Infectious spleen and kidney necrosis, caused by the infectious spleen and kidney necrosis virus (ISKNV), has damaged the economy of the world fish industry. Droplet digital PCR (ddPCR) is a novel, sensitive, accurate and absolute quantitation method that does not require a standard curve. In this study, we established a sensitive ddPCR method to rapidly detect and quantify ISKNV DNA. The established

Mud crab (Scylla paramamosain) is an economically important marine crustacean species commonly distributed in China and Indo-west Pacific countries. However, the disease outbreaks caused by Vibrio parahemolyticus have resulted in high mortality and disastrous economic losses in the mud crab culture industry. Immune priming has shown the capacity of protecting invertebrates against pathogens in the

Filamentous microalga Tribonema sp. contains multiple bioactive compounds, such as eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA), palmitoleic acid and chrysolaminarin. Tribonema sp. is potentially a nature and safe ingredient in aquatic feed. Therefore, 6-week feeding experiment was conducted to investigate the effects of Tribonema sp. on growth performance, antioxidant capacity, immunity and hepatic health of Trachinotus

The white-leg shrimp, Litopenaeus vannamei, is the most widely farmed shrimp species globally. In recent years, interest in developing selective breeding programs and identifying the mechanisms controlling sex determination in L. vannamei has increased in the hope that improvements can be made on productivity efficiency. L. vannamei exhibits sexual dimorphism whereby females grow faster and larger

A ten-week feeding trial was conducted to evaluate largemouth bass (Micropterus salmoides, LMB) responses to supplemental eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA)- and docosahexaenoic acid (DHA)-rich oils at different inclusion levels and ratios. For this purpose, eight experimental diets were formulated to contain 42% crude protein and12% lipid. Two diets were formulated to be n-3 fatty acid (FA) and EPA/DHA depleted

Few ingredients allow the complete replacement of fish meals (FM) and fish oils (FO) in aquaculture feeds without affecting fish performance or fillet nutritive value. This is due to the adequate content of essential nutrients, including the n-3 long-chain polyunsaturated fatty acids (n-3 LC PUFA), and the unique high palatability of FM and fish oil. Some microalgae present abundant amounts of these

Selenium (Se) is an essential micronutrient required for normal development and antioxidant protection. Oxidative stress induced by stressful conditions has been shown to be reduced by dietary Se supplementation. However, replacing fishmeal, an important source of Se, with ingredients of plant origin usually results in decreased Se content in aquafeeds. The objective of the study was hence to assess

As the demand for fish increases and limitations are placed on water use, intensification in closed aquaculture systems could help to increase its sustainable production. The Amazon region stands out for its stable warm climate with fast-growing and resilient fish. This study evaluated the efficacy of two aeration regimes on intensive rearing of tambaqui, Colossoma macropomum, in six 46.4-m3 concrete-wall

There is increased commercial interest in the production of lumpfish (Cyclopterus lumpus) as a biological control against sea lice infections in Atlantic salmon farming. To ensure a sustainable supply of lumpfish, reliable captive reproduction is required however, optimal husbandry and conditions for captive broodstock performance remain unknown. Artificial fertilisation of gametes remains the preferred

Recirculating aquaculture systems (RAS) using biofloc biofilters can address the high accumulation of nitrate (NO3−-N) and total suspended solids (TSS) in in-situ biofloc technology (BFT) aquaculture systems. A RAS was divided into the following four zones: reaction zones of the BFT biofilters, settling zones of the BFT biofilters, culture tanks, and a buffer tank. During the 95-day experimental period

Intestinal microbiota studies based on high-throughput sequencing have attracted increasing attention due to its vital impact on host health. However, the taxonomical profile in relative proportion does not reflect the quantity of the intestinal bacteria and the inter-sample differences among taxa. In this study, we applied a high-throughput absolute abundance quantification method that used an internal

