This research investigates three types of land disputes using a survey of 1050 household from 14 districts spanning across all 7 administrative division of Bangladesh. Moreover, not only we undertake a descriptive evaluation of the survey to understand the severity of land disputes within our sample, we empirically explore the role of land and household factors to understand what makes some land parcels

Histidine plays an important role in haemoglobin synthesis, antioxidant defence system and stress resistance, and it is thought to be a limiting amino acid in most meagre diets. In this study, two different diets, a control and a diet supplemented with 3% histidine, were tested in 60‐day‐old meagre (initial weight—6.2 g) for 82 days. Survival varied between 92% and 94%, and neither SGR nor whole fish

Abstract Infants and young children commonly consume apple-based products, which may contain high concentrations of inorganic arsenic (iAs). As yet, iAs exposure from ingesting apple products has not been well characterized in early childhood. Therefore, we investigated the association between urinary arsenic concentrations and intake of apple products in 1-year-old infants participating in the New

Abstract Many problems we face today, including sustainability issues, are complex and encompass intertwined systems. As such, they are difficult to understand and define due to the pluralism of values within society, which also makes it hard to reach agreement on these issues. Technocratic solutions then may be perceived as improper by stakeholders, detaching citizens from urgent issues. Inter- and

Abstract Community-based projects with inclusive stakeholder engagement are increasingly important to achieve robust outcomes in the science and management of ‘wicked’ urban ecosystem service challenges. We summarize lessons learned from a transdisciplinary, team-based doctoral education program that engaged students in research on such multi-stakeholder, complex problems. The key lessons are (a) problem-based

Abstract Sustainability science is an emerging, free-standing scientific discipline. It has introduced a new approach to both sustainability research and educational programmes, while evoking novel perspectives to stronger societal contextualization. Among several other areas of sustainability research, competencies for sustainability have become a focal topic of sustainability education research.

Abstract With the growth of data, data-intensive approaches for sustainability are becoming widespread and have been endorsed by various stakeholders. To understand their implications, in this paper, data-intensive approaches for sustainability will be explored by conducting an extensive review. The current data-intensive approaches are defined as an amalgamation of traditional data-collection methods

Abstract Climate change is projected to have large impacts on natural capital and ecosystem services under scenarios of the IPCC. In the summer of 2016, elevated seawater temperatures triggered mass coral bleaching in Sekisei Lagoon, southern Japan. Based on data from field surveys and relevant websites, we mapped potential stocks of four major ecosystem services (fisheries production, aquarium fish

Abstract This paper explores the role of metaphor in cognition, outlining how the machine metaphor came to dominate and the problematic assumptions for culture/nature relationships and the consequences for the environment that underpin this metaphor. It then argues that the machine metaphor needs to be complemented by an animistic metaphor, which embodies and underpins indigenous relationships to nature

Abstract Shared socio-economic pathways (SSPs) are alternative global development scenarios focused on the mitigation of and adaptation to climate change. However, global SSPs would need revised versions for regional or local assessment, which is the so-called extended version, because global narratives may lack region-specific important drivers, national policy perspectives, and unification of data

Abstract The three pillars of sustainability framework is an applied and solutions oriented approach to sustainable development, which at the broadest and most important scale supports the creation of new economic and political institutions that embed (from start to finish) the key inputs, stakeholders, and incentive structures necessary for sustainability planning and projects to be feasible and successful

Abstract The effective and appropriate bridging of Western science with traditional or Indigenous knowledge is an ongoing discussion in the literature and in practice. The discourse transitioned from separate knowledge system to knowledge integration and most recently to knowledge co-production. We argue it is the moral and ethical responsibility of Western scientists working in and with Indigenous

Abstract Sustainability is a complex challenge that social marketing can assist in achieving. However, with its multidimensional composition and immense depth, the language of sustainability could be misinterpreted and misguide interventions. Examining macro-level literature and reliable yet different sources for information is key to developing effective social marketing programmes. In search of overlapping

Abstract The Anthropocene presents a set of interlinked sustainability challenges for humanity. The United Nations 2030 Agenda has identified 17 specific Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) as a way to confront these challenges. However, local initiatives have long been addressing issues connected to these goals in a myriad of diverse and innovative ways. We present a new approach to assess how local

Abstract This paper argues that what we do to conserve biodiversity depends on how we know biodiversity. The former Chair of the Intergovernmental Science-Policy Platform on Biodiversity and Ecosystem Services (IPBES) is concerned that national policymakers may not take the findings of this global assessment (GA) seriously because of ‘squabbling scientists.’ The paper explores the contentious issues

