This paper provides the current state of knowledge available from the literature regarding the use of copper sulphate (CuSO4) in culture of freshwater and marine fish as related to toxicity, growth performance, physiology, immunity, histomorphology and antiparasitic treatment. From this review, I have assessed and discussed all of these factors, as well as the potential strategies available for use

We established a recombinase polymerase amplification (RPA) assay for the rapid detection of viral hemorrhagic septicemia virus (VHSV) using primers designed to the N gene in this species. Optimization experiments showed that the optimal amplification temperature of the RPA assay was 37 °C and that the reaction could be completed within only 15 min. Specificity tests showed that the RPA assay did not

The absorption and depletion of dietary administered praziquantel (PZQ) were explored in greater amberjack, Seriola dumerili, a promising farmed fish species in the Mediterranean area and elsewhere. Greater amberjack weighing 84 g were fed once daily for 5 days on diets containing either 1.5 or 3.0 g/kg of PZQ to deliver dose rates of 30 or 60 mg/kg fish, respectively. During the first day, plasma

This study aimed to evaluate the effect of including 10%, 20% and 30% of mealworm (Tenebrio molitor, TM) larvae meal (diets TM10, TM20 and TM30, respectively), replacing 25%, 50% and 75% of fishmeal (FM) in a isoproteic (50%) and isolipidic (19%) FM-based diet (CTR) for meagre (Argyrosomus regius). The diets were fed for 9 weeks to triplicate groups of fish with 18.0 g initial body weight and results

Chromosome manipulation, such as gynogenetic induction, is an effective method in fish to quickly obtain high inbreeding coefficient which is useful for genetic breeding. Based on different induction protocols, there are two kinds of gynogenesis, meio-gynogenesis (MEG) and mito-gynogenesis (MIG), which retain high level of heterozygosity or theoretically homozygous. Until now, little is known about

Hepatopancreatic microsporidiosis (HPM) caused by Enterocytozoon hepatopenaei (EHP) leads to significant growth retardation of Penaeus vannamei and is increasing the economic losses in the shrimp aquaculture. Our previous metabolomic results showed that 24 metabolites including linolenic acid (LNA) significantly decreased in EHP-infected shrimp compared with healthy groups. This study aims to evaluate

Fish are poor users of dietary carbohydrates and often display prolonged hyperglycemia and fat deposition after feeding high digestible carbohydrate diets. Recently, fatty acid β-oxidation (FAO) inhibition has been reported to increase glucose oxidation in fish. Therefore, this study tested the assumption that the inhibition of FAO with mildronate (MD, a carnitine synthesis inhibitor) might also increase

Neuropeptide Y (NPY), melanin-concentrating hormone 1 (MCH1), and cholecystokinin (CCK) are appetite-regulatory hormones. To understand the regulation of npy, mch1, and cck mRNA expression by dietary nutrients, the following two experiments were performed in the marine, carnivorous yellowtail (Seriola quinqueradiata). Juvenile yellowtails were fed one of four different diets for one week in Experiment

The objective of this study was to evaluate the effect of fish meal replacement with a mixture of plant, and animal protein supplemented with a commercial nucleotide NucleoforceFish™, on growth, feed utilization, whole-body composition, biometric indices; liver mitochondrial enzyme activities, selected gene expression and influence on the gut microbiome of gilthead seabream, Sparus aurata. Six hundred

A 9-week feeding experiment was conducted to evaluate different dietary protein levels in juvenile Nile tilapia reared in either a biofloc (Bio-RAS) or clear water recirculating aquaculture system (CW-RAS). The fish were fed four isoenergetic (19 MJ kg−1) diets with graded levels of a fixed mixture of three protein sources (animal, plant, and microbial origin) and containing 23, 27, 31 or 35% crude

Recently, diseases of koi carp Cyprinus carpio var. koi have resulted in the mass mortality of stock at a koi carp breeding farm in Tianjin. The diseased fish exhibited obvious symptoms including skin ulceration, hemorrhages on body surface, and abdominal and intestinal dropsy. Seven Gram-negative bacterial isolates were isolated from the liver and spleen of diseased koi carp. Based on the phenotypic

Producing food according to the sustainability and “circular economy” principles is considered a strategic goal by several world Institutions. Integrated Multi-Trophic Aquaculture (IMTA) responds to these criteria and stemming from it, the “Self-sufficient Integrated Multitrophic AquaPonic” (SIMTAP) aims to drastically reduce production inputs and waste outputs while maximizing the total food production

