To deal with climate change, most countries in the world have already set their own emission reduction targets and developed subsidy schemes to promote the production of renewable electricity (RE). In REN 21's Renewables 2019 Global Status Report, mainly three types of dominant RE promotion schemes are identified: feed-in policies, renewable portfolio standard (RPS)/quota policies, and tendering. Based

Innovation systems operate in specific regional, political, social and economic contexts and are influenced by their environment. The internal structures and processes of a technological innovation system (TIS) are usually well understood in the literature, but what is happening outside and across the boundaries of the system is less systematically considered. This paper tries to fill this gap by combining

Explorative energy scenarios do not present the most probable developments but provide a set of plausible pathways in order to highlight the uncertainty and complexity of decision-making contexts. Although plausibility is widely assumed as effectiveness criterion for scenario work, little is known about how the plausibility of a set of scenarios is perceived by users. This paper discusses conceptions

Despite the rapid growth in wind power generation, China has suffered a serious curtailment in wind power in several areas, especially in Xinjiang, Gansu, and Inner Mongolia. Policy instruments and the industrial chain are evaluated and the curtailed wind power accommodation policies in China, India, the United States, and Germany are compared considering the aforementioned curtailment and the lack

Today's decision-makers rely heavily on Integrated Assessment Models to guide the decarbonisation of the energy system. Uncertainty is embedded in the assumptions these models are built upon. Unless those uncertainties are adequately assessed, using Integrated Assessment Models for policy design is unadvised. In this work we run Monte Carlo simulations with the MEDEAS model at European Union scale

Some countries with large renewables markets have sought to create domestic supply chains and jobs by implementing local-content requirements. We focus on three key renewables markets with local-content requirements – Brazil, India and South Africa – and analyze whether these rules have helped create local manufacturing capacity or benefited local companies. We find that companies in all three countries

Climate change is a key global issue. The continuous increase in greenhouse gas emissions, such as carbon dioxide (CO2), from non-renewable energy sources, is the primary driver of climate change. This study sheds light on this issue by examining the historical CO2 emissions of Bangladesh's electricity sector from 1979 to 2018. This study applies the logarithmic mean divisia index (LMDI) method to

This paper focuses on the techno-economic feasibility and sustainability of a PV/wind/diesel hybrid system designed for decentralized power supply. Several designs have been studied for the hybrid system by varying the PV slope and wind turbine hub height under different dispatch strategies to supply the load. For each design, the power system has been optimized to determine the maximum electrical

FDI not only increases capital supply in the host country, but can also improve the productivity of domestic firms through knowledge transfer. Dutch diseases and technology spillover can be some of the important effects of FDI in the oil and gas (OIG) sector. The Dutch disease refers to the problems associated with negative consequences of large increases in a country's raw materials such as oil and

Compliance with the Paris Agreement requires the transformation of national economies to meet net-zero carbon dioxide emissions by mid-century. To accomplish this, countries need to define long-term decarbonisation strategies with near- and mid-term actions to determine their ideal future scenario while maximizing socioeconomic benefits. This paper describes the process followed to support the creation

Using the extended STIRPAT model, this research examines the influence of various factors on US carbon emission from 1960 to 2019, including nuclear and alternative energy of total, fossil energy of total, GDP per capita, total population, urban population of total and merchandise trade of GDP. Ridge regression was used to perform the study. The research results show the significant of all factors

Currently, Indonesia has only three nuclear research reactors. However, Indonesia is the world's fourth most populous country. Owing to the enormous size and rapid growth of the population and the limited availability of fossil fuel and renewable energy resources, the construction of new nuclear power plants (NPPs) has been considered. Because of this, the management policies for long-term spent nuclear

This research used a model with fuzzy measurement on 132 surveys to assess the social acceptance of the wind industry in the Isthmus of Tehuantepec-Mexico. This study uses diffuse analysis in a region where people are difficult to interview due to cultural barriers. The results were categorized globally and internally in environmental, economic, and social impacts. The results demonstrate the rejection

This paper presents comprehensive diagrams applied in the search for the optimal strategy for investing in heat sources and analysis of the impact of technical and economic parameters on specific heat production costs in single-fuel combined heat and power plants. An innovative methodology was applied to find for the specific cost of heat production in various technologies. The results regarding the

The Paris agreement called on parties to formulate long-term low greenhouse gas emission development strategies. This paper aims to contribute to the definition of Colombia's mid-century strategy. For this, we use the Global Change Analysis Model (GCAM) to develop three representative pathways toward deep decarbonization by mid-century. We explore what might happen under Colombia's current policy trajectory