Abstract The social relations and biophysical flows that link water, food, and energy systems are said to form a ‘nexus’. Efforts to steer or otherwise exert influence on decisions that impact upon these nexus links, including to ignore them, take place at multiple levels, vary in complexity, and have implications for who benefits and who is burdened by those relations and flows. This paper examines

Abstract The United Nations’ Sustainable Development Goals (SDG) includes specific targets addressing factors of importance to reduced gender inequality and promotes gender development. The UN Development Programme (UNDP) has reported on gender inequality and gender development indexes based on available data relating to specific SDGs, the indexes being calculated through an elaborate aggregation process

Abstract Decision-making barriers challenge port administrators to adapt and build resilience to natural hazards. Heavy rains, storms, sea level rise (SLR), and extreme heat can damage the critical coastal infrastructure upon which coastal communities depend. There is limited understanding of what impedes port decision makers from investing resources in climate and extreme weather adaptations. Through

Abstract Previous studies have demonstrated the role of nature connectedness in promoting human well-being. However, recent studies put emphasis on understanding the underlying mechanism that drives the association between nature connectedness and well-being, mainly mental health. Place attachment is one of the place-based socio-psychological concepts that is believed to explain this association. Analysis

Abstract The paper introduces a heuristic framework for conducting joint problem framing (JPF) processes in transdisciplinary research (TD). JPF is an essential element in confronting real-world problems, especially in the realm of sustainability (Hirsch Hadorn et al. in Ecol Econ 60(1):119–128, 2006; Pohl and Hirsch Hadorn in Principles for designing transdisciplinary research, Oekomm, München, 2007;

Abstract Purpose Despite recommendations, uncertainty results are rarely incorporated in Life Cycle Assessment (LCA) studies, especially regarding characterization factors (CF). Part 1 of this study conducted AWARE CF regionalization for Brazil, concluding that the Semiarid region had maximum scarcity values. The goal of this study is to evaluate the uncertainties of regionalized AWARE CF in the Semiarid

Robotic milking systems (RMS) have been demonstrated to reduce on-farm labour requirements and collect significant individual-level data in relation to animal health, welfare and production, but they are still largely underutilised. Studies on the relationship between heat stress, animal behaviour and robotic milking performance in a RMS are still insufficient. To model such a relationship, this study

The bacterial disease salmonid rickettsial septicaemia (SRS) has caused substantial economic losses in the salmonid aquaculture industry, particularly in Chile. Increasing understanding of the epidemiology of this disease is important for improving the productivity and sustainability of the industry: by identifying important influences on disease occurrence, interventions can be identified and optimised

Parasitic infestations are frequently reported in brackishwater fish. Hence, prevention and control strategy is paramount for successful brackishwater aquaculture. Emamectin benzoate (EMB) is found to be an effective in-feed treatment for controlling several ecto-parasites in fish. The objective of this study was to understand the biosafety, withdrawal and efficacy of EMB for use in brackishwater reared

Florfenicol (FLO) is the most commonly used antibiotic in aquaculture for various fish bacterial disease treatments. To ensure that low amounts of residue occur in cultured aquatic products, it is important to study the depletion of antibiotics in the process of aquaculture. Recirculating aquaculture system (RAS) is a promising aquaculture model with high water utilization that could effectively reduce

Most hatcheries use live microalgae and algae powder for artificial rearing; however, the effects of these different diets on the rearing process and bacterial communities is not clear. In order to investigate the effects of live algae and algal powder on the larval culture of Penaeus monodon. Two kinds of live algae (Chaetoceros muelleri, Thalassiosira weissflogii) and Spirulina powder were used to

Dissolved oxygen (DO) content is crucial for the development and health of aquatic animals. DO content is closely related to the antioxidant response of aquatic animals, while the interplay between DO content and the gut microbiota of aquatic animals is unclear. Thus, the objective of this study was to compare the changes in gut microbiota in Bostrichthys sinensis under normoxic (CT group) and hypoxic

The n-3 LC-PUFAs requirement was evaluated for Totoaba macdonaldi. Four isonitrogenous and isolipidic diets were formulated to contain increasing levels of n-3 LC-PUFAs (0.4%, 0.8%, 1.0%, and 1.4% of the dry diet) and fed to juvenile totoaba (1.5 g initial body weight and 47 mm initial total length) for 56 days. Growth, survival, fish whole body proximate composition, fatty acid profile, feed utilization

In an eight-week feeding trial, encapsulated sodium butyrate (ESB), gamma-aminobutyric acid (GAB), selenium-yeast (SeY), yeast extract nucleotides (YEN), yucca meal (YUM), song-gang stone (SGS) and protease (PRT) were evaluated as functional feed additives in a low fishmeal (FM) diet for olive flounder Paralichthys olivaceus. Eight experimental diets were fed to 5.26 ± 0.17 g (mean ± SD) juvenile olive