Effect of dietary substitution of Undaria pinnatifida with onion extract by-product (OEB) on growth, body composition and air exposure stress of juvenile abalone was determined. One thousand and eighty juvenile abalone were randomly distributed into 18,100 L net cages (sixty per cage). Five formulated diets were prepared. Twenty percent U. pinnatifida was included into the control (Con) diet. Twenty

Viral nervous necrosis (VNN), caused by nervous necrosis virus (NNV), is a worldwide disease that severely imperils many kinds of marine and freshwater fish. In this study, a NNV strain CNPgg2018 isolated from pearl gentian grouper (Epinephelus lanceolatus♂ × Epinephelus fuscoguttatus♀) juveniles was identified and characterized by histopathology examination, transmission electron microscopic (TEM)

This study tested the use of essential oil of Ocimum gratissimum (EOOG) as an anesthetic for juvenile Lophiosilurus alexandri and its efficiency in mitigating the effects of handling stress. Two experiments were performed. Experiment 1 determined the time for anesthesia induction and recovery and the ventilatory frequency of juveniles exposed to different concentrations of EOOG (0, 10, 30, 90, 150

A 60-day experiment was conducted to evaluate the best stocking density (SD) and net cage (NC) size for rearing tambaqui juveniles (Colossoma macropomu) in a continental neotropical reservoir. 57,688 tambaqui juveniles (50.10 ± 1.39 g, mean ± S.E.M.) had been randomly stocked in 16 NC. The experiment was run with a 2 × 2 factorial scheme at two SD (15 kg/m3; 24 kg/m3) and two NC sizes (22.5 m3; 40

Calreticulin (CRT) as a multifunctional Ca2+-binding protein is highly conserved in variety species. Recently, the structure and function analysis of CRT in teleost has attracted wide attention. The present study first amplified the open reading frame of CRT mRNA from Nile tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus), then characterized its tissue distribution and expression pattern against the challenge of pathogenic

The objective of this study was to evaluate the use of soybean oil (SO) and two microalgal meals derived from Schizochytrium limacinum (SL1 and SL2) to replace fish oil (FO) in diets for Totoaba macdonaldi juveniles. Nine isoproteic (54% crude protein, CP) and isolipidic (14% crude fat, CF) diets were formulated based on a 3 × 3 factorial design, using the three lipid sources and three replacement

This study aimed to evaluate the sedative and anesthetic potential of the essential oil (PHEO) and hydrolate (PHH) from the fruit of Protium heptaphyllum and the isolated compounds (IC) of PHEO in tambaqui (Colossoma macropomum) juveniles. Fish were placed in aquaria with different concentrations of PHEO, PHH or IC (sabinene, terpinen-04-ol, γ-terpinene and α-pinene) to evaluate sedative and anesthetic

In recent years, marine fish farms in China and Southeast Asian countries, where are the most important maricultural areas around the world, have frequently suffered severe economic losses due to fish diseases. The objective of this study was to clarify the dominant bacterial pathogen in diseased fish collected from China, Vietnam, and Malaysia from 2015 to 2018, and investigate their genetic relationships

This study was performed to assess the ability of Clostridium perfringens types A and D to induce immunological and inflammatory alterations, and mortalities in Nile tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus). Healthy Nile tilapia (n = 90) with an average body weight of 35 ± 0.5 g were randomly divided into three triplicate groups with ten fish in each aquarium. Fish were injected intraperitoneally (IP) with

Taimen (Hucho taimen) is an excellent aquaculture species. Currently, no selective breeding program has been conducted. To promote molecular breeding for taimen, we used genotype-by-sequencing technology to construct a high-resolution linkage map and performed QTL studies of growth-related traits. We sequenced 177 individuals of two full-sib families and obtained 58,016 SNPs. Among them, 30,535 SNPs

As an important farmed flatfish species, Chinese tongue sole (Cynoglossus semilaevis) is heavily threatened by vibriosis in recent years. Genetic selection for disease resistance is a sustainable and effective approach to reduce frequent outbreaks. To verify whether the resistance of vibriosis (caused by co-infections of different Vibrio spp. in natural outbreak) can be included in breeding programs

