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Estimating the design flood under the influence of check dams by removing nonstationarity from the flood peak discharge series Hydrol. Res. (IF 2.012) Pub Date : 2020-12-01 Shi Li; Yi Qin; Yixiu Liu; Xiaoyu Song; Qiang Liu; Ziwen Li
The construction of check dams in northwestern China has resulted in nonstationary changes in flood peak discharge series; the stationary assumption of the conventional hydrological frequency analysis is no longer satisfied. According to the characteristics of the construction and operation of check dams, the nonstationarity of flood peak discharge series are largely induced by changes in the effective
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Theoretical derivation for the exceedance probability of corresponding flood volume of the equivalent frequency regional composition method in hydrology Hydrol. Res. (IF 2.012) Pub Date : 2020-12-01 Yixin Huang; Zhongmin Liang; Yiming Hu; Binquan Li; Jun Wang
The equivalent frequency regional composition (EFRC) method is an important and commonly used tool to determine the design flood regional composition at various sub-catchments in natural conditions. One of the cases in the EFRC method assumes that the exceedance probabilities of design flood volume at upstream and downstream sites are equal, and the corresponding flood volume at intermediate catchment
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System response curve correction method of runoff error for real-time flood forecast Hydrol. Res. (IF 2.012) Pub Date : 2020-12-01 Qian Li; Caisong Li; Huanfei Yu; Jinglin Qian; Linlin Hu; Hangjian Ge
Multiple factors including rainfall and underlying surface conditions make river basin real-time flood forecasting very challenging. It is often necessary to use real-time correction techniques to modify the forecasting results so that they reach satisfactory accuracy. There are many such techniques in use today; however, they tend to have weak physical conceptual basis, relatively short forecast periods
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Methods for calculating phreatic evaporation on bare grounds on rainy and dry days Hydrol. Res. (IF 2.012) Pub Date : 2020-12-01 Zhenlong Wang; Yingying Xu; Guoqiang Dong; Haishen Lv; Yue Fan; Yining Wang
In order to depict the impact of rainfall on phreatic evaporation, this study analyzes phreatic evaporation and the phreatic evaporation coefficient between surface evaporation and soil depth in Shajiang black soil and Fluyo-aquic soil. We have improved the existing commonly used mathematical framework, established two rainless day phreatic evaporation calculation models, and then calculated the calculation
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A high-resolution global runoff estimate based on GIS and an empirical runoff coefficient Hydrol. Res. (IF 2.012) Pub Date : 2020-12-01 Shumin Liang; Richard Greene
This paper reviews 110 years of global runoff estimation. By employing the method of ordinary least square regression on a sample region's runoff coefficient, an empirical formula of a runoff coefficient is calculated for China. Based on this empirical formula applied with a high-resolution grid of precipitation, runoff is calculated resulting in an equally high-resolution map of global runoff using
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Integrating storage and spatial variability into shallow groundwater balances: moving towards water security in hard rock coastal areas Hydrol. Res. (IF 2.012) Pub Date : 2020-12-01 Robert Earon; Bo Olofsson
In terrains with limited soil cover and groundwater storage, groundwater resource management is governed by the spatial nature of storage, recharge and distributed local extraction. Local soils act as important groundwater reservoirs for residents who have no other feasible water supply. A novel heuristic methodology is presented which accounts for the spatial distribution of storage and extraction
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Analyzing the conditional behavior of rainfall deficiency and groundwater level deficiency signatures by using copula functions Hydrol. Res. (IF 2.012) Pub Date : 2020-12-01 Mohammad Nazeri Tahroudi; Yousef Ramezani; Carlo De Michele; Rasoul Mirabbasi
The complex hydrological events such as storm, flood and drought are often characterized by a number of correlated random variables. Copulas can model the dependence structure independently of the marginal distribution functions and provide multivariate distributions with different margins and the dependence structure. In this study, the conditional behavior of two signatures was investigated by analyzing
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A bench-scale assessment of the effect of soil temperature on bare soil evaporation in winter Hydrol. Res. (IF 2.012) Pub Date : 2020-12-01 Peigui Liu; Yan Xia; Manting Shang
