of edible insects as food and use in medicine is common among various tribes

The desert locust (Schitocerca gregaria) swarms in numbers that decimate farmland, threatening an already vulnerable horn and Eastern region of Africa. The aim of this research was to assess the nutrient content and oil characteristics of the desert locust and for possible utilization as a food resource at industrial scale. The desert locusts were harvested from swarms in various regions of Kenya.

Rapid spread of vector borne diseases, especially through mosquitoes is in alarming rise worldwide. Among mosquitoes, Aedes aegypti is a major vector transmitting arboviruses such as dengue and zika to human population. The ineffectiveness of control measures against these arboviruses has necessitated alternate strategies to curb disease transmission. Recent studies show that symbiotic bacteria from

Fall armyworm (FAW), Spodoptera frugiperda (J.E. Smith), is an economically important insect pest of maize in most African countries, including Ghana. Hence, this study tested the efficacy of selected biorational and synthetic insecticides for the control of FAW in two maize cultivars in Ghana. The cultivars, Ewul-boyu and Wang-dataa, and the insecticides, neem seed oil (NSO) (azadirachtin), Agoo (Bacillus

Chemical control of Bactrocera cucurbitae in crops biomagnifies toxic residues in fruits and vegetables imposes health-hazard effects on consumers and demands for eco-friendly approaches. Present research assessed the bio-efficacy of Beauveria bassiana, Metarhizium anisopliae, Verticillium lecanii and Bacillus thuringiensis by adult-diet-bioassay at eleven concentrations (1 × 108, 5 × 107, 1 × 107

Efficacy of Alstonia boonei powders and extracts against Dermestes maculatus (Coleoptera: Dermestidae) infesting stored smoked dried catfish (Claria gariepinus) were investigated in the laboratory. The products were tested at 2.5 g, 5.0 g, 7.5 g, 10 g, 12.5 g and 15 g and 1%, 2%, 5%, 10%, 15% and 20%/100 g of smoked catfish respectively. The ability of the plant to protect smoked catfish in terms of

The dilemma of food security and lack of essential nutrients are two fundamental reasons that draw the world's attention towards insects as an alternative source of nutrients. Insect provide us with better quality proteins, low-fat contents as well as essential micronutrients with a high and quick source of energy than any other conventional source of food. Insect farming has been adopted by many people

The present study aimed to evaluate the efficacy of the methanolic extract of Enteromorpha compressa against the 3rd larval stages and adults of Musca domestica and Calliphora vicina. Three concentrations of the methanolic extract of E. compressa (5, 10, and 20) g/L are used. The results showed that the mortality of M. domestica larvae varied from 26.6%, 66.6% to 100% at the concentration of 5 g/L

Entomophagy presents the most viable and sustainable meat alternative to feed the ever-increasing world population as insects are highly nutritious. However, the potential of edible insects’ consumption is constrained by consumers’ fear towards novel or unfamiliar foods (food neophobia), which tends to be higher for insects. This paper assessed the influence of food neophobia and socio-cultural factors

Grewia flavescens Juss. is an underutilised fruit species found throughout semi-arid and sub-humid parts of the world including India. For the first time, an attempt was made to study the role of different flower visitors on fruit set of G. flavescens. We have recorded different floral visitors, activity patterns, foraging behavior and their role in fruit set. A total of 25 species of floral visitors

Regular monitoring of the status of acaricide resistance in field ticks is the need of the hour. Synthetic pyrethroids (cypermethrin and deltamethrin) are most commonly used acaricides against field ticks. There is bulk of literature on development of deltamethrin resistance; however, scarce information is available regarding current status of cypermethrin efficacy against field ticks. In the present

Signal perception in plants is determinant to trigger specific physiological changes that confer resistance during the early stages of the insect attack. Thus, molecular characterization of both insect effectors and plant hormonal regulators are essential in developing forage grasses resistant to infestation by spittlebug Mahanarva spectabilis. We evaluated the presence of effectors in the salivary

The Sterile Insect Technique (SIT) is a target-specific, biologically based method used to control invading or established populations of pestiferous tephritids. SIT entails the release of large numbers of mass-reared, sterilized males, with the goal of achieving sterile male x wild female matings, which yield infertile eggs and suppress the growth rate of the pest population. The development of male-only

Whitebacked planthopper, Sogatella furcifera Horvath (Homoptera: Delphacidae) is a migratory and very serious pest of rice crop in Pakistan. The experiment was carried out to study the population dynamics by capturing Whitebacked planthopper (WBPH) in light traps and its association with abiotic factors (temperature, relative humidity and rainfall). Population dynamics was monitored using light traps

Climate change has escalated into a global problem owing to its devastating impact on agriculture and food security. More specifically, climate change has triggered extreme weather events which have affected the overall agricultural sustainability, either negatively or positively, with the former outdoing the latter. This has led to a concomitant nutritional imbalance and health challenges in the human

Diaeretiella rapae [M’Intosh (Hymenoptera: Braconidae)] is a koinobiont, cosmopolitan, solitary and polyphagous endo-parasitoid of various species of aphids especially attacking on cruciferous plants. Present study intended to assess the quality of three aphid species i.e. Myzus persicae (Sulzer), Lipaphis erysimi (Kaltenbach), and Brevicoryne brassicae (Linn.) (Hemiptera: Aphididae) as host influencing

