The accurate evaluation of the relationship between nature reserves and poverty is highly significant for the harmonious coexistence between human and nature. It is widely recognized that the establishment of nature reserves is of great importance to the income poverty of farmers, but less attention has been paid to the impact of different reserves on the multidimensional relative poverty of farmers

We introduce six steps to define a “Window of Tipping Point Analysis” which serves as a framework to increase the understanding of processes and tipping points in social-ecological systems. We apply the Window of Tipping Point Analysis to a mathematical model and two case studies (i.e., Baltic Sea and the Humboldt Current Upwelling system), focusing on three aspects. In “to tip or be tipped” we look

The purpose of this study is to understand how solutions from single- and multiobjective optimization for the conservation of multiple species are different and what impacts these differences. We identify optimal conservation investment allocations maximizing expected species' habitat ranges for multiple pairs of species using two approaches in the central and southern Appalachian region. We find that

We consider the problem of optimal harvesting of a renewable resource whose dynamics are governed by logistic growth and whose payoff is proportional to the harvest. We consider both the case of a finite and an infinite time horizon and analyse the structure of the optimal solutions and their dependence on the parameters of the model. We show that the optimal policy can only have one of three structures:

Using a fossil fuel extraction model that treats the atmosphere as a depletable resource, we study the optimal price of carbon in the presence of endogenous uncertainty around a climatic regime shift. We find that the optimal carbon tax should account an uncertainty-adjusted cost term associated with the environment's scarcity. This term is shown to be sensitive to the natural sequestration rate of

Models based on national forest inventory (NFI) data intend to project forests under management and policy scenarios. This study aimed at quantifying the influence of NFI sampling uncertainty on parameters and simulations of the demographic model MARGOT. Parameter variance–covariance structure was estimated from bootstrap sampling of NFI field plots. Parameter variances and distributions were further

Land use land cover (LULC) dynamics have long been recognized as a significant driver of natural resource change. As a result, understanding the spatial and temporal variation of LULC in the watershed is essential for effective natural resource management and long-term development. This study attempts to analyze the dynamics and change drivers from 1990 to 2020 and predict the situation for 2035 and

While considerable scientific uncertainties persist for mesopelagic ecosystems, the fishing industry has developed a great interest in commercial exploitation with improved technologies as part of their search for new sources of feed for fishmeal and fish oil for aquaculture, which will intensify with the planet's growing population. The multiple uncertainties surrounding the ecosystem structure and

Forestland can be managed for timber and environmental goods simultaneously. A conservation contract allows a government agency to pay a landowner for the portion of property rights encumbered in the production of environmental goods. In this study, a theoretical model is developed to examine optimal contract provisions for carbon sequestration on working forests under a budget constraint for the agency

We selected the Tanchong River in Hefei as the site to test the efficacy of graphene visible-light photocatalysis (GVLP), a new water treatment technology to improve water quality in black-odorous rivers in urban landscapes. A model coupling the hydrodynamic force and water quality of the Tanchong River was constructed using the MIKE11 model. The numerical simulation method was used to model the concentrations

We construct a generic ecosystem model that features the basic mechanisms of alternative stable states as well as two different stochastic influences. In particular, we use a mean-reverting jump-diffusion process to model the evolution of the ecosystem state over time. We review key concepts of multistability theory and the simple heuristics commonly employed to illustrate them. We then provide mathematical

The Global Environmental Multiscale Model (GEM) is currently in operational use for data assimilation and forecasting at 25–15 km scales; regional 10 km scales over North America; and 2.5 km scales over Canada. To evaluate the GEM model for forecasting applications in Iran, global daily temperature and precipitation outputs of GEM at a 25 km scale were compared to data sets from hydrometeorological

The 16 years of normalized difference vegetation index (NDVI) and precipitation data are used to analyze the time-lag effects of the growing-season NDVI response to precipitation at regional scales. This study focuses on the arid and semi-arid Hulunbuir grassland dominated by perennials in northeast China. The multi-month time-lag effects are examined using simple statistical approaches, which can

In this paper, we present a simple theoretical, steady-state equilibrium, predator-prey model for the joint management of marine mammals and a fish species. As an empirical case, we choose cod and grey seals in the Nordic-Baltic Sea countries, and several benefits and costs related to the latter are considered. We show that the optimal grey seal population is much lower than the actual population,

