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Caridoid crustaceans from the Ballagan Formation (Tournaisian, Lower Carboniferous) of Willie's Hole, Chirnside, Scottish Borders, UK Earth Environ. Sci. Trans. R. Soc. Edinb. (IF 1.2) Pub Date : 2024-03-08 Neil D. L. CLARK, Andrew J. ROSS
The descriptions of two co-occurring cardioid crustaceans from the Ballagan Formation (Tournaisian, Lower Carboniferous) of Chirnside, Scottish Borders, help to resolve the taxonomy of the genus Tealliocaris. Tealliocaris robusta Peach, 1908 is assigned to Schramocaris to form S. robusta (Peach, 1908) comb. nov. on the basis of morphological characters such as the rugosity and position of the branchial
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Dinocephalosaurus orientalis Li, 2003: a remarkable marine archosauromorph from the Middle Triassic of southwestern China Earth Environ. Sci. Trans. R. Soc. Edinb. (IF 1.2) Pub Date : 2024-02-23 Stephan N.F. SPIEKMAN, Wei WANG, Lijun ZHAO, Olivier RIEPPEL, Nicholas C. FRASER, Chun LI
The non-archosauriform archosauromorph Dinocephalosaurus orientalis was first described from the Upper Member of the Guanling Formation (late Anisian, Middle Triassic) of Guizhou Province by Li in 2003 on the basis of a complete articulated skull and the first three cervical vertebrae exposed in dorsal to right lateral view. Since then, additional specimens have been discovered in southwestern China
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Descriptive anatomy and three-dimensional reconstruction of the skull of the tetrapod Eoherpeton watsoni Panchen, 1975 from the Carboniferous of Scotland Earth Environ. Sci. Trans. R. Soc. Edinb. (IF 1.2) Pub Date : 2024-02-02 Laura B. PORRO, Elizabeth MARTIN-SILVERSTONE, Emily J. RAYFIELD
The early tetrapod Eoherpeton watsoni is known from the mid- to late Carboniferous (late Viséan to Namurian, approximately 346–313 Ma) of Scotland. The holotype is made up of a nearly complete but crushed skull with postcranial fragments. The skull anatomy of Eoherpeton was first described over 40 years ago; however, many details are obscured due to deformation of the specimen, including internal bone
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Integrated photogrammetry, lava geochemistry and palynological re-evaluation of the early evolution of the topographically constrained Mull Lava Field, Scotland Earth Environ. Sci. Trans. R. Soc. Edinb. (IF 1.2) Pub Date : 2024-01-29 David W. JOLLEY, John MILLETT, Malcolm HOLE, Jessica PUGSLEY
Photogrammetry was used to elucidate complex strata relationships between isolated outcrops of the Palaeocene lava fields of SW Mull, part of the North Atlantic Igneous Province. Subsequent sampling for lava geochemistry and palynology was undertaken based on interpretation of these photogrammetry models. Coherent units of Plateau- and Staffa-type lavas were identified using lava geochemistry, in particular
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A simple analytical approach to calculate the kinetic thermal evaporation parameters of extractable crude oil from shale Earth Environ. Sci. Trans. R. Soc. Edinb. (IF 1.2) Pub Date : 2023-10-16 Yiwei WANG, Zixiang WANG, Xudong CHEN, Kankan CHEN
The kinetic characteristics of crude oil pyrolysis experiments form the basis for quantitative analysis of shale oil content in Rock-Eval pyrolysis experiments. To study the thermal evaporation kinetics of crude oil in shale, pyrolysis experiments of whole source rock sample and post-extracted sample were carried out on Rock-Eval 6 with the heating rates of 5, 15 and 25°C min−1, respectively. The thermal
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3rd Palaeontological Virtual Congress: palaeontology in the virtual era Earth Environ. Sci. Trans. R. Soc. Edinb. (IF 1.2) Pub Date : 2023-09-14 Vicente D. CRESPO, María RÍOS, Fernando A. MARTÍN ARNAL, Arturo GAMONAL, Penélope CRUZADO-CABALLERO, Javier GONZÁLEZ-DIONIS, Evangelos VLACHOS, Rosalía GUERRERO-ARENAS, Alba SÁNCHEZ-GARCÍA
After the success of the first two editions of the Palaeontological Virtual Congress in 2019 (first PVC) and 2021 (second PVC; Crespo & Manzanares 2019; Crespo & Citton 2021), we have decided to try to replicate the success with a third meeting of the PVC (Fig. 1). The appearance of new applications and technological advances has played a crucial role in paving the way for enhanced avenues of effective
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Predator–prey interactions based on drillholes: A case study of turritelline gastropods from the Pleistocene Szekou Formation of Taiwan Earth Environ. Sci. Trans. R. Soc. Edinb. (IF 1.2) Pub Date : 2023-09-08 Ammu S. SENAN, Chia-Hsin HSU, Shih-Wei LEE, Lo-Yu CHANG, Li-Chun TSENG, Adiël A. KLOMPMAKER, Jih-Pai LIN
Drillholes on shells provide a useful way to investigate prey and predator relationships. The current study documents predator–prey interactions exemplified by a faunal assemblage of the fossil gastropod Turritella cingulifera from the Pleistocene Szekou Formation in Hengchun Peninsula, Taiwan. All recognisable skeletal and shell fragments that are larger than 3 mm in size were collected and recorded