To quantitatively evaluate in the laboratory the effect of soil temperature on bare soil evaporation, this study uses two indoor soil columns and homogenized sand as an example to carry out the experimental study of soil temperature on bare soil evaporation in winter. The results show that the soil temperature directly affects the change in bare soil evaporation and that the effect decreases as the
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Using long short-term memory networks for river flow prediction Hydrol. Res. (IF 2.012) Pub Date : 2020-12-01 Wei Xu; Yanan Jiang; Xiaoli Zhang; Yi Li; Run Zhang; Guangtao Fu
Deep learning has made significant advances in methodologies and practical applications in recent years. However, there is a lack of understanding on how the long short-term memory (LSTM) networks perform in river flow prediction. This paper assesses the performance of LSTM networks to understand the impact of network structures and parameters on river flow predictions. Two river basins with different
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Probabilistic assessment of hydrologic retention performance of green roof considering aleatory and epistemic uncertainties Hydrol. Res. (IF 2.012) Pub Date : 2020-12-01 Lingwan You; Yeou-Koung Tung; Chulsang Yoo
Green roofs (GRs) are well known for source control of runoff quantity in sustainable urban stormwater management. By considering the inherent randomness of rainfall characteristics, this study derives the probability distribution of rainfall retention ratio and its statistical moments. The distribution function of can be used to establish a unique relationship between target retention ratio , achievable
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The linkage between box-counting and geomorphic fractal dimensions in the fractal structure of river networks: the junction angle Hydrol. Res. (IF 2.012) Pub Date : 2020-12-01 Xianmeng Meng; Pengju Zhang; Jing Li; Chuanming Ma; Dengfeng Liu
In the past, a great deal of research has been conducted to determine the fractal properties of river networks, and there are many kinds of methods calculating their fractal dimensions. In this paper, we compare two most common methods: one is geomorphic fractal dimension obtained from the bifurcation ratio and the stream length ratio, and the other is box-counting method. Firstly, synthetic fractal
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Building check dams systems to achieve water resource efficiency: modelling to maximize water and ecosystem conservation benefits Hydrol. Res. (IF 2.012) Pub Date : 2020-12-01 Yayu Gao; Xiaoyou Zhang; Xinmin Zhang; Duan Li; Min Yang; Hua Rongxiang; Jinhua Tian
Among the most widespread structures for successfully retaining water and checking erosion on the semi-arid portions of China's Loess Plateau, check dams retain silt at slower than projected rates, leading to flood control issues. Meanwhile, the shortage and the uneven distribution of time and space of water resources in semi-arid areas can easily cause droughts and floods, which seriously restricted
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Assessing the effects of four SUDS scenarios on combined sewer overflows in Oslo, Norway: evaluating the low-impact development module of the Mike Urban model Hydrol. Res. (IF 2.012) Pub Date : 2020-12-01 Ragni R. Hernes; Ashenafi S. Gragne; Elhadi M. H. Abdalla; Bent C. Braskerud; Knut Alfredsen; Tone M. Muthanna
Paved surfaces, increased precipitation intensities in addition to limited capacity in the sewer systems, cause a higher risk of combined sewer overflows (CSOs). Sustainable drainage systems (SUDS) offer an alternative approach to mitigate CSO by managing the stormwater locally. Seven SUDS scenarios, developed based on the concept of effective impervious area reduction, have been implemented in the
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Comparison of parametric and non-parametric methods for trend identification in groundwater levels in Sirjan plain aquifer, Iran Hydrol. Res. (IF 2.012) Pub Date : 2020-12-01 Rasoul Mirabbasi; Farshad Ahmadi; Deepak Jhajharia
In the present study, five parametric and non-parametric methods: linear regression (LR), conventional Mann–Kendall (MK), modified Mann–Kendall (MMK), Spearman's Rho (SR) and Innovative Trend Method (ITM) were used to identify trends in the groundwater levels of 60 piezometers distributed uniformly across Sirjan plain, Iran, from 2005 to 2018. The LR method was found to be affected by the presence
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Influences of riverbed siltation on redox zonation during bank filtration: a case study of Liao River, Northeast China Hydrol. Res. (IF 2.012) Pub Date : 2020-12-01 Jiamei Wang; Yumeng Yan; Jing Bai; Xiaosi Su
The upper part of riverbed sediment is one of the key interfaces between surface water and groundwater, and biogeochemical process in this interface has a profound influence on the chemistry of infiltrated water. The lithology and permeability of bed sediment is mainly controlled by variation in river hydrodynamic conditions. However, there have been few studies of the effect of riverbed siltation
