We present a new screening model for predicting injection well pressure buildup and CO2 plume migration for CO2 geologic sequestration projects. The model requires only limited information and is quite accurate when compared to detailed simulation results. Such models can assist project developers during the early days of project planning (e.g., for 45Q related projects), and also help regulators perform

This work is part of the Aquifer CO2-Leak project and aims to understand, quantify and model the environmental impact of a CO2 leak on water quality in the carbonate freshwater aquifer as well as CO2-water-carbonate interactions. The experiment has been performed within an Oligocene carbonate underground quarry located in Saint-Emilion (France). A water charged with dissolved CO2 was injected in the

New analysis of the baseline (pre-injection) seismic data at Sleipner has revealed large-scale, roughly north-trending, channelled ‘fairways’ at a range of stratigraphical levels in the Utsira Sand. The baseline data also reveal localised stratigraphical ‘point discontinuities’ within the reservoir, some of which show evidence of having provided vertical conduits for earlier natural gas flow. The repeat

Carbon capture and storage (CCS) is a key technology to reduce carbon dioxide (CO2) emissions from industrial processes in a feasible, substantial, and timely manner. For geological CO2 storage to be safe, reliable, and accepted by society, robust strategies for CO2 leakage detection, quantification and management are crucial. The STEMM-CCS (Strategies for Environmental Monitoring of Marine Carbon

The P-Cable technology is an acquisition principle for high-resolution and ultra-high-resolution 3D seismic data. Many 3D seismic datasets have been acquired over the last decade, but the application in time-lapse studies for monitoring of CO2 storage is a new and intriguing topic. High-resolution 3D (HR3D) seismic has the potential to detect and monitor CO2 leakage at carbon capture and storage sites

The importance of carbon capture and storage in mitigating climate change has emerged from the results of techno-economic or integrated assessment modeling, in which scenarios of future energy systems are developed subject to constraints from economic growth and climate change targets. These models rarely include limits imposed by injectivity, ultimate amounts, or the geographic distribution of storage

The presented experimental study focuses on the hydro-mechanical characterisation of a shale caprock (Opalinus Clay) in contact with carbon dioxide. The objective of this paper, consists in the evaluation of the material's sealing capacity in terms of entry-pressure, mechanical behaviour and sensitivity of the transport properties to chemo-mechanical effects induced by gaseous and liquid CO2 injection

Fortum Oslo Varme (FOV) decided (in July 2018) to build a 1:350 scale pilot plant to demonstrate that the selected Shell’s CANSOLV capture technology using solvent DC-103 is suitable for cleaning CO₂ from the exhaust gases of the Klemetsrud (Oslo, Norway) waste to energy (WtE) plant. This paper presents the most important measurement data and results from a pilot plant testing campaign from March to

Design of subsurface CO2 storage sites largely relies on numeric simulation-based predictions of plume extent and progressive immobilization. In most cases, sensitivity analyses are performed with corner-point grid representations of the geo-model and first-order IFD methods using two-point flux approximation (TPFA). Here, we have conducted a comprehensive analysis of the impact of the vertical resolution

Including direct air capture technologies (DAC) in power-to-gas (PtG) approaches offers the opportunity to close the carbon cycle by producing methane on a renewable, carbon neutral basis, while balancing fluctuations associated with an energy supply based on renewable sources. In this respect, various synergies can arise within the integrated process structure, resulting in a strong coupling of process

Carbon capture and storage (CCS) will have an essential role in meeting our climate change mitigation targets. CCS technologies are technically mature and will likely be deployed to decarbonise power, industry, heat, and removal of CO2 from the atmosphere. The assumption of a 90% CO2 capture rate has become ubiquitous in the literature, which has led to doubt around whether CO2 capture rates above

The scale of decarbonisation required to meet global emission reduction targets necessitates every abatement technology available be adequately explored. Carbon capture and storage (CCS) allows decarbonisation for sectors that are otherwise technically difficult and expensive to transition. This analysis used a levelised cost of electricity (LCOE) approach to identify optimal market-based mechanisms

A detailed investigation of the oxy-fuel combustion-based CCS consisting of air separation unit (ASU), supercritical boiler parameters and CO2 compression and purification unit (CPU) has been performed. A 660 MW supercritical power plant retrofitted to oxy-coal combustion has been simulated and analysed to investigate the operational characteristics of the oxy-coal combustion process by employing the

We investigated the effect of an artificial CO2 vent (0.0015−0.037 mol s−1), simulating a leak from a reservoir for carbon capture and storage (CCS), on the sediment geochemistry. CO2 was injected 3 m deep into the seafloor at 120 m depth. With increasing mass flow an increasing number of vents were observed, distributed over an area of approximately 3 m. In situ profiling with microsensors for pH