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The first neotropical ground beetle (Coleoptera, Carabidae) from the Eocene of Ukraine: finding the first Old World ant nest beetle related to Eohomopterus in the Rovno amber Earth Environ. Sci. Trans. R. Soc. Edinb. (IF 1.2) Pub Date : 2023-08-04 Marina KIRICHENKO-BABKO, Evgeny E. PERKOVSKY
The first record of the tribe Paussini Latreille is reported based on a specimen from late Eocene Rovno amber. It is the first known close relative of the genus Eohomopterus (subtribe Carabidomemnina) in the Old World. The recent and Neogene distribution of Eohomopterus is Neotropical, with extant representatives in Ecuador, Brazil and the West Indies, and extinct species in Dominican and Mexican amber
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First carnivorous fungus from Santonian Taimyr amber Earth Environ. Sci. Trans. R. Soc. Edinb. (IF 1.2) Pub Date : 2023-06-13 Maryna M. SUKHOMLYN, Evgeny E. PERKOVSKY
Mycelium from the Yantardakh Lagerstätte (Santonian of Taimyr) is reported. Its hyphae are arranged mostly parallel, weakly branched and septated. The clamp connections indicate the Basidiomycota affinity. Two types of outgrowths are formed on the mycelium, located perpendicular to the parent hypha: the former rather long and common; and the latter are short peg-shaped, formed with a lower frequency
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Byronids and similar tubular fossils from the Devonian of the Barrandian area (Czech Republic) Earth Environ. Sci. Trans. R. Soc. Edinb. (IF 1.2) Pub Date : 2023-05-29 Michal MERGL, Petr KRAFT
Byronids are problematic fossils of possible cnidarian affinity, only rarely reported from the Devonian, but never previously studied in the Barrandian area, Czech Republic. Two new species Prestephanoscyphus branzovensis sp. nov. and Prestephanoscyphus robustus sp. nov. are erected from the Lochkovian and the Eifelian, respectively. Four poorly known species referred to Byronia are described in open
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Palaeo-climate and -topography of the continental orogen: Theoretical inversion with initial oxygen isotopes of ancient meteoric water Earth Environ. Sci. Trans. R. Soc. Edinb. (IF 1.2) Pub Date : 2023-04-13 Chun-Sheng WEI, Zi-Fu ZHAO
Ancient environments have been mostly reconstructed with exogenous records, yet the potential constraints from endogenous archives were less emphasised. It has been well known that the outer- and inner-spheres of the planetary Earth are naturally linked and/or interplayed each other among geospheres. As stable isotopes of the meteoric water are globally dependent upon precipitating environments, rocks
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New record of cold-adapted fauna on the Castilian Plateau: Woolly rhinoceros – Coelodonta antiquitatis (Blumenbach, 1799) – at La Mina (Burgos, Spain) Earth Environ. Sci. Trans. R. Soc. Edinb. (IF 1.2) Pub Date : 2023-03-30 Diego ARCEREDILLO, Carlos DÍEZ FERNÁNDEZ-LOMANA, Jesús Francisco JORDÁ PARDO
La Mina is one of three sites, along with Cueva Millán and La Ermita, located in the middle course of the Arlanza river. La Mina was excavated for the first time in 2006 and three test pits were carried out. In one of them, evidence of two Palaeolithic occupations was identified and several remains of woolly rhinoceros were recovered. Amino acid racemisation dating yielded an age of 52.5 ka BP, the
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Proposal of the colour pattern reconstruction of basal cervids Earth Environ. Sci. Trans. R. Soc. Edinb. (IF 1.2) Pub Date : 2023-03-02 Jesús GAMARRA, Kelly A. VEGA-PAGÁN, Juan José RODRÍGUEZ-ALBA, Sergio PÉREZ GONZÁLEZ, Omid FESHARAKI
Methodologies that analyse the colouration and external appearance of extant species are very useful tools when facing one of the greatest challenges in the palaeoartistic reconstructions of extinct fauna: inferring the colour patterns. Earlier works have applied this methodology, for example, in the reconstruction of the Miocene bovid Tethytragus, proving that the maximum likelihood (ML) analysis
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Characterising the cave bear Ursus spelaeus Rosenmüller by ZooMS: a review of peptide mass fingerprinting markers Earth Environ. Sci. Trans. R. Soc. Edinb. (IF 1.2) Pub Date : 2023-02-27 Ana GARCÍA-VÁZQUEZ, Ana Cristina PINTO-LLONA, Julià MAROTO, Trinidad TORRES, Aurora GRANDAL-D'ANGLADE
In the last decade, the identification of bone fragments by peptide mass fingerprinting or zooarchaeology by mass spectrometry is developing as a powerful tool in Quaternary palaeontology. The sequence of amino acids that make up the bone collagen molecule shows slight variations between taxa, which can be studied by mass spectrometry for taxonomic purposes. This requires reference databases that allow
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An Early Cretaceous sponge meadow from the Neuquén Basin, west-central Argentina: unsuspected hosts of a dynamic sclerobiont community Earth Environ. Sci. Trans. R. Soc. Edinb. (IF 1.2) Pub Date : 2023-02-23 Leticia LUCI, Ricardo M. GARBEROGLIO, Agustina G. TOSCANO, Darío G. LAZO, Cecilia S. CATALDO, María B. AGUIRRE-URRETA
