ABSTRACT The biochemical biomarkers (Catalase (CAT), glutathione s-transferase (GST), cytochrome P4501A1 (CYP1A1450) activities and glutathione (GSH), malondialdehyde (MDA) levels) of D. polymorpha exposed to the basic blue 41 (BB41) solutions for 24 and 96 h before and after the Fenton process (FTP) were evaluated to investigate the efficiency of the FTP. The optimum conditions for the removal of

ABSTRACT The nanoscale zero-valent iron (nZVI) coated with palygorskite (PAL) was synthesised and used to remediate the soil contaminated by heavy metals. X-ray diffraction (XRD) and scanning electron microscopy (SEM) indicated that a large number of nanoscale particles (had a grain size of 40–60 nm approximately) were distributed on the surface or pores of PAL homogeneously. The CaCl2 extraction and

ABSTRACT This work presents low-cost sorbent powder obtained from agro-waste of poultry eggshells for the adsorption of contaminants and was elucidated with transmission electron microscopy, Fourier transform infrared, scanning electron microscope, X-ray diffraction and N2 adsorption–desorption techniques. It was observed that a solution pH of 2.0 and 5.0 was enough for the maximum uptake of reactive

ABSTRACT In order to study the effects of FeCl2 modified corn residue biochar (Fe-MCB) on the bioavailability and chemical fractions of cadmium (Cd) in a contaminated calcareous soil, an experiment was conducted as a factorial in completely randomised design with three replications. This research investigated two factors: levels of Cd concentration (0, 15, and 30 mg kg−1) and type of biochar [control:

ABSTRACT In the view of studying humus formation in corn straw under the action of microorganism, three fungi (Trichoderma reesei, Trichoderma harzianum, Phanerochaete chrysosporium) were selected to compare the humification effects and structural changes of humic acid-like (HAL). The structural characteristics of HAL formed by fungi from corn straw were assessed by elemental, thermogravimetric analyzer

ABSTRACT The main objective of this study was to assess the quality of sediments collected from rivers in the Northeast of Algeria. A dual approach, including trace metals assessment as well as ecotoxicity tests (Microtox® solid and leachate phase assays), was conducted. Results showed that surface sediments were contaminated with Cd, Cu, Pb and Zn. By using sediment quality guidelines (SQGs) and potential

ABSTRACT Immobilisation is an effective technique in the remediation of heavy metals polluted soils. A laboratory experiment was conducted to clarify the kinetics of Zn and Cd release using citric, oxalic, acetic and tartaric acids and to evaluate the effectiveness of fish scale powder (FSP), chitin (CTN) and chitosan (CTS) in the immobilisation of these metals in a calcareous soil exposed to high

ABSTRACT In response to variation in abiotic factors and metal accumulation pattern in fish, current research tries to draw a chronological relationship between the annual profiles of oxidative stress markers. Rhinomugil corsula were collected twice a month over the course of an annual cycle from two separate locations. Fluctuations in concentrations of certain metals (lead, zinc, copper and cadmium)

ABSTRACT For effective management of sandy grasslands, it is important to determine whether adding P fertiliser is conducive to plant growth under global N deposition. We therefore carried out a field experiment in which N and P fertiliser was added to sandy grasslands. The results showed that, with increasing N addition (or N + P addition), the C, N and P concentrations in the leaves and roots and

ABSTRACT To investigate the community structures and heterotrophic nitrifying activities of culturable heterotrophic nitrifying bacteria (HNB) in activated sludge, two sludge samples, cultivated at aerobic (2.5–4.0 mg·L−1 dissolved oxygen) and microaerobic conditions (0.5–1.0 mg·L−1 dissolved oxygen) respectively, were analyzed by isolation, purification, sequencing, and phylogenetic analysis. Ultimately

ABSTRACT This study investigated the pollution, potential ecological risks, and possible sources of trace elements in Gobi soils of the northeastern Qinghai-Tibet Plateau. Contents of Hg in soils were below the detection limit. The average contents of the remaining trace elements in soils ranged from 0.21 (Cd) to 2360.82 (As) mg/kg. Multiple methods were used to evaluate the soil pollution of the study

ABSTRACT Copper is released into the aquatic environment as a consequence of anthropogenic activities such as mining and runoffs of copper-containing pesticides and fertilisers. This may pose a threat to the health of the organisms inhabiting coastal water bodies or estuaries. The present study was therefore carried out to assess the toxicity of environmentally relevant concentrations of copper in

