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Large Animal Carcass Mortality Composting: Impact on Soil Nutrients Compost Sci. Util. (IF 1.188) Pub Date : 2024-02-26 Mark Hutchinson, William Seekins
Livestock producers and environmental agencies have expressed concern about nutrient loss to the soil from routine mortality composting on soil with no cover or site improvement. In 2011, a replica...
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Identification of Bacterial Communities Associated with Composting in Sugarcane Crops Compost Sci. Util. (IF 1.188) Pub Date : 2024-02-22 Lizeth Diaz, Ana Mercado, Carlos Martínez, Alba Rocio Corrales
The use of chemical fertilizers increases crop production costs worldwide. Substituting chemical fertilizers for biofertilizers has been one of the great challenges of modern agriculture. During th...
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Combining Vermicompost with Inorganic Fertilizers Improved Rice Yield and Affected Potassium Pools under Rice-Based Cropping Systems in Inceptisols Compost Sci. Util. (IF 1.188) Pub Date : 2024-01-31 Shailja Kumari, Ragini Kumari, Rajkishore Kumar, Anshuman Kohli, Yanendra Kumar Singh, Gopal Kumar, Rajesh Kumar, Rajeev Padbhushan
Integrated use of inorganic fertilizer and organic manure restores soil quality and increases crop productivity. Potassium (K) pools are also affected in soil due to the rate and sources of nutrien...
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On-Farm Conversion of Cannabis Sativa Waste Biomass into an Organic Fertilizer by Microbial Digestion Compost Sci. Util. (IF 1.188) Pub Date : 2024-01-16 Noah E. Olson, Deborah A. Neher, Victoria I. Holden
Nearly 90% of the total biomass of hemp plants grown for cannabidiol (CBD) is left to rot in piles, burned, or hauled to landfills post-harvest even though these residues are nutrient-rich. Compost...
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Mathematical Modeling and Simulation of the Stabilization of Organic Matter during the Composting Process Compost Sci. Util. (IF 1.188) Pub Date : 2024-01-10 Hicham El Boudihi, Fatima Sahban Kifani, Imane Wahby, Merlin Simo Tagne
Due to insufficient understanding of the complex nature of the composting process, there is a need to provide a useful tool which can help to enhance the prediction of its performance. This work fo...
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Influence of Maturation Time on Organic Matter Loss and Quality of Maize Stubble Compost Compost Sci. Util. (IF 1.188) Pub Date : 2024-01-10 Cevdet Şeker, Hamza Negiş, Raziye Koçkesen
Stubble management is one of the major challenges in maize cultivation, which has seen a surge in recent years. Using maize straw exclusively for composting is problematic due to its elevated C/N r...
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Nitrogen, Phosphorus, and Potassium Availability in Three Compost Derivatives from the Wine Industry and Two Fertilizers Compost Sci. Util. (IF 1.188) Pub Date : 2024-01-10 Juan Hirzel, Carolina Sánchez, Rosa Roa, Sebastián Tramón
Organic production worldwide shows ongoing advances in agronomic management. Compost is mainly used for nutritional management and its benefits in biological activity and soil construction are well...
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Effects of Expanded Perlite on the Composting of Sheep Manure and Jujube Branch: Nitrogen Conservation and Organic Matter Degradation Compost Sci. Util. (IF 1.188) Pub Date : 2024-01-10 Kai Hu, Shulin Xu, Daitao Chen, Youhui Gao, Yubin Zhao, Yuegao Hu, Xiaofen Wang
Co-composting of sheep manure and jujube branch, a potential technology of waste management in Xinjiang, China, is currently undermined by the low degradation rate of jujube branch waste. This stud...
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Physicochemical and Microbiological Analysis of Vermiwash as an Ecofriendly Soil Conditioner Compost Sci. Util. (IF 1.188) Pub Date : 2024-01-10 Mukhtiar Ali, Safdar Sidra, Asia Iqbal, Roshan Ali, Nazir Ahmad, Ali Raza Gurmani, Sehrish Sadia
The continuous use of chemical fertilizer is a leading cause of soil contamination and hence adversely affecting biodiversity. A more suitable alternative to these chemicals are natural organic fer...
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IoT-Based Agricultural Compost Monitoring System: Prototype Development and Sensor Technology Evaluation Compost Sci. Util. (IF 1.188) Pub Date : 2024-01-10 Igor Tomicic
Smart agriculture refers to the application of advanced technologies in the field of agriculture, such as the Internet of Things, big data, edge/cloud computing, among others. These technologies fa...