As a commercial carnassial fish, largemouth bass (Micropterus salmoides) consumes a large amount of forage fish as food annually. To reduce the use of forage fish, a formulated diet was utilized in a largemouth bass culture. Although they have been improved upon for 10 years, formulated diets still cannot meet the nutritional needs of largemouth bass. The formulated diet and forage fish were separately

The coffee industry stands out worldwide due to its socioeconomic importance, acting directly or indirectly in the most diverse sectors. With this, new technologies and several harvester models have emerged. These harvesters have regulations that can influence the efficiency of harvesting, the selectivity of fruits and the preservation of the crop. In this way, the understanding of the behavior of

Urban rail transit (URT) is shown to mitigate numerous contemporary urban problems (e.g., traffic congestion and environmental degradation). To reap such gains, many Chinese cities have actively constructed URT and/or have been on their way of doing so. However, those URT projects often encumber local governments with debt. Value capture schemes can be used to finance URT development. To implement

Crop biomass (Bio) is one of the most important parameters of a crop, and knowledge of it before harvest is essential to help farmers in their decision making. Both green and dry Bio can be estimated from vegetation spectral indices (VIs) because they have a close relationship with accumulated absorbed photosynthetically active radiation (APAR), which is proportional to total Bio. The aims of this

A significant decline has been experienced in the quality of life of people living in cities due to the deterioration of the ecological balance, decrease in biodiversity, together with air, noise and water pollution occurring as a result of population growth and urbanization. All of these factors have triggered global warming, which is one of the biggest problems in recent years. For this reason, the

As their sales of projects in Africa increase at a high annual growth rate, Chinese contractors are encountering new challenges regarding wildlife protection during project construction. Using the Mombasa-Nairobi Standard Gauge Railway project constructed by the China Road and Bridge Corporation (CRBC) as a case study, we researched how the CRBC involves itself in wildlife protection throughout the

Abstract The biological effects of endocrine-active compounds and increasing water temperatures as a result of climate change have been studied extensively and independently, but there is a dearth of research to examine the combined effect of these factors on exposed organisms. Recent data suggest that estrogenic exposure and rising ambient temperatures independently impact predator–prey relationships

Bmal1 is the key component of the central molecular clock that mediates the circadian control of various biological activities including immune reactions. In fish, the role of Bmal1 in immunity is unclear. In this study, we examined the expressional regulation and potential role of Japanese flounder Bmal1 (named PoBmal1) in pathogen associated immune response. PoBmal1 shares 85% identity with its human

Releasing hatchery-reared juveniles in the wild can mitigate the general decline in the natural stocks of European lobster, Homarus gammarus, L. However, growth and survival rates in lobster culture are low, presumably due to suboptimal nutrition and feeding. With the aim of determining appropriate nutrient levels, we tested different formulated extruded feeds for the culture of juvenile European lobster

The use of low-gossypol cottonseed protein concentrate (CPC) as a replacement for fishmeal (FM) in the juvenile hybrid grouper (Epinephelus fuscoguttatus ♀ × Epinephelus lanceolatus ♂) was investigated concerning differences in growth performance, immune response, and intestinal microbiota among the dietary treatments. Hybrid grouper were fed a diet (isonitrogenous and isolipidic) with FM or FM replaced

Along with the intensification of culture systems to meet the increasing global demands, there is an elevated risk of disease outbreak and substantial loss for shrimp farmers. Probiotics, e.g., Lactobacillus plantarum, are among the most promising feed supplements for controlling or treating microbial diseases in shrimp aquaculture. The maintenance of live and viable probiotic bacterial culture during

Ghana's national annual fish deficit was 550,000 tons in 2018 leading to persistent increase in fish importation. However, capture fisheries have been declining over the years. Adoption of Aquaculture technologies has the potential to improve fish productivity, but the decision to adopt new technologies by fish farmers is rather complex and influenced by factors including socioeconomic and institutional

Greenhouses provide controlled environmental conditions for crop cultivation but require careful management to ensure ideal growing conditions. In this study, we tested three deep-learning-based neural network models (Artificial neural network, ANN; Nonlinear autoregressive exogenous model, NARX; and Recurrent neural networks – Long short-term memory, RNN-LSTM) to determine the best approach to predicting

Plant diseases have a disastrous impact on the safety of food production, and they can cause a significant reduction in both the quality and quantity of agricultural products. In severe cases, plant diseases may even cause no grain harvest entirely. Thus, the automatic identification and diagnosis of plant diseases are highly desired in the field of agricultural information. Many methods have been