ABSTRACT The present study aims to understand the water quality of four urban wetlands of Delhi-NCR (Sanjay lake, Okhla bird sanctuary, Indira Gandhi stadium lake and Bhalswa lake). Several surface water samples from these wetlands were studied in two seasons (winter and summer) for various physico-chemical properties (temperature, pH, dissolved oxygen, biological oxygen demand, chemical oxygen demand

ABSTRACT The biogeochemical effect of birds can influence the paedogenic processes in the Antarctica soils. The content of nutrients (phosphorus, potassium, nitrate and ammonium) and the total carbon and nitrogen contents in soils were determined at the nesting and feeding sites of flying and non-flying birds in the Fildes Peninsula (King George Island, West Antarctica). The results showed that the

ABSTRACT Total and sequentially extracted fractions (exchangeable, bound to carbonate, bound to iron and manganese oxides, bound to organic matter and residual) of eight heavy metals (Cu, Mn, Zn, Ni, Fe, Cr, Cd and Pb) were estimated in rhizosphere sediment along with their accumulation in roots and leaves of Phoenix paludosa plants at Dhamra estuary. The Cu, Mn, Zn, Ni, Fe, Cr, Cd and Pb content in

ABSTRACT Organophosphorus pesticides, one of the most extensively used organic chemicals to control several insect pests, making them threaten the aquatic creatures. Here, we analysed the response mechanism of Nitzschia palea to insecticides (acephate and trichlorfon) exposure, through physiological, biochemical, morphological changes and the removal ability. Results showed that the growth of N. palea

The study evaluated the effectiveness of an aquatic plant, Canna indica to remove 2,4,6-Trichlorophenol (TCP) from aqueous solution in a hydroponic set-up. The effects of TCP initial concentration (50–250 mg/L) and solution pH (4–9) on TCP biosorption were investigated. The removal efficiency increased with days and initial concentrations. The optimum removal was obtained at pH 4.0. The equilibrium

The concentration of toxic metals due to manmade activities in Tuticorin coastal zone in the surface water and sediment samples was estimated and summarised. Toxic metals such as Cd, Cu, Pb, and Zn were analysed trimonthly for a continuous period of one year from July 2014 to June 2015 consisting four seasons. The outcomes uncovered that higher concentration of metals was recorded throughout the mid-year

This study was conducted to investigate oxidative stress and physiological deficiencies from naphthalene toxicity on Moringa oleifera and adsorptive properties of silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) to alleviate the deficiencies. Naphthalene contents in soil and M. oleifera were quantified with gas chromatography coupled with flame ionisation detector (GC-FID). M. oleifera was planted on 0.35 mgNaph/g soil

The efficiency of Saccharomyces cerevisiae in the removal of heavy metals from effluents was tested using one real and four synthetics nickel-containing effluents. The removal of metal ions from synthetic effluents was studied as a function of pH, interaction time, nickel concentration and temperature. Characterisation of biosorption equilibrium was evaluated employing the Langmuir, Freundlich and

Understanding the processes crops use to detoxify heavy metals (HMs), are critical in crops production and environmental management. The role of organic acids (OAs) exudation as an external mechanism of corn plants to detoxify cadmium (Cd) toxicity was examined in a hydroponic experiment. Treatments consisted of four levels of Cd concentrations (0, 10, 25 and 40 µM) and four exposure time periods (2

This study investigated the influence of leonardite on coastal saline soil YX1 (very slightly saline), YX2 (slightly saline) and YX3(strongly saline) with 0/10/30/50 g/kg addition dosage during the 81-day incubation. Changes of pH, electrical conductivity, soil texture, micromorphology, functional groups and mineral constituents of soil were discussed. Results showed that the application of leonardite

The current investigation has attempted to investigate the adsorption pattern of a persistent organochlorine insecticide, Endosulfan via the standard batch equilibrium method. Results for the model application are expressed adsorption co-efficient Kd ranging from 0.7 to 10 µg/mL. Existence of physisorption was confirmed through an exothermic and low interaction between Endosulfan and soil samples are