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Potential Use of Postharvest Tomato Wastes as a Growing Media in Soilless Culture Compost Sci. Util. (IF 1.188) Pub Date : 2023-12-15 Esin Yörük, Erkan Eren, Esin Hazneci, Harun Özer, Coşkun Gülser
Recycling postharvest tomato wastes will reduce the carbon footprints of greenhouse facilities. This study investigated the effects of tomato postharvest waste as a growing medium (TSW; tomato stal...
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Effects of Initial C/N Ratio on Maturity and Stability of Compost Produced from Two-Phase Olive Mill Pomace, Poultry and Dairy Manure and Straw Compost Sci. Util. (IF 1.188) Pub Date : 2023-11-10 Kamil Ekinci, İsmail Tosun, Fevzi Şevik, Necati Berk Bıtrak, Kemal Sülük, Barbaros Salih Kumbul
Composting of two-phase olive mill pomace, poultry and dairy manure, and straw was conducted at five initial carbon/nitrogen (C/N) ratios (from 20.03 to 39.99) using 15 100-liter reactors. Compost ...
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On-Farm Composting Using Two Different Windrow Methods: A Stochastic Budgeting Analysis Compost Sci. Util. (IF 1.188) Pub Date : 2023-11-10 Qiaojie Chen, Emmanuel K. Yiridoe, Chidozie Okoye, Ryan Munroe, Alexandra Grygorczyk
Two commercial-scale windrow composting methods were investigated for their relative costs of production and value for the horticulture industry, including: (i) aerobic (or thermophilic) composting...
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The Normalization of Seed Germination Test: An Effective Method to Assess Compost Maturity Compost Sci. Util. (IF 1.188) Pub Date : 2023-11-10 Xing Chen, Xiuna Ren, Quan Wang, Ronghua Li, Minna Jiao, Songling Li, Yayi Wang, Zengqiang Zhang
Mature compost, as an alternative substance of chemical fertilizer, could provide nutrients for plant growth, improve soil structure and inhibit the diseases. Germination index (GI), as an essentia...
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Importance of Vermicompost in Tomato Plant Cultivation and Improvement of Some Soil Properties Compost Sci. Util. (IF 1.188) Pub Date : 2023-06-12 Sahriye Sonmez, Filiz Öktüren Asri
Abstract Vermicompost is a material whose popularity is rapidly growing. However, information about the usage amount and mineralization in the soil, and the state of the emergence of plant nutrients is quite limited. In this study, it was aimed to determine the effects of different vermicompost doses at different incubation periods on the soil properties and nutrient concentrations of the tomato plant
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Effect of Coffee Pulp Compost and P Fertilizer on Yield and Yield Components of Maize (Zea mays L.) in Gedeo Zone, Southern Ethiopia Compost Sci. Util. (IF 1.188) Pub Date : 2023-06-12 Abiyot Mebrate, Tadesse Kippie
Abstract Agricultural waste utilization in the form of compost is a sustainable alternative to fertilizer for increasing crop yield in smallholder farms. A study was conducted to investigate the effect of coffee pulp (CP) compost, phosphorus (P) fertilizer, and their combination on yield and yield components of maize in the Gedeo Zone, Southern Ethiopia, under rainfed conditions using maize variety
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Comparison of Compost Maturity Assessed Using the UK Tomato and German Barley Plant Response Tests Compost Sci. Util. (IF 1.188) Pub Date : 2023-06-12 Cristina Rodriguez Gil, Thomas J. Aspray
Abstract Plant response tests are popular with some European composting industry schemes compared to seed germination only tests. In the case of the UK tomato plant response test, this assesses not only seed germination and plant growth but also weed germination and plant abnormalities (the latter due to presence of herbicide residues). However, a drawback of the test is its long duration at 28 days
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Assessing the Quality of Compost Produced from Human Hair and Pet Fur Waste Compost Sci. Util. (IF 1.188) Pub Date : 2023-03-10 Tina Marie Waliczek, Merritt Drewery, Alex McMoran, Magdalena Eriksen, Janet Hale
Composting is an effective waste management alternative that creates a horticultural and agricultural based resource. Globally, large quantities of human hair and pet fur from salons, barber shops,...