This study estimated the effects of different dietary carbohydrate levels on growth performance, feed utilization, body composition, and the gene expression of key enzymes involved in hepatopancreas lipogenesis and glucose metabolism in mud crab Scylla paramamosain. Crabs with an initial mean weight of 1.84 ± 0.06 g were used in an 8-week experiment to test five diets (C6, C12, C18, C24, C30) formulated

Elongation of very long-chain fatty acids 4 (Elovl4) proteins, belong to the fatty acyl elongase families that are involved in long-chain polyunsaturated fatty acids (LC-PUFA) biosynthesis in animals. Thus far, very little is known about the roles of Elovl4 in fish. Previously, we reported an elovl4 gene named as elovl4b in rabbitfish (Siganus canaliculatus). In this study, a novel elovl4-like gene

This study aimed to evaluate performance, biochemical, hematological and tissue parameters in tambaqui Colossoma macropomum juveniles with initial average weight of 18.0 ± 4.0 g submitted to feed restriction. Three feeding protocols were tested for 56 days: continuous feeding (control); feeding for six days and feed restriction for one day a week (F6R1); and feeding for five days and restriction for

Temperature is a critical abiotic factor in aquaculture farming. Serum cortisol, glucose, respiratory frequency, hepatic glycogen, anti-oxidant enzyme activities (superoxide dismutase [SOD], catalase [CAT], and glutathione peroxidase [GPx]), malondialdehyde (MDA) content, and expression of heat shock proteins (hsp70, 90) and apoptosis-related genes (p53, caspase3, bax, bcl2) of turbot were determined

The purpose of this research was to explore the mechanism of action of B. cereus on Pengze crucian carp (Carassius auratus var. Pengze). Fish fed basal diet with supplementation of living (LBC group) and heated-inactivated (HIBC group) B. cereus at the dose of 1 × 109 CFU kg−1, and basal diet served as Control group. Our results indicated that both additives remarkably promoted the growth of fish (P < 

Anthropogenically increased occurrence of hypoxic conditions in the aquatic environment, combined with climate change-induced temperature increase, is causing increased concern for aquaculture species. In this study, the survival of the Pacific abalone Haliotis discus hannai (DD) and its hybrid offspring (H. discus hannai ♀ × H. fulgens ♂, DF) were observed under 96 h hypoxia at both optimum temperature

In the present study, we evaluated the effects of two stocking densities (low - ALD, 3.81 kg m−3 vs. high - AHD, 7.26 kg m−3) on the growth, health, and flesh quality of rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss) and the yield and microbiological quality of lettuce (Lactuca sativa) produced in a low-tech aquaponic system compared to hydroponic cultivation (HYP). Nine experimental units (three replications

Biofloc technology (BFT) is considered one of the most promising methods for the sustainable development of shrimp culture. Bioflocs keep the water quality at good standards and represent a complementary food source, allowing the production of high stocking densities of the white shrimp Litopenaeus vannamei. Microorganisms present in flocs are an important source of lipids and proteins; however, laboratory

A measured reduction in the phosphorus load in Hiroshima Bay, Japan, is suspected to be the root cause of the declining success of oyster spat collections and rates of oyster production over the past 30 years. The lack of phosphorus leads to an inadequate abundance of phytoplankton as food sources which, along with competition among various filter feeders, might have generated the poor culture conditions

In this study, the mixed strains, including Lactobacillus plantarum (STBL1), Saccharomyces cerevisiae (STBS1), and Bacillus safensis (SQVG18) were applied to the solid-state fermentation of commercial feed for Penaeus vannamei. Firstly, the optimum combination of strain inoculum, optimum fermentation conditions, and nutritional quality of the fermented feeds were investigated. It was noted that the

Aeromonas schubertii is a conditional pathogen widely distributed in aquatic environments, yet it was only recently reported as a causative pathogen in fish. This study investigated antioxidant capacity, non-specific immunity, histopathology and immune-related gene expression profiles in Nile tilapia Oreochromis niloticus injected with A. schubertii. The results show that A. schubertii infection stimulated

