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Effect of Acidithiobacillus thiooxidans inoculation on the chemical properties of saline compost Compost Sci. Util. (IF 0.969) Pub Date : 2021-01-15 Anaité Dafne Vaca-Velasco; Anidia Blanco-Jarvio; María Jesús Ferarra-Guerrero; Gilberto Vela-Correa; Fidel Payán-Zelaya
Abstract Bacterial species of the genus Acidithiobacillus have been proved to reduce soil salinity, but their chemical impact on a saline compost has not been reported. This work is aimed to evaluate the effects of A. thiooxidans on the chemical properties of a saline compost formulation. When added to a microcosm under nonsterile conditions, a sulfur-supplemented A. thiooxidans inoculum lowered pH
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Performance of the Kraft Mill Biosolids Compost and Their Quality Evaluation Compost Sci. Util. (IF 0.969) Pub Date : 2020-11-20 M. E. Neubauer; J. P. Miranda; F. Ramírez; A. Esquerra; G. Vidal
Abstract The goal of this article is the evaluation of the compost quality from Kraft mill organic matter by germination Raphanus sativus and Lepidium sativum. The evaluation of compost was measured in terms of stability, maturity and phytotoxicity. Two compost piles were elaborated, one with a ratio of C/N = 23.67 and the other with C/N = 18.67. Each pile was divided into 2 sections, pile 1 (compost
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Soluble Salts in Compost and Their Effects on Soil and Plants: A Review Compost Sci. Util. (IF 0.969) Pub Date : 2020-08-19 Matthew Gondek; David C. Weindorf; Carmen Thiel; Greg Kleinheinz
Abstract The chemical, physical, and biological conditions of soil and growing media can be substantively improved by the addition of compost. Compost contains many plant essential nutrients (e.g. N, P, and K) and can also be a source of organic matter. However, concerns persist over composts with a high concentration of soluble salts and their effects on soil fertility, plant growth, and yields. Soluble
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Alleviation of Adverse Effects of Sodium on Soil Physicochemical Properties by Application of Vermicompost Compost Sci. Util. (IF 0.969) Pub Date : 2020-07-20 Zeynep Demir
The objective of this study was to examine the influence of vermicompost (VC) as a soil conditioner in alleviating adverse effects of sodium in Na salt-effected soils. Therefore, the role of VC for reducing the adverse effects of Na salt on physicochemical properties of soil was investigated. Experiments were conducted with different doses of VC (0, 2.5 and 5% VC (w/w) and three different Na salt levels
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Thermal Conductivity of Olive Cake Compost (OCC) as Affected by Moisture and Density: An Experimental and Mathematical Modeling Compost Sci. Util. (IF 0.969) Pub Date : 2020-05-22 Adnan I. Khdair; Ghaida Abu-Rumman; Sawasn I. Khdair
The behaviors of bioactive compounds treating gaseous pollutants in biofilters and in the compost used as soil amendment and in green roof buildings are controlled by their thermal properties. There is a lack of information on thermal conductivity of olive cake compost (OCC), K as affected by water content and bulk density. Thermal conductivities (K) of 40 samples of (OCC) were determined experimentally
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Comparing and Modeling the Thermal Inactivation of Bacteriophages as Pathogenic Viruses Surrogates in Chicken Litter Compost Compost Sci. Util. (IF 0.969) Pub Date : 2020-05-22 Hongye Wang; William Bridges; Zhao Chen; Chao Gong; Xiuping Jiang
The aim of this study was to compare and model the thermal inactivation of bacteriophages as surrogates for pathogenic viruses, such as avian influenza virus, in chicken litter compost. Three bacteriophages [ø6, MS2, and Felix O1 (FO)] were inoculated separately into aged chicken litter compost with various moisture contents (MCs), and then exposed to 75 and 85 °C for up to 3 h. The bacteriophage ø6
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Evaluation of Fresh Mushroom Compost in a Field Corn Production System Compost Sci. Util. (IF 0.969) Pub Date : 2020-05-22 Phillip S. Coles; Galina Nogin; Michael Fidanza; Greg Roth
Commercial mushroom producers are continually looking for new substrate raw material sources and pathways to dispose of mushroom compost (formerly called “spent mushroom substrate”) after crop completion. A relatively new material used in the mushroom industry is corn stover, but supplies are somewhat limited. Corn farmers are often reluctant to remove stover from fields because of nutrient loss and
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The Organic Degradation and Potential Microbial Function in a 15-Day Sewage Sludge Biodrying Compost Sci. Util. (IF 0.969) Pub Date : 2020-05-07 Yang-Yan Wang; Sheng-Wei Zheng; Ding Gao; Lu Cai
To meet the challenge of increased sludge generation, shortening of biodrying periods are required. This study assesses a shortened sewage sludge biodrying period of 15 days. The fundamental physicochemical properties of samples from different phases were determined, the functional groups were identified using infrared spectroscopy and the biodrying associated microbial functions were annotated against