This paper demonstrates a deep neural network approach for predicting carbon dioxide (CO2) plume migration from an injection well in heterogeneous formations with high computational efficiency. With the data generation and training procedures proposed in this paper, we show that the deep neural network model can generate predictions of CO2 plume migration that are as accurate as traditional numerical

Mineralization is an important means for emission reduction and utilization of CO2. Industrial calcium-based by-products such as steelmaking slag and carbide slag are often used as inexpensive mineralizers for CO2. In this investigation, the pH was tested on-line during the mineralization process of CO2 and steelmaking slag, carbide slag and the compounded system of steelmaking slag and carbide slag

Sub-core properties of reservoir rocks are known to have a substantial impact on core-scale flow and saturation distribution, particularly considering CO2-brine coreflooding. Estimating these properties is important for various applications, e.g., investigation of capillary trapping and numerical modeling of coreflooding experiments. In this work we present an improved method for the procedure of Krause

Carbon dioxide storage combined with enhanced oil recovery (CCS-EOR) is an important approach for reducing greenhouse gas emissions. We use pore-scale imaging to help understand CO2 storage and oil recovery during CCS-EOR at immiscible and near-miscible CO2 injection conditions. We study in situ immiscible CO2 flooding in an oil-wet reservoir rock at elevated temperature and pressure using X-ray micro-tomography

Carbon dioxide capture and storage (CCS) can reduce CO2 emissions, but there is disagreement on its role. The disagreement is reflected in stark differences in stakeholders’ narratives on CCS. In the Netherlands, one extreme narrative focusses on CCS as part of a just transition and another on CCS as contributing to carbon lock-in. These narratives reflect different expectations of dynamic feedbacks

Tight gas reservoirs always have a low natural gas recovery because of the poor reservoir properties. Effective means on achieving enhanced gas recovery (EGR) in this type of reservoir remain a challenging task. In this study, experimental investigations on supercritical carbon dioxide (SCCO2) sequestration and EGR in tight gas reservoirs were presented. Results of phase behavior testing revealed that

Successful storage of CO2 in underground aquifers requires robust monitoring schemes for detecting potential leakage. To aid in this challenge we propose to use statistical approaches to gauge the value of seismic monitoring schemes in decision support systems. The new framework is based on geostatistical uncertainty modeling, reservoir simulations of the CO2 plume in the aquifer, and the associated

Ionic liquids (ILs) mixtures with water, amines, and other solvents have been receiving attention as alternative CO2 absorbents that could offer energy savings compared with traditional aqueous MEA processes and mitigate the high cost or viscosity of pure ionic liquids. In this work, mixtures of two ionic liquids (1-butyl-3-methylimidazolium acetate [bmim][OAc], 1-ethyl-3-methylimidazolium octylsulphate

The geochemical and isotopic characteristics of groundwaters in Chimayó, New Mexico, reflect processes that affect water quality in the Tesuque Aquifer, which overlies a leaking natural CO2 source in a structurally complex region. In this study, select isotopes (δ13C, 87Sr/86Sr, 234U/238U) are applied to groundwaters to better understand CO2 transport mechanisms and related water-rock interactions

Carbon dioxide Capture and Storage (CCS) is considered a key strategy for decarbonising industries which have limited options for tackling CO2 process emissions. Previous efforts to develop CCS projects have been thwarted by adverse public perceptions amongst other issues. Understanding and tracking public perceptions prior to project development is therefore highly advisable. This study explores public

The present study performs a detailed investigation on the chemical mechanisms of calcium carbonate precipitation for cement-based materials in different reactive environments, which is aiming to interpret the divergences in existing experimental studies. Subsequently, the mechanical influences of carbonation is evaluated for the integrity assessment of wellbore system adopted in the CO2 sequestration

The fundamental characteristics of CO2 desorption from absorbents were assessed to highlight the importance of CO2 desorption in a CO2 absorption field. Four monoethanolamine (MEA)-based absorbents were tested for their absorption and desorption performances, including MEA/water, MEA/ethanol, and two kinds of MEA/ethanol/water. MEA/ethanol exhibited a higher absorption rate, higher regeneration fraction

Gas separation is an important separation process to many industries, and membrane separation using hollow fibre membranes (HFMs) has become one of the emerging technologies. In this article, the gas separation concepts, gas transport mechanism, and the fabrication and gas separation performance of HFMs including asymmetric HFMs, thin film composite hollow fibre membranes (TFC-HFMs), and mixed matrix