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Effect of Processing Conditions on Nitrogen Loss of Sewage Sludge Composting Compost Sci. Util. (IF 1.188) Pub Date : 2021-07-22
Abstract As a by-product of municipal sewage treatment, sewage sludge must be properly treated to avoid secondary pollution to the environment. Aerobic composting is one of the mainstream technologies in sludge treatment, but nitrogen loss in composting process usually reaches more than 40%, which seriously reduces the fertilizer efficiency of composting products, and at the same time, a large amount
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Effect of Vermicompost on Soil and Runoff Properties in Northern Iran Compost Sci. Util. (IF 1.188) Pub Date : 2021-06-08 Maryam Rezaei Pasha, Kaka Shahedi, Qorban Vahabzadeh, Ataollah Kavian, Mehdi Ghajar Sepanlou, Pascal Jouquet
Abstract This study aimed at measuring the effect of vermicompost on soil physical and chemical properties and runoff quality and quantity in agro-ecosystems in Northern Iran. Thus, runoff measurement plots of 1 × 5 m were set up in sloping lands under natural rainfall during 5 months. Runoff quality and quantity, soil properties, and plant growth were measured. This study shows that the amount of
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Composting of Night Soil and Horse Manure with Leaves as Organic Substrate Compost Sci. Util. (IF 1.188) Pub Date : 2021-07-22
Abstract This study aims to investigate the characteristics of night soil/horse manure with leaf co-composting using aerobic static composting method. Two influencing factors, including composting materials and aeration pattern, were investigated by determining the change in the principal physicochemical properties, i.e. temperature, volatile solid, carbon, nitrogen, hydrogen, carbon-to-nitrogen ratio
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Influence of Degradation of PLA with High Degree of Crystallinity on Fungal Community Structure in Compost Compost Sci. Util. (IF 1.188) Pub Date : 2021-04-13 Mehlika Karamanlioglu, Ümit Alkan
Abstract Degradation rate of poly(lactic acid) (PLA), a compostable plastic, is affected by its physical properties and environmental conditions. Since PLA with different physical properties enter composting systems, investigation of degradation of PLA with strong physical properties in compost at different temperatures and its influence on compost fungal community structure are the main concerns of
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Changes in Pigment Contents and Nutritional Components of Moringa oleifera Lam. as Impacted by Different Feedstuff Compost Receipts Compost Sci. Util. (IF 1.188) Pub Date : 2021-02-10 A. Ngakou, L. C. Haouvang, M. Mbaiguinam, P. Uke, M. Issa
Abstract The effect of organic fertilizers was evaluated on the nutritional parameters of Moringa oleifera in the field at a year after transplantation. The study was conducted in a completely randomized block design comprising six treatments each of which was replicated four times. Physicochemical properties of leaves and seeds sampled from treatments (cow dung compost, goat manure compost, poultry
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Effect of Acidithiobacillus thiooxidans Inoculation on the Chemical Properties of Saline Compost Compost Sci. Util. (IF 1.188) Pub Date : 2021-01-15 Anaité Dafne Vaca-Velasco, Anidia Blanco-Jarvio, María Jesús Ferarra-Guerrero, Gilberto Vela-Correa, Fidel Payán-Zelaya
Abstract Bacterial species of the genus Acidithiobacillus have been proved to reduce soil salinity, but their chemical impact on a saline compost has not been reported. This work is aimed to evaluate the effects of A. thiooxidans on the chemical properties of a saline compost formulation. When added to a microcosm under nonsterile conditions, a sulfur-supplemented A. thiooxidans inoculum lowered pH
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Performance of the Kraft Mill Biosolids Compost and Their Quality Evaluation Compost Sci. Util. (IF 1.188) Pub Date : 2020-11-20 M. E. Neubauer, J. P. Miranda, F. Ramírez, A. Esquerra, G. Vidal
Abstract The goal of this article is the evaluation of the compost quality from Kraft mill organic matter by germination Raphanus sativus and Lepidium sativum. The evaluation of compost was measured in terms of stability, maturity and phytotoxicity. Two compost piles were elaborated, one with a ratio of C/N = 23.67 and the other with C/N = 18.67. Each pile was divided into 2 sections, pile 1 (compost
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Soluble Salts in Compost and Their Effects on Soil and Plants: A Review Compost Sci. Util. (IF 1.188) Pub Date : 2020-08-19 Matthew Gondek, David C. Weindorf, Carmen Thiel, Greg Kleinheinz
