Abstract The status of the aggregation of the Pacific oyster Crassostrea gigas (Thunberg, 1793) in the Busse Lagoon (Sakhalin Island) was assessed in 2019. The uncontrolled harvesting of this bivalve species caused its abundance to decline. The total oyster stock in the lagoon is estimated at 24.1 t; the commercial stock is estimated at 3.8 t; the aggregation is dominated (84.4%) by nonharvestable

Abstract In July 2019, Vaucheria coronata Nordstedt, 1879, an algal species previously unknown in Russia, was collected in the intertidal zone of Kandalaksha Gulf, the White Sea. The new records significantly expand the range of the species in the Arctic Ocean.

Abstract An endosymbiotic dinoflagellate isolated from the soft coral Stichodactyla haddoni from the coast of Hormuz Island, Strait of Hormuz, Persian Gulf, has been characterized morphologically for the first time. Spherical and egg-shaped cells 6–13 μm in diameter (8–13 μm during mitosis) were recorded. Transmission electron microscopy showed the presence of intracellular organelles including a nucleus

Abstract The reproduction, growth, and variability of the shape of the shell in the gastropod Boreotrophon candelabrum (Reeve, 1848) from Peter the Great Bay (Sea of Japan) were investigated. In aquarium conditions, the mollusks started to lay transparent hemispherical egg capsules in late April at a water temperature of 5.6°C. The females with a shell height of 38–51 mm laid 13–46 egg capsules. The

Abstract Poorly esterified pectin was isolated from the seagrass Phyllospadix iwatensis Makino, 1931 and modified using acidic hydrolysis in 0.5 M HCl. The concentration of anhydrogalacturonic acid, the degree of methoxylation, and the molecular weight distribution were determined in the native and hydrolyzed pectins. The sorption capacity of these pectins with regard to strontium and yttrium ions

Abstract The duration of development, survival rate, and reproductive characteristics of Calanipeda aquaedulcis (Krichagin, 1873) and Arctodiaptomus salinus (Daday, 1885) depending on a diet consisting of monospecific cultures of microalgae from three different taxonomic groups were studied in experimental conditions. The highest survival rates were recorded for the copepod C. aquaedulcis that was

Abstract A brief overview on the history of systematics of the order Gigartinales (Rhodophyta) is provided. The changes in the taxonomy of algae of this order from the Far Eastern seas of Russia based on the molecular phylogenetic data are analyzed. Taxonomic problems that can only be resolved by modern methods are discussed.

Abstract The benthic flora off the Luhuitou Peninsula (Sanya Bay) was studied, for the first time, in areas located opposite a wastewater outlet from fish farm ponds and, thus, heavily polluted with nutrients (dissolved organic nitrogen (DIN), on average 30 μM; orthophosphates, 5.0 μM). Changes in the benthic flora were recorded before and after the farm stopped operation. It was shown that with a

Abstract This paper presents an analysis of the literature data on the Subantarctic fauna of the benthic Myodocopida, including 97 species. The studied fauna is characterized by a high degree but a low level of endemism. The fauna is based on the species of common genera. Ostracods of the families Cylindroleberididae and Cypridinidae lead in the number of species and genera. With depth increase, species

Abstract A method for estimating the integral microalgae biomass beneath a unit surface was designed based on a mathematical model for phytoplankton vital function in the water column and subsequently tested. The model was verified based on data collected during field studies. The results of remote sensing allow extending this method to cover large territories (areas of water). The phytoplankton abundance

Abstract A number of polyphenol fractions were extracted from the brown alga Thalassiophyllum clathrus (Postels & Ruprecht, 1840) by the method of liquid–liquid extraction using solvents of increasing polarity, and their antioxidant activities were studied. The extract obtained with ethyl acetate was characterized by a maximum polyphenol content of 581.2 ± 8.4 mg/g equivalent to gallic acid and a maximum

Abstract An autonomous system of remote audio and video surveillance of marine mammal activity has been designed and installed in the Far Eastern Marine Biosphere Nature Reserve (Peter the Great Bay, Sea of Japan) for monitoring the condition of the spotted seal (Phoca largha Pallas, 1811) population in the reproductive zone. This system makes it possible to collect information on animals without affecting

