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Progesterone-Related Diabetes Mellitus in the Bitch: Current Knowledge, the Role of Pyometra, and Relevance in Practice Animals (IF 3.0) Pub Date : 2024-03-14 Álan Gomes Pöppl, José Lucas Xavier Lopes, Taís Bock Nogueira, Denise Iparraguirre da Silva, Bruna dos Santos Machado
Progesterone-related diabetes mellitus (PRDM) in dogs is known for its particular potential for diabetes remission. This narrative review aims to provide relevant detailed information on (1) the canine estrus cycle and its impact on canine diabetes mellitus (CDM) etiology and management, (2) the role of pyometra as a further cause of insulin resistance, and (3) useful individual therapeutic and preventive
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Effect of Calcareous Marine Algae Buffer on High-Producing Dairy Cows during Peak Lactation Animals (IF 3.0) Pub Date : 2024-03-14 Radko Loučka, Václav Jambor, Hana Synková, Petr Homolka, Dana Kumprechtová, Veronika Koukolová, Petra Kubelková, Alena Výborná, Yvona Tyrolová, Filip Jančík
The aim of the study was to investigate the effect of calcareous marine algae (Lithotamium calcareum)-based rumen content buffer (CMA) included in concentrated feed within total mixed ration (TMR), fed to 34 peak lactation (87–144 days in milk) Holstein dairy cows, randomized into two groups (group A, n = 17; group B, n = 17), wearing collars with accelerometers, and housed a in barn with automatic
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Behavioural Factors Influencing the Intention to Adopt Sheep Scab Control Measures in Northern Ireland Animals (IF 3.0) Pub Date : 2024-03-15 Adewale Henry Adenuga, Paul Crawford, Aurelie Aubry, Sharon Verner, Sam Strain, Stewart T. G. Burgess
Sheep scab, caused by infestation with the ectoparasitic mite Psoroptes ovis, is an endemic disease in the Northern Ireland (NI) sheep flock and constitutes significant economic and welfare burdens for the NI farming industry. Despite its endemic nature, historically, little research has been undertaken to support the control of the disease in NI. This study offers the first attempt to analyse the
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Comparative Analysis of Ascaris suum and Macracanthorhynchus hirudinaceus Infections in Free-Ranging and Captive Wild Boars (Sus scrofa) in Hungary Animals (IF 3.0) Pub Date : 2024-03-18 Csaba Farkas, Alexandra Juhász, Balázs Fekete, Borisz Egri
Ascaris suum and Macracanthorhynchus hirudinaceus cause a large loss of yield in farm animals as well as in free-living and captive wild boar herds, thereby causing economic damage. This study compared A. suum and M. hirudinaceus infections in free-ranging and captive wild boars (Sus scrofa) in Hungary. The authors measured the A. suum and M. hirudinaceus infections of a 248-hectare wild boar garden
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RNA-Seq Analysis Reveals the Molecular Mechanisms Regulating the Development of Different Adipose Tissues in Broiler Chicks Animals (IF 3.0) Pub Date : 2024-03-14 Shuo Wei, Xincheng Kang, Felix Kwame Amevor, Xiaxia Du, Youhao Wu, Zhengyu Xu, Xueqing Cao, Gang Shu, Xiaoling Zhao
In an effort to enhance growth rates, chicken breeders have undertaken intensive genetic selection. In the selection process, the primary aim is to accelerate growth, inadvertently leading to new chicken breeds having an increased capacity for rapid adipose tissue accumulation. However, little is known about the relationship between changes in gene expression and adipose tissue accumulation and deposition
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Physical Pretreatments of Cassava Chips Influenced Chemical Composition, Physicochemical Properties, and In Vitro Digestibility in Animal Models Animals (IF 3.0) Pub Date : 2024-03-15 Suriyanee Takaeh, Sukanya Poolthajit, Waraporn Hahor, Nutt Nuntapong, Wanwisa Ngampongsai, Karun Thongprajukaew
Physical pretreatment procedures can significantly influence the quality of food and feed raw materials. To increase the ability to be digested in animals, cassava chips were pretreated by four alternative methods (extrusion, microwave irradiation, gamma irradiation, or NaOH hydrolysis), and then the chemical composition, physicochemical properties, and in vitro digestibility of the pretreated samples
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Effects of Methionine Supplementation Levels in Normal or Reduced Protein Diets on the Body Composition and Femur Bone Characteristics of Broilers Challenged with Coccidia Animals (IF 3.0) Pub Date : 2024-03-16 Guanchen Liu, Venkata Sesha Reddy Choppa, Milan Kumar Sharma, Hanseo Ko, Janghan Choi, Woo Kyun Kim
This study investigated the effects of dietary methionine (Met) levels on the bone quality of broilers challenged with coccidia. A total of 600 fourteen-day-old male Cobb500 broilers were gavaged with mixed Eimeria spp. and randomly allocated into 10 treatment groups by a 2 × 5 factorial arrangement. Birds received normal protein diets (NCP) or reduced-protein diets (LCP), containing 2.8, 4.4, 6.0
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Zoo Visitors’ Most-Liked Aspects of Elephant Encounters and Related Perceptions of Animals’ Emotions and Welfare States: A Pragmatic Approach Animals (IF 3.0) Pub Date : 2024-03-17 Angela M. Lacinak