This study investigated the effects of different levels of dietary selenium (Se) on the growth, antioxidant capacity, hepatopancreas health, and transcriptional-level responses of Litopenaeus vannamei. Sodium selenite was added to basal diet formulations at 0, 0.2, 0.4, and 0.8 mg/kg, with final Se concentrations of 0.13, 0.20, 0.45, and 0.81 mg/kg, respectively. Shrimp were fed the experimental diets

A 10-week feeding trial was conducted to evaluate the effect of dietary methionine (MET) on the growth performance, lipid metabolism and liver antioxidant function in juvenile large yellow croaker (Larimichthys crocea) fed with high lipid diets (HLDs). Large yellow croaker with an initial average weight of 8.59 g, were fed with basic HLD (lipid level at 18%, HL), basic HLD supplemented with 0.6% MET

Aquaculture routinely uses fishmeal (FM) as feed, but its increasing cost has prompted the search for alternative protein sources. This study conducted an 8-week feeding trial to evaluate the effects of adding hydrolysed porcine mucosa (HPM) to low-FM feed on the growth performance, intestinal morphology, and expressions of intestinal amino acids and small peptide transporters in hybrid groupers (Epinephelus

In northen Vietnam, shrimp farming has in several provinces changed from extensive to intensive production. This change has brought a number of socio-cultural, economic and environmental challenges, including disease outbreaks and an increase in the application of antimicrobials and chemical compounds to prevent and treat diseases. This qualitative study sought to explore shrimp farmers' practices

Mulberry leaf, as a commercially important woody plant medicine or food in China, has been used as feed additive on livestock and poultry due to its excellent pharmacological, security and high value in economy. The present working hypothesis is that dietary mulberry leaf addition will also benefit to fish with its wide-spectrum virtues. To this end, a feeding experiment was conducted to evaluate the

It is widely accepted that fish farms (FF) have important contribution to input of nutrients into water, however fundamental knowledge regarding the influence of land use and land cover (LULC) on the water quality of fish farms is still lacking. The aim of this study was to assess the linkages between the LULC types and the water quality parameters in FFs. Three specific objectives were set: (1) to

Edwardsiella piscicida (formerly included in E. tarda) is the leading pathogen threatening worldwide fresh and seawater aquaculture industries and has been considered as a model organism for studying intracellular and systemic infections. Toxin-antitoxin (TA) systems are omnipresent in bacteria and participate widely in stress responses, biofilm formation and pathogenicity. However, the roles of TA

Vibrio harveyi can cause infections and diseases in a variety of marine vertebrates and invertebrates, which is very harmful to the aquaculture industry. In this study, two phages were isolated and named VB_VhaP_Vh-5 (referred to as PVHp5) and VB_VhaM_VH-8 (referred to as PVHp8). Morphological analysis showed that PVHp5 belonged to Autographiviridae phage, while PVHp8 belonged to Myoviridae family

Preservation of amino acids is highly important, as these are vital nutrients that support many physiological and biochemical processes. During fish osmoregulation, the kidney reabsorbs amino acids and short peptides that are filtered from the blood into the nephron. However, little is known about reabsorption systems in teleost kidney. To identify transporters involved in this process, we examined

The white snook (Centropomus viridis) is a species with great aquaculture potential, therefore, the present study aims two objectives; 1) to characterize digestive enzymatic activity during larval development and; 2) characterize the diversity and functionality of digestive enzymes in an early juvenile stage of C. viridis. On first feeding, larvae were 2.75 ± 0.09 mm total length and grew to 24.35 ± 4

Aeromonas hydrophila (A. hydrophila) is a gram-negative opportunistic pathogen widely distributed in aquatic environment, which can infect human, birds, amphibians, reptiles and fishes. However, the interaction between A. hydrophila and host cells has not been well characterized. In the present study, we investigated the role of autophagy in grass carp (Ctenopharyngodon idella) monocytes/macrophages

In the present study, rainbow trout fingerlings, Oncorhynchus mykiss, were fed diets supplemented with 0% (C), 0.5 (T1), 1.5 (T2), 2.5 (T3), and 4% (T4) mistletoe extract (ME), Viscum album over eight weeks. At the end of feeding trial, growth performance, serum antioxidant and innate immune responses, and serum bactericidal activity against Aeromonas hydrophila were evaluated. According to results