Abstract The innate immune system plays a vital role to resist the environmental stresses and infectious pathogens in marine mammal pups. To get a baseline level of innate immune capacity in spotted seals, the concentrations of several antioxidant and immune-related factors in the serum of wild and captive spotted seal (Phoca largha) pups from the Liaodong Bay colony were measured and compared. Cu/Zn

Abstract This study aimed to investigate the amino acids contents of some brown (Hormophysa cuneiformis, Sargassum muticum, and Padina minor), red (Digenea simplex, Amphiroa anceps, and Corallina mediterranea), and green macroalgae (Codium elongatum, Ulva fasciata, and Cladophora sp.) collected from the Egypt coasts, using an Eppendorf/Biotronik LC 3000 amino acid analyzer. The results showed that

Abstract The sexual reproduction and life history of the marine pennate diatom Entomoneis cf. paludosa have been described for the first time. The sexual process has been found to involve two gametangia, each producing two gametes. This species is characterized by morphological and behavioral isogamy. Its mating system includes the heterothallic mode of reproduction, with no cases of homothallic reproduction

Abstract Major studies of the Black Sea algal viruses in Russia have been conducted at scientific institutes located in the city of Sevastopol. A review of the methodological approaches used during 2002–2019 shows that both classical virological methods and methods that were recently developed and patented (among them those by the authors) are applicable to the search for, isolation, and study of algal

Abstract The size–age structure, growth, and maturation of the spotted catfish Arius maculatus (Thunberg, 1792) from the Hau River estuary, Mekong Delta, Vietnam, were studied for the first time. A total of 460 fish specimens collected from January to March 2019 were examined. The annuli on the otoliths were visualized; their formation may be related with the alternation of the dry and rainy seasons

Abstract— A new species for the Black Sea, a representative of the Far Eastern fauna, the Korean (dark) rockfish Sebastes schlegelii Hilgendorf, 1880, was found in the coastal zone of Crimea and the Caucasus. The first find of the Korean rockfish took place in 2013; presently, the findings of this species have become more frequent, which suggests a successful introduction. This paper presents the detailed

Abstract The present review considers the physicochemical and biological properties of polysaccharides (PSs) obtained from marine algae (alginates and fucoidans from brown algae; carrageenans from red algae; and ulvans from green algae). These PSs are used in the latest technologies of regenerative medicine (tissue engineering, modulation of drug delivery system, and design of wound dressing materials)

Abstract Low-molecular-weight metabolites known as mycotoxins of micromycetes from the genera Fusarium, Alternaria, Penicillium, Aspergillus, etc. were studied using the enzyme immunoassay in the brown algae Ascophyllum nodosum, Pelvetia canaliculata, Fucus vesiculosus, Laminaria digitata, and Saccharina latissima collected from the Kandalaksha Gulf, White Sea. The T-2 toxin, diacetoxyscirpenol, deoxynivalenol

Abstract The population and biological characteristics of the bivalve mollusk Macoma calcarea (Gmelin, 1791) off the Novaya Zemlya Archipelago, eastern Barents Sea, are considered. The biomass of Macoma clams in the study area varied from 3.9 to 350.6 g/m2; the population density varied from 13.3 to 196.6 ind./m2. It was shown that the biomass and population density of clams do not depend on the depth

Abstract An original method is proposed for rapidly differentiating between regional pink salmon runs with different timings of spawning and states of gonads (gonadosomatic indices, GSI). The results of differentiation obtained by the original and traditional methods are compared. The concept of spatial niches for various temporal groups of Sea of Okhotsk pink salmon in Pacific waters off the Kuril

Abstract This study provides biological, fishery, and production characteristic of spawning females of a triple hybrid between the Russian sturgeon, Siberian sturgeon, and Amur sturgeon (RS × SS) × AS and other commercial hybrid sturgeon forms grown in the cages of a warm-water fish farm in Primorsky Krai, Russia. The survival rate of larvae and juveniles of the triple hybrid in conditions of warm-water

Abstract The current status of the red king crab population off western Kamchatka is considered based on data from bottom trawl surveys and fishery statistics since 2013. Some biological parameters of this crab species are provided; its commercial stock is estimated; some features of red king crab fishery and determination of total allowable catch for the past 7 years are analyzed. The red king crab