The relationship between energy and output is one of the key issues in economic literature. Existing empirical studies have mainly used the neoclassical one-sector aggregate production function to examine the energy-output nexus and revealed inconclusive results. To address this issue, in this paper, we develop a two-sector model differentiating the energy sector from the conventional production sector

The spatial resolution of energy system optimisation models (ESOMs) is often compromised for computational performance. Reducing the spatial resolution impacts the least-cost solutions when optimising the generation capacity and transmission capacity of the ESOMs with high penetration of variable renewable energy sources. Previous studies show that the two main effects of spatial resolution reduction

Nuclear energy renders itself as one of the sustainable energy sources for power production available now. But the major nuclear accident that occurred in the nuclear industry has shown that the generation of nuclear energy has an inherent risk for the environment and the eco-system. Therefore, members of the public - the principal stakeholders - shall be provided with significant opportunities for

This paper presents a multiscale integrated analysis comparing changes in the energy metabolic pattern of China and the European Union between 2000 and 2016. The MuSIASEM method is used to explore and illustrate the entanglement over different factors, across dimensions and levels of analysis. Demographic factors observed at the level of the whole are linked to changes in the economic structure, the

This study examines the impact of globalization(s) on renewable energy consumption in OECD countries by endogenizing per capita GDP, oil prices and per capita carbon emissions. We use robust globalization(s) as measured by the “classic”, “reconstructed” and “revisited” globalization indexes. The novel method of Machado and Silva Panel quantile regression (2019) approach is used to obtain robust findings

Cities are ought to play a key role in the energy transition to a low carbon society as they concentrate more than half of the world's population and are responsible for about 67% primary energy consumption and around 70% of the energy-related CO2 emissions. To achieve the agreed climate targets, efficient urban planning is a must. Tools and methods have risen to model different aspects of the energy

Given the energy-related accidents and issues in our society, public perceptions of specific energy technologies are a fundamental concern while formulating local and national energy plans. As an approach toward addressing these perceptions, the current study was aimed at collecting user-created contents on renewable energy in a topic-based social network service. A word network model in social network

Achieving ambitious reductions in greenhouse gases (GHG) is particularly challenging for transportation due to the technical limitations of replacing oil-based fuels. We apply the integrated assessment model MEDEAS-World to study four global transportation decarbonization strategies for 2050. The results show that a massive replacement of oil-fueled individual vehicles to electric ones alone cannot

Climate change mitigation strategies are multifaceted and require collaboration among a range of stakeholder groups. The objective of this paper was to develop an overarching Renewable Energy and Energy Conservation Area Policy (REECAP) framework. The framework was developed based on a comprehensive literature review, in which seven principles for Renewable Energy and Energy Conservation Policies were

The rapidly increasing renewable energy installations are often controlled through permit schemes, and good permit practices need to be developed for energy policy planning purposes. In Finland ground heat exchangers (GHEs) for geoenergy systems commonly need a permit from the municipal building control. We examine this municipal permit scheme, its functionality in groundwater protection and compatibility

We assess the geological and economic viability of underground natural gas storage in Saudi Arabia under different scenarios: with and without LNG imports allowed, and under low and high domestic gas production. Depleted oil fields or aquifers are best suited for gas storage in the Kingdom. Using a model of the country's energy system, we show that in the case of high gas production, storage capacity

This study investigates the relationship of the U.S. industrial production with West Texas Intermediate crude oil and Henry Hub natural gas prices. It determines the time-varying asymmetric relationship of crude oil, natural gas and industrial production from 1986 to 2018 by using Maximum Overlap Discrete Wavelet Transform and Quantile Regression. The U.S. industrial production has a short-term supply-driven

The Gulf Cooperation Council, despite being the home for the world's largest oil and gas reserves and the highest per capita GDP, the Greenhouse Gas emissions from transportation remain poorly understood, and a missing piece in the puzzle of reduction policies. This paper uses Oman as a Gulf Cooperation Council Countries representative model, with a transport-fuel policy to reveal carbon growth from

Biodiesel is an attractive fuel replacement for diesel engine in Malaysia. The application of biodiesel as fuel-blend has been implemented commercially in transport sector in the country. Among various potential feedstock for biodiesel production, microalgae have been appeared as a promising source since a decade due to its' high biomass productivity, rapid growth rate, large amount of lipid content