Sponges, especially Calcarea, are minor components of benthic associations, especially during the Mesozoic. In the Lower Cretaceous of the Neuquén Basin, small calcareous sponges have been found building a small monospecific meadow. It is restricted to a marlstone lens-shaped bed in a quiet outer-ramp setting in the Cerro Marucho Locality (Picún Leufú depocentre), above a shell bed of small exogyrid
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Body plan of Dickinsonia, the oldest mobile animals Earth Environ. Sci. Trans. R. Soc. Edinb. (IF 1.2) Pub Date : 2023-02-23 Andrey Yu IVANTSOV, Maria ZAKREVSKAYA
Materials collected on the territory of the southeastern White Sea area, including diversely preserved body imprints, combined body-trace fossils, specimens with signs of intravital damage and regeneration, and extended ontogenetic series, make it possible to significantly widen the data on the body plan and biology of Dickinsonia, the oldest known mobile animal, included in the Late Precambrian taxon
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The first Late Permian fish fossils from Leszczyna quarry in South-West Poland Earth Environ. Sci. Trans. R. Soc. Edinb. (IF 1.2) Pub Date : 2023-02-23 Darja DANKINA, Andrej SPIRIDONOV, Paweł RACZYŃSKI, Sigitas RADZEVIČIUS, Mateusz ANTCZAK
Permian fishes and their isolated microremains are known from many localities in the Zechstein Basin. However, up to date the vertebrates have never been revealed in the southeasternmost part of this ancient sea. The new material consists of euselachian-type dermal denticles,?Listracanthus sp. dermal denticle,?Omanoselache sp. tooth, actinopterygian scales and actinopterygian teeth. Here, the detailed
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The end of Late Glacial in north-eastern Iberia: the small mammal assemblage from Cudó cave (Mont-Ral, Tarragona) Earth Environ. Sci. Trans. R. Soc. Edinb. (IF 1.2) Pub Date : 2023-02-01 Dama Q. ARJANTO, Mónica FERNÁNDEZ-GARCÍA, Juan Manuel LÓPEZ-GARCÍA, Josep Maria VERGÈS
One of the markers of the Late Pleistocene is highly fluctuating climatic conditions, with the Last Glacial Maximum (LGM, 26.5–19 ka cal before present (BP)) known to be one of the coldest periods. This work explores how the environment of north-eastern Iberia changed in relation to global climatic changes experienced during the Late Pleistocene, specifically around the LGM. Small mammal assemblages
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Tooth whorl structure, growth and function in a helicoprionid chondrichthyan Karpinskiprion (nom. nov.) (Eugeneodontiformes) with a revision of the family composition Earth Environ. Sci. Trans. R. Soc. Edinb. (IF 1.2) Pub Date : 2023-02-01 Oleg A. LEBEDEV, Wayne M. ITANO, Zerina JOHANSON, Alexander S. ALEKSEEV, Moya M. SMITH, Aleksey V. IVANOV, Igor V. NOVIKOV
Restudy of Campyloprion annectans Eastman, 1902 from North America demonstrated that neither specimen included is diagnostic at the species level; thus, the species name is a nomen dubium. Since this species was designated as the type species of the genus, this requires suppression of the generic name also. Another species earlier assigned to Campyloprion, Campyloprion ivanovi Karpinsky, 1924 is used
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First Mexican records of Anthracotheriidae (Mammalia: Artiodactyla) Earth Environ. Sci. Trans. R. Soc. Edinb. (IF 1.2) Pub Date : 2023-01-26 Eduardo JIMÉNEZ-HIDALGO, Gerardo CARBOT-CHANONA
Anthracotheres are generalised artiodactyls that have an extensive record in the Cenozoic of Eurasia and Africa. In North America they have been collected in middle Eocene to early Miocene localities from the California Coast, the Great Plains and the Gulf Coast of the United States, with a single record from the early Miocene of Panama. Here we report few specimens from the early Oligocene (Ar1) Iniyoo
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Review of the Ordovician pelagic trilobite Ellipsotaphrus (Cyclopygoidea, Ellipsotaphridae) and its allies, with new discoveries from Girvan, Ayrshire Earth Environ. Sci. Trans. R. Soc. Edinb. (IF 1.2) Pub Date : 2023-01-25 J. Keith INGHAM, Richard A. FORTEY
Following Fortey and Owens (1987), the Ordovician trilobite taxon Ellipsotaphrinae is established as valid, but is argued to have full family status within the Cyclopygoidea. It encompasses the existing genera Ellipsotaphrus, Girvanopyge Gamops and Circulocrania together with two new genera proposed herein, Arisemolobes and Synaptotaphrus. Typical ellipsotaphrid genera have a totally circumscribed
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The Early Pliocene small mammals (Eulipotyphla, Rodentia, Lagomorpha) from Berești and Mălușteni (eastern Romania): a fresh look at old collections Earth Environ. Sci. Trans. R. Soc. Edinb. (IF 1.2) Pub Date : 2023-01-09 Vicente D. CRESPO, Ștefan VASILE, Alexandru PETCULESCU, Bogdan G. RĂȚOI, Bogdan S. HAIDUC
The neighbouring sites of Berești and Mălușteni (Eastern Carpathian Foreland, eastern Romania) have yielded the most abundant and taxonomically diverse Pliocene vertebrate assemblages described so far from the entire country. Some of the small mammals found here were described as new taxa, and occasionally reassessed during the past one hundred years, but most of the material collected initially remained
