Accurate estimates of the rain-fed field evapotranspiration (ET) in the Loess Plateau of Northwest China is critical for predicting hydrologic processes, crop yield formation, and climate change. We simulated the ET variation in a rain-fed spring maize field in the eastern Loess Plateau using the Penman-Monteith (PM), Shuttleworth-Wallace (SW), and modified Priestley-Taylor (PTm) models. Then we compared

Interactions between boundary layer wind and topography form non-uniform air temperature distributions in cold and snow-covered regions. Because of this heterogeneity, spatially interpolated air temperatures sometimes deviate from observed values. To evaluate the quality of spatially interpolated daily mean temperatures (Tint) provided by a 1 km gridded meteorological data service (Ohno et al., 2016)

We compared the difference of heatstroke risk of marathon runners in the Summer Olympics on the basis of the percentage of weight decrease due to sweating using potential effective sweating, between Tokyo and Sapporo. For the women’s marathon, the difference in the rate of decrease in body weight was 0.42% when the start time was 11:00, with 7.51% loss for Tokyo and 7.09% for Sapporo. Nevertheless

Ophiorrhiza pumila is a medicinal plant distributed on the floors of humid inland forests in subtropical areas and accumulates camptothecin (CPT) in whole plant organs. To elucidate the proper light and air temperature conditions for plant growth and CPT yield, we conducted two experiments under controlled environments. In experiment 1, we measured the net photosynthetic rate (Pn) and transpiration

We constructed 3D models of the greenhouse (168 m2) and tomato plants (plant height: 150 cm). The point cloud data of tomato plants was acquired by a 3D scanner and converted to the 3D model, which was constructed using polygons. The canopy 3D model was installed in the greenhouse 3D model. In addition, the date, time, latitude, longitude, global solar radiation, and optical properties of objects,

To understand the magnitudes of temporal variation in soil respiration (Rs) and its spatial heterogeneity, and the effect of abiotic and biotic factors to cause the variation in a young plantation recovering after the clear-cutting of a mature forest, we analyzed 8 year Rs, microclimate, and vegetation data obtained in a young hybrid larch plantation with dense undergrowth of dwarf bamboo Sasa in northern

Abrupt temperature drops pose serious concerns for rice production in northern Japan. Previous early warning systems have been based on projected temperature tendencies, and alerts have announced for the occurrence of low temperatures. The rice crop has low-temperature-sensitive stages; however, previous systems have not considered them because of the difficulty of simulating rice growth at the local

Fertilization in farming systems should not only optimize crop yields and soil fertilizer but also maintain soil biodiversity and functions. In young oasis farmland, knowledge regarding soil bacteria respond to fertilization strategies is very limited. We performed a 12-year field experiment to evaluated the effects of organic manure, mineral fertilizer and their combination on a typical young oasis

The mitigation of the urban heat island effect is an important environmental issue for sustainable urban development. We quantified the relative contributions to surface cooling associated with land use changes from an urban center to an urban park using the temperature decomposition method, with one-year paired eddy covariance measurements in Sakai, Japan. The enhanced heat transport efficiency achieved