Several researchers have studied the Sleipner model to understand the inherent flow physics better, to find a satisfactory match of the CO2 plume migration. Various sources of uncertainty in the geological model and the fluid have been investigated. Most of the work undertaken on the Sleipner model employed the one factor at a time (OFAT) method and analysed the impact of uncertain parameters on plume

This paper presents the results of site selection and characterization for onshore 10,000-ton-class CO2 pilot storage in the Miocene Janggi Basin, SE Korea. The results were obtained from an integrated analysis of geological, geophysical, and geotechnical data, and indicated that Noeseongsan Subbasin is filled by >1-km-thick terrestrial sediments with dacitic to basaltic volcanic materials. Promising

CCS is expected to play a sizeable role over the next several decades to drastically abate greenhouse gas emissions in the energy system by 2050. With the integrated assessment model TIAM-ECN we project how large its contribution could be in Europe in the power sector and industry, and analyze how this contribution may be affected by cost decline (driven by technological innovation) and ambitious greenhouse

The fluid mobilities and the lateral extent of the CO2 plume and the dry-out zone are among important unknowns required to effectively manage CO2 storage in saline aquifers projects. These unknowns can be derived from pressure falloff testing which has been widely used to characterize the subsurface. This work provides a three-region analytical solution for falloff pressure during the infinite-acting

Depleted oil fields in the Gulf of Suez (Egypt) can serve as geothermal reservoirs for power generation using a CO2-Plume Geothermal (CPG) system, while geologically sequestering CO2. This entails the injection of a substantial amount of CO2 into the highly permeable brine-saturated Nubian Sandstone. Numerical models of two-phase flow processes are indispensable for predicting the CO2-plume migration

If carbon capture and storage (CCS) needs to be deployed at basin- or larger-scale, it is likely that multiple sites will be injecting carbon dioxide (CO2) into the same geologic formation. This could lead to excessive pressure buildup, overlapping induced pressure fronts, and pressure interference with neighboring uses of the subsurface. Extracting the in situ brine from the storage formation could

Safe and permanent carbon geological storages require an elaborate analysis of geomechanical stability. Subsurface injection of CO2 changes the local temperature and pore pressure and, further, alters the stress due to thermo-poro-elastic responses. A permanent CO2 storage testing was conducted in the water leg of Cranfield reservoir in Mississippi, USA, where hosted CO2 enhanced-oil recovery activities

Geological storage of carbon dioxide (CO2) is a long-discussed strategy for avoiding CO2 discharge into the atmosphere and a few industrial scale projects are underway in this regard. In order to successfully perform such a strategy, it is important that site evaluation takes into account both reservoir and caprock properties in order to trap the CO2. Many caprocks for such sites are clay-rich mudrocks

CO2 geo-storage in basaltic formations has recently been demonstrated as a viable solution to rapidly sequester and mineralize CO2. In case CO2 is injected into such basalt reservoirs in supercritical form, a two-phase system (reservoir brine and supercritical CO2) is created, and it is of key importance to specify the associated CO2-basalt wettability so that fluid distributions and CO2 flow through

Carbon capture and storage via the injection of carbon dioxide (CO2) into deep saline aquifers, also known as geological storage of CO2, has been used to mitigate greenhouse gas emissions. However, geologically sequestered CO2 can seep out through leaky wells and faults, thereby contaminating groundwater and reaching the atmosphere. Several facilities for controlled injection of CO2 into the shallow

In order to quantify CO2 residual trapping in situ, two dedicated single-well push-pull experiments have been carried out at the Heletz, Israel pilot CO2 injection site. Field data from some parts of these experiments suggests the important effect of the hydrodynamic behavior in the injection-withdrawal well. In the present work a model capturing the CO2 transport and trapping behavior during Heletz

Regulatory oversight of a geologic carbon sequestration (GCS) project relies on iterative estimations, throughout the project lifetime, of the area where increased risks to underground sources of drinking water (USDWs) may occur due to injection of CO2. This area, referred to as Area of Review (AoR), is typically delineated by predicting the migration of fluid between the reservoir and the lowermost

Carbon dioxide capture and storage is expected to reduce large amount of CO2 emissions from pointwise large sources, such as coal power plants, by 2030 in Japan. For offshore CO2 storage, it is necessary to monitor concentrations associated with CO2 in seawater to ensure safe storage. To do so, it is also necessary to know the baseline concentrations in the target seas. However, such concentrations