In most sub-Saharan countries, development is severely limited by the scarcity of electricity and fuel for transportation as well as the fragility of institutional organizations. Bioenergy is a natural candidate for the diversification of the energy matrix and the socioeconomic development in developing countries. Exploring the concept of “institutional transplant”, this study designs a preliminary

During the last decade, the major South Asian countries (Pakistan, India, and Bangladesh) have effectively utilized wind electricity to avoid future energy predicament. However, the wind industry is being influenced by a diverse range of factors. The aim of this study is to develop a value chain model for the South Asian wind power industry, scrutinize both internal and external factors to analyze

Extensive dependence of the national economy on wasteful fossil fuel use as well as limited access to the international financial markets and the best available techniques over the strict economic sanctions period have hindered Iran from developing a sustainable energy system. By considering the reversal order, the present study investigated the least-cost options for improving energy efficiency and

Pakistan has been striving for a sustainable power sector for the past two decades. However, the goal has not been achieved yet, due to a long-lasting electricity crisis. This electricity crisis has led to long hours of blackouts, increasing electricity prices, distribution losses, circular debt, and deterioration in the quality of service. This situation requires that we identify the root cause of

This paper presents an original system dynamics model, which aims to assess how changes in diet, agricultural practices, bioenergy and forestry could help reduce greenhouse gas emissions. We demonstrate that changes in types and quantities of food consumed and reductions in food wastes along with sustainable bioenergy and forestry dynamics would materially assist the EU in meeting its 2050 climate

The recent signals in the energy sector indicate a major transformation taking shape in the energy sector in the decades to come. The potential trends are highlighted in three scenarios published by the World Energy Council in September 2019 and further presented in detail and in a long-term perspective in this article. Compared to developments of the past, the scenario results reveal that the coming

In this paper we evaluated the feasibility of energy generation by incineration of waste in Mexico. The population of Mexico was split into six population-size classes, each one associated to a waste generation index. The total amount of waste and the lower calorific values were used to estimate the power and energy resulting from each size class. The economic feasibility was evaluated using the Levelized

Flexibility in power systems is ability to provide supply-demand balance, maintain continuity in unexpected situations, and cope with uncertainty on supply-demand sides. The new method and management requirements to provide flexibility have emerged from the trend towards power systems increasing renewable energy penetration with generation uncertainty and availability. In this study, the historical

The discovery of natural gas in the 20th century has increased aggregate energy consumption while spurring economic development. However, very little attention has been given in the energy economics literature, especially in Malaysia. As such, this paper primarily revisited the natural gas — economic growth nexus hypothesis in the case of Malaysia. The study was conducted with data from 1980 to 2014

In the absence of perceived risks at planning stage, initial cost underestimation or overestimation is commonly existent in hydropower projects. This study suggests an expert fuzzy-TOPSIS multiple criteria decision-making (MCDM) methodology for the initial cost estimation of a hydropower project. Risk factors along with their likelihood and impact are analyzed in pre-feasibility stage to assess the

Slow economic recovery, market concentration, and scant alternative energy sources make the Iberian energy market quite idiosyncratic when compared to the rest of the EU. This paper focusses on the Iberian energy market by dealing with the analysis of the relationship between energy consumption and energy prices by using fractional integration in the Iberian market. This technique is used in order

Whether it be long-term, like year-ahead, or short-term, such as hour-ahead or day-ahead, forecasting of electricity demand is crucial for the success of deregulated electricity markets. The stochastic nature of the demand for electricity, along with parameters such as temperature, humidity, and work habits, eventually causes deviations from expected demand. In this paper, we propose a feedback-based

A natural gas price index (NGPI) can be used by stakeholders to comprehensively evaluate the natural gas market. At present, there is no NGPI to measure the volatility of China's entire natural gas market. As a result, when studying the status and trend of natural gas industry, Chinese researchers can reference only the NGPIs compiled by international companies such as Platts and Argus. Therefore,

Energy service companies (ESCOs) play crucial role in building energy efficiency retrofit sector. However limited access to green financing has prevented ESCOs in their expansions in China. This paper, based on a survey of 469 samples and on-site visiting to and interviewing relevant 50 actors of ESCOs, financial institutions and local housing authorities, identifies main barriers of accessing to green

Recent gas disputes between Russia and Ukraine have renewed interest in the study of energy security in the EU. This paper's main aim is to evaluate developments in gas supply security in the EU-27 Member States in the context of the gas crises of 2006 and 2009. Based on a causal classification of energy risks, two dimensions are proposed for a synthetic indicator – a Weighted Energy Security Index