The increasing concentration of nutrient compounds such as nitrogen and phosphorus in effluents causes eutrophication results in rapid growing algae that encouraged a simultaneously decrease in the amount of dissolved O2 and causes harmful effects on the aquatic ecosystem, which leads to the killing of fish, depletion of flora and fauna to water bodies. Nitrogen and Phosphorus work like a hazardous

ABSTRACT In this study, Egeria densa plants were exposed to a low concentration of (OD730 = 0.04) Microcystis aeruginosa for seven days, under different photosynthetically active radiation (PAR) intensities (0, 50, 100, 200, and 300 µmol m−2 s−1). Experiments were conducted under controlled conditions inside incubators. The H2O2 content, antioxidant responses, pigmentation, and chlorophyll fluorescence

Organophosphorus pesticides, one of the most extensively used organic chemicals to control several insect pests, making them threaten the aquatic creatures. Here, we analysed the response mechanism of Nitzschia palea to insecticides (acephate and trichlorfon) exposure, through physiological, biochemical, morphological changes and the removal ability. Results showed that the growth of N. palea was inhibited

Deltamethrin is a widely used pyrethroits worldwide. Although the chemical is used to combat insects, it has effects on other non-target organisms. Deltamethrin is extensively used in agriculture, animal husbandry, and domestic areas in the Lake Van basin. The aim of this study was to determine the cytotoxic, genotoxic, and oxidative damage from deltamethrin on the primary hepatocyte culture of Lake

Cr (VI) being used in various activities of industries and its improper treatment lead to contamination of environment. Among different methods, biological is the most efficient method to control pollution from soils affected with metals. Present study was designed to assess the role of Paenibacillus thiaminolyticus PS5 for adsorption, Cr (VI) reduction and mechanism of reduction. Sorption of chromium

The correlation between anthocyanins content and accumulation of zinc (Zn) in leaves of Zea mays was investigated and this was considered as a mode of assessing the intensity of Zn toxicity. Characterisation and quantification of leaf pigments were done in 45 d old maize plants exposed to different concentrations of Zn (0.0, 0.65, 1.30, 1.95 g Zn Kg−1 soil), and the enhancement in the accumulation

ABSTRACT A potent Cr (VI) resistant bacterial strain DHS-12(7) was isolated from tannery waste landfill site and identified as Bacillus sp. based on pheno- and genotypic methods. The maximum tolerable concentration (MTC) of Cr (VI) was found as 1000 and 250 ppm in nutrient-rich and minimal salt medium, respectively while significant variation of MTC and Cr (VI) reduction efficiency was observed in

ABSTRACT Vehicle emissions create corridors of increased carbon and nitrogen concentrations near highways that influence surrounding ecosystems. This study used the leaves of a variety of wild plant species and soil samples to examine the extent of total carbon (C) and total nitrogen (N) near highway M-2 and FSR in Punjab, Pakistan, in all four seasons of the year. Results showed significantly higher

ABSTRACT The condition of river water quality can be considered as a potential source of oxidative stress of river organisms. The objective of this study was to evaluate the activities of superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT) and the levels of malondialdehyde (MDA) in three genera of aquatic insects namely Chrironominae, Gomphus and Lestes collected from Karang Mumus River, Pampang River, and

ABSTRACT The leaf wax n-alkanes in modern ecosystems serve as proxies for assessing the ecologic and climatic conditions in soils, sediments and other geologic archives, and potentially as baselines for future ecological changes. In this study, the concentrations and distributions of long-chain (C25-C35) n-alkanes in fresh mature leaves, leaf litter fall, and surface soil (0-5 cm) from 0.4 ha, low

ABSTRACT Adsorption performances of heavy metal ions (Pb2+, Cu2+, Zn2+ and Cd2+) and the common co-ions of alkali and alkali earth metal ions (Mg2+, Ca2+ and K+) on phosphoric acid modified bagasse were investigated in single and multi-component systems, and selective removal of heavy metal ions from wastewater were studied under different sorbent dosage. Results showed that the maximum amount of Pb2+

ABSTRACT Immobilisation is among efficient strategies in the remediation of heavy metals, including chromium (Cr)-polluted soils. A greenhouse trial was conducted to investigate the effectiveness of chitosan- and hematite-modified biochar and bacterial inoculations on the immobilisation of Cr in polluted soil under maize cultivation. Application of modified biochars and inoculation with Pseudomonas

