Corn, Zea mays L. (Cyperales: Poaceae), production is essential to Iowa’s economy and provides food, feed, and fuel beyond the state. Farmers face a number of challenges in corn production, including insect pests, and understanding farmers’ perceptions and concerns is critical for extension personnel to provide adequate and relevant programming. The Iowa State University Agriculture and Natural Resources

Eriophyid mites (Acari: Eriophyidae) are challenging to manage in turfgrass because their small size hinders visual detection, and conventional management approaches are not consistently effective. They induce growth distortions, which lead to poor stolon and root development and eventual plant death. Aceria cynodoniensis Sayed and Aceria slykhuisi Hall live beneath leaf sheaths, and cause crowded

Correction of “Biology, Ecology, and Management of Hemipteran Pests in Almond Orchards in the United States. J. Integr. Pest Manag.”

AbstractAlmond, Prunus dulcis (Miller) D. A. Webb, is an important tree nut crop cultivated primarily in the Mediterranean climatic regions. However, the United States, specifically the state of California, is the largest producer and exporter of almond nuts in the world. At least 60 species of insect pests attack almonds worldwide. Hemipterans can be important pests in almond orchards. Some hemipteran

AbstractThe fall cankerworm, Alsophila pometaria (Harris), is a species endemic to North America that feeds on broadleaf trees and shrubs. Fall cankerworm is a generalist folivore and larvae feed on a wide range of deciduous trees and smaller woody plants. Common hosts include oak, maple, cherry, ash, apple, beech, and birch. This pest is prone to repeated outbreaks over large areas, can cause extensive

Early, strategic IPM actions can eradicate relatively new invasive conehead termite [Nasutitermes corniger (Motschulsky) (Blattodea: Isoptera: Termitidae)] populations, preventing negative economic and ecological consequences should this pest of agriculture, structures, and natural areas become permanently established and spread. Conspicuous foraging tunnels and above-ground nests are key aspects of

AbstractAgriculture is the second most important industry in Florida having a market value of over $7.35 billion. In the United States, only 1.3% of the population works in agriculture and the average age of a farmer is 57.5 yr old, which supports a need for youth to pursue careers in agricultural fields. Despite the importance of this industry, there is a growing disconnect between the public and

AbstractThe rice stink bug, Oebalus pugnax (Fabricius), is the most important late-season insect pest of rice in the southern United States. Nymphs and adults feed on rice grains, resulting in losses in yield and grain quality. Aspects of the biology, ecology, life history, and chemical ecology have been investigated in southern rice producing states but several outstanding questions remain. Standard

AbstractChaetocnema minuta Melsh., a Nearctic flea beetle, has been recently isolated from damaged perennial ryegrass (Lolium perenne L. var. Palmer/Prelude) and hybrid bermudagrass (Cynodon dactylon L. Pers. × Cynodon transvaalensis Burtt Davy var. Midiron) in southern Utah and Nevada, respectively. Though previous surveys have found this insect associated with grasses, this short communication is

In this case study, we investigate the efficacy and economics of using two natural enemies in an integrated pest management (IPM) program to manage sweetpotato whitefly, Bemisia tabaci (Gennadius) (Hemiptera: Aleyrodidae), in commercial poinsettia (Euphorbia pulcherrima Willd. ex Klotzsch) production. Two similar greenhouses at each of three different grower locations were designated as either the

Systena frontalis (F.) (Coleoptera: Chrysomelidae) is an important pest in ornamental plant nurseries in the United States. Information on current pest status and management practices employed by nurseries, garden centers, and landscape care operations are crucial to developing an effective research and extension program for ornamental crops. An online survey was developed and administered by the research

When introduced to novel habitats, invasive alien plant pests have the potential to reduce fitness or cause aesthetic damage to naïve plant hosts, or to cause widespread mortality in both native and cultivated plant populations. Once established, the cost of mitigation, eradication, and damage and losses from invasive alien plant pests often exceeds the cost of preventing introductions from occurring