Zoos strive to provide excellent welfare for resident animals, including those belonging to endangered species involved in captive breeding programs while addressing visitors’ concerns regarding the ethics of captivity. Zoos also rely on income and support from visitors to provide exceptional care for their animal residents. It is essential, therefore, that zoos consider how visitors perceive their
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Growth Performance and Immunity of Broilers Fed Sorghum–Soybean Meal Diets Supplemented with Phytases and Β-Mannanases Animals (IF 3.0) Pub Date : 2024-03-17 Nicolás Sastré-Calderón, Gabriela Gómez-Verduzco, Arturo Cortés-Cuevas, Mireya Juárez-Ramírez, José Arce-Menocal, Claudia Cecilia Márquez-Mota, Félix Sánchez-Godoy, Ernesto Ávila-González
Most grains and vegetable feedstuffs used in commercial poultry feed contain phytates and polysaccharides—non-starchy chemical structures that are not degraded by digestive tract enzymes. Exogenous enzymes optimize the use of dietary ingredients. This study aimed to determine whether combining β-mannanases (400 g/ton) and phytases in broiler sorghum–soybean diets could improve performance and immunity
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Effects of Elective Caesarean Sections in Healthy Near-Term Ewes on Subsequent Reproductive Performance Animals (IF 3.0) Pub Date : 2024-03-17 Katja Voigt, Mara Theisges, Yury Zablotski, Frank Weber, Holm Zerbe
Post-surgical reproductive performance following ovine caesarean section has not been well studied. To assess any direct effects of surgical delivery in the absence of confounders such as dystocia or underlying diseases, we studied elective surgery performed in healthy animals for teaching purposes. Four hundred and eleven paired breeding records following vaginal delivery (n = 233), elective caesarean
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Shark Dive and Hologram Zoo: Two Case Studies of Virtual Animal Encounters as Possible Models for Sustainable Wildlife Tourism Animals (IF 3.0) Pub Date : 2024-03-17 Rebecca Scollen, Andrew Mason
Wildlife tourism is commonly argued to positively contribute to nature conservation by providing humans with educational and meaningful first-hand experiences with animals. However, concern for the sustainability of nature due to the negative impacts of wildlife tourism on animals and the environment invites alternative virtual opportunities for close encounters. Participant Observation framed by an
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Dietary Supplementation with Bupleuri Radix Reduces Oxidative Stress Occurring during Growth by Regulating Rumen Microbes and Metabolites Animals (IF 3.0) Pub Date : 2024-03-17 Cheng Pan, Haiyan Li, Fuqiang Wang, Jianping Qin, Yanping Huang, Wangsheng Zhao
Oxidative stress (OS) in ruminants is closely associated with disease; thus, improving antioxidant capacity is an important strategy for maintaining host health. Bupleuri Radix (BR) could significantly improve host health and stress levels. However, the clear antioxidant mechanism of the function of BR remains unknown. In the current study, LC-MS metabolomics combined with 16S rRNA gene sequencing
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Zoofolkloristics: Imagination as a Critical Component Animals (IF 3.0) Pub Date : 2024-03-17 Teya Brooks Pribac, Marjetka Golež Kaučič
Nonhuman animal protagonists of folklore texts in the European space have tended to be perceived primarily as performing a symbolic and metaphoric function. But behind the symbols and the metaphors hide real flesh-and-blood nonhuman animals, and flesh-and-blood humans interacting with them, mostly from a position of power. The emerging discipline of zoofolkloristics considers nonhuman animals in their
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Efficacy and Safety of Lidocam Topical Gel (4% Lidocaine—0.3% Meloxicam) for Pain and Inflammation Management during Castration and Tail Docking in Piglets Animals (IF 3.0) Pub Date : 2024-03-17 Denis Nagel, Brenda Ralston, Andrea Hanson, Les Burwash, Heather Matheson-Bird, Barbara Olson, Crystal Schatz, Merle Olson
(1) Background: It has been well established that castration and tail docking are both painful during and following the procedure, yet there are limited convenient and effective products to address both short-term and long-term pain. Lidocam Topical Gel (LTG) (4% lidocaine and 0.3% meloxicam) was developed to address industry needs for an effective and safe product to address animal welfare concerns
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Training the Concept of Innovate in Dolphins (Tursiops truncatus) Is Both Creative and Cognitively Stimulating Animals (IF 3.0) Pub Date : 2024-03-14 Deirdre B. Yeater, Kathleen M. Dudzinski, Dawn Melzer, Andrew R. Magee, Michaela Robinett, Gonzalo Guerra, Kimberly Salazar, Teri Bolton, Heather Manitzas Hill
Creative or novel behaviors in bottlenose dolphins (Tursiops truncatus) can be indicators of flexible thinking and problem solving. Over 50 years ago, two rough-tooth dolphins demonstrated creative novel behaviors acquired through reinforcement training in human care. Since this novel training, a variety of species have been trained to respond to this conceptual cue. The current study assessed the
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Effect of Different Dilution Methods and Ratios of Ram Semen on Sperm Parameters after Cryopreservation Animals (IF 3.0) Pub Date : 2024-03-15 Liuming Zhang, Xuyang Wang, Caiyu Jiang, Tariq Sohail, Yuxuan Sun, Xiaomei Sun, Jian Wang, Yongjun Li