The use of amine scrubbing methods for reducing CO2 emission from burning fossil fuels is growing in popularity. A major challenge of carbon capture methods using amines is high energy consumption. Moreover, the emission of amines from the carbon capture plant gains increasing attention due to environmental concerns. The amines may evaporate from the solution or be released in the form of an aerosol

Understanding measurement, monitoring and verification (MM&V) needs in the environmental context of potential subsea carbon dioxide (CO2) storage projects (Carbon Capture and Storage [CCS]) is a challenging task globally. Unmanned surface vehicles (USV) equipped with acoustic sensors are an attractive option for detecting gas leaks due to their spatial and temporal coverage potential. Here, a SIMRAD

A non-equilibrium phase transition computational fluid dynamics (CFD) model for liquid CO2 decompression with higher prediction accuracy is presented. In this model, Span-Wagner equation of state (EoS) is applied and compiled, the slip velocity between phases is considered, and the interphase mass transfer is controlled by introducing relaxation time coefficients. For validation, the numerical results

Two dedicated field experiments have been carried out at the Heletz, Israel pilot CO2 injection site. The objective has been to quantify the CO2 residual trapping in-situ, based on two distinctly different methods. Both experiments are based on the principle of a combination of hydraulic, thermal and/or tracer tests before and after creating the residually trapped zone of CO2 and using the difference

We performed a numerical modeling study focused on the relationship between post-injection plume migration and leakage risks at geologic CO2 storage sites. We use the model for Rock Springs Uplift in southwestern Wyoming as our hypothetical case study. We performed multiple sets of reservoir simulations, each with 29 equi-probable realizations of reservoir permeability heterogeneity, simulating different

CO2 capture and storage (CCS) is an important option for coal-fired power plants in China since they currently contribute about half the country’s CO2 emissions and the average age of the fleet is currently less than 15 years old. Previous studies on the operation of CO2 capture systems have identified several strategies for flexible operation that can improve the economics of CCS. However, these analyses

Carbon Capture and Sequestration (CCS) technology to slow global warming is a challenge to be solved worldwide. In this study, a dual circulating fluidized bed process using a solid-sorbent was developed for the post-combustion CO2 capture process from a pulverized coal power plant. This solid-sorbent-based CO2 capture process consists of absorber, regenerator, and standpipes in between them. An amine-functionalized

The accumulation of heat-stable salts (HSS) in the gas sweetening amine units causes several problems, including foaming, corrosion, and fouling. Herein, a simple and efficient electromagnetic salt removal (EMSR) process was proposed for the separation of HSS from industrial lean amine solution. In this process, HSS were separated through an electro polarization mechanism instead of electrosorption

Aspen Plus v8.8 was used to perform techno-economic analysis (TEA) of a CO2 capture process from a typical fuel gas stream in a 543-MW pre-combustion power plant using five different physical solvents (Selexol, PEGPDMS-1, NMP, [aPy][Tf2N] and [hmim][Tf2N]). The process included a countercurrent packed-bed absorber operating under high-pressure over a wide range of temperatures and three pressure-swing

Societal opposition has the potential to slow down the implementation of Carbon Capture and Storage (CCS). One of the difficulties is that the perceived benefits associated with a CCS facility for local communities tend to be low compared to its perceived burdens. As is the case for other low carbon technologies, community compensation (or community benefits) has been suggested as a way to restore

Residual or capillary trapping is one of the key trapping mechanisms for CO2 geological storage. At the Heletz, Israel, pilot injection site, two dedicated field experiments have been carried out to characterize it in-situ. This paper presents the model analyses of the second of these tests, the Residual Trapping Experiment II (RTE II). In the experiment hydraulic, tracer and thermal tests before and

Water solubility data in CO2 are important for flow assurance and mitigation of corrosion issues during transportation in carbon capture, sequestration/storage and acid gas reinjection processes. Hydrate formation conditions, as well as solubility of CO2 in water, have been well studied in the literature; however, there are relatively few studies for CO2 liquid in equilibrium with a hydrate as a two-phase

This study researched a strategy to optimize the microstructure of polymer composite membranes by designing and tailoring different anions and cations for ionic liquids (ILs). A series of ILs containing the 1-alkyl-3-methylimidazolium cation ([CnMIM]+) and anion of tetrafluotoborate ([BF4]−), acetate ([Ac]−) or glycine ([Gly]−) were incorporated into a Pebax® MH 1657 (Pebax) matrix to fabricate polymer

Although bottom-hole temperature (BHT) data is routinely collected with bottom-hole pressure (BHP) data during CO2 injection in geological storage projects, it is seldom analyzed in a quantitative manner. However, the BHP and BHT signals do exhibit correlated behavior. This study proposes a practical approach for using BHT data from warmback (no injection) periods, in conjunction with the amplitude