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Evaluation of recharge areas of Arusha Aquifer, Northern Tanzania: application of water isotope tracers Hydrol. Res. (IF 2.012) Pub Date : 2020-12-01 Innocent Lugodisha; Hans C. Komakech; Shinji Nakaya; Ryogo Takada; Junichi Yoshitani; Jun Yasumoto
In Arusha urban, northern Tanzania, groundwater contributes about 80% of the water supply. However, elevated fluoride levels and evidence of anthropogenic pollution have been reported in the groundwater around Mount Meru which is a water source for Arusha urban. This study aims at understanding the recharge areas and flow pathways of groundwater in what has been a poorly monitored area. The study uses
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Groundwater recharge in the oasis-desert areas of northern Tarim Basin, Northwest China Hydrol. Res. (IF 2.012) Pub Date : 2020-12-01 Weihua Wang; Yaning Chen; Wanrui Wang
Groundwater is an important source for maintaining desert ecological processes in arid areas. With the increasing intensity of climate change and human activities, the rivers in Tarim Basin are severely dried-up. Aiming at the dried-up river, vegetation degradation and oasis maintenance in the middle and lower reaches of dried-up river basin, groundwater recharge and groundwater-surface water interaction
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Quantifying effects of urban land-use patterns on flood regimes for a typical urbanized basin in eastern China Hydrol. Res. (IF 2.012) Pub Date : 2020-12-01 Mingming Song; Jianyun Zhang; Guodong Bian; Jie Wang; Guoqing Wang
Artificial adjustment and urbanization are key factors of global change and have significant influences on hydrological processes. This study focuses on the effects of urban land-use patterns on flood regimes in a typical urbanized basin in eastern China. Comprehensive assessments of urban land-use patterns were implemented on three levels: total imperviousness area (TIA) magnitude, landscape configuration
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Modeling the spatio-temporal flow dynamics of groundwater-surface water interactions of the Lake Tana Basin, Upper Blue Nile, Ethiopia Hydrol. Res. (IF 2.012) Pub Date : 2020-12-01 Tibebe B. Tigabu; Paul D. Wagner; Georg Hörmann; Nicola Fohrer
The Ethiopian government has selected Lake Tana basin as a development corridor due to its water resources potential. However, combined use of groundwater (GW) and surface water (SW) is still inadequate due to knowledge gaps about the flow dynamics of GW and SW. Mostly, there is no information about groundwater use. Therefore, this study aims to investigate the dynamics of GW-SW interactions on a spatio-temporal
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Rainfall–streamflow relationships for three chalk escarpment springs (Oxfordshire, United Kingdom): effective rainfall and groundwater recharge area computational issues Hydrol. Res. (IF 2.012) Pub Date : 2020-12-01 Ian G. Littlewood
Flow responses to rainfall are investigated for three small chalk springs located within about 30 km of each other. A high degree of synchronicity is shown for the spring hydrographs, which exhibit a lag of about 50 days relative to a much larger local reference catchment. Rainfall–streamflow models with six or fewer parameters, calibrated using free-to-download software, account for about 75% of the
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An improved routing algorithm for a large-scale distributed hydrological model with consideration of underlying surface impact Hydrol. Res. (IF 2.012) Pub Date : 2020-10-01 Jingjing Li; Haoyuan Zhao; Jun Zhang; Hua Chen; Chong-Yu Xu; Lu Li; Jie Chen; Shenglian Guo
Large-scale hydrological models are important tools for simulating the hydrological effect of climate change. As an indispensable part of the application of distributed hydrological models, large-scale flow routing methods can simulate not only the discharge at the outlet but also the temporal and spatial distribution of flow. The aggregated network-response function (NRF), as a scale-independent routing
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Identification of regional water security issues in China, using a novel water security comprehensive evaluation model Hydrol. Res. (IF 2.012) Pub Date : 2020-10-01 Jiping Yao; Guoqiang Wang; Baolin Xue; Gang Xie; Yanbo Peng
In order to solve regional water security issues, such as shortage of water resources, the aggravation of water pollution, the destruction of the ecological environment, etc., this study proposed the flood control security index, resource security index and ecological security index, respectively, according to the construction principle of human development index. Based on the above security indexes
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Copula-based drought severity-area-frequency curve and its uncertainty, a case study of Heihe River basin, China Hydrol. Res. (IF 2.012) Pub Date : 2020-10-01 Zhanling Li; Quanxi Shao; Qingyun Tian; Louie Zhang