The dilution method and ratio were tested to assess their effects on the Hu ram semen after cryopreservation. Experiment I aimed to explore the effect of various dilution ratios (1:1, 1:2, 1:3, 1:4) of diluent I (Tris-based and egg yolk) under the condition of 1:1 dilution of diluent II (diluent I and glycerol) on the Hu ram semen preserved in liquid nitrogen regarding spermatozoa motility and kinetic
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Antinociceptive and Cardiorespiratory Effects of a Single Dose of Dexmedetomidine in Laboratory Mice Subjected to Craniotomy under General Anaesthesia with Isoflurane and Carprofen or Meloxicam Animals (IF 3.0) Pub Date : 2024-03-15 Anika R. Schiele, Inken S. Henze, Regula Bettschart-Wolfensberger, Thomas C. Gent
Pain refinement represents an important aspect of animal welfare in laboratory animals. Refining analgesia regimens in mice undergoing craniotomy has been sparsely investigated. Here, we sought to investigate the effect of dexmedetomidine in combination with other analgesic drugs on intraoperative anti-nociceptive effects and cardiorespiratory stability. All mice were anaesthetised with isoflurane
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Pro-Environmental Transformation of the Equine Sector—Facilitators and Challenges Animals (IF 3.0) Pub Date : 2024-03-16 Susanna Hedenborg, Mathilde Kronborg, Anna Sätre, Aage Radmann, Gabriella Torell Palmquist, Petra Andersson
To improve horse welfare and ensure a sustainable equestrian future, we need to understand human behavior in relation to the challenges of the sector. The purpose of this paper is to map and analyze how individuals within the equine sector in Sweden and Norway define the environmental challenges they are faced with and how these are related to questions about horse welfare. A mixed-methods parallel
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Treatment of Three Ferrets Diagnosed with Ferret Systemic Coronaviral Disease Using the Nucleoside Analogue GS-441524 Animals (IF 3.0) Pub Date : 2024-03-16 Julia Puffal, Amanda J. Neece, Federica Scaletti
Ferret Systemic Coronaviral Disease (FSCD) is a systemic disease caused by ferret systemic coronavirus, which is considered lethal in most of the ferrets that are affected by it. To our knowledge, no treatment has been shown to be effective against FSCD in vivo, and most of the ferrets are euthanized or die after the development of clinical disease. GS-441524 has been shown to be effective in successfully
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Integrated Metagenomic and Metabolomic Analysis on Two Competing Mussels, Mytella strigata and Perna viridis, in China Animals (IF 3.0) Pub Date : 2024-03-16 Chenxia Zuo, Peizhen Ma, Xiaojie Ma, Yi Zhu, Shaojing Yan, Zhen Zhang
Biological invasion is a primary direct driver of biodiversity loss. Recently, owing to exploitation competition with an invasive mussel, Mytella strigata (Hanley, 1843), there has been a drastic decrease in the population of native Perna viridis (Linnaeus, 1758) in several western Pacific regions. In the present study, intestinal microbiota, metabolome, and key digestive enzyme activities were compared
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Morphometric and Enzymatic Changes in Gills of Rainbow Trout after Exposure to Elevated Temperature—Indications for Gill Remodeling Animals (IF 3.0) Pub Date : 2024-03-16 Franz Lahnsteiner
Seven-month-old rainbow trout acclimated to 9 °C were used. The fish were gradually adapted to a water temperature of 20 °C over a period of seven days and then exposed to this temperature for 32 days. Changes in gill morphometry and histology and in enzyme activities in comparison to fish kept at 9 °C were investigated. No histopathological abnormalities were discerned at the heightened temperature
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The Effects of Optimal Dietary Vitamin D3 on Growth and Carcass Performance, Tibia Traits, Meat Quality, and Intestinal Morphology of Chinese Yellow-Feathered Broiler Chickens Animals (IF 3.0) Pub Date : 2024-03-16 Junjie Wei, Ling Li, Yunzhi Peng, Junyi Luo, Ting Chen, Qianyun Xi, Yongliang Zhang, Jiajie Sun
This study aimed to assess the effects of different dietary vitamin D3 (VD3) levels on growth and carcass performance, tibia traits, meat quality, and intestinal morphology of yellow-feathered broilers. One-day-old broilers (n = 1440) were assigned into four treatment groups with six replicates per group, and each replicate contained 60 chicks. Dietary VD3 significantly improved the growth performance
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Objective Assessment of Equine Locomotor Symmetry Using an Inertial Sensor System and Artificial Intelligence: A Comparative Study Animals (IF 3.0) Pub Date : 2024-03-16 Natalie Calle-González, Chiara Maria Lo Feudo, Francesco Ferrucci, Francisco Requena, Luca Stucchi, Ana Muñoz
In horses, quantitative assessment of gait parameters, as with the use of inertial measurement units (IMUs) systems, might help in the decision-making process. However, it requires financial investment, is time-consuming, and lacks accuracy if displaced. An innovative artificial intelligence marker-less motion tracking system (AI-MTS) may overcome these limitations in the field. Our aim was to compare