The boll weevil [BW; Anthonomus grandis grandis Boheman (Coleoptera: Curculionidae)] is the main pest in the cotton-producing regions throughout the Americas from Southern Texas to Argentina. In the Colombian Caribbean, frequent population outbreaks have resulted in cotton planting bans in some localities and in massive applications of insecticides elsewhere (up to 15 insecticide sprays per cotton

AbstractThe General Beale Pilot Project serves as a case study for the use of areawide monitoring and treatment programs for glassy-winged sharpshooter (GWSS), Homalodisca vitripennis (Germar), and monitoring and roguing programs for grapevines infected with Xylella fastidiosa, to achieve regional management of Pierce’s disease. The Project is located in southeast Kern County, CA, and contains ~2,800

Soybean is an established crop with a high production value in the United States. The insects that utilize soybean as a food source have changed drastically over the last 20 yr. Much of the extension literature summarizing pest species distribution and abundance is out of date. This article provides profiles for five common soybean caterpillars, including description, life cycle, and injury to plants

The distribution of lepidopteran pests in soybean (Glycine max (L.) Merr.) is a current knowledge gap limiting accurate prioritization of Integrated Pest Management (IPM) research. Regional characterizations of lepidopteran distribution in soybean are now more than 25 yr old. The goal of this study was to generate a contemporary assessment of the distribution and population persistence of lepidopteran

Beneficial insect conservation in agriculture is often studied in the context of integrated pest management (IPM). For instance, vegetative field edges provide habitat and changing the timing of insecticidal sprays decreases risk for pollinators and natural enemies of insect pests. However, the attitudes and confidence of U.S. growers towards IPM implementation in traditional row crops remain understudied

AbstractThe Asian longhorned beetle [Anoplophora glabripennis (Motschulsky), ALB] was found in Hollywood, SC, in May 2020. This infestation is at least 7-yr old and represents the southernmost infestation in North America. A federally regulated invasive forest and tree pest, ALB primarily attacks maples but is known to attack and reproduce in trees in at least 12 different genera. Damage observed in

AbstractThe soybean gall midge (Resseliella maxima Gagné) was recently identified as a new species causing injury to soybean in the Midwestern United States. Although this insect was only recently identified, it has likely been present in soybean fields for at least the last 8 yr based on anecdotal reports. The soybean gall midge has historically been observed late in the season on soybean plants that

AbstractIt has been over five years since the first report of an outbreak of the fall armyworm, Spodoptera frugiperda (J.E. Smith) (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae) in Africa. The highly invasive pest, native to the Americas, has since spread across the African continent attacking many crops and causing significant yield loss to Africa’s staple crop, maize. From the onset of the outbreak, there have been massive

AbstractEconomic thresholds (ETs) are a foundational principle of integrated pest management but are not always widely accepted by farmers and agricultural professionals. This article reports on a survey of Minnesota farmer and agricultural professional perceptions of the ET for soybean aphid, Aphis glycines Matsumura (Hempitera: Aphididae). We discuss insights for Extension programs on how to frame

The Editor-in-Chief and the Subject Editors of the Journal of Integrated Pest Management thank the following scientists for their voluntary commitment of valuable professional time and expertise to peer reviewing manuscripts submitted for publication in our journal. The quality and scientific stature of the journal depends on the conscientious efforts of these individuals.

AbstractNative to Europe and Central Asia, face flies (Musca autumnalis De Geer, Diptera: Muscidae) were unintentionally introduced into North America and became pests of pastured beef cattle, dairy cattle, and horses. Female and male flies use their sponging proboscis with prestomal teeth to feed around moist, mucus membranes of an animal’s face and other body parts. While feeding, face flies agitate

AbstractSorghum, Sorghum bicolor L. Moench (Poaceae), is a highly valued crop cultivated worldwide, with the grain and stover being of equal importance in some developing countries. Sorghum can produce high yields even under adverse environmental conditions, however, damage from insect pests at various stages of the plant’s development can reduce its productivity, impacting low-income farmers in developing