ABSTRACT This paper intends to provide the reader with an overview of the Special Issue (SI) on ABBaCo project, an extensive research project aimed to characterise the environmental quality and a possible remediation and restoration strategy of the marine area impacted by the Bagnoli industrial site. The main focus of this SI is to provide an up-to-date and comprehensive overview of the physical environment

In this study, we present the results of a very high-resolution bathymetric survey carried out offshore the dismissed industrial site of Bagnoli (Pozzuoli Bay, Gulf of Naples). The bathymetric maps and the thematic representation produced, allowed for detailed characterisation of the seabed lineaments and features. Seafloor bedforms and morphological features can be observed at a very high resolution

We present a new seafloor sedimentological map of Bagnoli-Coroglio SIN (Sites of National Interest) in the Gulf of Pozzuoli (Napoli), Italy, based on the analysis of the acoustic backscatter, calibrated with grain size distribution of sampled surficial marine deposits. Geophysical and ground-truthing (geological) data were acquired during a series of marine surveys designed for a seafloor characterisation

Bagnoli-Coroglio is a Site of National Interest (SNI) facing the Pozzuoli Bay that has been the place of an industrial activity for more than a century (1854-1985). The modern coastal geology of this area results from the recent evolution of an antecedent volcanic landscape that originated after a caldera collapse following the eruption of Neapolitan Yellow Tuff (NYT) of Campi Flegrei (15 ka). After

We adopted a combined geophysical-stratigraphic approach to identify grain size anomalies in sediment distribution of the Bagnoli coastal brownfield site. A large industrial plant occupied this area during most of the 20th Century. We used 18 core logs to identify macroscopic variation in sediment stratigraphy, and 72 supplemental cores to mark changes between sandy- and silt-dominated intervals. The

We present the results of a sedimentological and mineralogical study conducted on 305 marine sediment samples (32 seafloor grab samples and 273 subsea floor samples from 91 vibrocores) collected in the marine area of the eastern Pozzuoli Bay, offshore the area of Bagnoli, that has been the site of heavy industrial activity for more than a century. The coastal (onland-offshore) area of Bagnoli–Coroglio

Hydrographic and current measurements collected within the ABBaCo project during 3 basin-scale surveys in two different seasons and high-resolution regional ocean modelling data provide, for the first time, an assessment of the physical and dynamical oceanography inside the small but important Bagnoli-Coroglio Bay within the Gulf of Naples (Tyrrhenian Sea). Temperature and salinity distributions indicate

This paper reports the results of an integrated atmospheric and wave run-up forecasting system, validated with in situ measured data, for the coastal site of Bagnoli, inside the Gulf of Pozzuoli, in the Thyrrenian Sea. A modelling chain consisting of Weather Research and Forecasting model, Wave Watch 3 model and a run-up calculator was used to obtain the R u 2 % levels on the beach of Bagnoli, in the

In order to determine the degree of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon pollution, a biomonitoring study was conducted using honey as a bioindicator. Bees are good bioindicators of environmental pollution, either via the presence of toxic molecules in their bodies or via the presence of residues in their products. In this study we investigated 10 honey samples collected from polluted and unpolluted areas

Cr (VI) being used in various activities of industries and its improper treatment lead to contamination of environment. Among different methods, biological is the most efficient method to control pollution from soils affected with metals. Present study was designed to assess the role of Paenibacillus thiaminolyticus PS5 for adsorption, Cr (VI) reduction and mechanism of reduction. Sorption of chromium

We hypothesised that at higher densities herbivorous rotifers through their allelochemicals affect the survival and reproduction of cladocerans. To test this, we separately cultured three rotifers (Brachionus calyciflorus, Brachionus havanaensis, and Plationus patulus) and three cladocerans (Ceriodaphnia dubia, Daphnia pulex, and Moina macrocopa). Chlorella vulgaris was used as food and reconstituted

(2020). Grafting increases cadmium accumulation in the post-grafting generations of the potential cadmium-hyperaccumulator Solanum photeinocarpum. Chemistry and Ecology: Vol. 36, No. 7, pp. 685-704.