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Infrared Thermography of Teat in French Dairy Alpine Goats: A Promising Tool to Study Animal–Machine Interaction during Milking but Not to Detect Mastitis Animals (IF 3.0) Pub Date : 2024-03-13 Pierre-Guy Marnet, Alejandro B. Velasquez, Alen Dzidic
There is a need to develop tools for mastitis management in goats and to measure the effects of milking machines on teats. Infrared thermography (IRT), as shown in cows, was a good candidate for early mastitis detection and focusing on milking equipment and settings implicated in potential problems. The aim of this study was to test IRT to detect udder inflammation and the effects of mechanical milking
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Bean Sprouts, Lettuce, and Milk as Water Sources in Tenebrio molitor Larval Growth Animals (IF 3.0) Pub Date : 2024-03-14 Seokhyun Lee, Andrew Wange Bugenyi, Hakkyo Lee, Jaeyoung Heo
The Tenebrio molitor larva (yellow mealworm) holds great potential as a sustainable ingredient in food and feed. Optimizing its growth under mass farming requires careful water management. However, the availability and cost of fresh fruit and vegetables, which are the most widely used sources of water, can vary geographically, which calls for the search for relatively affordable, effective, and readily
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Learning Rich Feature Representation and State Change Monitoring for Accurate Animal Target Tracking Animals (IF 3.0) Pub Date : 2024-03-14 Kuan Yin, Jiangfan Feng, Shaokang Dong
Animal tracking is crucial for understanding migration, habitat selection, and behavior patterns. However, challenges in video data acquisition and the unpredictability of animal movements have hindered progress in this field. To address these challenges, we present a novel animal tracking method based on correlation filters. Our approach integrates hand-crafted features, deep features, and temporal
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Exploring Breed-Specific Milk Coagulation in Spanish Dairy Sheep: A Canonical Correlation Approach Animals (IF 3.0) Pub Date : 2024-03-14 Javier Caballero-Villalobos, Ana Garzón, Elena Angón, Ramón Arias, Alessio Cecchinato, Nicolò Amalfitano, José M. Perea
The transformation of milk into cheese largely depends on the technological properties of the raw material, with breed being a crucial factor that influences both the composition and coagulation properties of the milk used for cheesemaking. This study uses canonical correlation analysis to explore the relationships between physicochemical traits and coagulation properties in milk from various Spanish
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Use of a Custom-Made Patellar Groove Replacement in an American Staffordshire Terrier Puppy with a Severe Bone Defect in the Femoral Trochlea Caused by Hematogenous Osteomyelitis Animals (IF 3.0) Pub Date : 2024-03-15 Enrico Panichi, Sara Sassaroli, Giorgio Maria Ciccarese, Valentina Riccio, Caterina Balestriere, Marco Barbaccia, Fulvio Cappellari, Ekaterina Burkhan, Angela Palumbo Piccionello
An 8-month-old male American Staffordshire terrier was referred for a no-weightbearing lameness of the right pelvic limb, hyperthermia, lethargy and inappetence. Two months before, endocarditis was diagnosed and treated in another veterinary hospital. Orthopedic, radiographic and tomographic examinations revealed a bone sequestrum of 4 × 1.4 cm and active periosteal reaction of the caudo-lateral cortical
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Maternal Programming of Nursery Pig Performance and Gut Microbiome through Live Yeast Supplementation Animals (IF 3.0) Pub Date : 2024-03-15 Kayla Law, Lee J. Johnston, Pedro E. Urriola, Andres Gomez
The supplementation of live yeast in pig diets is common in the post-weaning phase due to its prebiotic and probiotic effects, but little is known regarding the potential of feeding live yeast to gestating or lactating sows for transferring such benefits to their offspring through maternal programming. The objective of this study was to investigate the effects of live yeast supplementation in sow diets
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Deep Learning Methods for Tracking the Locomotion of Individual Chickens Animals (IF 3.0) Pub Date : 2024-03-15 Xiao Yang, Ramesh Bahadur Bist, Bidur Paneru, Lilong Chai
Poultry locomotion is an important indicator of animal health, welfare, and productivity. Traditional methodologies such as manual observation or the use of wearable devices encounter significant challenges, including potential stress induction and behavioral alteration in animals. This research introduced an innovative approach that employs an enhanced track anything model (TAM) to track chickens
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Evaluation of Different Thawing Protocols on Iberian Boar Sperm Preserved for 10 Years at Different Liquid Nitrogen Levels Animals (IF 3.0) Pub Date : 2024-03-15 Manuel Álvarez-Rodríguez, Cristina Tomás-Almenar, Helena Nieto-Cristóbal, Eduardo de Mercado
The conservation of genetic resources in pig breeds, notably the Iberian pig, is crucial for genetic improvement and sustainable production. Prolonged storage in liquid nitrogen (LN2) is recognized for preserving genetic diversity, but potential adverse effects on seminal quality remain debated. This study aims to assess the impact of ten years of storage at different LN2 levels and to optimize thawing