AbstractThe striped cucumber beetle [StCB; Acalymma vittatum (F.) (Coleoptera: Chrysomelidae)] and the western striped cucumber beetle [WStCB; Acalymma trivittatum (Mannerheim)] are closely related species of herbivores endemic to North America that specialize on Cucurbitaceae plants. StCB and WStCB are key pests of cucurbit crops that can reduce quantity and quality of yield or even kill plants, especially

AbstractThe sweetpotato whitefly, Bemisia tabaci Gennadius (Hemiptera: Aleyrodidae), is a broadly invasive pest of great economic significance to agricultural and horticultural systems in the world. Bemisia tabaci contains more than 44 cryptic species, among which B. tabaci Middle East Asia Minor 1 (MEAM1) and Mediterranean (MED) are the most invasive and destructive, and have spread to many countries

AbstractSince its introduction and establishment in Brazil in 2013 and subsequent spread through most of Latin America, the Old World bollworm, Helicoverpa armigera (Hübner), has become an economically important pest of soybean, cotton, and other crops. Because this pest can migrate long distances aided by wind currents, it is expected to arrive and establish in the United States. There were reports

AbstractThe pepper weevil (Anthonomus eugenii Cano) is a destructive insect pest of field and greenhouse pepper crops across North America. Its management remains challenging with significant implications for pepper production, despite a documented presence in Central America, Mexico, the United States, and the Caribbean for approximately a century, and recently in Canada. Currently, the main tools

Navel orangeworm, Amyelois transitella (Walker), is a primary pest of almonds, pistachios, and walnuts in California. These specialty tree nut crops are widely planted across the state and account for a significant share of total agricultural revenue, with 1.7 million combined acres generating a total farm-gate value of $8.9 billion. Larvae of A. transitella cause direct damage to the nut, burrowing

Gloomy scale, Melanaspis tenebricosa (Comstock), is native to the eastern United States and feeds on deciduous trees. In natural areas, it is a background herbivore that typically remains at low densities. Gloomy scale generally responds positively to warming with greater egg production, size, survival, and abundance. In urban areas, which are warmer than surrounding natural areas, gloomy scale is

The Asian longhorned tick (ALT), Haemaphysalis longicornis Neumann (Acari: Ixodidae), is a three-host tick that was first detected outside of United States Department of Agriculture (USDA) quarantine in Hunterdon County, New Jersey, in 2017 and subsequently found in another 14 states. In its native Asia, and where it has become established in Australia and New Zealand, ALTs feed on a variety of hosts

Spodoptera frugiperda was considered an insect pest only in the Americas until its first report in African countries in 2016. In this study, farmers and agricultural officials in Ghana were interviewed on their perceptions and knowledge of the pest, on infestation and maize yield variations across years, and on management practices. Farms were inspected to determine the infestation level of 100 plants

Individual residents in the United States increasingly practice do-it-yourself pest management in their lawns and gardens. This self-managed pest control is frequently characterized by unnecessary and sometimes indiscriminate applications of pesticide that are often ineffective and environmentally damaging. Given residential consumers account for most of the world’s pesticide expenditures, the need

Soybean (Glycine max L.) is a major crop grown in the United States but is susceptible to many diseases that cause significant yield losses each year. Consistent threats exist across both northern and southern production regions and include the soybean cyst nematode, charcoal rot, and seedling diseases. In contrast, significant soybean diseases like Phytophthora stem and root rot, sudden death syndrome

A hypothetical scenario of mixed populations of Busseola fusca (Fuller) (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae), Chilo partellus (Swinhoe) (Lepidoptera: Crambidae), and Spodoptera frugiperda (J.E. Smith) (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae) was used as a model to investigate the potential effects of mixed populations of lepidopteran pests, on the design and implementation of insect resistance management (IRM) strategies for

Rice root aphid, Rhopalosiphum rufiabdominale (Sasaki), is a cosmopolitan species widespread in North America. Most records of this insect are of its association with roots of grasses and sedges, but known hosts also include numerous broadleaved plants both grown outdoors and in greenhouses. Indoor grown Cannabis sativa L., particularly when intensively grown for marijuana production, has also emerged