Phenanthrene is a toxic and mutagenic pollutant that can cause severe environmental and human health issues. The bioremediation of these polyaromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) is possible with a biosurfactant by enhancing hydrophobicity. In this study, the production of a biosurfactant by Bacillus pumilus 1529 and its effects on the phenanthrene biodegradation pathway were examined. Biosurfactant production

Pharmaceutical compounds are considered emerging environmental pollutants that have a potential harmful impact on environment and human health. In this study, the spiky green horse-chestnut shell was used for the biosorption and removal of acetaminophen from aqueous solution. It was analysed how the parameters, like contact time, pH, mass of biosorbent and temperature, influence the effectiveness of

In this study, the real herbicide wastewater was degraded by electrocatalysis oxidation followed by subsequent biological treatment. The influence of several process variables of electrocatalysis oxidation, such as current density, pH and electrode gap on chemical oxygen demand (COD) removal ratio, was investigated and the optimum conditions were determined. The results indicated that COD removal ratio

This study deals with the elimination of hexavalent chromium from simulated solution using Acacia auriculiformis shells and its different modified forms as potent biosorbents. The raw plant biomass (RAA) was modified with sulphuric acid and named as sulphuric acid-activated carbon (SAA) and was further complexed with a chelating reagent ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid (SAAC) to further modify its sorption

Deicing salt runoff is a cause of freshwater salinisation in many regions. Studies in uplands indicate that soil properties affect storage and movement across the landscape of salt and dissolved organic carbon (DOC). Wetlands have unique soil properties, act as buffers between uplands and aquatic ecosystems, and are major sources of DOC to surface waters, yet less is known about these dynamics in wetlands

Field investigation and laboratory experiments were conducted to study the Pb and Cd tolerance mechanism of Bellamya aeruginosa from the Xiangjiang River. B. aeruginosa were collected from the middle reaches of the Xiangjiang River, and their Pb and Cd accumulation and subcellular distribution, as well as the related ecological risks, were analysed. Results showed significant differences between Pb

Zooplankton are an important link between trophic levels in aquatic ecosystems, and their response to organic carbon is likely to have broad implications for lake food webs. The main objective of the research was to determine variations in zooplankton communities against the background of the structural heterogeneity of the lake and to link the observed patterns to the organic carbon content of the

Zinc pyrithione (ZnPT) and copper pyrithione (CuPT) are widely used antifouling booster biocides in the shipping industry as a replacement for the banned tributyltin (TBT). Sub-lethal effects of zinc pyrithione (ZnPT; 10 μg L−1), copper pyrithione (CuPT; 10 μg L−1) and combined copper–zinc pyrithione (CZPT; 5 + 5 and 10 + 10 μg. L−1) to freshwater indicator mussel Unio crassus (5.49 ± 0.85 cm in size)

Natural polymer Moringa oleifera seed as coagulant and bentonite clay as adsorbent were used for preparing novel composite coagulant. Results obtained from FTIR, SEM, TEM and P-XRD show that the bentonite clay and M. oleifera seed biopolymers physico-chemically interact with each other during the preparation of clay-polymer composite. The FTIR results show that the major functional groups present in

This study investigated the potential influence of three organic ameliorators (peat, biochar and leonardite) on salts and nutrients in salt-affected soils during intermittent leaching. Results showed that nearly 90% of salt was removed from columns in the leaching process and sodium adsorption ratio (SAR) of the soil after leaching was reduced by 67.3% (control, CK), 62.9% (peat), 70.1% (biochar) and

The present study was performed to investigate surface sediment samples from Lake Edku of the Nile Delta Lagoons, Egypt. The Lake is important for fishing in the region. The importance of research is to understand the mobility and bioavailability of each studied metal. The study was carried out on 10 sampling sites during 2017. The sediments were subjected to the technique of sequential extraction

The study was aimed at the migration and transformation of lead compounds in the rhizosphere, its accumulation in plants under the influence of the rhizosphere bacteria. For experiment, soil samples of the technogenous ecosystem contaminated differently by lead have been selected for plant growing. The samples were subdivided into control soil and the soil, inoculated by Azotobacter and Bacillus rhizobacteria

The present research aimed to determine the lowest levels of three heavy metals (Pb, Cd and Cu) to which the larvae of Southern House Mosquito, Culex quinquefasciatus are susceptible in water. The study also aimed to investigate the effects of these heavy metals on the development of Cx. quinquefasciatus at concentrations set by Pakistan Environmental Protection Agency (Pak-EPA) as permissible levels