A strain of atypical Aeromonas hydrophila (aAh) has caused issues within the channel catfish Ictalurus punctatus industry of the southeastern United States since 2009. These atypical pathotypes cause acute mortality events resulting in catastrophic losses, as opposed to more chronic mortality and lesions seen in typical infections of motile aeromonas septicemia (MAS). This study provides a basic framework

The increased demand for high-quality feed ingredients for the aquaculture industry has led to an increased focus on microbial ingredients as nutrient sources. Limited information exists, however, on the effect of down-stream processing of yeast on nutrient digestibility and health in Atlantic salmon (Salmo salar). In the present study, three laboratory-scale down-stream processing methods were used:

Harvest and transport of farmed mussels are known to impose stress on the crop species. However, not much is known about molecular pathways underlying these physiological stresses. The present study investigated the effects of harvesting on the metabolome of the haemolymph and hepatopancreas of green-lipped mussels (Perna canaliculus), complemented by assessments of behaviour and survival under simulated

The amphipod Phronima sp. is used as a natural feed for aquaculture activities as it has an adequate content of polyunsaturated fatty acids—namely, docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) and eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA)—and high protein content. It is thus used as an alternative protein source in shrimp cultures, replacing Artemia sp. In this study, we evaluated the effects of using different feed treatments including

Feed withdrawal is a widespread practice in Atlantic salmon (Salmo salar) aquaculture to empty the gut prior to major farming operations, while certain pathogens and suboptimal environmental conditions in production cages are known to induce prolonged fasting. However, these fasting periods may be in conflict with ethical and legal obligations to farm animals. Presently, science-based recommendations

An understanding of how seasonality impacts amphibian's sperm quality is crucial for the development and implementation of assisted reproductive technologies for threatened species. We analysed sperm quality both within and outside the breeding season for the common natterjack toad (Epidalea calamita) in a population close to Madrid (Spain). Fresh hormonally induced sperm samples were assessed for

A major problem in smallholder Nile tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus) farms is that the achieved production is much lower than under optimal management. One of the main environmental factors contributing to lower production is dissolved oxygen (DO), because the majority of Nile tilapia production takes place under smallholder farms with no aeration of ponds which leads to large DO fluctuations. On the

The minority of marine ornamental species in the global trade today are produced through aquaculture. Culture of these species through their fragile larval stage remains a major impediment to commercialization and research into optimizing production protocols is needed. To date, only five ornamental wrasse species have been successfully cultured and no commercial production exists. The melanurus wrasse

To investigate the effects and potential mechanisms of dietary choline on apoptosis in the gill of juvenile grass carp (Ctenopharyngodon idella), fish were fed diets containing different levels of choline (142.2, 407.4, 821.6, 1215.8, 1589.3, and 1996.6 mg kg−1) for 70 days, then sampled after a 3-days challenge test. The results revealed that optimal choline supplementation (1) reduced the incidence

This study explored the alleviation of salinity-induced stress by adding dietary prebiotic inulin in Nile tilapia Oreochromis niloticus. Tilapias were administrated with four levels of inulin (0, 0.2%, 0.4% and 0.8%) at the salinity of 16 psu (practical salinity unit) for 8 weeks, and meanwhile the tilapia fed the basal diet in freshwater were served as a freshwater control. The final weight, weight

Implementation of massive sequencing techniques in aquaculture has led to increase genomic resources of different species and have generated useful specific markers to improve their management. In this regard, transcriptomic approaches have been widely used to easily obtain gene expression profiles and understand the regulation of molecular pathways of interest in aspects as development and nutrition

Artificial selection can be advantageous for breeding fish that are better adapted to the temperature changes induced by climate change. Selecting fish with better growth performance and survival under long term thermal stress would require an understanding of the level of additive genetic variation for these traits. Moreover, disentangling the genetic co-variation between growth- and robustness-related