Carbon Capture and Storage (CCS) is a collective term for technologies that allow society to unlock the benefits of energy intensive processes like fertiliser production and combustion of fuels (fossil or biologically sourced) without releasing the CO2 to the atmosphere. Hence, CCS could assist in accelerating decarbonisation while society pursues a just energy transition. This paper aims to summarise

The removal of nitrogen oxides under a high pressure has been widely accepted as an effective method for the treatment of oxy-fuel combustion flue gas. The high pressure promotes the oxidation of NO to NO2, subsequently removed by water to form nitric acid. However, both the measurement and modeling of nitrogen oxides absorption shows uncertainties. To quantify the nitrogen mass balance, gas-phase

Monitoring and Verification (M&V) was reviewed in this journal in 2015 as part of the Special Issue to mark the tenth anniversary of the IPCC report on CCS. This article provides an update, focusing on identifying areas where there has been technical progress. Activity in CCS has continued since 2015, but the shift towards commercial utilization has altered the context for M&V. Published field experimentation

Hydrocarbon gas emissions from with decommissioned wells are an underreported source of greenhouse gas emissions in oil and gas provinces. The associated emissions may partly counteract efforts to mitigate greenhouse gas emissions from fossil fuel infrastructure. We have developed an approach for assessing methane leakage from marine decommissioned wells based on a combination of existing regional

The purpose of this study is to quantify geochemical reactions of CO2 and brine with subsurface samples taken from the Mt. Simon sandstone and identify any potential alterations of the geomechanical rock properties that could lead to changes observable in seismic monitoring or result in changes of micro seismicity such as those observed at the Illinois Basin-Decatur Project (IBDP) site. Two Mt. Simon

Uncertainty analysis is a key element of sound techno-economic analysis (TEA) of CO2 Capture and Storage (CCS) technologies and systems, and in the communication of TEA results. Many CCS technologies are relatively novel, with only few large-scale projects constructed and in operation to date. Therefore, uncertainties in technology performance and costs are often substantial, making it imperative that

This paper explores the potential of achieving negative emissions in steelmaking by introducing bioenergy with carbon capture and storage (BECCS) in multiple steelmaking routes, including blast furnace and HIsarna smelt reduction, and Midrex and ULCORED direct reduction. Process modelling and life cycle assessment were used to estimate CO2 balances for 45 cases. Without bioenergy or CCS, the estimated

We present constant-flow experiments of high-pressure CO2-saturated fluid through fracture channels in Portland cement with three different fracture geometries and with three different flow rates. The experiments were conducted in etched cement wafers within a microfluidics device. The evolution of pH was observed optically using phenolphthalein dye and changes in channel volume due to dissolution

This work aims to shed light on the yet unanswered question regarding the limited carbonation yield of activated lizardite via direct carbonation. Two amorphous Mg-rich silicate phases were identified upon activation. A rapid and complete carbonation of a highly reactive amorphous silicate phase was observed under moderately low pressure and temperature conditions (50−120 °C, 6 bar). Carbonation of

Recent studies have reported methane (CH4) emissions from abandoned oil and gas wells across the United States and the United Kingdom. These emissions can reach hundreds of kg CH4 per year per well and are important to include in greenhouse gas emission inventories and mitigation strategies. Emission estimates are generally based on single, short-term measurements that assume constant emission rates

Inferring CO2 saturation from seismic data is important when seismic methods are applied at CO2 sequestration sites for verification and accounting purposes, such as verifying the total injected CO2 volume, comparing with model predictions for concordance evaluation, tracking the migration of CO2 plume, and detecting possible leakage from the storage reservoir. In this work, we infer CO2 saturation

A large percentage of CO2 emissions are due to the combustion of fossil fuels for electricity generation. While a transition away from coal towards natural gas will reduce CO2 emissions, an even greater reduction in CO2 emissions can be achieved by retrofitting natural gas combined cycle (NGCC) plants with post-combustion CO2 capture (PCC) systems. A typical NGCC plant equipped with PCC was modeled

The expansion of China's coal-fired power industry is facing enormous pressure to reduce carbon emissions in the context of global decarbonization. Existing national-level carbon accounting is insufficient to support developing carbon reduction policies and measures tailored for specific locations. In this study, we conducted a spatially high-resolution analysis to estimate life-cycle carbon emissions