Abstract The density and biomass of aggregations of the clam Mya uzenensis have been studied in four areas of the littoral zone in Taui Bay. Aggregations of this bivalve species were mosaically distributed in the form of beds from 0.5 to 5.0 m2 in size. On suitable sediments, Mya aggregations occupied 25–40% of the littoral zone area. The structure of aggregations in the littoral zone of Ola Liman

Abstract The distribution of fish and prawn in the bed of the lower Amur River (within 40–960 km from the mouth) is described based on the results of a beam-trawl survey (57 trawl taw at depths of 1.5–23.0 m) conducted in September and October 2003. A total of 2584 ind. of 22 fish species and 1077 ind. of one invertebrate species (the prawn Palaemon modestus) were caught. The most frequently occurring

Abstract The dynamics of the Atka mackerel stock in the Olyutorsky–Navarin area in 1994–2019 is inferred from bottom-trawl surveys, fishery statistics, open-access NOAA data, and the results of simulation by the method of virtual population analysis. After the period of low stock in the mid-1990s, the abundance of the Atka mackerel group in the area increased sharply to a maximum in 2006–2008, when

Abstract The effect of water temperature on the timing of spawning and spat settlement of the Yesso scallop (Mizuhopecten (=Patinopecten) yessoensis Jay, 1857) in Minonosok Cove (Posyet Bay, Peter the Great Bay) has been studied based on the most complete dataset of observations for 1970–2011. The date of onset of spawning varied from May 1 to June 9 (within 40 days) and the onset of spat settlement

Abstract An aerial survey of Pacific salmon spawning grounds in the main watercourses that empty into the Bering Sea was conducted for the first time since 1992. The total flight time was 35 h; the approximate total length of transects was 3800 km. The number and distribution of Pacific salmon spawners in the Anadyr, Velikaya, Tumanskaya rivers and in the Meynypilgyno lake–river system have been assessed

Abstract A spawning ground of the Mud Skate Bathyraja taranetzi and the Okhotsk Skate B. violacea was recorded for the first time from Pacific waters off the northern Kuril Islands. It was located at 50°25′7″ N, 157°22′7″ E, and a depth of 350–351 m; the water temperature was 3.8°C. At the spawning ground, egg cases and recently hatched juveniles were found in large numbers.

Abstract The spectrum of proteinases and the dynamics of proteinase activity in the ambulacrum structures were studied by quantitative gel zymography in the holothurians Eupentacta fraudatrix and Cucumaria japonica under normal conditions and after transverse cutting of the ambulacrum. Proteinases with gelatinolytic activity were detected only in E. fraudatrix; the species had two pools of proteinases

Abstract The present study is aimed to investigate the effects of iron nanoparticles (Fe-NPs) on growth performance, liver histopathology and some blood parameters of the stellate sturgeon (Acipenser stellatus) juvenile. A total of 144 fish (182.09 ± 9.05 g) were fed diets containing graded levels of Fe-NPs (0, 25, 50, and 100 mg kg–1 diet) for 8 weeks. No significant differences were observed in weight

Abstrac— Intensive algal sampling was conducted from 2017 to 2019 in coastal waters of Wuzhizhou Island (South China Sea, China). In total, 183 species of marine macrophytes, 9 species of Cyanobacteria and 2 species of seagrasses were found. The collection of benthic macroalgae was comprised of 63% of Rhodophyta, 12% of Phaeophyceae, and 25% of Chlorophyta. Among macrophytes, the largest number of

Abstract The growth parameters were determined separately for the two sexes of Penaeus kerathurus, as well as for the two (northeastern and southern) substocks of the species in Tunisia. Seasonal sampling from catches of this species in the coastal and the offshore waters was carried out during the period between 2010 and 2012 for the northeastern substock and between 2010 and 2014 for the southern

Abstract This study reports recent data on the distribution and breeding abundance of seven species of colonial birds on the coast of Peter the Great Bay, Sea of Japan. Over the past 30 years, three species of cormorants (great, Japanese, and pelagic cormorants), as well as the black-faced spoonbill, have significantly increased their numbers. The number of breeding pairs of gray heron and Chinese