Abstract The chemical, physical, and biological conditions of soil and growing media can be substantively improved by the addition of compost. Compost contains many plant essential nutrients (e.g. N, P, and K) and can also be a source of organic matter. However, concerns persist over composts with a high concentration of soluble salts and their effects on soil fertility, plant growth, and yields. Soluble
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Thermal Conductivity of Olive Cake Compost (OCC) as Affected by Moisture and Density: An Experimental and Mathematical Modeling Compost Sci. Util. (IF 1.188) Pub Date : 2020-05-22 Adnan I. Khdair, Ghaida Abu-Rumman, Sawasn I. Khdair
Abstract The behaviors of bioactive compounds treating gaseous pollutants in biofilters and in the compost used as soil amendment and in green roof buildings are controlled by their thermal properties. There is a lack of information on thermal conductivity of olive cake compost (OCC), K as affected by water content and bulk density. Thermal conductivities (K) of 40 samples of (OCC) were determined
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The Organic Degradation and Potential Microbial Function in a 15-Day Sewage Sludge Biodrying Compost Sci. Util. (IF 1.188) Pub Date : 2020-05-07 Yang-Yan Wang, Sheng-Wei Zheng, Ding Gao, Lu Cai
Abstract To meet the challenge of increased sludge generation, shortening of biodrying periods are required. This study assesses a shortened sewage sludge biodrying period of 15 days. The fundamental physicochemical properties of samples from different phases were determined, the functional groups were identified using infrared spectroscopy and the biodrying associated microbial functions were annotated
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Exhaust Gas Concentrations and Elemental Losses from a Composting Drum Treating Horse Manure Compost Sci. Util. (IF 1.188) Pub Date : 2020-04-30 Anne-Kristin Løes, Roger Khalil, Kirsty McKinnon
Abstract A farm scale composting drum was used to study exhaust gases from horse manure, and from horse manure mixed with tomato plant residues (TPR) with a lower C/N ratio. To study whether this addition increased gaseous losses of nitrogen (N) and sulphur (S), selected gas compounds of carbon (C) and N, and sulphur dioxide (SO2), were measured on three dates by Fourier Transform Infrared spectroscopy
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Soluble Salts in Compost and Their Effects on Soil and Plants: A Review Compost Sci. Util. (IF 1.188) Pub Date : 2020-04-02 Matthew Gondek, David C. Weindorf, Carmen Thiel, Greg Kleinheinz
Abstract The chemical, physical, and biological conditions of soil and growing media can be substantively improved by the addition of compost. Compost contains many plant essential nutrients (e.g. N, P, and K) and can also be a source of organic matter. However, concerns persist over composts with a high concentration of soluble salts and their effects on soil fertility, plant growth, and yields. Soluble
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Alleviation of Adverse Effects of Sodium on Soil Physicochemical Properties by Application of Vermicompost Compost Sci. Util. (IF 1.188) Pub Date : 2020-04-02 Zeynep Demir
Abstract The objective of this study was to examine the influence of vermicompost (VC) as a soil conditioner in alleviating adverse effects of sodium in Na salt-effected soils. Therefore, the role of VC for reducing the adverse effects of Na salt on physicochemical properties of soil was investigated. Experiments were conducted with different doses of VC (0, 2.5 and 5% VC (w/w) and three different
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Comparing and Modeling the Thermal Inactivation of Bacteriophages as Pathogenic Viruses Surrogates in Chicken Litter Compost Compost Sci. Util. (IF 1.188) Pub Date : 2020-04-02 Hongye Wang, William Bridges, Zhao Chen, Chao Gong, Xiuping Jiang
Abstract The aim of this study was to compare and model the thermal inactivation of bacteriophages as surrogates for pathogenic viruses, such as avian influenza virus, in chicken litter compost. Three bacteriophages [ø6, MS2, and Felix O1 (FO)] were inoculated separately into aged chicken litter compost with various moisture contents (MCs), and then exposed to 75 and 85 °C for up to 3 h. The bacteriophage
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Evaluation of Fresh Mushroom Compost in a Field Corn Production System Compost Sci. Util. (IF 1.188) Pub Date : 2020-04-02 Phillip S. Coles, Galina Nogin, Michael Fidanza, Greg Roth