Motivated by the Feline immunodeficiency virus, the virus that causes AIDS in cat populations, we use discrete-time infectious disease models with demographic strong Allee effect to examine the impact of the fatal susceptible-infected (SI) infections on two different types of growth functions: Holling type III or modified Beverton–Holt per-capita growth function (compensatory density dependence), and

Due to the nature of the agricultural and food industry, the management of production, storage, transportation, waste disposal and environmental effects of their production, are of great importance. To deal with the sustainability issues linked to their supply chains, we propose in this study a mathematical model to design a sustainable supply chain of highly perishable agricultural product (strawberry)

Mixed-species groups are usually explained by foraging advantages and reduced predation risk for at least one of the participating species. Given that animals trade-off foraging and vigilance, the optimal level of vigilance of individuals in mixed-species groups depends partly on the vigilance levels of both conspecifics and heterospecifics. However, the benefits and costs of being part of a mixed-species

In this article, a nonlinear mathematical model is constructed to investigate the conservation of depleted forest resources due to the increase of population and associated pressures. Fundamental equations governing the dynamics of the system are defined by the set of highly nonlinear ordinary differential equations and solved numerically. The model is analyzed by using the nature of stability analysis

Green Infrastructure Development (GID) is a well-known method for dealing with runoff control and mitigating the urbanization effects on hydrological cycles. Other than hydrological factors, GID is obviously intertwined with many socioeconomic, environmental, and aesthetic considerations, constraints, and drivers. Human perceptions are valuable resources to distinguish these considerations and can

Overextraction of groundwater reduces groundwater height, increases the energy cost, and may threaten an aquifer's economic life. Water-intensive crops, corn, and soybean, dominate the agricultural land in the Mississippi River Alluvial Aquifer (MRAA) region of the United States, thus stressing this confined aquifer. Groundwater conservation policy or the adoption of efficient irrigation technology

Environmental temperature and body size influence the life cycle of the species, with consequences for population size. In addition, it has been reported that increased temperature can lead to a decrease in body size. In the context of a resource-stock, whose abundance is diminished by the action of an endothermic predator and also by small-scale fishing activity, we analysed a Schaefer-type fishery

In this study, we address the problem of fitting a mathematical model to the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)/acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS) data. We present a quantitative analysis of the formulated mathematical model by using Bayesian inference. The mathematical model consists of a suitable simple system of ordinary differential equations. We perform a local and global sensitivity analysis

In natural resource management, or more generally in the study of sustainability issues, the objective often consists of maintaining the state of a given system within a desirable configuration, typically established in terms of standards or thresholds. For instance, in fisheries management, the procedure for designing policies may include maintaining the spawning stock biomass over a precautionary

Depletion and deforestation of forest resources are mainly due to industrialization, population, pollution, forest fire, improper commercial logging, and illegal logging in the world. In this paper, we consider two dynamic models. A mathematical Model 1 is proposed considering the forest biomass density , the density of wood-based industries with unknown parameter . Model 2 is an extension of Model

Historical patterns of the Eastern Baltic cod stock recruitment show a shift from a regime with high reproductive potential before the early 1980s to a regime with low reproductive potential since then. This shift can be attributed to increasingly unfavorable environmental conditions for cod reproduction at that time: critical salinity and oxygen levels, needed for successful egg and larval development

The coordination of economy, energy, and environment plays an important role for cities seeking green transformation and sustainable development. However, poor information and equivocal data are what often face the related analysis. In this paper, the correlation and synergy of the urban economy–energy–environment system are analyzed. First, the Grey relational analysis and entropy weight method are

Natural resource management and supporting research teams need computational fluency in the data and model-rich 21st century. Computational fluency describes the ability of practitioners and scientists to conduct research and represent natural systems within the computer's environment. Advancement in information synthesis for natural resource management requires more sophisticated computational approaches

Harvest plays an important role in management decisions, from fisheries to pest control. Discrete-time models enable us to explore the importance of timing of management decisions, including the order of events of particular actions. We derive novel mechanistic models featuring explicit within-season harvest timing and level. We explore optimization of within-season harvest level and timing through

Allelochemicals produced by plants may be ingested by herbivorous insects and transferred to higher trophic levels with potentially deleterious effects. We develop a system of differential equations to investigate the effect of the transfer of allelochemicals, such as nicotine, on the population dynamics of a system of hosts, parasitoids, and two competing hyperparasitoids that attack different life

In this paper, we have discussed harvesting of prey and intermediate predator species. Both are subjected to Holling type I–V functional response. Conditions for local and global stability of the nonnegative equilibria are verified. The permanent coexistence criterion of the model system and existence of optimal equilibrium solution of the control problem are demonstrated. Maximum sustainable yield