This research presents a 2D mass-transfer simulation model using computational fluid dynamics (CFD) for separation of CO2 from a binary gas mixture of CO2/CH4 by means of polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE) hollow fiber membrane contactor (HFMC). Governing equations with their corresponding boundary conditions are solved using COMSOL Multiphysics and the results are validated against reported experimental

CO2 injection into shale facilitates a dual-purpose utility in enabling geological CO2 sequestration with enhanced gas recovery (CS-EGR). Unfortunately, the CS-EGR responses under anisotropic/heterogeneous permeability and in-situ stress remain unclear. This study presents a thermal-hydraulic-mechanical coupled model to numerically determine how the anisotropic/heterogeneous permeability and/or in-situ

In this work, we present a numerical framework for non-isothermal compositional compressible gas-water phase flow simulations in non-fractured and fractured porous media on structured and unstructured meshes. The framework is implemented as the simulator “DMflow”. The discretization of the mass conservation equations is based on the fully-implicit scheme and cell-centered finite-volume control-volume

The objective of the Aquifer-CO2Leak project is to get insights into carbon dioxide CO2 migration in aquifers within the context of Carbon Capture and Storage (CCS) and to test the different equipment necessary for CO2 monitoring. The underlying idea is to develop an experiment in the saturated zone (phreatic) of the underground limestone quarry located at Gironde department (France). It consists in

This work aims to understand oxygen solubility in pure and aqueous amine solvents for CO2 capture. Commercially available dissolved oxygen sensors were studied to evaluate whether these can be used for measuring oxygen solubility in the carbon capture processes. It also aims to understand the possible discrepancies from realistic concentrations of oxygen when using a dissolved oxygen sensor. Two independent

CO2 based water-alternating-gas (WAG) injection and surfactant-alternating-gas (SAG) injection have shown to be two effective and practical methods to enhance oil recovery, which, also achieves carbon sequestration as well. In this study, a combination of experiment and numerical simulation was used to evaluate the performances of WAG and SAG flooding in low-permeability reservoir. Core drainage experiments

Carbamates of primary or secondary amines play a central role in amine CO2 absorbents. The equilibrium constant of a carbamate hydrolysis reaction, Kch, is important for evaluating the performance of absorbents. However, few Kch values have been reported to date. We determined the Kch values of normal amines, such as monoethanolamine (MEA), diethanolamine (DEA), and hindered amines, such as 2-amin

CO2 enhanced water recovery (CO2-EWR) is one of the most promising technologies for geologic carbon sequestration. The migration characteristics and displacement efficiency of supercritical CO2 (SC-CO2) after injection into a saline aquifer directly affect the feasibility and economy of a CO2-EWR project. Multiple clay interlayers often develop in the target sandstone reservoir and combine in different

The Illinois Basin – Decatur Project is a large-scale carbon capture and storage demonstration project located in Decatur, Illinois, USA. In this project, one million metric tons of carbon dioxide (CO2) was captured from an ethanol production facility and successfully injected into a deep saline reservoir over a period of three years. The scale of this project presented an opportunity to explore emerging

Recent studies have shown that underground natural gas storage leaks can be indirectly detected through the spectral changes of surface vegetation. However, due to the phenomenon of different samples demonstrating the same spectrum, using a spectral-based approach may result in misdetection. Vegetation stressed by natural gas leakage has unique spatial patterns. Therefore, a field experiment of natural

Three kinds of K2CO3-based solid sorbents was tested in a 0.5 MWe-scale test-bed, integrated with a real coal fired power plant. The test-bed, consisting of a fast fluidized-bed carbonator, a bubbling fluidized-bed regenerator and a bubbling fluidized-bed sorbent cooler, was installed beside a Unit #3 in a Hadong coal-fired power plant. The components of K2CO3-based solid sorbents were an active reaction

The capture and subsurface storage of carbon dioxide is a sustainable option that is currently pursued worldwide to mitigate greenhouse gas effect. However, predicting the long-term mechanical integrity of CO2 underground storage systems remains a challenge. To address that question, it is essential to understand the influence of fluid-rock chemo-mechanical interactions on the long-term and on the

CO2 capture and storage technology, which is used to control the rate of global warming, is the most promising and feasible solution to reduce the concentration of CO2 in the atmosphere. In this work, experiment and simulation of CO2 capture process using low transition temperature mixtures (LTTMs) as solvents are studied. First, LTTMs were synthesized by using levulinic acid as hydrogen bond donor