Abstract Commercial mushroom producers are continually looking for new substrate raw material sources and pathways to dispose of mushroom compost (formerly called “spent mushroom substrate”) after crop completion. A relatively new material used in the mushroom industry is corn stover, but supplies are somewhat limited. Corn farmers are often reluctant to remove stover from fields because of nutrient
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Labile Carbon Affects Fecundity of Omodeoscolex divergens and Eudrilus eugeniae under Pure and Mixed Culture Vermicomposting Compost Sci. Util. (IF 1.188) Pub Date : 2020-03-10 Micah Martin, Gaius Eudoxie, Gregory Gouveia
Abstract Detergent fiber analysis was used to fractionate carbon (C) into hemicellulose (degradable carbon) and cellulose and lignin (recalcitrant carbon) for cattle manure (CM), neem leaves (NL), corn stover (CS), and lawn clipping (LC) to investigate the effects of C quality on vermicomposting. A factorial design having five C sources (CM, CM + NL, CS, CS + NL, and LC) and two earthworm species (Eudrilus
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Utilization of Bio-Municipal Solid Waste Improves Saline-Sodic Soils and Crop Productivity in Rice-Wheat Compost Sci. Util. (IF 1.188) Pub Date : 2020-02-26 Gohar Zaman, Behzad Murtaza, Muhammad Imran, Muhammad Shahid, Ghulam Mustafa Shah, Muhammad Amjad, Muhammad Asif Naeem, Muhammad Mubeen, Ghulam Murtaza
Abstract Solid waste management and soil degradation are the two main issues faced by the developing countries. The present study is the first effort to use bio-municipal solid waste (MSW) for the amelioration of saline-sodic soils of Pakistan. A pot experiment was conducted to evaluate the effects of MSW, farm yard manure (FM) and gypsum application on nitrate leaching, soil physicochemical characteristics
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A Comparative Study of the Reproductive and the Vermicomposting Ability of Three Generations of Epigeic and Anecic Earthworms When Subjected to a Toxic Weed (Ipomoea) as the Sole Feed Compost Sci. Util. (IF 1.188) Pub Date : 2020-01-31 Shahid Abbas Abbasi, Pratiksha Patnaik, Tabassum- Abbasi, Channgam Khamrang, Tasneem Abbasi
Abstract Recent studies by these authors have shown that the toxic and allalopathic weed ipomoea (Ipomoea carnea), gets transformed into benign organic fertilizer when subjected to vermicomposting. To derive benefit from this finding, it is necessary that a process should be made available for uninterrupted and efficient conversion of ipomoea into vermicompost. The present study has been done toward
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Carbon Accounting for Compost Use in Urban Areas Compost Sci. Util. (IF 1.188) Pub Date : 2019-10-02 Sally Brown, Ned Beecher
Abstract Developing biosolids-based composts or soil blends suitable for use in urban areas is increasingly common. End uses for compost vary and can include use as a soil conditioner for existing turf, to establish new turf, for tree planting, in urban agriculture, and for use along highway right-of-ways. The carbon benefits/costs of biosolids compost were modeled for King County, Washington. Soil
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Optimizing Heat Extraction from Compost Compost Sci. Util. (IF 1.188) Pub Date : 2019-10-02 Kayode Nwanze, O. Grant Clark
Abstract The need for renewable sources of energy has fueled interest in harvesting the heat produced by composting. Pilot-scale compost reactors were built with in-vessel heat exchangers to test the effect of heat extraction on the composting process. Water was passed through copper tubes embedded in the compost-filled barrels and the temperatures of the compost and the inlet and outlet water were
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Grape Fruit Waste Compost as a Nursery Substrate Ingredient for High-Quality Cucumber (Cucumis sativus L.) Seedlings Production Compost Sci. Util. (IF 1.188) Pub Date : 2019-10-02 Yousry A. Bayoumi, Ahmed S. El-Henawy, Khaled A. A. Abdelaal, Nevien Elhawat
Abstract Greenhouse experiments were conducted to evaluate the utilization of compost derived from grape fruit waste (GFW) as an ingredient in nursery substrates for germination and development of cucumber. A randomized complete block design was used with thirteen treatments (S1-S13) encompassing 100% composted GFW, 60% GFW + 40% poultry manure including hardwood sawdust, 80% GFW + 20% broad bean straw
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Spent Mushroom Compost of Pleurotus ostreatus: A Tool to Treat Soil Contaminated with Endosulfan Compost Sci. Util. (IF 1.188) Pub Date : 2019-10-02 Saima Sadiq, M. Mahmood-ul-Hassan, Nazia Rafiq, Karam Ahad