Tar spot on corn, caused by the fungus (Phyllachora maydis Maubl. [Phyllachorales: Phyllachoraceae]), is an emerging disease in the United States. In 2018 and 2019, significant but localized epidemics of tar spot occurred across the major corn producing region of the Midwest. After being first detected in 2015, tar spot was detected in 135 and 139 counties where the disease was not previously detected

Deer farming is a growing livestock industry. As with established livestock farming, biting arthropod pest control is a challenge, but knowledge about pest control practices being utilized by deer farmers is limited. To fill this knowledge gap and to assess if recommended integrated pest management (IPM) programs were being used, we surveyed Florida deer farmers about their pest management programs

Iowa State University’s (ISU) Integrated Pest Management (IPM) program partnered with the ISU College of Design (COD) to use Design Thinking and other practical design methodologies and theories to identify and develop approaches to address IPM extension and communication issues. ISU IPM met with agriculture industry, program colleagues, and ISU COD faculty to discuss IPM-related needs in agriculture

The rednecked peanutworm, Stegasta bosqueella (Chambers), is the main lepidopteran pest in South and Central American peanut fields. The species name was misspelled earlier in the literature and the incorrect name is still more cited. In this review, we revisit the history of S. bosqueella classification. Although the rednecked peanutworm is an important defoliator in some peanut producing countries

Pest and disease risk factors causing maize yield and kernel quality issues in subtropical areas of North America (between 35°N and 23.5°N latitude) are reviewed: preharvest Aspergillus flavus (Link) (Deuteromycetes: Moniliales) infection and propagation in maize ears and ear injury principally caused by Helicoverpa zea (Boddie) and Spodoptera frugiperda (J. E. Smith) (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae). Risk

Worldwide, introduced pest species create significant challenges to native biodiversity and individual health. New Zealand has an extensive history of attempting to protect biodiversity from introduced pests such as the Brushtail possum (Trichosurus vulpecula [Diprotodontia: Phalangeridae]). Success has been achieved on a small scale, but the transition to the whole country management poses new issues

Nipeacoccus viridis (Newstead), is an invasive, polyphagous mealybug pest recently found causing damage in citrus production fields in several counties in Florida, United States. In this short communication, we document the finding of this pest, its associated damage in citrus groves, and provide basic diagnostic and scouting information. Nipaecoccus viridis is a pest of concern, necessitating the

Eastern grape leafhopper, Erythroneura comes (Say), is a key pest of grapes (Vitales: Vitaceae) in the central and northeastern United States and eastern Canada. This native insect uses its piercing-sucking mouthparts to puncture the mesophyll cells of leaves and suck out the contents, thereby reducing the quality and quantity of fruit. Eastern grape leafhopper has been reported as a vineyard pest

The western bean cutworm, Striacosta albicosta (Smith) is a native North American pest of corn and dry beans. The historical geographic range of the western bean cutworm covered the western Great Plains states including Colorado, Nebraska, and Wyoming. Since 1999, the geographic range of the western bean cutworm has rapidly expanded eastward across the U.S. Corn Belt and eastern Canada, causing significant

While pest management decisions are made at the farm level, a distinctive characteristic of the pest management of invasive species is its public-good nature. Here, we examine the challenges that a vector-disease pathosystem such as Diaphorina citri Kuwayama (Hemiptera: Liviidae)—citrus greening, creates for the adoption of prevention and collective management practices from an economic perspective

The Editor-in-Chief and the Subject Editors of the Journal of Integrated Pest Management thank the following scientists for their voluntary commitment of valuable professional time and expertise to peer reviewing manuscripts submitted for publication in our journal. The quality and scientific stature of the journal depends on the conscientious efforts of these individuals.