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Dietary 25-Hydroxycholecalciferol Supplementation as a Vitamin D3 Substitute Improves Performance, Egg Quality, Blood Indexes, Jejunal Morphology, and Tibia Quality in Late-Phase Laying Hens Animals (IF 3.0) Pub Date : 2024-03-13 Shan Gao, Kai Qiu, Junjie Zheng, Haijun Zhang, Jing Wang, Xiaolong Qi, Shugeng Wu
This study aimed to investigate whether a dietary 25-OHD3 addition improved the performance, egg quality, blood indexes, antioxidant status, jejunal morphology, and tibia quality of aged laying hens compared to a dietary VD3 addition. A total of 270 Hy-Line Brown laying hens at 55 wk of age were randomly assigned to three dietary treatments with six replicates (15 birds per replicate with 3 birds per
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The Characterization of Pastures by Grazing Cycle and Evaluation of Supplementation with Agro-Industry Co-Products on the Performance of Buffaloes in the Humid Tropics Animals (IF 3.0) Pub Date : 2024-03-13 Kelly Cavalcanti Conor de Oliveira, Cristian Faturi, Alexandre Rossetto Garcia, Maria Regina Sarkis Peixoto Joele, Benjamin de Souza Nahúm, Welligton Conceição da Silva, Thomaz Cyro Guimarães de Carvalho Rodrigues, Éder Bruno Rebelo da Silva, José de Brito Lourenço-Júnior
The objective was to characterize the pastures by grazing cycle, as well as to evaluate the performance of buffaloes in intensive rotational grazing in a silvopastoral system in the eastern Amazon supplemented with agro-industry co-products in order to characterize the grazing cycles, the composition of the fractions, and the carcass yield. Fifteen non-castrated, crossbred water buffaloes (Murrah ×
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Analysis of Management Practices and Breeders’ Perceptions of Climate Change’s Impact to Enhance the Resilience of Sheep Production Systems: A Case Study in the Tunisian Semi-Arid Zone Animals (IF 3.0) Pub Date : 2024-03-13 Aziza Mohamed-Brahmi, Mehrez Ameur, Ilyes Mekki, Alicia Tenza-Peral, Masarra Nasraoui, Yathreb Yagoubi, Samir Smeti, Samia Ben Saïd, Naziha Atti, Sandra Lobón, Mokhtar Mahouachi
Global climate change inflicts unambiguous risks on agricultural systems and food security. Small ruminants are known for their ability to adapt to changing environmental conditions. This paper aims to characterize sheep production systems in a vulnerable agricultural zone and the breeders’ perceptions of climate change to apprehend challenges that they are confronting, and formulate resilience actions
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Impact of Body Reserves Dynamic on Productivity and Reproductive Performance in Fat-Tail and Thin-Tail Sheep Breeds over Contrasting Production Cycles Animals (IF 3.0) Pub Date : 2024-03-14 Yathreb Yagoubi, Samir Smeti, Mokhtar Mahouachi, Massara Nasraoui, Samia Ben Saïd, Aziza Mohamed-Brahmi, Naziha Atti
Under climate change, animal breeding faces severe nutritional challenges, exhibiting their resilience and efficiency to survive and produce. The animals’ robustness can be evaluated through the use and reconstitution of body reserves (BR). This study investigated the dynamics of ewes’ BR, measured through body weight (BW) and the body condition score (BCS), and their effect on production performances
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Impact of a Dexmedetomidine Intravenous Infusion in Septic Dogs: Preliminary Study Animals (IF 3.0) Pub Date : 2024-03-14 Chiara Di Franco, Søren Boysen, Iacopo Vannozzi, Angela Briganti
The purpose of this study was to determine if a continuous rate infusion (CRI) of dexmedetomidine decreases vasopressor requirements in septic dogs undergoing surgery. Vital parameters, sequential organ failure assessment (SOFA) score, vasopressor requirement, and 28-day mortality were recorded. Dogs were randomly divided into two groups: a dexmedetomidine (DEX) (1 mcg/kg/h) group and a control group
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Improved Antibody Detection for Canine Leptospirosis: ELISAs Modified Using Local Leptospiral Serovar Isolates from Asymptomatic Dogs Animals (IF 3.0) Pub Date : 2024-03-14 Pannawich Boonciew, Watcharee Saisongkorh, Suppalak Brameld, Matsaya Thongpin, Alongkorn Kurilung, Pratomporn Krangvichian, Waree Niyomtham, Kanitha Patarakul, Thanmaporn Phichitraslip, David J. Hampson, Nuvee Prapasarakul
Leptospirosis is a zoonotic disease of significant concern for human and animal health, with domestic animals, including dogs, acting as reservoirs for human infection. Serology is widely used for leptospirosis diagnosis, even though the standard microscopic agglutination test (MAT) using a panel of serovars lacks specificity and can lead to detection limitations in certain regions. In this study,
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Evaluation of Aberdeen Angus Breeding Bulls in the Northern Region of the Republic of Kazakhstan Animals (IF 3.0) Pub Date : 2024-03-14 Pavel Shevchenko, Jan Miciński, Inna Brel-Kisseleva
In this study, we evaluated the progeny quality of proven bulls of the Aberdeen Angus breed in different selections. Reliable information about the productive qualities of the daughters and cows of proven bulls is limited in Kazakhstan’s scientific literature. We aimed to identify bull-improvers by comparatively evaluating cows of different genotypes in terms of productive qualities. The study was