The present study evaluated the replacement of fishmeal (FM) by blends of alternative protein sources in diets for juvenile (8.0 ± 0.5 g) Totoaba macdonaldi. Using a FM-based control diet containing 53% crude protein and 13% crude fat, a 3 × 3 factorial experiment was conducted replacing FM, at levels of 33, 66 and 100% by weight, with three blends of the test ingredients, as follows: 1) Arthrospira

In shrimp farming, there has been a considerable focus on the development of novel additives that might reduce costs associated with the time taken by shrimp to locate and ingest feed. However, within these trials there has been little consideration of the role that feeding behaviour of individuals can play in assessing the attractability of additives. As such, the use of tracking technologies in the

Pseudomonas plecoglossicida is an important pathogen of maricultured fish in China and caused great loss. In this study, the mRNA level of pvdE gene of wild-type strain of P. plecoglossicida (NZBD9) was significantly decreased by 5 shRNAs and the mutant with the best silencing efficiency (89.4%) were chosen for subsequent research. Injection of pvdE-RNAi strain at a dose of 105 cfu/fish did not cause

In order to examine the effects of different stocking densities and culture methods on the growth, food intake and expression of related genes in Haliotis discus hannai ♀ × H. fulgens♂ hybrid abalones, juvenile abalones were placed into three treatment groups of different stocking densities (400, 600, 800 ind/m2) and cultured using two different methods, including suspension cages and bottom sowing

Shrimp farming has been severely affected by Vibrio infections in southeastern Asia, with severe economic impacts. Invasive seaweeds are an increasing threat that can be strategically valorized by biotechnology, promoting economic development while contributing to ecologic remediation. Asparagopsis armata and Sargassum muticum are two such species that have been frequently reported as excellent bioactive

Large-scale mariculture of a marine sponge requires a sustainable seed stock that can be raised artificially. To find the optimized breeding methods for Haliclona simulans juveniles, a study with three stages, starting from free swimming larvae, was performed in a field laboratory placed on a floating sea raft. In the first step, six different substrates were compared, and polystyrene plastic petri

This study aimed to investigate the physical and chemical properties of mucoadhesive zein nanoparticles containing eugenol (NPZMA) and to evaluate their anesthetic effect in immersion baths, their stability in water and their effects on hemogasometric parameters of juvenile Oreochromis niloticus. Four experiments were performed: Experiment 1 characterized the nanoparticles. Experiment 2 evaluated the

Nile tilapia is a GSD + TE (genotypic sex determination plus temperature effect) fish species. However, the role of 17β-estradiol (E2) during high-temperature-induced masculinization is unknown in fish species exhibiting GSD + TE. Because letrozole can specifically downregulate E2, the differences of the E2 level and sex ratio between the high-temperature-treated groups and various doses of letrozole

Cypermethrin (CYP) is a synthetic pyrethroid insecticide which is used for insects control in agricultural activities near the aquatic ecosystem. It could reach the aquatic environment leading to severe degradation in the fish welfare. Guava leaves extract (GLE) was used as a natural feed supplement for fish because of its stimulating effects on their growth and welfare status. The present research

Six iso‑nitrogenous and isolipid experimental diets were fed to orange-spotted groupers, Epinephelus coioides, and their growth performance, intestinal morphology, immune function and resistance to Vibrio harveyi infection evaluated. Positive controls (FM) were fed fishmeal as the only protein source. Negative controls (Y0) were fed a lower proportion of fishmeal in combination with plant proteins

Nile tilapia can achieve sexual maturity before reaching market size, which can be a great problem for production farms. To circumvent this problem the standard solution is to use androgen treatment to produce only male fish. However, the use of hormones has undesirable environmental issues due to residues in the water. One alternative would be by producing sterile triploid fish, which is conceptually

Juveniles of the Pacific white shrimp Litopenaeus vannamei were exposed to 0 (control), 2, 6.67, and 20 mg L−1 nitrite-N for 30 days, and the growth, immunity, and gut microbiota were evaluated. The weight gain of shrimp exposed to 20 mg L−1 nitrite-N was significantly lower than that in the control. Antioxidant capacity, measured as superoxide dismutase and glutathione peroxidase activities, catalase