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A forgotten cirripedological gem: a new species of whale barnacle of the genus Cetopirus from the Pleistocene of the United States West Coast Earth Environ. Sci. Trans. R. Soc. Edinb. (IF 1.2) Pub Date : 2022-11-07 Alberto COLLARETA, Mark BOSSELAERS, Patricia A. HOLROYD, Ashley DINEEN
A small lot of fossil whale barnacles from the Upper Pleistocene of California and the Middle Pleistocene (Chibanian) of Oregon (United States West Coast), described in a 1972 unpublished MA thesis, are formally described and illustrated herein. In that thesis, a new genus and species name were proposed; however, according to the International Code of Zoological Nomenclature, they have no taxonomic
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The remains of a large cercopithecid from the Lower Pleistocene locality of Karnezeika (southern Greece) Earth Environ. Sci. Trans. R. Soc. Edinb. (IF 1.2) Pub Date : 2022-11-07 Panagiotis D. SIANIS, Αthanassios ATHANASSIOU, Dimitris S. KOSTOPOULOS, Socrates ROUSSIAKIS, Nikolaos KARGOPOULOS, George ILIOPOULOS
The Lower Pleistocene Karnezeika locality, lies in the Peloponnese, southern Greece, and its fauna corresponds to the Middle Villafranchian biochronological unit (MN17). The recovered mammal assemblage includes, among others, a few remains of a large Cercopithecid. Herein, we describe this material, including an upper second molar, a partially preserved proximal radius and, possibly, an upper first
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Gigantoproductid shell spiral and microstructure of tertiary layer: evaluation as taxonomical characters Earth Environ. Sci. Trans. R. Soc. Edinb. (IF 1.2) Pub Date : 2022-10-21 J. Ricardo MATEOS-CARRALAFUENTE, Ismael CORONADO, Pedro CÓZAR, Sergio RODRÍGUEZ
Brachiopod taxonomy is based on descriptions of shell morphology and key characters, but diagenesis generally modifies or erases some of them, hindering brachiopod identification. Brachiopods that are taxonomically related usually present shells with similar appearance but can differ in size (i.e., Rhynchonellata). Some aspects of morphology – for example the angular measurement of the curvature of
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Anterior ossicone variability in Decennatherium rex Ríos, et al. 2017 (Late Miocene, Iberian Peninsula) Earth Environ. Sci. Trans. R. Soc. Edinb. (IF 1.2) Pub Date : 2022-10-19 María RÍOS, Enrique CANTERO, Darío ESTRAVIZ-LÓPEZ, Nikos SOLOUNIAS, Jorge MORALES
The recovery of a new partial cranium of Decennatherium rex Ríos et al. 2017 bearing two anterior and two posterior ossicones from the Late Miocene deposits of the site Batallones-10 (MN-10, Cerro de los Batallones, Madrid Basin) sheds light on the complex variability of the cranial appendages of these extinct giraffids. The special features of the anterior ossicones of BAT10’18-C6-40, each formed
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Stratigraphic architecture of the Cenozoic Dugong Supersequence: implications for the late post-breakup development of the Eucla Basin, southern Australian continental margin Earth Environ. Sci. Trans. R. Soc. Edinb. (IF 1.2) Pub Date : 2022-10-12 Martyn S. STOKER, Simon P. HOLFORD, Jennifer M. TOTTERDELL
This study presents an appraisal of the Middle Eocene–Quaternary Dugong Supersequence of the Eucla Basin, offshore southern Australia. It combines details of the rock record with seismic-stratigraphical information, and the resulting stratigraphic framework provides constraints on the nature of the late post-breakup development of the southern Australian continental margin. It is well established that
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Reconstruction of the skull and description of new anatomical features of Diadectes absitus (Diadectidae, Diadectomorpha) from the early Permian of central Germany Earth Environ. Sci. Trans. R. Soc. Edinb. (IF 1.2) Pub Date : 2022-10-10 Jozef KLEMBARA, David S BERMAN, Amy C. HENRICI, Thomas MARTENS, Miroslav HAIN
Presented for the first time is a reconstruction of the skull of Diadectes (Diadectomorpha) based on several specimens of a single species Diadectes absitus from the early Permian of central Germany. Since its first discovery at the end of the 19th century the only reconstructions of the skull of Diadectes were without specific designation, despite a rich Permo-Carboniferous fossil record. The skull
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10Be exposure age dating of Late Quaternary relative sea level changes and deglaciation of W Jura and NE Islay, Scottish Inner Hebrides Earth Environ. Sci. Trans. R. Soc. Edinb. (IF 1.2) Pub Date : 2022-09-08 Alastair G. DAWSON, Paul BISHOP, James HANSOM, Derek FABEL
New 10Be exposure age dating and geomorphological mapping of emerged shoreline features in W Jura and NE Islay throw new light on the regional pattern of ice sheet deglaciation and late-glacial relative sea level change. We conclude that the oldest and highest emerged shorelines in this area were produced ~15.7–16.3 ka, shortly after ice sheet deglaciation ~16.5 ka. It is envisaged that the first incursion