Abstract This article provides results of a helminthological study of two seabird species, the Black-Legged Kittiwake (Rissa tridactyla Linnaeus, 1758) and the Brünnich’s Guillemot (Uria lomvia Linnaeus, 1758), from Russkaya Gavan Bay, Severny Island, Novaya Zemlya Archipelago. A total of five species of helminth parasites were identified in kittiwakes and six species in guillemots. The cestode Tetrabothrius

Abstract The summarized composition of the fish fauna of the Karkinitsky Gulf of the Black Sea was established for the first time on the basis of literature and original data for the entire period of research; 108 fish species were recorded in total. Twenty-three new fish species, among them representatives of the Mediterranean faunistic complex, form the basis of the faunistic diversity of the western

Abstract Several fundamentally different pathways may exist to restore a lost structure in closely related species or within the same species of multicellular animals; this phenomenon is described using the example of the echinoderm digestive system. We propose to call this phenomenon “variability of regeneration mechanisms.” In echinoderms, it is manifested as differences in the spatial organization

Abstract In this study, otolith shape analysis has been used to perform identification of two smelt species specimens (genus Hypomesus), H. japonicus and H. nipponensis, as well as differentiation of local gatherings in the first species, in the north-western Sea of Japan (SJ). Based on the otolith shape and using several multidimension statistical approaches obvious differences were defined for both

Abstract A seasonal spring-run (vernal) ecotype of the Steelhead Trout Parasalmo (Oncorhynchus) mykiss (Walbaum, 1792) has been found in western Kamchatka for the first time. Fish of this ecotype perform anadromous migration in May; however, the timing and grounds of spawning of the spring- and fall-run (hiemal) ecotypes in Kamchatka completely overlap. An analysis of microsatellite loci of both ecotypes

Abstract The species composition of macrophytic algae in Troitsa Bay (Peter the Great Bay, Sea of Japan) was studied from June to September in 2004–2018. A total of 111 macrophytes were found, of which 28 were epiphytes. The phylum Rhodophyta was the most diverse group represented by 58 species (or 54% of the total number of identified species); the phylum Ochrophyta (class Phaeophyceae) was represented

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Abstract The profiles of bacterial O-glycoside hydrolases and alginate lyases associated with the red alga Ahnfeltia tobuchiensis are described for the first time. A role of these enzymes in the trophic relationships of the host organism and bacteria is discussed.

Abstract The present study was intended to investigate the presence of major chemical components in seaweed extracts by using of Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) and to explore the antibacterial and in vitro anti-inflammatory (membrane stability) properties of ethanolic extracts of nine different seaweeds collected from the Ramewaram coastal region. Total flavonoid content (TFC) and total

Abstract The advantages and disadvantages of statistical methods for estimating the age of animals that lack recording structures are discussed in the article. The discussion is supported by examples from studies on the growth of the bivalve mollusk Mizuhopecten yessoensis (Jay, 1857). The age of individuals of this species can easily be determined by morphological marks on the shell surface. This

Abstract This review examines the main characteristics of the reproductive strategy in hermit crabs: the sex ratio, the age (size) of onset of maturity, fecundity, and duration of the incubation period, as well as their dependence on the availability and quality of accessible gastropod shells. The latitudinal variation in reproductive characteristics and the peculiarities of reproduction of coastal

Abstract Strains of Vibrio spp. isolated from samples of water and aquatic organisms of the temperate (173 strains) and tropical (124 strains) climatic zones were phenotypically characterized. Identification, carried out on the basis of an extended analysis of phenotypic properties, made it possible to identify previously undiagnosed species. V. alginolyticus, V. parahaemolyticus, and V. splendidus

Abstract From 1983 to 2018, in the Alas Purwo National Park (APNP) beach, the olive ridley sea turtle (Lepidochelys olivacea) nested population showed a significantly increasing number compared to the other three species using the same beach. One of the reasons is believed to be the success of conservation efforts (nest relocation and protected egg incubation) to produce a balanced hatchling sex ratio