We model a stylized economy dependent on agriculture and fisheries to study optimal environmental policy in the face of interacting external effects of ocean acidification, global warming, and eutrophication. This allows us to capture some of the latest insights from research on ocean acidification. Using a static two-sector general equilibrium model we derive optimal rules for national taxes on emissions

During years of high sea surface temperature, food resources for glaucous-winged gulls (Larus glaucescens) are scarce. In response, male gulls cannibalize the eggs of neighbors. When this occurs, female gulls in dense areas of the colony adopt a tactic of egg-laying synchrony, in which they lay eggs synchronously on an every-other-day schedule. Field observations show that the first-laid egg of each

This study aims to present a process for hydrological model exploration for selecting an appropriate model compatible with the modeling objectives. The process consists of three stages: (1) initial choice based on the modeling objectives; (2) model selection based on intercomparison among underlying conceptualizations of the models; and (3) final model selection based on influencing criteria such as

This study analyzes the potentially differentiated impacts of actual and perceived tenure security on rural households' forestland transfer behavior. Logit and Tobit models were estimated using repeated survey data from 505 households in 50 villages of Jiangxi Province during 2017–2018. The results show that there is a great difference in the influence of actual and perceived tenure security on the

Can fed aquaculture growth alleviate overfishing and foster the conservation of wild fish stocks? To examine this question we present a stylized fishery model of trade in edible fish and fishmeal that incorporates both market linkages and biological (predator–prey) linkages between the aquaculture sector and capture fisheries. We study the effects of local aquaculture growth, as induced by an increase

Applying a theoretical geo-economic approach, we examined key factors affecting decisions about the choice of beach width when eroded coastal beaches are being nourished (i.e., when fill is placed to widen a beach). Within this geo-economic framework, optimal beach width is positively related to its values for hazard protection and recreation and negatively related to nourishment costs and the discount

Effective sample size accounts for the equivalent number of independent observations contained in a sample of correlated data. This notion has been widely studied in the context of univariate spatial variables. In that case, the effective sample size determines the reduction in the sample size due to the existing spatial correlation. In this paper, we generalize the methodology for multivariate spatial

Quantifying possible sources of uncertainty in simulations of hydrological extreme events is very important for better risk management in extreme situations and water resource planning. The main objective of this research work is to identify and address the role of input data quality and hydrological parameter sets, and uncertainty propagation in hydrological extremes estimation. This includes identifying

Marine fisheries are an important source of food supply and play an important economic role in many regions worldwide. However, due to aggressive fishing practices they are increasingly overexploited. Marine reserves have the potential to alleviate this problem and moreover, they also provide a physical area where an alternative economic activity can exist without being in conflict with fishing gear

Air pollution, especially the particulate matter (PM2.5) remains to be a severe problem for the environmental managers and researchers because it causes many respiratory diseases even casualties and huge economic losses. Therefore, it is significant to study the distribution characteristics of regional PM2.5 and analyze the mutual influence relationship between it and some influencing factors including

This paper develops an integrated framework for modeling payment for ecosystem services (PES) mechanisms that deliver multiple environmental services. Specifically, under a community‐led PES, forest conservation is promoted to deliver carbon and stream water benefits. The upstream community is paid for avoided fuelwood harvesting through a United Nations programme on reducing emissions from deforestation

Because fish stocks often straddle state, national, and international boundaries, there is a need to coordinate fishery management across jurisdictions. This is particularly important when the abundance or spatial distribution of the stock varies through time. This is best achieved when management objectives and strategies align, and there is coordinated decision‐making and catch accounting among jurisdictions

A two-phase Bayesian model is presented for updating risk assessments for locations susceptible to infection by exotic pathogens. Human transportation from previously infected regions to uninfected regions is the main dispersal mechanism. Information embedded in patterns within the transportation flow are exploited in the update process. We explore the sensitivity of the model's outputs to changes

We present a discrete-time predator–prey model in which the prey population is assumed to evolve in response to a toxicant. We incorporate frequency-dependent selection into the prey evolution, assuming that an individual's susceptibility to predation depends on both the trait it possesses and the traits of others in the population. When frequency-dependent selection is symmetric, we show that the

The fungal pathogen Pseudogymnoascus destructans (Pd) causes white-nose syndrome (WNS), an emerging disease that affects North American bat populations during hibernation. Pd has rapidly spread throughout much of the continent, leading to mass mortality and threatening extinction in several bat species. While previous studies have proposed treatment methods, little is known about the impact of metapopulation