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Palynostratigraphy, biochronology and palaeobathymetry of a section of Awaizombe-1 well, eastern Niger Delta, Nigeria Earth Environ. Sci. Trans. R. Soc. Edinb. (IF 1.2) Pub Date : 2022-09-06 Jacinta N. CHUKWUMA-ORJI
Ditch cuttings (69 samples) from a section of Awaizombe-1well located in the Northern Depobelt of the eastern Niger Delta Basin were used for this study. The lithology of the studied interval 1373–1812 m (439 m thick) consists of fissile grey shale and mudstone units. The scid method of sample preparation for palynormorphs’ recovery was adopted. Analysis recorded a well-preserved and diverse assemblage
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Landscape response to deformation in the Sabalan area, NW Iran: Inferred from quantitative morphological and structural analysis Earth Environ. Sci. Trans. R. Soc. Edinb. (IF 1.2) Pub Date : 2022-08-31 Reza SABER, Ayse CAGLAYAN, Veysel ISIK
The geological and tectonic background of the Sabalan area in NW Iran and its present-day surface processes make it ideal for examining the effects of tectonic processes in shaping the Earth's crust. As a result of the intense distribution of pre-Quaternary and Quaternary structures (e.g., faults, joints and folds), most of the drainage basins in the southern and central parts of the study area have
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Reconstruction of a Ross lost Cambrian Series 2 mixed siliciclastic–carbonate platform from carbonate clasts of the Shackleton Range, Antarctica Earth Environ. Sci. Trans. R. Soc. Edinb. (IF 1.2) Pub Date : 2022-07-28 Marta RODRÍGUEZ-MARTÍNEZ, Werner BUGGISCH, Silvia MENÉNDEZ, Elena MORENO-EIRIS, Antonio PEREJÓN
The presence of archaeocyath-bearing clasts from Cenozoic tills and Cambrian Mount Wegener Formation reveal erosion of a hidden Cambrian carbonate platform in Shackleton Range, Antarctica. We provide microfacies, paleontological, diagenetic and tectonically induced fabric data from carbonate clasts which, in addition to available geochemical and geochronological data from Shackleton Range, allow the
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Sequence stratigraphy and microplankton palaeoenvironmental dynamics across the Jurassic–Cretaceous transition in the Canadian Arctic Earth Environ. Sci. Trans. R. Soc. Edinb. (IF 1.2) Pub Date : 2022-07-28 Stephen INGRAMS, David W. JOLLEY, Simon SCHNEIDER
The Jurassic to Cretaceous strata exposed in the Rollrock Section, Sverdrup Basin, Arctic Canada, represent one of the northernmost continuous outcrops spanning this poorly understood transition. The Oxfordian–Valanginian mudstones of the Rollrock Section were deposited in a shallow marine environment and, as such, provide the ideal lithology to investigate the response of high latitude dinoflagellate
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Arsenate removal from aqueous solutions by Mg/Fe-LDH-modified biochar derived from apple tree residues Earth Environ. Sci. Trans. R. Soc. Edinb. (IF 1.2) Pub Date : 2022-06-30 Mohammad Ali SHIRIAZAR, Ebrahim SEPEHR, Ramin MALEKI, Habib KHODAVERDILOO, Farrokh ASADZADEH, Behnam DOVLATI, Zed RENGEL
The development of non-toxic and inexpensive materials for arsenic removal is required due to water sources being polluted by arsenic in many countries around the world. The main aim of this study was to characterise the capacity and behaviour of Mg/Fe layered double hydroxides/biochar [Magnesium/Iron-Layered Double Hydroxide (Mg/Fe-LDH)] composite for arsenate adsorption from solution. Apple tree
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Response model of fluid–rock ratio to reservoir space in primary formation of shale oil during hydrous pyrolysis Earth Environ. Sci. Trans. R. Soc. Edinb. (IF 1.2) Pub Date : 2022-06-09 Lina SUN, Deliang FU, Qi ZHANG, Yuandong WU
Due to the presence of geological fluid under actual geological conditions, water–rock interaction will occur between the fluid and reservoir. Thus, to analyse the influence of the water–rock interaction on storage space during the organic matter evolution stages, this study conducted a series of simulation experiments on shales by using a closed autoclave: four temperatures, 250°C, 300°C, 350°C, 400°C
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The ferns in a new Middle Jurassic locality from the Otlaltepec Formation, Puebla, Mexico Earth Environ. Sci. Trans. R. Soc. Edinb. (IF 1.2) Pub Date : 2022-06-01 Jeronimo MORALES-TOLEDO, Aniceto C. MENDOZA-RUIZ, Sergio R. S. CEVALLOS-FERRIZ
Mesozoic ferns from Mexico have been the subject of serious academic endeavours since the beginning of the 20th Century, to understand these plants at the time of their peak diversity. Most findings have been made in a set of Middle Jurassic Basins of the Mixtec Terrain in the Oaxaca State. However, fossil ferns are scarce in other assemblages, so further identification of this group has been infrequent
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Silicification of feathers in a modern hot spring in New Zealand Earth Environ. Sci. Trans. R. Soc. Edinb. (IF 1.2) Pub Date : 2022-04-22 Tao ZHAO, Liang HU, Yanhong PAN