Vector borne diseases can be controlled by managing the mosquito population. So the present study was done to evaluate larvicidal activities of Cajanus cajan mature leaf extracts against the Japanese encephalitis vector Culex vishnui. Crude and three different solvent extracts of C. cajan leaves were applied for larvicidal bioassay against the all instars larvae of Cx. vishnui. For statistical justifications

Balanites fruit pulp and seed kernel contain considerable amount of steroidal saponins, which are used as raw material for the production of pharmaceutical drugs. However, insect and avian pests are the key limiting factors in balanites production. This study was conducted to record the causal insect and avian pests and level of their infestation. Balanites fruits fallen on the ground were collected

Sampling small-sized, nocturnal amphibiotic insects poses practical questions onto which technique should be used. This is the case of Trichoptera adults, which have been sampled mostly by using pan, light sheets associated with UV lamps. The urgency of selective and efficient sampling, however, requires quantitative comparison of different methods. We evaluated in situ efficiency of two techniques

Japanese encephalitis is a vector borne disease and the best procedure for control of this disease is control of vector population. Now a day use of phyto-chemicals more preferred over use of chemical insecticides. Isolation, purification and determination of chemical structures of bioactive compounds were done successfully from n-hexane extract of leaf of M. ferrea. The compounds shows better potentiality

The effectiveness of the “attract and kill” approach for the management of Bactrocera dorsalis in citrus orchards using autoinoculation strategy was evaluated in three locations in Senegal (Sindia, Sébikhotane and Ndoyene), between 2016 and 2018. Attractant Contaminant Traps (ACT) were treated with 0.3 g of Metarhizium acridum, and methyl eugenol was then deployed at densities of 25, 50 and 100 ACT

Visual and olfactory mediated cues play a major role in mate selection in different groups of insects. This study aimed to observe if there is any role of mate color (under different wavelengths) and/or cuticular hydrocarbons in mate selection of Aulacophora foveicollis. In this study, visual cues and olfactory cues showed a vital role for male A. foveicollis to find mates. Males preferred (81%) orange

Rhynocoris marginatus (Fab.) is one of the most predominant biological control agents in India, which feeds on wide range of economically important pestiferous insects. The nutritional fitness of the reduviid predator was assessed with five orthoperan crop pests such as (Diabolocatantops pinguis (Stål), Oxya nitidula (Walker), Atractomorpha crenulata (Fab.), Orthacris maindroni (Bolivar), and Trilophidia

The influence of two economic host plants country bean (Lablab purpureus L.) and mung bean (Vigna radiata (L. Wilczek)) on the development, reproduction and demographic parameters of the spider mite, Oligonychus biharensis (Acari Tetranychidae) were constructed using two-sex life table program under laboratory condition at 25 °C, 60–80% RH, and a photoperiod of 16 L:8D h. Both male and female of O

Edible insects are a nutrient-packed delicacy in Nigeria. The study determines the edible insect consumption patterns as well as the associable factors affecting edible insect consumption among young people in Oyo state, Nigeria. Data were sourced from three local government areas in Oyo state; Oluyole, Ibadan North, and Ibadan southeast. A total of 372 pretested questionnaires were administered randomly

Aedes aegypti is a globally spread disease vector of supreme concern, primarily controlled by chemical insecticides. Current study investigates the comparative rate of acetamiprid and deltamethrin resistance development in Ae. aegypti larvae and; possible correlation between resistance and cuticular thickening. The larvae were selected with LC90 level of the respective insecticide for 10 successive

Given the scarce knowledge available on the biological aspects of the family Chrysopidae fed with phytophagous mites, the present work aims to study the life cycle of the generalist predator, Ceraeochrysa cincta (Schneider) fed with Raoiella indica Hirst, in order to obtain information that will be useful in the integrated management of this pest, which can damage several species of palms. Only 6.4%

Insects are vital source of protein, and have many advantages as food and feed, when compared to livestock. They are relatively easy to rear and require only small portion of land (mini livestock), uses less water and feed resources, thus saving agricultural land for growing crops and ensuring less emission of greenhouse gases in the atmosphere. However, lack of clear legislation guiding the rearing

Graphosoma lineatum (Hemiptera: Pentatomoidae) is a polyphagia that feeds on plants from the Apiaceae family, including Foeniculum vulgare Mill., Daucus carota L., Ferulago campestris (Besser) Grecescu. It is reported as an important pest in our country, especially in anise production areas. In general, pests prefer generative organs of plants and harm them by feeding on maturing or matured seeds.

The desire for developing alternative natural pesticides/ repellents for pests causing crop loss, is growing each year, as the harmful effects of synthetic pesticides on humans and non-target species become established. Plants being the age-old source of various bioactive compounds, the insecticidal and repellency potential of Andrographis paniculata leaves was evaluated against adults of major stored-grain

This study was conducted in the apiary of Faculty of Agriculture, Cairo University, Egypt, to examine and determine the effect of Imidacloprid & Chlorpyrifos and their nano compounds on certain morphological characteristics of honeybee workers. This study proved that: Chlorpyrifos and nano-chlorpyrifos compounds showed more toxicity and harmful than Imidacloprid and nano-imidacloprid towards honeybee

Irradiation is a quarantine treatment option for stored product pests. In the present studies, we try to investigate the effect of low gamma irradiation doses in the range of 20–300 Gy on the different developmental stages of Rhyzopertha dominica in wheat grains. It was found that no adults emerged after irradiation of eggs, larvae, and pupae at 140, 240, and 260 Gy, respectively. Treatment of adult