Some bird species often benefit farmers by suppressing invertebrate crop pests, yet birds are rarely considered in integrated pest management (IPM) strategies. This is likely because some bird species pose risks to farmers through crop damage, intraguild predation, and food safety concerns. Nonetheless, the benefits of some bird species on crop production are often substantial. Therefore, understanding

We provide a case study where Integrated Pest Management (IPM) for rice production systems has been introduced to the Greater Mekong Subregion (GMS). Funded by the European Union (EU), this IPM initiative brought together local and international partners to develop an environmentally friendly and economically sustainable rice pest management strategy for southwestern China, Laos, and Myanmar. A key

This work is based upon work supported by the Virginia Agriculture Experiment Station, and the National Institute of Flood and Agriculture, U.S. Department of Agriculture (VA-160100). Open access funds were provided by Virginia Tech Open Access Subvention Fund.

USDA NIFAUnited States Department of Agriculture (USDA) [SCRI 2011-51181-30937, SCRI 2016-51181-25409]; Northeast SARE Grant [LNE14-334]; USDA-ARS Project [808021000-024-00-D]; Florida Department of Agriculture and Consumer Services-Division of Plant Industry

Integrated pest management (IPM) is a way of managing agricultural pests using ecological principles and with minimum damage to the environment and human health. In developing countries, numerous IPM programs have been developed with the intent of increasing yields, reducing costs, and minimizing adverse impacts of pest management. Despite its promise and many millions of dollars being spent on training

This paper describes the current state of pests and diseases of longan (Dimocarpus longan Lour.) and their management in Vietnam. Longan is the third most cultivated fruit crop and second major fruit crop exported from Vietnam. Brief descriptions of arthropod pests Eriophyes dimocarpi Kuang (Acari: Eriophyidae), Conogethes punctiferalis Guenée (Lepidoptera: Crambidae), Conopomorpha sinensis Bradley

The wheat bug, Nysius huttoni White, mainly reported as a pest of wheat and forage brassicas, is native to New Zealand. This pest has been accidentally introduced into The Netherland and Belgium during apple exports from New Zealand. The bug population is abundant in open sparse vegetations and hot-dry habitats, and feeds on dropping seeds. It damages wheat grains during milk-ripe stage by piercing

Hemlock woolly adelgid (HWA), Adelges tsugae Annand, is a highly destructive non-native pest lethal to eastern hemlock, Tsuga canadensis (L.) Carrière, and Carolina hemlock, T. caroliniana Engelmann. Fifty years following the first observation of HWA in eastern North America, a predatory beetle, Laricobius nigrinus Fender, was evaluated, approved, and released as a biological control agent. Efforts

In the Sahelian region of West Africa, pearl millet, which is a major subsistence food crop supporting families’ livelihoods, is regularly attacked by the millet head miner/spike worm, Heliocheilus (=Raghuva) albipunctella de Joannis (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae). The pest infestation levels, damage ratings, and yield losses vary within and among countries because of differences in millet cultivars, the

African fig fly, Zaprionus indianus Gupta (Diptera: Drosophilidae), is originally from the Afrotropics but has been expanding its geographical range globally, including the United States. It was first reported in Virginia northward in 2012. The current established range of African species is thought to be limited to the southern states in winter, and populations must disperse northward each season

Hemp (Cannabis sativa L.) is now being grown within the United States over a much broader geographic area and for different uses than during its last period of significant production that ended after World War II. Within the past 3 yr, a large number of arthropod species have been documented to feed on hemp in the United States. Among key pest species, corn earworm, Helicoverpa zea (Boddie) (Lepidoptera:

Program evaluation is an important part of any extension program and is often a required component by funding agencies. Given declining resources in land-grant universities, we must be creative in evaluating the learning and adoption of our research-based recommendations. I used a survey tool to give immediate feedback to participants in a wide variety of situations. Results indicate adults were receptive

The invasive species Phytomyza gymnostoma (Loew) (Diptera: Agromyzidae), also know as the Allium Leafminer, is reported from the United States for the first time. The first specimens were collected in Lancaster County, PA, USA in December 2015. An additional 19 counties in Pennsylvania and two states were confirmed in 2016. The species’ North American distribution, pest implications, and observations