Fossil feathers have greatly improved our understanding of the evolutionary transition from non-avian dinosaurs to birds and the evolution of feathers, and may be the only evidence for their source animals in the fossil record. Hot spring environments have been demonstrated to be conducive to the preservation of fossils, but internal silicification of feathers was not observed in the only avian carcass
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Volcanic landscape controls on pre-rift to syn-rift volcano sedimentary systems: the Prestfjall Formation eruptive hiatus, Faroe Islands Basalt Group, northeast Atlantic Earth Environ. Sci. Trans. R. Soc. Edinb. (IF 1.2) Pub Date : 2022-04-19 David W. JOLLEY, Simon R. PASSEY, Henrik VOSGERAU, Erik V. SØRENSEN
The Paleogene lava flows of the Faroe Islands Basalt Group are divided into three relatively thick formations. The oldest, the Beinisvørð Formation is separated from the second lava flow succession, the Malinstindur Formation, by two formations composed primarily of volcaniclastic rocks. The oldest of these, the Prestfjall Formation has been interpreted as a period of eruptive quiescence and linked
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Geochemical characteristics of terrigenous saline lacustrine shale in the Qianjiang Depression, Jianghan Basin, China: implications for controls on the formation of the inter-salt organic-rich shale Earth Environ. Sci. Trans. R. Soc. Edinb. (IF 1.2) Pub Date : 2022-04-18 Nan JIA, Zixiang WANG, Lina SUN
The inter-salt shale of the Qianjiang Formation in Jianghan Basin is a typical and important continental saline lake shale oil system in China. To achieve a better understanding of the formation of the inter-salt organic-rich shale, the mineral, major and trace elements and organic geochemical characteristics (total organic carbon (TOC) and biomarkers) of the Eq34-10 shale (high TOC) and the Eq40-5
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In search of James Croll: archives, genealogy, publications and other resources Earth Environ. Sci. Trans. R. Soc. Edinb. (IF 1.2) Pub Date : 2021-12-22 Kevin J. EDWARDS
Source materials for investigating the life of James Croll are examined and collated. This is organised around the topics of: Croll's Autobiographical sketch and the Memoir of his life and work, both contained within the volume produced by James Campbell Irons; publications by Croll; aspects of his genealogy; manuscript sources in publicly accessible archives and in private ownership; and other published
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Ichthyosaurs from the Upper Triassic (Carnian–Norian) of the New Siberian Islands, Russian Arctic, and their implications for the evolution of the ichthyosaurian basicranium and vertebral column Earth Environ. Sci. Trans. R. Soc. Edinb. (IF 1.2) Pub Date : 2021-12-13 Nikolay G. ZVERKOV, Dmitry V. GRIGORIEV, Andrzej S. WOLNIEWICZ, Alexey G. KONSTANTINOV, Evgeny S. SOBOLEV
The first ichthyosaurian specimens discovered from the Upper Triassic of the Russian Arctic (Kotelny Island, New Siberian Islands) are described herein. They include the remains of large- to small-bodied ichthyosaurians originating from six stratigraphic levels spanning the lower Carnian to middle Norian. The material is mostly represented by isolated vertebrae and ribs, which are not possible to accurately
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A second fossil species of the enigmatic rove beetle genus Charhyphus in Eocene Baltic amber, with implications on the morphology of the female genitalia (Coleoptera: Staphylinidae: Phloeocharinae) Earth Environ. Sci. Trans. R. Soc. Edinb. (IF 1.2) Pub Date : 2021-12-06 Shûhei YAMAMOTO, Alexey V. SHAVRIN, Kristaps KAIRIŠS
Phloeocharinae is a small and likely non-monophyletic subfamily of rove beetles. The enigmatic genus Charhyphus Sharp, 1887 has long been placed in Phloeocharinae, whereas recent studies have found it to be phylogenetically very distant from the core members of this subfamily, suggesting the possibility that it actually deserves its own separate subfamily status. So far, the sole definitive fossil
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Dynamic ecophenotypy in the Silurian Monograptidae (Graptolithina) Earth Environ. Sci. Trans. R. Soc. Edinb. (IF 1.2) Pub Date : 2021-12-03 Misha WHITTINGHAM, Andrej SPIRIDONOV, Sigitas RADZEVIČIUS
The monograptids from the Wenlock and Ludlow (mid- to late Silurian) of the palaeotropical Baltic Basin exhibit thickened ring structures (sicular annuli) over their initial phase of growth. Appearing before the lundgreni extinction event, they persisted throughout the remainder of the Silurian, fluctuating in number over that period. To better understand the mechanisms controlling their development
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First study of the bat fossil record of the mid-Atlantic volcanic islands Earth Environ. Sci. Trans. R. Soc. Edinb. (IF 1.2) Pub Date : 2021-12-03 Javier GONZÁLEZ-DIONIS, Carolina CASTILLO RUIZ, Penélope CRUZADO-CABALLERO, Elena CADAVID-MELERO, Vicente D. CRESPO