Copulas are appropriate tools in drought frequency analysis. However, uncertainties originating from copulas in such frequency analysis have not received significant consideration. This study aims to develop a drought severity-areal extent-frequency (SAF) curve with copula theory and to evaluate the uncertainties in the curve. Three uncertainty sources are considered: different copula functions, copula
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Effects of antecedent soil water content on infiltration and erosion processes on loessial slopes under simulated rainfall Hydrol. Res. (IF 2.012) Pub Date : 2020-10-01 Lan Ma; Junyou Li; Jingjing Liu
Soil texture and antecedent soil water content (ASWC) are primary factors governing hillslope hydrological and erosion processes. We used simulated rainfall to investigate the runoff and erosion processes on sloped plots with three loessial soils and analyzed the effects of soil texture and ASWC on the hydrological processes. The results demonstrated that the average infiltration rate decreased with
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Assessment of hydrological drought based on nonstationary runoff data Hydrol. Res. (IF 2.012) Pub Date : 2020-10-01 Xueli Sun; Zhanling Li; Qingyun Tian
A nonstationary standardized runoff index (NSRI) is proposed by using the GAMLSS framework to assess the hydrological drought under nonstationary conditions. The definition of the NSRI is similar to that of SRI, but using a nonstationary Gamma distribution by incorporating meteorological variables and antecedent runoff as covariates to describe the characteristics of runoff series. The new drought
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Spatiotemporal distributions and ecological risk assessment of pharmaceuticals and personal care products in groundwater in North China Hydrol. Res. (IF 2.012) Pub Date : 2020-10-01 Jin Wu; Jingchao Liu; Zenghui Pan; Boxin Wang; Dasheng Zhang
The contamination of surface water by pharmaceuticals and personal care products (PPCPs) has attracted widespread attention, but data regarding their impacts on groundwater (GW) are sparse. In river–GW interaction areas, rivers are likely an important source of PPCPs in aquifers, especially rivers impacted by sewage treatment plant effluent. Understanding the characterization, transport, and risk is
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Impacts of bias nonstationarity of climate model outputs on hydrological simulations Hydrol. Res. (IF 2.012) Pub Date : 2020-10-01 Yu Hui; Yuni Xu; Jie Chen; Chong-Yu Xu; Hua Chen
Bias correction methods are based on the assumption of bias stationarity of climate model outputs. However, this assumption may not be valid, because of the natural climate variability. This study investigates the impacts of bias nonstationarity of climate models simulated precipitation and temperature on hydrological climate change impact studies. The bias nonstationarity is determined as the range
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Drought prediction models driven by meteorological and remote sensing data in Guanzhong Area, China Hydrol. Res. (IF 2.012) Pub Date : 2020-10-01 Jianzhu Li; Siyao Zhang; Lingmei Huang; Ting Zhang; Ping Feng
Drought is an important factor that limits economic and social development due to its frequent occurrence and profound influence. Therefore, it is of great significance to make accurate predictions of drought for early warning and disaster alleviation. In this paper, SPEI-1 was confirmed to classify drought grades in the Guanzhong Area, and the autoregressive integrated moving average (ARIMA), random
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The influences of sponge city construction on spring discharge in Jinan city of China Hydrol. Res. (IF 2.012) Pub Date : 2020-10-01 Kangning Sun; Litang Hu; Xiaomeng Liu
In recent years, intense human activities have threatened to dry up the well-known karst springs in Jinan, China. Sponge city construction program was one of the measures aiming to improve the recharge to groundwater and also protect sources of spring discharge. An influence study of sponge city construction on groundwater is necessary while not fully evaluated. In this paper, a three-dimensional numerical
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Quantification of climate change and land cover/use transition impacts on runoff variations in the upper Hailar Basin, NE China Hydrol. Res. (IF 2.012) Pub Date : 2020-10-01 Yuhui Yan; Baolin Xue; Yinglan A; Wenchao Sun; Hanwen Zhang
Quantification of runoff change is vital for water resources management, especially in arid or semiarid areas. This study used the Soil and Water Assessment Tool (SWAT) distributed hydrological model to simulate runoff in the upper reaches of the Hailar Basin (NE China) and to analyze quantitatively the impacts of climate change and land-use change on runoff by setting different scenarios. Two periods
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Analysis for spatial-temporal matching pattern between water and land resources in Central Asia Hydrol. Res. (IF 2.012) Pub Date : 2020-10-01 Ying Zhang; Zhengxiao Yan; Jinxi Song; Anlei Wei; Haotian Sun; Dandong Cheng