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Exhaust Gas Concentrations and Elemental Losses from a Composting Drum Treating Horse Manure Compost Sci. Util. (IF 0.969) Pub Date : 2020-04-30 Anne-Kristin Løes; Roger Khalil; Kirsty McKinnon
A farm scale composting drum was used to study exhaust gases from horse manure, and from horse manure mixed with tomato plant residues (TPR) with a lower C/N ratio. To study whether this addition increased gaseous losses of nitrogen (N) and sulphur (S), selected gas compounds of carbon (C) and N, and sulphur dioxide (SO2), were measured on three dates by Fourier Transform Infrared spectroscopy (FTIR)
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Labile Carbon Affects Fecundity of Omodeoscolex divergens and Eudrilus eugeniae under Pure and Mixed Culture Vermicomposting Compost Sci. Util. (IF 0.969) Pub Date : 2020-03-10 Micah Martin; Gaius Eudoxie; Gregory Gouveia
Detergent fiber analysis was used to fractionate carbon (C) into hemicellulose (degradable carbon) and cellulose and lignin (recalcitrant carbon) for cattle manure (CM), neem leaves (NL), corn stover (CS), and lawn clipping (LC) to investigate the effects of C quality on vermicomposting. A factorial design having five C sources (CM, CM + NL, CS, CS + NL, and LC) and two earthworm species (Eudrilus
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Utilization of Bio-Municipal Solid Waste Improves Saline-Sodic Soils and Crop Productivity in Rice-Wheat Compost Sci. Util. (IF 0.969) Pub Date : 2020-02-26 Gohar Zaman; Behzad Murtaza; Muhammad Imran; Muhammad Shahid; Ghulam Mustafa Shah; Muhammad Amjad; Muhammad Asif Naeem; Muhammad Mubeen; Ghulam Murtaza
Solid waste management and soil degradation are the two main issues faced by the developing countries. The present study is the first effort to use bio-municipal solid waste (MSW) for the amelioration of saline-sodic soils of Pakistan. A pot experiment was conducted to evaluate the effects of MSW, farm yard manure (FM) and gypsum application on nitrate leaching, soil physicochemical characteristics
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A Comparative Study of the Reproductive and the Vermicomposting Ability of Three Generations of Epigeic and Anecic Earthworms When Subjected to a Toxic Weed (Ipomoea) as the Sole Feed Compost Sci. Util. (IF 0.969) Pub Date : 2020-01-31 Shahid Abbas Abbasi; Pratiksha Patnaik; Tabassum- Abbasi; Channgam Khamrang; Tasneem Abbasi
Recent studies by these authors have shown that the toxic and allalopathic weed ipomoea (Ipomoea carnea), gets transformed into benign organic fertilizer when subjected to vermicomposting. To derive benefit from this finding, it is necessary that a process should be made available for uninterrupted and efficient conversion of ipomoea into vermicompost. The present study has been done toward development
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Carbon Accounting for Compost Use in Urban Areas Compost Sci. Util. (IF 0.969) Pub Date : 2020-01-28 Sally Brown; Ned Beecher
Developing biosolids-based composts or soil blends suitable for use in urban areas is increasingly common. End uses for compost vary and can include use as a soil conditioner for existing turf, to establish new turf, for tree planting, in urban agriculture, and for use along highway right-of-ways. The carbon benefits/costs of biosolids compost were modeled for King County, Washington. Soil carbon sequestration
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Optimizing Heat Extraction from Compost Compost Sci. Util. (IF 0.969) Pub Date : 2019-12-06 Kayode Nwanze; O. Grant Clark
The need for renewable sources of energy has fueled interest in harvesting the heat produced by composting. Pilot-scale compost reactors were built with in-vessel heat exchangers to test the effect of heat extraction on the composting process. Water was passed through copper tubes embedded in the compost-filled barrels and the temperatures of the compost and the inlet and outlet water were monitored
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Grape Fruit Waste Compost as a Nursery Substrate Ingredient for High-Quality Cucumber (Cucumis sativus L.) Seedlings Production Compost Sci. Util. (IF 0.969) Pub Date : 2019-11-13 Yousry A. Bayoumi; Ahmed S. El-Henawy; Khaled A. A. Abdelaal; Nevien Elhawat
Greenhouse experiments were conducted to evaluate the utilization of compost derived from grape fruit waste (GFW) as an ingredient in nursery substrates for germination and development of cucumber. A randomized complete block design was used with thirteen treatments (S1-S13) encompassing 100% composted GFW, 60% GFW + 40% poultry manure including hardwood sawdust, 80% GFW + 20% broad bean straw, 80%
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Spent Mushroom Compost of Pleurotus ostreatus: A Tool to Treat Soil Contaminated with Endosulfan Compost Sci. Util. (IF 0.969) Pub Date : 2019-11-13 Saima Sadiq; M. Mahmood-ul-Hassan; Nazia Rafiq; Karam Ahad
Composts especially spent mushroom composts (SMC) have been used for their ability to degrade toxic organic pollutants. Due to extreme toxicity, endosulfan (C9H6Cl6O3S) is categorized as a Category 1 pollutant by the U.S. EPA because of its well-reported carcinogenicity. This study was done to monitor the biodegradation potential of SMC against this pesticide. For this purpose, bioreactors (BRs) system