Bats are one of the most abundant and important mammals in ecosystems. However, their fossil record is scarce and fragile, making them difficult to find. Accordingly, there is no record of this group in the volcanic islands of the mid-Atlantic Ocean apart from the Canary Islands. This paper studies the first bat fossil record of the Canary Islands (Spain). The material studied is found within two Quaternary
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Gas hydrate stability zone in Muri coalfield, Qinghai Province, China Earth Environ. Sci. Trans. R. Soc. Edinb. (IF 1.2) Pub Date : 2021-11-29 Jing LI, Zheng YAO, Hongbo ZHAO, Zewei WANG
The gas hydrate stability zone (GHSZ) is the essential condition for gas hydrate accumulation, which is controlled by three main factors: gas component, geothermal gradient and permafrost thickness. Based on the gas component of hydrate samples from drilling in Muri coalfield, the gas hydrate phase equilibrium curve was calculated using Sloan's natural gas hydrate phase equilibrium procedure (CSMHYD)
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On the morphospace of eurypterine sea scorpions Earth Environ. Sci. Trans. R. Soc. Edinb. (IF 1.2) Pub Date : 2021-09-09 Russell D. C. BICKNELL, Lisa AMATI
Eurypterids (sea scorpions) are a group of extinct, marine euchelicerates that have an extensive Palaeozoic record. Despite lacking a biomineralised exoskeleton, eurypterids are abundantly preserved within select deposits. These collections make statistical analyses comparing the morphology of different genera possible. However, eurypterid shape has not yet been documented with modern geometric morphometric
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James Croll – bicentenary and biography, from janitor to genius Earth Environ. Sci. Trans. R. Soc. Edinb. (IF 1.2) Pub Date : 2021-09-01 Kevin J. EDWARDS
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A captorhinid-dominated assemblage from the palaeoequatorial Permian of Menorca (Balearic Islands, western Mediterranean) Earth Environ. Sci. Trans. R. Soc. Edinb. (IF 1.2) Pub Date : 2021-07-22 Rafel MATAMALES-ANDREU, Francesc X. ROIG-MUNAR, Oriol OMS, Àngel GALOBART, Josep FORTUNY
Moradisaurine captorhinid eureptiles were a successful group of high-fibre herbivores that lived in the arid low latitudes of Pangaea during the Permian. Here we describe a palaeoassemblage from the Permian of Menorca (Balearic Islands, western Mediterranean), consisting of ichnites of small captorhinomorph eureptiles, probably moradisaurines (Hyloidichnus), and parareptiles (cf. Erpetopus), and bones
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Paralonchothrix gen. nov., the first record of Echimyini (Rodentia, Octodontoidea) in the late Miocene of Southern South America Earth Environ. Sci. Trans. R. Soc. Edinb. (IF 1.2) Pub Date : 2021-07-21 Pedro PIÑERO, A. Itatí OLIVARES, Diego H. VERZI, Victor H. CONTRERAS
Echimyidae is the most widely diversified family among hystricognath rodents, both in the number of species and variety of lifestyles. In the Patagonian Subregion of southern South America, extinct echimyids related to living arboreal species (Echimyini) are recorded up to the middle Miocene, whereas all the known southern fossils since the late Miocene are linked to terrestrial and fossorial lineages
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The oceanographic contribution of James Croll Earth Environ. Sci. Trans. R. Soc. Edinb. (IF 1.2) Pub Date : 2021-06-30 Alastair DAWSON
The research of James Croll on the nature of Ice Ages led him into a detailed investigation of ocean currents. By the early 1870s he had calculated from first principles the quantities of heat delivered by ocean currents to high latitude areas and he understood how this heat supply may have altered drastically during ice ages. The publication of his many papers on ocean currents as well as his book
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Theoretical inversion of the fossil hydrothermal systems with oxygen isotopes of constituent minerals partially re-equilibrated with externally infiltrated fluids Earth Environ. Sci. Trans. R. Soc. Edinb. (IF 1.2) Pub Date : 2021-06-30 Chun-Sheng WEI, Zi-Fu ZHAO
While the external infiltration of water has been identified from modern geothermal and/or fossil hydrothermal systems through stable isotopes, the physicochemical boundary conditions like the initial oxygen isotopes of water $( {{\rm \delta }^{ 18}{\rm O}_{\rm W}^{\rm i} } ) $ and rock as well as alteration temperature were implicitly presumed or empirically estimated by the conventional forward modelling
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Environmental impacts of physical and dynamical characteristics of the southern coastal waters of the Caspian Sea Earth Environ. Sci. Trans. R. Soc. Edinb. (IF 1.2) Pub Date : 2021-06-29 Siamak JAMSHIDI, Mahdieh JAFARI
This research evaluated the variability of current characteristics and seawater properties in the middle part of the southern shelf of the Caspian Sea. The effect of the coastal flow on marine debris dispreading was assessed in the southern Caspian Sea for the first time. The findings showed the existence of thermal stratification containing seasonal thermocline with thickness of about 40 m in the