Abstract Composts especially spent mushroom composts (SMC) have been used for their ability to degrade toxic organic pollutants. Due to extreme toxicity, endosulfan (C9H6Cl6O3S) is categorized as a Category 1 pollutant by the U.S. EPA because of its well-reported carcinogenicity. This study was done to monitor the biodegradation potential of SMC against this pesticide. For this purpose, bioreactors
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The Effect of Different Fertilizers’ Sources on Micronutrients’ Content and Sugar Quality of Sugar Beet Compost Sci. Util. (IF 1.188) Pub Date : 2019-07-03 Elahe Ahmadpoor Dehkordi, Mahmoud Reza Tadayon, Ali Tadayyon
Abstract In order to evaluate the effect of different fertilizers’ sources on micronutrients’ content and sugar quality of sugar beet, three fertilizers’ sources include spent mushroom compost (SMC) (29 t/ha), sheep manure (23 t/ha), chemical fertilizer including zinc sulfate (10 kg/ha), copper sulfate (10 kg/ha), iron sulfate (30 kg/ha), manganese sulfate (15 kg/ha) and no fertilizer (control) were
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Application of Neutron-Gamma Analysis for Determining Compost C/N Ratio Compost Sci. Util. (IF 1.188) Pub Date : 2019-07-03 Galina Yakubova, Aleksandr Kavetskiy, Stephen A. Prior, H. Allen Torbert
Abstract The possible application of Pulsed Fast/Thermal Neutron Analysis (PFTNA) for determining the carbon-to-nitrogen ratio (C/N) of compost will be discussed. This analysis method has several advantages over traditional chemical analysis, including that it is a nondestructive in situ method that does not require extensive sample collection and it analyzes much larger volumes of material (∼1 m3)
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Rice Bran Addition to Leaf Compost Can Reduce Radiocesium Concentration and Its Uptake by Crops After the Fukushima Daiichi Nuclear Power Plant Accident Compost Sci. Util. (IF 1.188) Pub Date : 2019-07-03 Mohammad Ismail Moqbal, Masakazu Komatsuzaki, Dikkumburage Jasintha Jayasanka
Abstract Leaf composting is an essential technique in organic farming; it improves the physicochemical properties of soil such as texture, structure, water-holding capacity, and nutrient content. However, the use of leaf compost is prohibited in the Fukushima and Ibaraki prefectures because large areas of the Fukushima and Ibaraki forests were contaminated by radiocesium (134Cs and 137Cs) after the
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Effects of Different Substrate Ratios on the Growth and Physiology of Sequoia sempervirens Container Seedlings Compost Sci. Util. (IF 1.188) Pub Date : 2019-07-03 Ge-Lei Meng, Dong-Tao Luan, Zhi-Juan Tai, Ji-Feng Deng, Jian-Qiu Han, Yu-Mei Zhou
Abstract Container technology can effectively control soil environment and nutrient status to obtain the optimal plant growth condition. Peat, green waste compost (GWC), soil and perlite were used as substrate materials to study the effects of different substrate ratios on growth and physiology of 1.5-year-old Sequoia sempervirens container seedlings. The optimal substrate ratio of S. sempervirens
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Sanitary Assurance at Biosolids Composting Facilities: Assessing the Efficiency of Temperature-Contact Time Criterion Compost Sci. Util. (IF 1.188) Pub Date : 2019-07-03 Pulat Isobaev, Kristine Wichuk, Daryl McCartney, Norman F. Neumann
Abstract Pathogen inactivation due to temperature exposure was studied in full-scale covered aerated static piles (CASP) treating municipal biosolids. The objectives of the study were to assess the impact of the temperature contact time on pathogen inactivation and to analyze whether the gradual increase in temperature, as occurs in compost piles, trigger a viable-but-non-culturable (VBNC) state. Twenty-two
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Impact of Ammonia During Composting on Calonectria pseudonaviculata and C. henricotiae, Causal Agents of Boxwood Blight Compost Sci. Util. (IF 1.188) Pub Date : 2019-04-03 Robert J. Harvey, Nina Shishkoff, John A. Pecchia, Donald D. Davis
Abstract Boxwood (Buxus spp.) blight is a devastating disease caused by the Ascomycete fungus Calonectria pseudonaviculata in the U.S. and Europe. A second Calonectria species, C. henricotiae, is also pathogenic on boxwood in Europe, but is not present in the U.S. where it is classified as a quarantine pathogen. Composting can eradicate various plant pathogens and high temperature is likely the most
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Effect of Woody Peat as an Additive on Maturity and Gaseous Emissions During Pig Manure Composting Compost Sci. Util. (IF 1.188) Pub Date : 2019-04-03 Jing Yuan, Difang Zhang, Longlong Du, Fan Yang, Guoxue Li, Yuan Luo