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Massively Parallel CRISPR-Cas9 Knockout Screening in Sheep Granulosa Cells for FSH Response Genes Animals (IF 3.0) Pub Date : 2024-03-14 Zaixia Liu, Lingli Dai, Tianhao Sun, Yongbin Liu, Yanchun Bao, Mingjuan Gu, Shaoyin Fu, Xiaolong He, Caixia Shi, Yu Wang, Lili Guo, Le Zhou, Fengying Ma, Risu Na, Wenguang Zhang
Follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH) regulates ovarian follicle development through specific gene expression programs. Granulosa cells (GCs) are somatic cells surrounding the oocytes, secreting gonadotropins to regulate ovulation and promote follicular development. By analyzing the effects of different doses of FSH on the proliferation of GCs, we found that adding 10 ng/mL of FSH, as the optimal concentration
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Mitochondrial Variation of Bottlenose Dolphins (Tursiops truncatus) from the Canary Islands Suggests a Key Population for Conservation with High Connectivity within the North-East Atlantic Ocean Animals (IF 3.0) Pub Date : 2024-03-14 Daniel A. Gómez-Lobo, Agustín P. Monteoliva, Antonio Fernandez, Manuel Arbelo, Jesús de la Fuente, Mónica Pérez-Gil, Nuria Varo-Cruz, Antonella Servidio, Enrique Pérez-Gil, Yaisel J. Borrell, Laura Miralles
In recent decades, worldwide cetacean species have been protected, but they are still threatened. The bottlenose dolphin (Tursiops truncatus) is a vulnerable keystone species and a useful bioindicator of the health and balance of marine ecosystems in oceans all over the world. The genetic structure of the species is shaped by their niche specialization (along with other factors), leading to the classification
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Novel Microsatellite Tags Hold Promise for Illuminating the Lost Years in Four Sea Turtle Species Animals (IF 3.0) Pub Date : 2024-03-14 Tony Candela, Jeanette Wyneken, Peter Leijen, Philippe Gaspar, Frederic Vandeperre, Terry Norton, Walter Mustin, Julien Temple-Boyer, Emily Turla, Nicole Barbour, Sean Williamson, Rui Guedes, Gonçalo Graça, Ivan Beltran, Joana Batalha, Andrea Herguedas, Davide Zailo, Vandanaa Baboolal, Francesca Casella, George L. Shillinger
After hatching, sea turtles leave the nest and disperse into the ocean. Many years later, they return to their natal coastlines. The period between their leaving and their returning to natal areas, known as the “Lost Years”, is poorly understood. Satellite tracking studies aimed at studying the “Lost Years” are challenging due to the small size and prolonged dispersal phases of young individuals. Here
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Alternative Approaches to Feeding Small Ruminants and Their Potential Benefits Animals (IF 3.0) Pub Date : 2024-03-14 Sofiane Boudalia, Samir Smeti, Mahilet Dawit, Ewonetu Kebede Senbeta, Yassine Gueroui, Vassilios Dotas, Aissam Bousbia, George K. Symeon
Small ruminants, such as sheep (Ovisaries) and goats (Capra hircus), contribute to approximately 475 million metric tons of carbon dioxide equivalent (MtCO2e) greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions, accounting for approximately 6.5% of the global emissions in the agriculture sector. Crop residues, silage, grasses, hay, browse, plant leaves, shrubs, agro-industrial by-products, poultry litter, and other alternative
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Effects of Sugarcane-Derived Polyphenol Supplementation on Methane Production and Rumen Microbial Diversity of Second-Cross Lambs Animals (IF 3.0) Pub Date : 2024-03-14 Pragna Prathap, Surinder S. Chauhan, Matthew Flavel, Shane Mitchell, Jeremy J. Cottrell, Brian J. Leury, Frank R. Dunshea
The objective of this study was to evaluate the effects of feeding sugarcane-derived polyphenolic supplement (Polygain, The Product Makers Australia, Keysborough, VIC, Australia) on enteric methane (CH4) emission, rumen microbiota, and performance of second-cross lambs. For this purpose, 24 Poll Dorset × (Border Leicester × Merino) lambs were allocated to 3 different treatments: Control (C), 0.25%
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Evaluation of the Impact of Near-Infrared Multiwavelength Locked System Laser Therapy on Skin Microbiome in Atopic Dogs Animals (IF 3.0) Pub Date : 2024-03-14 Sara Muñoz Declara, Aldo D’Alessandro, Agnese Gori, Benedetta Cerasuolo, Sonia Renzi, Michele Berlanda, Eric Zini, Monica Monici, Duccio Cavalieri, Giordana Zanna
Photobiomodulation (PBM) is a newly adopted consensus term to replace the therapeutic application of low-level laser therapy. It has been suggested that PMB influences the microbiome which, in turn, has increasingly been shown to be linked with health and disease. Even though the use of PBM has also grown dramatically in veterinary medicine, there is still a lack of evidence supporting its effect in
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Estimating Mineral Requirements of Wild Herbivores: Modelling Arctic Caribou (Rangifer tarandus granti) in Summer Animals (IF 3.0) Pub Date : 2024-03-12 Keith W. Oster, David D. Gustine, Fred E. Smeins, Perry S. Barboza
Mineral requirements are poorly described for most wildlife. Consequently, the role of forage minerals in movement and productivity are poorly understood for sedentary and migratory ungulates, such as reindeer and caribou (Rangifer tarandus). We applied estimates of maintenance, lactation, body mass change, and antler growth to production curves (body mass, daily intake, and milk yield) for female