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Integrated statistical and hydro-geochemical approach to identify the origin and process of saline contamination of Remila plain groundwater (Khenchela, Algeria) Earth Environ. Sci. Trans. R. Soc. Edinb. (IF 1.2) Pub Date : 2021-06-29 Laiche AOUIDANE, Mohamed BELHAMRA, Asma KHEDDOUMA
Groundwater is widely used in the semi-arid region of Remila plain (Khenchela, Algeria) for urban and agricultural supplies. An integrated statistical and hydro-geochemical approach was performed with 70 water samples in order to identify the main processes and the origin of water salinisation. The results have suggested the dominance of three chemical facies: Sulphato cloruro calcic (SO4–Cl–Ca) in
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James Croll – a man ‘greater far than his work’ Earth Environ. Sci. Trans. R. Soc. Edinb. (IF 1.2) Pub Date : 2021-06-29 Kevin J. EDWARDS, Mike ROBINSON
Popular and scholarly information concerning the life of James Croll has been accumulating slowly since the death in 1890 of the self-taught climate change pioneer. The papers in the current volume offer thorough assessments of topics associated with Croll's work, but this contribution seeks to provide a personal context for an understanding of James Croll the man, as well as James Croll the scholar
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Cosmic connections: James Croll's influence on his contemporaries and his successors Earth Environ. Sci. Trans. R. Soc. Edinb. (IF 1.2) Pub Date : 2021-06-01 James R. FLEMING
This paper examines the astronomical theory of ice ages of James Croll (1821–1890), its influence on contemporaries John Tyndall, Charles Lyell, and Charles Darwin, and the subsequent development of climate change science, giving special attention to the work of Svante Arrhenius, Nils Ekholm, and G. S. Callendar (for the carbon dioxide theory), and Milutin Milanković (for the astronomical theory).
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James Croll and geological archives: testing astronomical theories of ice ages Earth Environ. Sci. Trans. R. Soc. Edinb. (IF 1.2) Pub Date : 2021-06-01 Polychronis C. TZEDAKIS, Eric W. WOLFF
James Croll's Physical Theory of Secular Changes of Climate emerged during an age of revolution in geology that included the rise of the glacial theory and the search for its underlying causes. According to Croll, periods of high eccentricity are associated with the persistence of long glacial epochs, within which glaciations occur in alternate hemispheres when winter is at aphelion every ~11,000 years;
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James Croll, celestial mechanics and climate change Earth Environ. Sci. Trans. R. Soc. Edinb. (IF 1.2) Pub Date : 2021-06-01 Malcolm LONGAIR
James Croll was a pioneer in studies of the impact of the slowly changing orbital dynamics of the Earth on climate change. His book Climate and Time in their Geological Relations (1875) was far ahead of its time in seeking correlations between climate change, the occurrence of ice ages and perturbations to the Earth's orbit about the Sun. The astronomical cycles he discovered are now called ‘Milankovitch
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The ‘janitor-geologist’ and the ‘cold materialistic scientific men’: James Croll's navigation of scientific societies Earth Environ. Sci. Trans. R. Soc. Edinb. (IF 1.2) Pub Date : 2021-06-01 Laura BRASSINGTON
Scientific societies played a crucial role in the emergence of a professional culture of science in Britain in the mid- to late-19th Century. At first sight, James Croll's membership of a limited number of scientific associations may be assumed to be the result of his lack of social credit and scientific connections. In this article, by examining Croll's correspondence, I demonstrate that Croll's select
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Lyell, the Geikies and Croll's observations on terrestrial glacial sediments and landforms Earth Environ. Sci. Trans. R. Soc. Edinb. (IF 1.2) Pub Date : 2021-06-01 James ROSE
Within the context of the work and achievements of James Croll, this paper reviews the records of direct observations of glacial landforms and sediments made by Charles Lyell, Archibald and James Geikie and James Croll himself, in order to evaluate their contributions to the sciences of glacial geology and Quaternary environmental change. The paper outlines the social and physical environment of Croll's
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On the thickness of the Antarctic ice, and its relations to that of the glacial epoch Earth Environ. Sci. Trans. R. Soc. Edinb. (IF 1.2) Pub Date : 2021-06-01 James CROLL, David SUGDEN
At a time when nobody has yet landed on the Antarctic continent (1879), this presentation and accompanying paper predicts the morphology, dynamics and thermal regime of the Antarctic ice sheet. Mathematical modelling of the ice sheet is based on the assumptions that the thickness of tabular icebergs reflects the average thickness of the ice at the margin and that the surface gradients are comparable