Central Asia, the pioneering place of the ‘Belt and Road’, is under the threat of prominent water issues. Based on the Gini coefficient model and the matching index, the amount of the total renewable water resources and the cultivated land area were introduced to evaluate the matching pattern between the water and land resources in Central Asia. The water problem of Kazakhstan, being the most prominent
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Different runoff patterns determined by stable isotopes and multi-time runoff responses to precipitation in a seasonal frost area: a case study in the Songhua River basin, northeast China Hydrol. Res. (IF 2.012) Pub Date : 2020-10-01 Jie Li; Wei Dai; Yang Sun; Yihui Li; Guoqiang Wang; Yuanzheng Zhai
Runoff patterns are crucial to determine the hydrological response to climate change, especially in a seasonal frost area. In this study, multi-time runoff responses to meteoric precipitation for the period from July 2014 to June 2016 and the period from 1955 to 2010 were obtained to identify different runoff patterns in the Songhua River basin, northeast China, based on six stations. Two distinctly
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Water balance changes in response to climate change in the upper Hailar River Basin, China Hydrol. Res. (IF 2.012) Pub Date : 2020-10-01 Junfang Liu; Baolin Xue; Yinglan A; Wenchao Sun; Qingchun Guo
Projected climate change will have a profound effect on the hydrological balance of river basins globally. Studying water balance modification under changing climate conditions is significant for future river basin management, especially in certain arid and semiarid areas. In this study, we evaluated water balance changes (1981–2011) in the upper Hailar River Basin on the Mongolian Plateau. To evaluate
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The spatial pattern of periphytic algae communities and its corresponding mechanism to environmental variables in the Weihe River Basin, China Hydrol. Res. (IF 2.012) Pub Date : 2020-10-01 Yixin Liu; Jiaxu Fu; Dandong Cheng; Qidong Lin; Ping Su; Xinxin Wang; Haotian Sun
Periphytic algae is a useful indicator of aquatic ecological conditions. We investigated the periphytic algae on natural substrate and the environmental variables at 44 sites on three river systems in the Weihe River Basin (WRB). A total of 84 species are identified, representing 37 genera. The most common genera were Navicula, Oscillatoria, Nitzschia, Scenedesmus, Cymbell, and Fragilaria. One-way
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Spatiotemporal variation and tendency analysis on rainfall erosivity in the Loess Plateau of China Hydrol. Res. (IF 2.012) Pub Date : 2020-10-01 Yongsheng Cui; Chengzhong Pan; Chunlei Liu; Mingjie Luo; Yahui Guo
Rainfall erosivity is an important factor to be considered when predicting soil erosion. Precipitation data for 1971–2010 from 39 stations located in the Loess Plateau of China were collected to calculate the spatiotemporal variability of rainfall erosivity, and the long-term tendency of the erosivity was predicted using data from the HadGEM2-ES model. Statistical analyses were done using Mann–Kendall
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Potential impact of water transfer policy implementation on lake eutrophication on the Shandong Peninsula: a difference-in-differences approach Hydrol. Res. (IF 2.012) Pub Date : 2020-10-01 Jia He; Jiping Yao; Aihua Li; Zhongxin Tan; Gang Xie; Huijian Shi; Xuan Zhang; Wenchao Sun; Peng Du
Traditional research on lake eutrophication has failed to consider the effect of the South-to-North Water Transfer Project (SNWTP) policy; thus, the difference-in-differences (DID) model, which is usually applied to economic factors, was innovatively introduced to evaluate the effect of such policies on lake eutrophication. Nansi Lake and Dongping Lake in the Shandong Peninsula were selected as the
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Succession of phytoplankton in a shallow lake under the alternating influence of runoff and reverse water transfer Hydrol. Res. (IF 2.012) Pub Date : 2020-10-01 Qing Li; Guoqiang Wang; Zhongxin Tan; Hongqi Wang
Both runoff and water diversion can interfere with the physical and chemical environment of a lake and affect aquatic organisms. In this study, previously obtained data were used to analyze the phytoplankton community, water quality, water level, and temperature in Dongping Lake (DPH) before, during, and after the water diversion caused by the South-to-North Water Transfer Project. The results showed
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A framework for event-based flood scaling analysis by hydrological modeling in data-scarce regions Hydrol. Res. (IF 2.012) Pub Date : 2020-10-01 Jianzhu Li; Kun Lei; Ting Zhang; Wei Zhong; Aiqing Kang; Qiushuang Ma; Ping Feng
Flood scaling theory is important for flood predictions in data-scarce regions but is often applied to quantile-based floods that have no physical mechanisms. In this study, we propose a framework for flood prediction in data-scarce regions by event-based flood scaling. After analyzing the factors controlling the flood scaling, flood events are first simulated by a hydrological model with different