Systems analysis and operations research have long been the tools to study the spatial and temporal relationships in forest resource management (as reviewed by Bettinger & Chung, 2004; Minas et al., 2012; Thompson et al., 2019; Toth, 2020). Those models are capable of reporting the tradeoffs between alternative management plans or policy choices. They also suggest optimal or suboptimal solutions as

We present a learning heuristic using dynamic programming (DP) formulations to address both spatial and temporal detail in multiobjective forest management planning. The problem is decomposed into smaller problems to avoid the curse of dimensionality associated with DP. The heuristic learns from multiple decomposed problem formulations to identify stands assigned the same management option regardless

This study aims to present an efficient methodology for land use optimization based on minimization of runoff and sediment and maximization of economic benefits, occupational opportunities, and land use suitability in the Tilabad watershed in northeast of Iran. The land use map of the area was prepared using the Landsat satellite images and field surveys. The amounts of runoff and sediment were estimated

Rainfall data series with adequate quality and length are often incomplete or nonexistent. Thus, filling in rainfall gaps becomes necessary to complete databases. This article proposes the use of satellite products (TRMM—Tropical Rainfall Measuring Mission, CHIRPS—Climate Hazards Group InfraRed Precipitation with Stations and CMORPH—CPC Morphing Technique) to fill gaps in the rainfall historical series

The increase in carbon dioxide (CO2) gas concentration in the atmosphere is primarily responsible for the threat of global warming. Forest is one of the prime sinks of CO2. The reduction in the global forest cover due to human activities has contributed significantly to the increase in CO2 levels. Reforestation and afforestation are avenues to control the atmospheric CO2 level; however, several demographic

When the article (Rahimzadeh et al., 2019) was first published online, in the abstract, line six, the unit of the number is wrong. It is appearing as 90 cm. It should be 90 m3/s. We apologize for this error.

The amount of ultimately recoverable resources and/or timing of peak production have been the central purpose of numerous studies. One broadly applied method is Hubbert modeling, subsequently extended as multicyclic Hubbert modeling. This paper explores a modification to conventional multicyclic Hubbert modeling that we term “cycle‐jumping” wherein the overlap of multiple curves is limited and explicitly

Contingency firelines can be used to back up primary lines to increase probability of fire containment, decrease fire losses, and improve firefighter safety. In this study, we classify firelines into primary, contingency, and response lines. We design a modeling process to iteratively implement a mixed integer programming model to evaluate contingency strategies under randomly generated fireline breaching

This study analyzes the influence mechanism of migration on farmers' forestland transfer behavior by using instrumental variable‐Probit and instrumental variable‐Tobit models based on survey data of 505 households in 50 villages in 10 sample counties in Jiangxi Province. The results show that the farmers' willingness to transfer forestland is generally not high, but there is a great difference in the

We investigate a nonautonomous predator–prey model system with a Crowley–Martin functional response. We perform rigorous mathematical analysis and obtain conditions for (a) global attractivity and permanence in the form of integrals which improve the traditional conditions obtained by using bounds of involved parameters; and (b) the existence of periodic solutions applying continuation theorem from

The passenger pigeon (Ectopistes migratorius) was an iconic species in eastern North America that was one of the most numerous birds in the world at the time of European colonization. Passenger pigeons went extinct in 1914 due to excessive hunting. Current research aims to de‐extinct the passenger pigeon and someday release the species into its historic range. To determine under which conditions a

Natural resource managers use barriers to deter the movement of aquatic invasive species. Research and development of new invasive species barriers is often evaluated in pond and field scales using high‐resolution telemetry data. Telemetry data sets can be a rich source of data about fish movement and behavior but can be difficult to analyze due to the size of these data sets as well as their irregular

The study of water quality and the quantification of reserves and their variations according to natural and anthropogenic forcing is necessary to establish an adequate management plan for groundwater resources. For this purpose, a modeling approach is a useful tool that allows, after calibration phase and verification of simulation, and under different scenarios of forcing and operational changes,

Regionalization approach is adopted to test the credibility of a newly developed, large‐scale, conceptual hydrological model, namely, satellite‐based hydrological model (SHM), under data‐scarce conditions. SHM has a modular structure. There are five modules: surface water module (SW), which uses natural resources conservation service‐curve number and Hargreaves equation; forest module (F), which uses