Abstract The present review briefly summarizes the results of the studies on coral reefs of the Indo-Pacific conducted by the authors and their colleagues who participated in joint publications and research since the late 1970s until recently. Experimental field and laboratory-based works were carried out during expeditions aboard the R/V Kallisto and R/V Akademik Aleksandr Nesmeyanov, as well as at

Abstract This study examines the effect of copper (100 and 200 μg/L) on the cell number dynamics, cell size and ultrastructure, chlorophyll a fluorescence, mitochondrial membrane potential, and neutral lipid content in the microalga Picochlorum maculatum (Chlorophyta) during a 7-day exposure. The addition of copper led to the inhibition of population growth; the cell size and ultrastructure remained

Abstract This study provides the first description of the feeding aggregation recently formed by humpback whales in the Senyavin Strait, off eastern Chukotka. A total of 143 individuals were identified during the two summer and fall seasons of 2017 and 2018. More than half of the whales recorded in the first year were encountered again in the following year. The spatial distribution of feeding whales

Abstract Two hundred and forty eight strains of heterotrophic microorganisms were isolated from bottom sediments of the Chukchi Sea. A 16S rRNA gene sequence analysis was used to classify representatives of 33 genera that belong to the phyla Proteobacteria, Bacteroidetes, Firmicutes, and Actinobacteria. Phylogenetic analysis showed that at least eight bacterial groups displayed 97−98% similarity of

Abstract The effects of some hydrolytic enzymes from marine organisms on the formation and destruction of bacterial biofilms have been studied. As the results show, the presence of α-D-galactosidase from the marine bacterium Pseudoalteromonas sp. KMM 701 stimulates the growth of biofilms formed by various species of marine bacteria, whereas the formation of biofilms by Bacillus subtilis and Yersinia

Abstract This review analyzes the current state of knowledge of the microphytobenthos in the Russian waters of the Sea of Japan and adjacent sea areas. A retrospective analysis of the literature shows that microphytobenthos, with its primary production that often exceeds the production of phytoplankton, plays an important role in coastal marine ecosystems. Benthic diatoms in the coastal waters of Peter

Abstract A mycological examination of the saffron cod Eleginus gracilis (Tilesius, 1810) and the Asiatic smelt Osmerus mordax dentex Steindachner & Kner, 1870, caught in the Amursky Bay (Peter the Great Bay of the Sea of Japan) revealed several species of filamentous fungi. In total, 105 isolates of filamentous fungi were obtained from the skin integument and internal organs (31 isolates from the saffron

Abstract The dynamics of glycogen recovery in the muscles and liver of the European flounder Plathichthys flesus (Linnaeus, 1758) and the European sprat Sprattus sprattus (Linnaeus, 1758) after exposure to trawl fishing has been studied. As the results show, the stress-inducing effect of fishing does not alter the glycogen content of the organs in the flounder, which leads a sedentary life, whereas

Abstract This review provides information on the structure of growth hormone genes (GHGs) in fish and the divergence of coding, intron, and adjacent flanking regions; original data obtained in our laboratory are also considered. In most fish species, GHGs are represented by a single copy, while some taxonomic groups have two paralogous genes. The coding sequences of GHGs are conserved. Gene length

Abstract— Acanthogobius ommaturus, which belongs to the family Gobiidae, is a euryhaline, demersal fish widely distributed in coastal areas, harbors, and estuaries of China, the Korean Peninsula, and Japan. A genetic analysis based on identification of the structure of mitochondrial DNA control region was carried out in the present study. As a result, the conservative structure, including termination

Abstract The morphology of the mandibles in the lobster shrimps Boasaxius princeps and Leonardsaxius amurensis is described at different stages of ontogenesis. The incisor process of the mandibles in axiid zoeae is flattened antero-posteriorly, with three stout terminal teeth; the molar process is broad, the grinding surface is formed by transverse cuticular ridges and bears a fringe of brush-like

Abstract The present study considers effects of a lipid complex isolated from the aqueous–ethanol (70%) extract from the marine red alga Ahnfeltia tobuchiensis and effects of the Essentiale commercial preparation on the biochemical parameters of blood plasma and erythrocyte membranes of mice exposed to experimental stress (suspension by the scruff of the neck). The pharmacological effect of the lipid