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Response of redox zonation to recharge in a riverbank filtration system: a case study of the Second Songhua river, NE China Hydrol. Res. (IF 2.012) Pub Date : 2020-10-01 Xiaosi Su; Yaoxuan Chen; Hang Lyu; Yakun Shi; Yuyu Wan; Yiwu Zhang
Bank filtration induced by groundwater pumping results in redox zonation along the groundwater flow path. Besides the river water, recharge from other sources can change local redox conditions; therefore, redox zonation is likely to be complex within the riverbank filtration (RBF) system. In this study, hydrodynamics, hydrogeochemistry, and environmental stable isotopes were combined together to identify
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Coincidence probability of streamflow in water resources area, water receiving area and impacted area: implications for water supply risk and potential impact of water transfer Hydrol. Res. (IF 2.012) Pub Date : 2020-10-01 Xingchen Wei; Hongbo Zhang; Vijay P. Singh; Chiheng Dang; Shuting Shao; Yanrui Wu
Under changing environment, the feasibility and potential impact of an inter-basin water transfer project can be evaluated by employing the coincidence probability of runoff in water sources area (WSA), water receiving area (WRA), and the downstream impacted area (DIA). Using the Han River to Wei River Water Transfer Project (HWWTP) in China as an example, this paper computed the coincidence probability
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The exploration of a Temporal Convolutional Network combined with Encoder-Decoder framework for runoff forecasting Hydrol. Res. (IF 2.012) Pub Date : 2020-10-01 Kangling Lin; Sheng Sheng; Yanlai Zhou; Feng Liu; Zhiyu Li; Hua Chen; Chong-Yu Xu; Jie Chen; Shenglian Guo
The Temporal Convolutional Network (TCN) and TCN combined with the Encoder-Decoder architecture (TCN-ED) are proposed to forecast runoff in this study. Both models are trained and tested using the hourly data in the Jianxi basin, China. The results indicate that the forecast horizon has a great impact on the forecast ability, and the concentration time of the basin is a critical threshold to the effective
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Impact of urbanization on variability of annual and flood season precipitation in a typical city of North China Hydrol. Res. (IF 2.012) Pub Date : 2020-10-01 Peijun Li; Depeng Zuo; Zongxue Xu; Xiaoxi Gao; Dingzhi Peng; Guangyuan Kan; Wenchao Sun; Bo Pang; Hong Yang
Urbanization plays an important role in a global change, but there are few studies that combine land use with topography and precipitation. The urbanization in Jinan, a typical city of North China, between the 1980s and 2005 was analyzed by transition matrix analysis, and the topographic effects on land use changes were explored considering altitude, slope, and aspect. The temporal trends and abrupt
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Effect of initial plant density on modeling accuracy of the revised sparse Gash model: a case study of Pinus tabuliformis plantations in northern China Hydrol. Res. (IF 2.012) Pub Date : 2020-10-01 Yiran Li; Xiaohua Liu; Chuanjie Zhang; Zedong Li; Ye Zhao; Yong Niu
An accurate quantitative description of interception is necessary to understand regional water circulation. The revised sparse Gash model (RSGM) is currently used to estimate interception loss. Previous studies have proven that changes in initial plant density, which are caused by thinning, affect the accuracy of RSGM; however, the direct effect of initial density on modeling accuracy remains poorly
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Entropy weight method coupled with an improved DRASTIC model to evaluate the special vulnerability of groundwater in Songnen Plain, Northeastern China Hydrol. Res. (IF 2.012) Pub Date : 2020-10-01 Bin Wang; Yanguo Teng; Huiqun Wang; Rui Zuo; Yuanzheng Zhai; Weifeng Yue; Jie Yang
The Songnen Plain in Northeast China is the only remaining black soil agricultural area in the world and is an important food base for China. The groundwater resources in this area are abundant, but human activities have caused them polluted. This paper established a groundwater vulnerability assessment to characterize the influence of human activities which used an entropy weight method. The index
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A field investigation on rill development and flow hydrodynamics under different upslope inflow and slope gradient conditions Hydrol. Res. (IF 2.012) Pub Date : 2020-10-01 Pei Tian; Chengzhong Pan; Xinyi Xu; Tieniu Wu; Tiantian Yang; Lujun Zhang
Few studies focus on the quantitative impact of upslope inflow rate and slope gradient on rill development and erosion processes. Field plot experiments under varying inflow rates (6–36 L min−1m−1) and slope gradients (26, 42 and 57%) were conducted to address this issue. The results showed soil loss rates significantly demonstrated temporal variability in relevance to the rill developing process.