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Fetal Programming Influence on Microbiome Diversity and Ruminal and Cecal Epithelium in Beef Cattle Animals (IF 3.0) Pub Date : 2024-03-12 Evandro Fernando Ferreira Dias, Felipe Eguti de Carvalho, Guilherme Henrique Gebim Polizel, Fernando Augusto Correia Queiroz Cançado, Édison Furlan, Arícia Christofaro Fernandes, Fernando José Schalch Júnior, Gianluca Elmi Chagas Santos, José Bento Sterman Ferraz, Miguel Henrique de Almeida Santana
We explored the influence of maternal nutritional strategies on the development of the rumen and cecum in offspring. Additionally, we investigated the potential repercussions of prenatal nutrition on the rumen and fecal microbiota composition, utilizing metagenomic 16S techniques, to understand the effects of fetal programming (FP) in Nellore cattle. A total of 63 bulls submitted to different prenatal
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Dietary Hydroxytyrosol Supplementation on Growth Performance, Gut Morphometry, and Oxidative and Inflammatory Status in LPS-Challenged Broilers Animals (IF 3.0) Pub Date : 2024-03-12 Kelly M. M. Dias, Carlos H. Oliveira, Arele A. Calderano, Horacio S. Rostagno, Kaique M. Gomes, Kevin E. O’Connor, Reeta Davis, Meg Walsh, James Britton, Enrico A. Altieri, Luiz F. T. Albino
This study assessed the effects of hydroxytyrosol (HT) on 8- to 20-day-old broilers challenged with lipopolysaccharide (LPS); 180 Cobb500™ male chicks were randomly assigned to 3 treatment groups, each comprising 10 replicates with 6 birds per replicate. Treatments included a control diet (CON), CON with LPS administration, and CON + LPS supplemented with 10 mg of HT/kg of feed. LPS was administered
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Circadian Corticosterone Profile in Laying Hens (Gallus gallus domesticus) Animals (IF 3.0) Pub Date : 2024-03-12 Theresa Hillebrecht, Rüdiger Korbel, Monika Rinder, Manfred Gahr
Measurement of blood corticosterone concentrations has been established as an indicator for assessment of acute distress. Therefore, knowledge on physiological fluctuations is required, but previous studies allow little conclusion on daily fluctuations in domestic chickens (Gallus gallus domesticus). To verify the presence of a circadian corticosterone rhythm in socialized chickens, blood samples were
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Surgical Excision of an Extratesticular Anaplastic Carcinoma in a Variable Kingsnake (Lampropeltis mexicana) Animals (IF 3.0) Pub Date : 2024-03-13 Viola Zappone, Claudia Rifici, Matteo Marino, Manuel Morici, Giada Giambrone, Filippo Spadola
An adult male variable kingsnake (Lampropeltis mexicana) was presented for examination due to a three-week history of anorexia and obvious body deformities. On objective examination the animal was in poor condition, and on palpation, an intracoelomic mass was noted approximately in the distal third of the body, cranial to the cloaca. In agreement with the owner, an exploratory celiotomy was planned
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Equine Headshaking Syndrome: Triggers, Seasonality, and Treatment Efficacy in Australia Animals (IF 3.0) Pub Date : 2024-03-13 Teagan Bell, Panoraia Kyriazopoulou, Camilla Mowbray, Barbara A. Murphy
Equine headshaking syndrome is a poorly understood neuropathic pain condition presenting as uncontrollable shaking, flicking, or striking of the head. Therapeutic options are limited, and treatments are only partially successful. Currently, epidemiological information on headshaking in the Southern Hemisphere is lacking. An online survey was circulated to Australian owners of headshaking horses to
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Effect of Day Length on Growth and Gonadal Development in Meishan Male Pigs Animals (IF 3.0) Pub Date : 2024-03-13 Naisheng Lu, Hao Yuan, Xueyuan Jiang, Hulong Lei, Wen Yao, Peng Jia, Dong Xia
Day length is a critical environmental factor for regulating animal growth and development. This study aimed to investigate the effects of different day lengths on the developmental changes of growth parameters, testicular sizes, testosterone secretion in Meishan male pigs, and steroidogenesis proteins and melatonin receptors. Fourteen Meishan male pigs (10 weeks (wks) of age) with the same parity
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From Microscale Interactions to Macroscale Patterns in Copepod–Crinoid Symbiosis Animals (IF 3.0) Pub Date : 2024-03-13 Oksana A. Korzhavina, Natalia V. Gubareva, Andrey V. Kitashov, Temir A. Britayev, Viatcheslav N. Ivanenko
Crinoids (Echinodermata) exhibit unique morphological and behavioral characteristics that facilitate a wide range of symbiotic relationships with diverse organisms. Our comprehension of their interactions with microscopic copepod crustaceans is, however, still in a nascent and fragmented state. Here, we review and discuss the 166 literature records to date in which a total of 39 copepod species in
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Owls’ Responses to Environmental Challenges Animals (IF 3.0) Pub Date : 2024-03-13 Tapio Solonen
Owls are a group of predatory birds characterized by their largely nocturnal way of life [...]