The removal of nitrogen oxides under a high pressure has been widely accepted as an effective method for the treatment of oxy-fuel combustion flue gas. The high pressure promotes the oxidation of NO to NO2, subsequently removed by water to form nitric acid. However, both the measurement and modeling of nitrogen oxides absorption shows uncertainties. To quantify the nitrogen mass balance, gas-phase

Several potential CO2 storage reservoirs have been found to have insufficient porosity and permeability to support cost effective commercial-scale injection. As a result, the use of hydraulic fracturing to enhance injectivity and storage capacity of CO2 storage reservoirs was explored. Previous modeling studies indicate that fracturing can increase storage capacity by modest to significant amounts

Carbon dioxide storage in deep saline aquifers can potentially reduce the CO2 concentration in the atmosphere due to anthropogenic activities with limited environmental impact. To minimize the risks of leakage, it is necessary to monitor the CO2 distribution in the reservoir. Here, we present a stochastic optimization method namely the Ensemble Smoother, to invert time-lapse marine controlled source

The wettability of a formation is defined as the tendency of one fluid to spread on a surface in competition with other fluids which are also in contact with it. However, the impact of temperature on wettability in an aquifer and the modification of relative permeability curves based on the temperature variation in aquifers is not well covered in the literature. This study redresses this dearth of

Basaltic rocks are being considered as a key host for carbon dioxide (CO2) storage. This is a function of their global distribution and relative reactivity, resulting in CO2 mineralization. However, the reactivity of mafic minerals allows for reaction and sequestration of other gases associated with point source emissions. Though many mechanisms exist to separate CO2 from flue gas, these can be costly

• A numerical model of a Chemical Looping Combustion (CLC) fixed bed reactors network for CH4 combustion is developed and studied in the present paper. The network is based on a parallel arrangement of couples of reactors in series. For every couple, the first reactor is filled with a Cu-based oxygen carrier (OC) while the second one exploits a Ni-based OC. The developed model allows to evaluate the

A controlled-release test at the In-Situ Laboratory Project in Western Australia injected 38 tonnes of gaseous CO2 between 336−342 m depth in a fault zone, and the gas was monitored by a wide range of downhole and surface monitoring technologies. Injection of CO2 at this depth fills the gap between shallow release (<25 m) and storage (>600 m) field trials. The main objectives of the controlled-release

In order to achieve the Paris Agreement target of well below 2-degrees centigrade goal, developed countries have committed to reducing their emissions considerably during the coming decades. In order to achieve the ambitious target of an 80 % CO2 emission reduction in Japan by 2050 (compared to 2013 levels), various energy efficient and low-carbon technologies on the supply and demand sides of the

The FluidBed model in Aspen Plus v10 is applied to simulate Calcium-looping for production of hydrogen-rich product gas from a bubbling fluidized bed carbonator of a dual fluidized bed (DFB) reactor. The predictions are compared with experimental results from a steady-state 20 kWth DFB biomass gasifier performing Ca-looping, fed with tar-free syngas. The effects of key operating parameters such as

This study presents an approach to screen sedimentary basins for their CO2 geological storage potential based on a 3D grid with geological data. The 3D grid-based screening was applied to the Gunsan Basin, offshore Korea, for selecting potential sub-basins. Six sub-basins were recognized and prioritized using a set of quantifiable criteria, reflecting storage capacity, geological risk, and socio-economic

Carbon capture and storage (CCS) would contribute considerably towards climate change mitigation, if it would be implemented on a very large scale; at many storage sites with substantial injection rates. Achieving high injection rates in deep saline aquifers requires a detailed assessment of injectivity performance and evaluation of the processes that alter the permeability of the near-well region

When CO2 is injected into aquifers, CO2 will dissolve into the water phase. CO2 dissolution initiated by diffusion, will increase the density of the water phase and thereby commence the convective flow of CO2. The objective of the presented work was to visually investigate the effects of permeability on the convective mixing of supercritical CO2 with water at realistic reservoir conditions (pressure

Carbon capture and storage (CCS) is considered an effective measure to reduce the anthropogenic CO2 emissions. Oxy-combustion with a theoretical capture rate of 100% is a very promising CCS technology. In order to show the potential of oxy-combustion two highly-efficient power cycles, the NET Power cycle and the Graz Cycle, are thus thermodynamically optimized and compared at full load for firing with

A techno-economic equation-based methodology is developed for optimal design and operation of integrated solvent-based post-combustion carbon capture (PCC) processes using a rate-based model for the interaction of gas and liquid. The algorithm considers a wide range of techno-economic design and operation parameters such as number of absorber/desorber columns, height of columns, diameter of columns