Glycerol is an inexpensive source of dietary energy, although its inclusion in compound feeds has been barely investigated in fish. The effects of dietary refined glycerol inclusion on growth performance, nitrogen and energy balance, as well as its digestibility and intestinal digestive enzyme activities was studied in rainbow trout. Fish (initial BW 20.2 ± 0.1 g, mean ± SE) were divided into nine

This study aims to describe the early development of Piaractus mesopotamicus in detail at 22 °C, 26 °C, and 30 °C and describe primordial germ cell migration in vivo by using artificial GFP-nos1 3’UTR mRNA for future application in surrogate technology. The highest hatching rate was observed at 26 °C with 52.9 ± 18.9%, which was considered the best incubation temperature. At 22 °C, the embryos survived

Edwardsiellosis is an important bacterial disease of fish, birds, reptiles and mammals. This study was conducted to describe the histopathology and etiology of the disease caused by Edwardsiella tarda in farmed hatchling Siamese crocodiles (Crocodylus siamensis) in Hainan, China. The main macroscopic lesions were congestion and hemorrhage of various internal organs, pericardial fluid and subcutaneous

International spillovers from research and development (R&D) arise when technology developed in one geopolitical region is adopted by another region, resulting in a divergence between social and private benefits from the technology. Applying this concept to aquacultural R&D, study results based on a partial equilibrium model of the global fish market suggest the magnitude of spillovers depends crucially

Tilapia production in most Southern African countries has remained low despite the high potential that exists. This sector is particularly important for inland countries. Government and donor driven programmes have largely failed to boost tilapia production in the last four decades in most Southern African countries. However, Zambia has experienced significant growth in tilapia production in recent

Soft-shelled turtle iridovirus (STIV) causes devastating virus disease in farmed soft-shelled turtles (Trionyx sinensis). Aptamers with remarkably high specificity and affinity have been widely applied in diseases diagnosis and therapies. In this study, single-stranded DNA (ssDNA) aptamers were generated against STIV-infected Fathead minnow (FHM) cells via Cell-SELEX (Cell based-Systematic Evolution

The effective use of distillery by-products of the shochu sweet potato has long been considered as a rich source of protein, fiber, amino acids, fatty acids, probiotics with a great potential as a functional feed for animals. This study applied fermented by-product of Shochu distillery (FBPSD) and salmon roe emulsion oil for rotifer enrichment to evaluate its effects on the: (i) nutritional composition

Discus (Symphysodon spp.) is among the most popular ornamental fish for warm-water and species that tolerates low temperature should be preferred by discus farmers due to costs in heating aquaria. Here, we compared the antioxidant responses and oxidative stress to decreased temperatures in gills of two discus species (S. haraldi and S. aequifasciatus), by employing a continuous temperature change program

Monogenean parasites are responsible for severe economic losses of both freshwater and marine aquaculture industries. Current chemotherapeutic treatments are consuming, expensive, and harmful to water quality and human health. Medicinal plants are a reliable source of alternative anthelmintic agents. In the pursuit of novel anti-monogenean drugs, in vivo anthelminthic efficacy of 26 selected phytochemical

In August 2019, an outbreak of mass mortality occurred in the Pacific oysters farmed in Shandong, China, resulting in over 60% mortality. Bacterial pathogens were isolated from moribund oysters, among which one strain identified as gram-negative rod-shaped bacterium, named as Cg5, was further characterized in this study. Based on 16S rRNA phylogenetic analysis and biochemical characterization, Cg5

Vibrio alginolyticus, a Gram-negative halophilic zoonotic pathogen, can cause bacterial hemorrhagic septicemia in various aquaculture species and wound infections in humans. V. alginolyticus brings about huge economic losses in aquaculture all around the world. Hfq, a ubiquitous RNA-binding protein, is a global post-transcriptional regulator in most bacteria and some archaea, by facilitating base-pairing

This study aims to evaluate the effects of immersion vaccination through hyperosmotic treatment, and determine the optimum hyperosmotic salinity for largemouth bass (Micropterus salmoides) by determining immune responses and protective efficacies post vaccination. For hyperosmotic immersion (HI), M. salmoides were immersed in three hyperosmotic salinities (5, 10 and 20‰ salinity) respectively, then