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Comparison of spatial interpolation methods for the estimation of precipitation patterns at different time scales to improve the accuracy of discharge simulations Hydrol. Res. (IF 2.012) Pub Date : 2020-08-01 Dedi Liu; Qin Zhao; Dezhi Fu; Shenglian Guo; Pan Liu; Yujie Zeng
Interpolating precipitation data is of prime importance to hydrological design, modeling, and water resource management. Various models have been developed that estimate spatial precipitation patterns. The purpose of this study is to analyze different precipitation interpolation schemes at different time scales in order to improve the accuracy of discharge simulations. The study was carried out in
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Effect of ENSO-based upstream water withdrawals for irrigation on downstream water withdrawals Hydrol. Res. (IF 2.012) Pub Date : 2020-08-01 Laljeet Sangha; Jasmeet Lamba; Hemendra Kumar
In the Southeast US, El Niño Southern Oscillation (ENSO), climate variability phenomena affect the quantity of water that is available for irrigation. The goals of this study were to determine the effect of upstream surface water withdrawals for irrigation on the quantity of water available for irrigation in downstream areas as a function of the ENSO phase and quantify the watershed area that can be
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Applicability of urban streets as temporary open floodways Hydrol. Res. (IF 2.012) Pub Date : 2020-08-01 Thea Ingeborg Skrede; Tone Merete Muthanna; Knut Alfredesen
Climate change coupled with urbanization and its increasing impervious surfaces have caused major challenges for the water sector worldwide. In Norway, an ageing infrastructure with already insufficient drainage capacities results in large amounts of runoff during high-intensity rainfall events causing frequent floods in urban areas. Due to limited available space to handle the future projected increase
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Assessing the runoff retention of extensive green roofs using runoff coefficients and curve numbers and the impacts of substrate moisture Hydrol. Res. (IF 2.012) Pub Date : 2020-08-01 Wen Liu; Qi Feng; Weiping Chen; Wei Wei
In this study, rainfall-runoff data of four green roofs with varying structural configurations under dry and wet substrates were analyzed to acquire the effective estimation for Runoff Coefficient (Cv) and Curve Number (CN) parameters. Results showed that for the dry and wet substrates, averaged runoff retention of vegetated green roofs varied from 34.7 to 48.5% and from 14.7 to 30.6%, that for bare
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Random forest predictive model development with uncertainty analysis capability for the estimation of evapotranspiration in an arid oasis region Hydrol. Res. (IF 2.012) Pub Date : 2020-08-01 Min Wu; Qi Feng; Xiaohu Wen; Ravinesh C. Deo; Zhenliang Yin; Linshan Yang; Danrui Sheng
The study evaluates the potential utility of the random forest (RF) predictive model used to simulate daily reference evapotranspiration (ET0) in two stations located in the arid oasis area of northwestern China. To construct an accurate RF-based predictive model, ET0 is estimated by an appropriate combination of model inputs comprising maximum air temperature (Tmax), minimum air temperature (Tmin)
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Multivariate groundwater drought analysis using copulas Hydrol. Res. (IF 2.012) Pub Date : 2020-08-01 Bahram Saghafian; Hamid Sanginabadi
Drought characteristics are among major inputs in the planning and management of water resources. Although numerous studies on probabilistic aspects of meteorological drought characteristics and their joint distribution functions have been reported, multivariate analysis of groundwater (GW) drought is rarely available. In this paper, while proposing a framework for statistical analysis of disturbed
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A varying comprehensive hydropower coefficient for medium/long-term operation of a single reservoir Hydrol. Res. (IF 2.012) Pub Date : 2020-08-01 Wenting Gong; Pan Liu; Lei Cheng; He Li; Zhikai Yang
In medium/long-term reservoir operation, the hydropower output is calculated from k × q × h, where q is the power discharge, h is the water head, and k is the comprehensive hydropower coefficient. k indicates the conversion efficiency from water power to electricity, however, it is standard practice to use a constant k. We developed a novel method to derive the varying k based on observed big data
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Changes in extreme rainfall and its implications for design rainfall using a Bayesian quantile regression approach Hydrol. Res. (IF 2.012) Pub Date : 2020-08-01 Sumiya Uranchimeg; Hyun-Han Kwon; Byungsik Kim; Tae-Woong Kim