This study examines the effect of the 2008 global financial crisis on the crude oil market. We use the Hurst exponent, Shannon entropy, and the scaling exponent to characterize the changes in the oil market properties (i.e., efficiency, long-term equilibrium, and collective phenomena) caused by the financial crisis. Although volatility in the oil market remained the same after the crisis, we find that

The improvement of energy efficiency is an essential strategic objective of sustainable energy sector development in the Baltic countries and can significantly facilitate the transition to a low-carbon economy. The paper provides findings from comparative analysis of energy intensity trends during the period 2000–2018 in Estonia, Latvia and Lithuania in the context of energy and climate framework of

Energy systems are becoming increasingly complex as developments such as sector coupling and decentral electricity generation increase their interconnectedness. At the same time, energy system models that are implemented to depict and predict energy systems are limited in their complexity due to computational constraints. Thus, a trade-off has to be made between high degrees of detail and model runtimes

The country with the highest nuclear power contribution to its energy matrix is France with 72.28%. The French nuclear history reveals that they trust in reprocessing option since an early stage of the nuclear power plants. Therefore, this work is devoted to studying the two options of a fuel cycle, i.e., Open Fuel Cycle (OFC) and Closed Fuel Cycle (CFC) for this country and the economics of each scenario

This synthesis paper presents the objectives, approach and cross-cutting results of the Latin American Deep Decarbonization Pathways project (DDP-LAC). It synthesizes and compares detailed national and sectoral deep decarbonization pathways (DDPs) to 2050 compatible with the Paris Agreement objectives and domestic development priorities in Argentina, Colombia, Costa Rica, Ecuador, Mexico and Peru.

‘The Belt and Road’ is a cooperation strategy between China and the relevant countries. The strategy is involved with 65 countries in East Asia, Southeast Asia, South Asia, Central Asia, Southern Europe, and Eastern Africa, etc. It is significant to accelerate sustainable economic development, strengthen technical and cultural exchanges. As a key part of infrastructure, electricity plays an important

The relationship between economic activities such as energy production, trade, and economic growth affects all areas of human life in terms of well-being, as well as a country's economic activities. In this study, we investigate these relationships using cointegration regression methods (FMOLS - fully modified ordinary least square and DOLS - dynamic ordinary least squares), we use the electricity

Energy security is one of the critical priorities of energy policy in the European Union and particularly in the Baltic region that is currently transforming itself from an isolated energy island to a highly interconnected area. In this paper, a comprehensive analysis of energy security in Estonia, Finland, Latvia, and Lithuania in the context of the energy transition is presented. The paper explores

Load Serving Entities (LSEs) can procure electricity from their owned generation or purchase it on bilateral or organized markets. Electric utility procurement decisions have important implications for rates, resource adequacy, environmental impacts, and LSE cost recovery. However, there is little or no research on trends of utility procurement practices—or the role of wholesale market transactions

We propose a multi-objective bi-level optimization model for analyzing the different investment options (in natural gas pipelines and regasification terminals) within the EU framework under a market perspective, considering the different interest of market participants and the multiple criteria that need to be achieved simultaneously (i.e. market integration, security of supply and competition). The

Despite ample potential energy sources, most developing countries depend highly on fuelwood to meet their energy needs, with repercussions on the environment and human health. Bioenergy innovation is one way to combat this issue, the adoption rate of which remains low in many of them. Using primary data collected from Ethiopian experts in the energy field, this study combines factor analysis with ordered

The construction and operation of large-scale reservoirs changes the flow regimes downstream, and thus has negative impact on the aquatic organisms. As an important indicator species, fish is sensitive to flow regimes, which provide stimulus for physiological activity, such as spawning and immigration. On the other hand, the grid-connected large-scale hydropower stations often carry out multiple functions

Urbanization is a key component for the sustainable development of affordable and efficient electric services in urban and rural area, driving economic growth and electricity consumption. This paper identifies the causal effects of urbanization and metropolitan economic performance on electricity consumption by a dynamic general equilibrium theoretical framework and time series econometric models using

Electrifying transport to meet local pollution and overall net zero carbon ambitions is now a key UK policy focus, but this will have important impacts on the energy system, the economy, and the environment. Understanding the changes that the electrification of transport will bring is crucial for developing sustainable policies for net zero goals and a just transition. A literature is emerging to analyse