Anesthesia is a stress mitigation technique widely used during transportation and short-term human manipulation, such as labeling and measurement of body parameters of aquatic animals. This is because anesthetics affect the content of neurotransmitters, exerting various effects on the body. This study determined optimal anesthetic concentration for cuttlefish by measuring the anesthetic and recovery

The potential for commercial Australian redclaw crayfish culture is considered very significate. However, information on maximization of pond carrying capacity that provides consistent production of commercial sizes is limited. A stochastic model was used to study the dynamics of commercial male redclaw production in 2500 m2 gravel-lined ponds with continuous aeration, when reared at 1, 2, 4, and 6

Gryodactylus malalai is a monogenean ectoparasite that causes damage to the skins and gills of the infected fish. It is a viviparous organism and easily transmitted to other fish in an aquatic ecosystem resulting in huge biological and economical losses. The use of chemotherapeutics is the method adopted by farmers in the treatment, and control of monogenean infections. However, the use of these chemotherapeutics

This study investigated a practical, inexpensive, and effective vibriosis control experimentally for serious causes of severe mortalities of cultured European sea bass (Dicentrarchus labrax) using FKC bacterins of Listonella anguillarum or Vibrio alginolyticus, their cross-protection against L. anguillarum or V. alginolyticus, and their most suitable administration route in D. labrax. The results of

Hypoxia is a critical issue in aquaculture which affects the metabolism and survival of fish. The critical oxygen tension (Pcrit), loss of equilibrium (LOE), respiration frequency (RF), plasma cortisol, glucose, lactate, cholesterol (CHO), triglyceride (TG), high-density lipoprotein (HDL), low-density lipoprotein (LDL), total protein, albumin, globulin, albumin/globulin, white blood cell (WBC), red

The prevalence of Pseudomonas species in freshwater fish and water from aquaculture farms in Turkey was determined on a monthly basis, in the period covering 2013–2017 and two seasons of 2018. The farms included in the study were located in six different regions of Turkey. A total of 90 Pseudomonas strains were isolated from water and diseased and healthy fish, and were classified under 20 species

Green macroalgal blooms have occurred in the Yellow Sea for 13 consecutive years since 2007. However, effective control methods have not yet been successfully developed. Ulva prolifera attached on Pyropia aquaculture rafts was identified as the main source of the blooms, thus, eliminating the attached Ulva from the rafts should be the most efficient method to prevent and control these blooms. In this

Fish farmers utilize the reversibility of the bioconcentration process to depurate geosmin and other off- flavour causing chemicals from their fish by placing them in clean water just before harvest. To better understand and improve this process, we investigated effects of temperature and water exchange of depuration tanks on geosmin elimination from Atlantic salmon (Salmo salar). Fish loaded with

Fish diseases caused by bacterial genera belonging to the family Flavobacteriaceae, especially Tenacibaculum, Flavobacterium, and Chryseobacterium, are responsible for losses in wild and farmed fish around the world. In the last decade, the genus Chryseobacterium has rapidly grown in parallel with numerous novel Chryseobacterium species described from systemic infections of fish. Members of the family

One of the factors that limits the replacement of fish meal (FM) and fish oil (FO) by plant ingredients in diets for marine fish, is their lack of long chain-polyunsaturated fatty acids (LC-PUFA). LC-PUFA are essential fatty acids for these fish species, which lack sufficient fatty acyl desaturase 2 (Fads2) activity to synthesize them. Nutritional programing or the use of broodstock with a higher Fads2

Chronic hypoxia is a common environmental stress factor in aquaculture. Many researchers have illustrated the physiological and metabolic changes under chronic hypoxia, but there are few studies to evaluate the relationship between dietary nutrients and hypoxic adaptation in fish. In the present study, we fed zebrafish with control diet (C), high-carbohydrate diet (HC), high-fat diet (HF) and high-protein

Understanding the characteristics of trace element enrichment in crayfish from different regions is important for brand protection, quality control, and food safety. Here, we collected farmed and wild crayfish (n = 660) from four regions of China to explore differences in trace element enrichment and find an effective method of identifying their origin. The concentrations of most trace elements in