This study aims to explore possible distributional changes in annual daily maximum rainfalls (ADMRs) over South Korea using a Bayesian multiple non-crossing quantile regression model. The distributional changes in the ADMRs are grouped into nine categories, focusing on changes in the location and scale parameters of the probability distribution. We identified seven categories for a distributional change
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The effects of shallow saline groundwater on evaporation, soil moisture, and temperature distribution in the presence of straw mulch Hydrol. Res. (IF 2.012) Pub Date : 2020-08-01 Ashkan Yusefi; Ahmad Farrokhian Firouzi; Milad Aminzadeh
Mitigating evaporative water loss from terrestrial surfaces is of central importance to water resources management in arid and semi-arid regions. This study was intended to experimentally address the effect of straw mulch layer on soil evaporation and temperature distribution in the presence of shallow saline groundwater. A factorial-based experiment with a completely randomized design was carried
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Occurrence and flow systems of the anticline-controlled thermal groundwater near Chongqing in eastern Sichuan Basin of China Hydrol. Res. (IF 2.012) Pub Date : 2020-08-01 Mingming Ta; Xun Zhou; Yanqiu Xu; Yuan Wang; Juan Guo; Xinyun Wang
A review and assessment of earlier studies shows that the thermal groundwater near Chongqing in the eastern Sichuan Basin of China has a unique occurrence called the ‘basin-anticline outcropping’ type. Its occurrence and emergence are strongly controlled by the nearly north–south trending anticlines. The basin-anticline outcropping type groundwater is similar to that of the basin type but also has
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São Paulo drought: trends in streamflow and their relationship to climate and human-induced change in Cantareira watershed, Southeast Brazil Hydrol. Res. (IF 2.012) Pub Date : 2020-08-01 Gabriela Nicoleti de Freitas
The 2013–2015 drought in the Metropolitan Region of São Paulo exposed the lack of resilience of the regional water supply system, highly dependent on the Cantareira reservoirs. In this paper, inflows to each of the four main Cantareira reservoirs are tested for systematic change. Persistent trends in streamflow, rainfall, temperature and evapotranspiration are first evaluated. Streamflow was also tested
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Impact of rural depopulation and climate change on vegetation, runoff and sediment load in the Gan River basin, China Hydrol. Res. (IF 2.012) Pub Date : 2020-08-01 Lidong Huang; Aizhong Ye; Chongjun Tang; Qingyun Duan; Yahai Zhang
Climate change and rural depopulation are changing the ecological and hydrological cycles in China. Data on the normalized difference vegetation index (NDVI), temperature, precipitation, streamflow, sediment and rural population are available for the Gan River basin from 1981 to 2017. We investigated the spatio-temporal variations in climate, human activity and vegetation mainly using the Mann–Kendall
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Selection of CMIP5 general circulation model outputs of precipitation for peninsular Malaysia Hydrol. Res. (IF 2.012) Pub Date : 2020-08-01 Saleem A. Salman; Mohamed Salem Nashwan; Tarmizi Ismail; Shamsuddin Shahid
Reduction of uncertainty in climate change projections is a major challenge in impact assessment and adaptation planning. General circulation models (GCMs) along with projection scenarios are the major sources of uncertainty in climate change projections. Therefore, the selection of appropriate GCMs for a region can significantly reduce uncertainty in climate projections. In this study, 20 GCMs were
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Metal contamination assessment in water column and surface sediments of a warm monomictic man-made lake: Sabalan Dam Reservoir, Iran Hydrol. Res. (IF 2.012) Pub Date : 2020-08-01 Saber Aradpour; Roohollah Noori; Qiuhong Tang; Rabin Bhattarai; Farhad Hooshyaripor; Majid Hosseinzadeh; Ali Torabi Haghighi; Björn Klöve
In this study, metal concentrations in the water column and surface sediment of the Sabalan Dam Reservoir (SDR) were determined. Moreover, heavy metal pollution index (HPI), contamination index (CI), heavy metal evaluation index (HEI), enrichment factor (EF), geo-accumulation index (Igeo), sediment quality guidelines (SQGs), consensus-based SQGs (C-BSQGs), and mean probable effect concentration quotients
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Wind impacts on suspended sediment transport in the largest freshwater lake of China Hydrol. Res. (IF 2.012) Pub Date : 2020-08-01 Hua Wang; John Paul Kaisam; Dongfang Liang; Yanqing Deng; Yuhan Shen
Poyang Lake, the largest freshwater lake in China, is distinguished by complicated suspended sediment (SS) dynamics. Apart from lake currents, wind is an important form of natural disturbance in driving SS transport. Combining field data, laboratory experiments, and numerical simulations, we gained valuable insight into wind impacts on SS dynamics in Poyang Lake. (1) Lake current patterns exert great
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