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Circoviridae Survey in Captive Non-Human Primates, Italy Animals (IF 3.0) Pub Date : 2024-03-13 Vittorio Sarchese, Federica Di Profio, Andrea Palombieri, Klaus Gunther Friedrich, Serena Robetto, Krisztian Banyai, Fulvio Marsilio, Vito Martella, Barbara Di Martino
Circoviruses (CVs) and cycloviruses (CyVs), members of the family Circoviridae, have been identified only occasionally in non-human primates (NHPs). In this study, we investigated the presence and genetic features of these viruses in 48 NHPs housed in the Bioparco—Rome Zoological Garden (Italy) and in the Anima Natura Wild Sanctuary Semproniano (Grosseto, Italy), testing fecal, saliva, and serum samples
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Early Intensive Neurorehabilitation in Traumatic Peripheral Nerve Injury—State of the Art Animals (IF 3.0) Pub Date : 2024-03-13 Débora Gouveia, Ana Cardoso, Carla Carvalho, Ana Catarina Oliveira, António Almeida, Óscar Gamboa, Bruna Lopes, André Coelho, Rui Alvites, Artur Severo Varejão, Ana Colette Maurício, António Ferreira, Ângela Martins
Traumatic nerve injuries are common lesions that affect several hundred thousand humans, as well as dogs and cats. The assessment of nerve regeneration through animal models may provide information for translational research and future therapeutic options that can be applied mutually in veterinary and human medicine, from a One Health perspective. This review offers a hands-on vision of the non-invasive
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Preliminary Study on Microplastic Contamination in Black Sea Cetaceans: Gastrointestinal Analysis of Phocoena phocoena relicta and Tursiops truncatus ponticus Animals (IF 3.0) Pub Date : 2024-03-13 Adrian Filimon, Andreea-Mădălina Ciucă, George-Emanuel Harcotă, Elena Stoica
Plastic pollution is a global concern that has a significant impact on marine life. Plastic is widely used and has become a pervasive pollutant in marine environments. Plastic contamination has been documented both in marine environments and biota. Plastic contamination in cetacean gastro-intestinal tract (GIT) content has received limited attention, especially in the Black Sea. This study aims to
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Physiological Effect of Gentle Stroking in Lambs Animals (IF 3.0) Pub Date : 2024-03-13 Kamila Janicka, Patrycja Masier, Paulina Nazar, Patrycja Staniszewska, Grzegorz Zięba, Aneta Strachecka, Iwona Rozempolska-Rucińska
The aim of the study was to determine changes in physiological indicators in lambs subjected to gentle stroking. The study included 40 three-week-old lambs (20 females of the synthetic prolific-meat (BCP) line and 20 females of the Świniarka (SW) breed). The animals were assigned to two control groups (n = 20) and two experimental groups (n = 20). Lambs from the experimental groups received treatment
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Seroprevalence Assessment and Risk Factor Analysis of Toxoplasma gondii Infection in Goats from Northeastern Algeria Animals (IF 3.0) Pub Date : 2024-03-13 Abdeldjalil Dahmane, Daniela Almeida, Nassiba Reghaissia, Djamel Baroudi, Houssem Samari, Amine Abdelli, AbdElkarim Laatamna, João R. Mesquita
T. gondii is the causal agent of toxoplasmosis, a worldwide zoonotic disease relevant in human and veterinary medicine. In Algeria, few reports focused on the presence and circulation of this parasite in the local goat population. The aim of the survey was to evaluate toxoplasmosis seroprevalence and associated risk factors. Sera from 460 goats reared on 72 farms in northeastern Algeria were collected
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Influence of Different Plant Extracts on CYP-Mediated Skatole and Indole Degradation in Pigs Animals (IF 3.0) Pub Date : 2024-03-13 Philipp Marro, Raffael Wesoly, Volker Stefanski
One of the primary substances responsible for the unpleasant odor in boar meat is skatole. Enzymes belonging to the cytochrome P450 (CYP) family play a pivotal role in the hepatic clearance of skatole. This study aimed to investigate the impact of oregano essential oil (OEO), Schisandra chinensis extract (SC), and garlic essential oil (GEO) on hepatic CYP2E1 and CYP2A activity in pigs. In three consecutive
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Nutrient Composition and Feed Hygiene of Alfalfa, Comparison of Feed Intake and Selected Metabolic Parameters in Horses Fed Alfalfa Haylage, Alfalfa Hay or Meadow Hay Animals (IF 3.0) Pub Date : 2024-03-13 Marlene Köninger, Astrid von Velsen-Zerweck, Carolin Eiberger, Christof Löffler, Anja Töpper, Christian Visscher, Bernd Reckels, Ingrid Vervuert
The aim of this study was to examine the nutrient composition and feed hygiene of alfalfa as well as investigate the feed intake, blood, urine and faecal parameters of horses fed alfalfa haylage (AS) compared with alfalfa hay (AH) and meadow hay (MH). A total of 11 geldings were fed ad libitum (2.1% dry matter (DM) of body weight (BW)) with alfalfa haylage, alfalfa hay and meadow hay (MH) in a Latin