Tumor necrosis factor (TNF) receptor-associated factors (TRAFs) are multifunctional adaptor proteins in the immune system, which play significant roles in the regulation of Toll-like receptor and RIG-I-like receptor signaling pathway in animals. Although many TRAF genes have been identified in mollusks, the systematic identification of the TRAF gene family in noble scallop Chlamys nobilis has not been

The purpose of this study was to evaluate the effect of Brachionus plicatilis and Navicula sp. addition on growth performance, Vibrio count, immunological responses and resistance to white spot syndrome virus (WSSV) of Litopenaeus vannamei in nursery biofloc system. The study was divided into two phases and four treatments were examined in the first phase: BFT (biofloc); BFT-N (addition of 10×104 cells

Vibrio harveyi is an opportunistic Gram-negative pathogen that threatens future development of global aquaculture as well as human health. In this study, to gain insight into virulence regulation of cqsA in V. harveyi, a ΔcqsA mutant strain and complementation of the ΔcqsA mutant (C-cqsA) were constructed and phenotypically characterized. Deletion of cqsA led to enhanced mobility, iron absorption,

The spatfall of mussels on artificial collectors sustains the production of ~350,000 t of mussels per year in Chile, which is known as “capture based aquaculture” (CBA), although little is known about the processes that determine a successful or unsuccessful spatfall. We studied the vertical variability of the larval supply and spat of Mytilus chilensis, Choromytilus chorus and Aulacomya atra in a

Streptococcus agalactiae is the main pathogen of tilapia, causing huge economic losses to the tilapia aquaculture industry in China. To elucidate the role of the EII complexes of the cellobiose-phosphotransferase system (cel-PTS) in the regulation of S. agalactiae virulence, the △cel-EII mutants of a high virulence strain (THN0901) and a low virulence strain (TFJ0901) were constructed using homologous

Bacteria, especially Vibrio spp., are largely responsible for larval diseases in shellfish aquaculture. Despite the severe impact of bacterial diseases on larval health, only a few direct studies have characterized the pathogenesis of vibriosis in bivalve larvae. To clarify the onset and advancement of vibriosis in blue mussel Mytilus edulis larvae, two known larval pathogens Vibrio splendidus ME9

During the anomalously hot summer of 2018, the water temperature in a sea cucumber culture pond reached 28–33 °C. As a result, many sea cucumbers died from the high temperature, causing huge economic losses. Currently, changes in the bacterial community of the sea cucumber culture pond ecosystem during high temperature remain largely unknown. In this study, we investigated the effects of high temperature

Oxygen is essential for crustaceans, and hypoxia will have a negative impact on the growth and development of crustaceans. The aim of this study was to evaluate the protective effects of melatonin (MT) on hemolymph immune parameters (Hemocyanin, Total haemocytes count (THC), Phenoloxidase (PO)), Antioxidant capacity, heat shock proteins (Hsp), mitochondrial number, cytochrome C (CytC) and Na+-K+ ATPase

Polymeric immunoglobulin receptor (pIgR) is a protein that transports Immunoglobulins (Igs) from epithelial cells into the external secretion system of the animal. In the present study, we characterized the partial pIgR gene from Labeo rohita and analyzed its expression in response to the pDNA (pGPD-IFN) vaccine, and studied its correlation with the expression of IgM, in the mucosal-associated lymphoid

Probiotic supplementation in fish feed is becoming popular as a viable alternative to curb the indiscriminate use of antibiotics in aquaculture. The effect of inactivated Lactobacillus plantarum on growth performance and health related indices of black sea bream (Acanthopagrus schlegelii) fingerlings was studied, using different concentrations of a commercial inactivated L. plantarum product (Immuno-LP20):

A transmission trial was carried out using 420 Atlantic salmon (Salmo salar L., parr stage) to simultaneously test the impact of vaccination and selective breeding on the transmission of Infectious salmon anemia virus (ISAV). Genetic difference in disease resistance was based on mortality differences across 15 families (defined by a genomic breeding value (GEBV)) and organised into three groups (low

A polychaete-assisted sand filter (PASF) can aid water recirculation systems for shrimp culture ponds by removing large amounts of nutrients and suspended solids and chemically treating wastewater. By ingesting and degrading organic matter, Perinereis helleri polychaetes reared in a PASF can accumulate and potentially remove infectious hypodermal and haemopoietic necrosis virus (IHHNV) present in wastewater