Abstract Woody peat was used as an additive to compost with pig manure in 1.2 m3 composting reactors under aerobic conditions for a 77 days period to estimate the effect on the compost maturity and gaseous emissions (NH3, N2O, and CH4). Pig manure was also composted with cornstalks (the traditional method) as a control treatment. The results showed that both cornstalks and woody peat composts reached
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Composting of Cornstalks Used as Filtering Materials for the Pretreatment of Anaerobically Digested Centrate Compost Sci. Util. (IF 1.188) Pub Date : 2019-04-03 Longlong Du, Zhiye Zhang, Guoxue Li, Qiaoping Sun, Bangxi Zhang
Abstract This study investigated the performance of composting cornstalks after used as the filtering materials for the pretreatment of anaerobically digested manure centrate. Results show that cornstalks could effectively remove suspended solids and organic matter in digested centrate. Direct composting of the used cornstalks could be achieved. The composting temperature increased rapidly and maintained
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Measurements of Greenhouse Gas Flux from Composting Green-Waste Using Micrometeorological Mass Balance and Flow-Through Chambers Compost Sci. Util. (IF 1.188) Pub Date : 2019-04-03 Eric R. Kent, Shannon K. Bailey, Jilmarie Stephens, William R. Horwath, Kyaw Tha Paw U
Abstract Greenhouse gases (GHGs) are produced during the composting process, but few studies have measured emissions from a full-scale windrow of composting green-waste. This is important for evaluating composting as a waste management option and for understanding how changes to current composting management practices could help reduce emissions. This study uses micrometeorological mass balance (MMB)
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Phosphate Amendments to Compost for Improving P Bio-Availability Compost Sci. Util. (IF 1.188) Pub Date : 2019-04-03 Yonathan D. Redel, Peteh M. Nkebiwe, Rudolf Schulz, Torsten Müller
Abstract This study was conducted to investigate changes in P-fractions, bio-available P (CAL-P), citric acid extractable P, acid phosphatase activity and microbial biomass C and N during incubation of mature biogenic compost (MBC), immature biogenic compost (IBC) or immature sheep manure compost (ISC) not amended with P or amended with rock phosphate (RP, 7.6% P) or triple-superphosphate (TSP, 19
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Survival of Lab Grown Calonectria pseudonaviculata Microsclerotia During Small-Scale Composting Compost Sci. Util. (IF 1.188) Pub Date : 2019-01-02 Robert J. Harvey, Donald D. Davis, Nina Shishkoff, John Pecchia
Abstract Boxwood blight, caused by Calonectria pseudonaviculata, is a devastating fungal disease of Buxus spp., first observed in the United States in 2011. Due to the persistent nature of the produced microsclerotia, concern arose over the potential for compost to serve as a disease vector. Previous work demonstrated that C. pseudonaviculata is very stable at mesophilic temperatures, however, no previous
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Vermicompost and Manure Compost Reduce Water-Deficit Stress in Pot Marigold (Calendula officinalis L. cv. Candyman Orange) Compost Sci. Util. (IF 1.188) Pub Date : 2019-01-02 Ali Khosravi Shakib, Abdolhossein Rezaei Nejad, Azizollah Khandan Mirkohi, Sepideh Kalate Jari
Abstract This study was carried out to evaluate the impact of irrigation regime and potting media on morpho-physiological and biochemical characteristics of pot marigold. The experiment was arranged factorially based on a completely randomized design. The first factor was irrigation regime in three levels of 80, 60 and 40% available water content and the second factor was potting media in five levels
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Changes in Physical, Chemical, and Microbiological Properties During the Two-Stage Composting of Green Waste due to the Addition of β-cyclodextrin Compost Sci. Util. (IF 1.188) Pub Date : 2019-01-02 Lu Zhang, Xiangyang Sun
Abstract This research determined whether addition of β-cyclodextrin (β-CD; 0, 0.15, or 0.25%) improved the two-stage composting of green waste (GW). The following parameters were measured during composting or in the final product: moisture content; volume; biochemical and chemical oxygen demand; humic substances; C/Nsolid and C/Nsoluble; microbial numbers (culturable bacteria, actinomycetes, and fungi);
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Impact of Composting Food Waste with Green Waste on Greenhouse Gas Emissions from Compost Windrows Compost Sci. Util. (IF 1.188) Pub Date : 2019-01-02 Sequoia R. Williams, Xia Zhu-Barker, Stephanie Lew, Benjamin James Croze, Kenna R. Fallan, William R. Horwath