Effective non-destructive methods for identifying poor quality and knotty timber in standing trees can contribute to higher quality timber reaching the appropriate processing mills and to a reduction in transport costs of harvested timber. Eucalyptus nitens is a major temperate plantation hardwood species primarily used in paper production. More recently it has also been considered as a potentially

In riverine ecosystems, variations in disturbance and stress intensities along the flood gradient shape vegetation community structure. However, human modifications to the flood regime may change the magnitude of disturbance and stress, leading to different species distribution patterns along environmental gradients. We aimed to study the effects of local‐ and broad‐scale environmental gradients on

Guanzhong Plain is one of the most critical maize production areas in Northwest China. It is essential to study the maize irrigation requirement and improve water use efficiency in this area. There is a lack of knowledge about the evaporation portioning and irrigation requirements of crops grown in this region. Based on evapotranspiration observed in a maize cropland using the eddy covariance (EC)

Continuous population growth and rapid urbanization rates in West and Central Africa are associated with rising demand for fresh vegetables and animal-based products, providing market opportunities for local producers from the surrounding areas. However, in regions such as northwestern Cameroon where pastoral cattle breeding remains an important part of the local livestock sector, competition over

Conservation Agriculture (CA) is advocated as an agricultural innovation that will improve smallholder famer resilience to future climate change. Under the conditions presented by the El Niño event of 2015/16, the implementation of CA was examined in southern Malawi at household, district and national institutional levels. Agricultural system constraints experienced by farming households are identified

As the industrial structure is reorganized from manufacturing to one that is knowledge-based, the knowledge-intensive service (KIS) industry has grown steadily. Since KIS industries make a significant contribution to regional competitiveness through innovative activities, it is important to examine what factors determine their location. Since KIS industries reportedly concentrate in and around large

Abstract The aim of our study was to determine the usefulness of mixtures of carvacrol and Bacillus thuringiensis crystalline proteins Cry against pests of two different species: Cydia pomonella L. (Lepidoptera: Tortricidae) and Spodoptera exigua Hübner (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae). The novelty of our work lies in showing the interactions between carvacrol and bacterial toxins against insect pests. Moreover

Abstract This paper presents a method to estimate soil surface phosphorus (P) budgets for 243 subnational regions in EU28. This is about the maximum spatial resolution that can be achieved mainly using international datasets that are regularly updated. Similar subnational budgets could be established for nitrogen (N) with some additions to this method. Increasing the spatial resolution from national

Rapid urbanization, industrial activity, and runoff have all played a role in transforming the Anacostia River from a biologically rich ecosystem to an ecologically threatened environment facing extensive pollution. In recent decades, numerous groups have worked to document and begin to address pollution in the waterway, but few have examined the biological impact of these contaminants. To assess water

Methylmercury (MeHg) is a neurotoxic pollutant that bioaccumulates and biomagnifies in aquatic food webs, impacting the health of piscivorous wildlife and human consumers of predatory fish. While fish mercury levels have been correlated with various biotic and abiotic factors, many studies only measure adults to characterize the health of locally fished populations, omitting information about how local

This is the first comprehensive report on the accumulation of Cr, Ni, As, and Ag in the fish species Nile tilapia Oreochromis niloticus and Nile perch Lates niloticus from Lake Victoria, complemented with recent data on Cu, Zn, Cd, and Pb. This also is the first report on Cr, Ni, As, and Ag levels in invertebrates: the shrimp Caridina nilotica, gastropod Pila ovata, and bivalve Mutela bourguignati

Growing human populations and increasingly intensive agriculture have resulted in widespread aquatic nitrate pollution. Freshwater mussel populations have been in decline for decades but often are underrepresented in data used for the development of ambient water quality criteria and acute toxicity of nitrate to mussel glochidia has not yet been established. Additionally, toxicity testing with aquatic

Abstract Chemicals pollution in the environment has attracted attention all over the world, and the toxicity prediction of chemical pollutants has become quite important. In this paper, we introduce a simple approach to predict the toxicity of some chemical components, in which the Tchebichef image moment (TM) method was employed to extract useful chemical information from the images of molecular structures

Twenty-eight transects in six urban rivers located in the Qianhai area of Baoan District, Shenzhen, China, were selected to study the contamination of heavy metals in its sediment, reveal the spatial distribution of heavy metals in these rivers, and assess the ecological risk of heavy metals in the urban river sediment. The result showed that the concentration of heavy metals displayed considerable

Use of pesticides continues to be indiscriminate, and birds are one of the worst affected non-targeted organisms. Information on the ill effects of pesticides on birds far from desired in India. Despite the presence of a wide variety and number of birds, there is exceedingly little data on organochlorine pesticide (OCP) residues in colonial nesting birds in sanctuaries of India. A total of 76 individuals