This study investigates the impact of operational fluctuations and uncertainties on the design and expected cost of ship-based CO2 transport. The model analysis is based on a two-stage stochastic investment model for a single-source single-sink CCS value chain with a ship-based transport system. The sailing time of the ship is uncertain due to changing weather conditions. The optimal investment decisions

Given China’s economic dependence on coal for energy and industry, carbon capture, utilization and storage (CCUS) technology is a critical decarbonization strategy. Carbon dioxide (CO2) enhanced oil recovery (EOR) is critical to success of CCUS in China, providing the industrial know-how for long-term carbon storage. Carbon dioxide flooding in both China and the United States began in the 1960s. While

CO2-water drainage relative permeability is usually measured in laboratory using a three-stage unsteady-state flooding on cores. This three-stage flooding involves injecting water, then CO2-saturated water, and finally water-saturated supercritical CO2. The injection of CO2-saturated water has been previously found to generate fines due to mineral dissolution. The generated fines can flow with injected

Aerosol-driven solvent losses have been identified as one of the major challenges of amine-based post-combustion CO2 capture. In this work, a multi-component aerosol dynamics model based on the discrete-sectional approach, accounting for condensation and coagulation was coupled with a process simulation model developed using ASPEN PLUS v10® to account for the multi-component mass and heat transfer

Cross bedding is a prominent sedimentary structure commonly found in fluvial and coastal to shallow-marine sedimentary sequences, which are often considered for the geological CO2 storage. A millimeter-thick silt- or mudstone lamina draped over a lens of sandstone is characteristic for cross bedding. This type of sedimentary structure gives rise to a greater capillary heterogeneity trapping capacity

The terms of the Paris Agreement oblige Kazakhstan to decrease its Greenhouse Gas (GHG) emissions by 2030. Annual GHG emissions of the country already went beyond the limit set by the Paris agreement in 2014 and this number is expected to increase with a growing economy showing that current measures of GHG mitigation in the country are insufficient. Despite the energy sector of the country being heavily

The international commitments for atmospheric carbon reduction will require a rapid increase in carbon capture and storage (CCS) projects. The key to any successful CCS project lies in the long term storage and prevention of leakage of stored carbon dioxide (CO2). In addition to being a greenhouse gas, CO2 leaks reaching the surface can accumulate in low-lying areas resulting in a serious health risk

In addition to the sharp growth of unconventional natural gas wells in the past decade, there are few hundred thousands of abandoned and orphaned wells across the world, potentially contributing to gas emissions. Failure in the barrier and sealing capabilities of the cement and casing are of factors playing role in these leakages. Squeeze job as a remedial treatment is performed to place cement slurry

Several researchers have studied the Sleipner model to understand the inherent flow physics better, to find a satisfactory match of the CO2 plume migration. Various sources of uncertainty in the geological model and the fluid have been investigated. Most of the work undertaken on the Sleipner model employed the one factor at a time (OFAT) method and analysed the impact of uncertain parameters on plume

This paper presents the results of site selection and characterization for onshore 10,000-ton-class CO2 pilot storage in the Miocene Janggi Basin, SE Korea. The results were obtained from an integrated analysis of geological, geophysical, and geotechnical data, and indicated that Noeseongsan Subbasin is filled by >1-km-thick terrestrial sediments with dacitic to basaltic volcanic materials. Promising

CCS is expected to play a sizeable role over the next several decades to drastically abate greenhouse gas emissions in the energy system by 2050. With the integrated assessment model TIAM-ECN we project how large its contribution could be in Europe in the power sector and industry, and analyze how this contribution may be affected by cost decline (driven by technological innovation) and ambitious greenhouse

The fluid mobilities and the lateral extent of the CO2 plume and the dry-out zone are among important unknowns required to effectively manage CO2 storage in saline aquifers projects. These unknowns can be derived from pressure falloff testing which has been widely used to characterize the subsurface. This work provides a three-region analytical solution for falloff pressure during the infinite-acting

Depleted oil fields in the Gulf of Suez (Egypt) can serve as geothermal reservoirs for power generation using a CO2-Plume Geothermal (CPG) system, while geologically sequestering CO2. This entails the injection of a substantial amount of CO2 into the highly permeable brine-saturated Nubian Sandstone. Numerical models of two-phase flow processes are indispensable for predicting the CO2-plume migration

If carbon capture and storage (CCS) needs to be deployed at basin- or larger-scale, it is likely that multiple sites will be injecting carbon dioxide (CO2) into the same geologic formation. This could lead to excessive pressure buildup, overlapping induced pressure fronts, and pressure interference with neighboring uses of the subsurface. Extracting the in situ brine from the storage formation could