Abstract Windrow composting of green waste as an alternative to green waste disposal in landfills requires an understanding of the impacts on greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions and the development of effective and efficient management strategies to reduce these emissions. The addition of food waste to green waste compost operations is becoming more common, but its effect on GHG emissions is less understood
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Monitoring: Physic‐Chemical, Microbiological, and Phytotoxic Parameters of Mixed Oil Mill Waste and Green Waste Composts Moistened with Treated Urban Wastewater and Tap Water Compost Sci. Util. (IF 1.188) Pub Date : 2019-01-02 Dhouha Tangour, Hamouda Aichi, Nizar Yeddes, Amel Jrad, Malika Trabelsi‐Ayadi
Abstract In Tunisia, on‐site co‐composting of oil mill waste would overcome environmental issues and valorize renewable resources. The authors' goal was to determine the physic‐chemical and microbiological properties and nutrient supply characteristics of mixed oil mill waste and green waste compost. Two piles of the same raw materials (2/3 oil mill waste–1/3 green waste, w/w) were moistened with two
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Municipal Waste and Poultry Manure Compost Affect Biomass Production, Nitrate Reductase Activity and Heavy Metals in Tomato Plants Compost Sci. Util. (IF 1.188) Pub Date : 2018-12-24 Mina Aylaj, El Kbir Lhadi, Fabrizio Adani
Abstract Organic wastes can be usefully recovered to produce organic amendments, for example, compost, to be used for crop production, thus reducing impacts through efficient waste management. The aim of this work was to study the effects of compost obtained from municipal waste in combination with poultry manure on plant growth, nitrate reductase (NR) activity and absorption and distribution of heavy
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Genetic Analysis and In Vitro Enzymatic Determination of Bacterial Community in Compost Teas from Different Sources Compost Sci. Util. (IF 1.188) Pub Date : 2018-10-02 Fernando Diánez, Francisco Marín, Mila Santos, Francisco J. Gea, María J. Navarro, Maximino Piñeiro, Juan M. González
Abstract Compost tea has been used throughout the world to control diseases and promote the growth of plants. The microbial community is the main factor involved both in the antagonistic effect against relevant phytopathogens and as a stimulator of plant growth. The objective of this research is to determine the bacterial diversity present in four types of compost as well as some of the mechanisms
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Growth and fruit chemical characteristics of blackberry (Rubus fruticosus) cultivated with vermicompost, Glomus mosseae and phosphate rock Compost Sci. Util. (IF 1.188) Pub Date : 2018-10-02 Miguel Abud-Archila, María Celina Luján-Hidalgo, Jaeni Mibeth López-Pérez, Josué Ordaz-Rivera, Víctor Manuel Ruiz-Valdiviezo, María Ángela Oliva-Llaven, Federico Antonio Gutiérrez-Miceli
Abstract The aim of this investigation was to determine the effect of vermicompost (V) and phosphate rock (PR) on blackberry (Rubus fruticosus L. agg.) plants inoculated with Glomus mosseae (Nicol. & Gerd.) Gerdemann & Trappe (AMF). Plant growth parameters, total phenol compounds and total flavonoids were evaluated on leaves. Anthocyanin contents, soluble solids (SS), pH, titratable acidity (TA) and
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Compost Cation Exchange Capacity via Portable X-Ray Fluorescence (PXRF) Spectrometry Compost Sci. Util. (IF 1.188) Pub Date : 2018-10-02 Bin Li, Somsubhra Chakraborty, Maria Fernanda Godoy Sosa, Nana Yaw O. Kusi, David C. Weindorf
Abstract Compost is a valuable organic amendment which affords substantive fertility to soils where applied. A common component of compost fertility is cation exchange capacity (CEC), which has traditionally been determined via standard wet chemistry laboratory methods. This research utilized portable X-ray fluorescence (PXRF) spectrometry to evaluate 74 compost samples from the USA and Canada. PXRF
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Effect of Vermicompost Tea on Faba Bean Growth and Yield Compost Sci. Util. (IF 1.188) Pub Date : 2018-10-02 Wissem Chaichi, Zahreddine Djazouli, Bachar Zebib, Othmane Merah
Abstract This study investigated the effect of vermicompost tea (VCT) as a natural foliar fertilizer in faba bean. To determine the effect of VCT at different doses on the growth and reproduction of faba bean, VCT was produced and three different concentrations (0, 10, and 20% VCT) were applied as a foliar fertilizer to faba bean plants. Plant height, number of flowers, and pods per plant as well as