This paper provides a discussion of the experimental results obtained at the amine-based carbon capture pilot plant having the capacity of 200 m3n/h of flue gas, using 30 wt% ethanolamine solution as a solvent. The objective was to prove the superiority of application of advanced amine flow systems as well as of the novel stripper internal heater fulfilling pilot Technology Readiness Level. Standard

In this study, a well-to-wheels life cycle assessment was conducted to determine the environmental impacts from disposing of petroleum coke by converting it into liquid fuel. Specifically, this work is an extension of the life cycle assessment of the petcoke standalone gasification to diesel study which also includes two new pathways for converting petroleum coke and natural gas to Fischer Tropsch

Residual oil zones (ROZs) are increasingly gaining interest as potential reservoirs for carbon dioxide (CO2) storage. Here, we present a national- and regional-scale methodology for estimating prospective CO2 storage resources in residual oil zones. This methodology uses a volumetric equation that accounts for CO2 storage as a free phase in pore space and as a dissolved phase in oil and does not assume

Dissolution of CO2 into formation brine could lead to density-driven convective mixing which enhances the transfer rate of free-phase CO2 into saline aquifers and thus plays an important role in efficient and secure long-term geological storage. In practical projects, CO2 is always co-injected with multiple impurities to reduce capture costs or to dispose hazardous species like SO2 and H2S alongside

Global warming represents substantial and severe challenges for human beings today. As one of the most worth ways to slowing the global warming, Carbon Capture Utilization and Storage (CCUS) is promising technology receiving more attention. As an important link, CO2 should be safe transportation from capture point to storage point. Pipeline transportation is most economical and more research is required

Reduction of the CO2 mobility is beneficial during subsurface sequestration of anthropogenic CO2 in saline aquifers and hydrocarbon reservoirs by mitigating flow instabilities leading to early gas breakthrough and poor sweep efficiency. Injection of CO2 foam is a field-proven technology for gas mobility control. Foam generation and coalescence are compared between six commercially available surfactants

The effect of natural CO2 leakage through water wells on groundwater chemistry from alluvial aquifers of Hamadan, Iran, has been investigated through analysis of water samples from 5 springs and 19 wells. The average CO2 partial pressure in gas charged groundwater has increased about 32 times with respect to background groundwater, leading to an increase in alkalinity and in the concentration of all

Efforts to capture CO2 from anthropogenic sources as well as from the air are being continuously intensified as to battle the greenhouse gas effects and climate change. Capture by liquid solvent absorption, mainly involving amines, is the common industrial practice, yet capture relying on solid adsorbents is increasingly gaining interest due to its potential for less energy-demanding and more efficient

A process-based approach to soil gas monitoring at geologic CO2 storage sites is an accurate, simple, and cost-effective alternative to other “concentration-based” soil gas methods which require complicated long-term baseline data collection and analysis. The current limitation to implementing a process-based method on an industrial scale (e.g. gigatons of storage) is a lack of technology for economical

Corrosion is one of the critical problems for process operations and plant life. Amine-based post-combustion CO2 capture systems are known to be corrosive. This is because of the absorption of CO2 by aqueous amine solution, which makes the system acidic and generates oxidizing agents through ionization leading to corrosion. Corrosion increases with CO2 loading, process temperature, presence of oxygen

We present the longitudinal (VP) and shear (VS) wave velocities and their anisotropy of coal-samples under dry, water, and partially CO2 saturated conditions. The elastic-constants have also been subsequently computed and presented. The results show that the VS generally increases when the pores are filled with a less compressible fluid which effectively raises the bulk modulus. VP depends on the combination

Oxy-fuel combustion needs recycled flue gas to reduce furnace temperature for material protection. The enhanced CO2 alters coal devolatilization behavior. Devolatilization (albeit very quick) determines the whole life of coal in furnace, and thus it is essential to clarify the effects of CO2 gas media on coal devolatilization behavior. However, previous works achieved conflicting results due to operation

To accelerate the deployment of Carbon Capture and Storage (CCS) based on the solid amine adsorbents towards a practical scale application relevant to Natural Gas Combined Cycle (NGCC) power plants, this study has evaluated the cyclic performance of a polyethylenimine/silica adsorbent of kg scale in a laboratory scale bubbling fluidized bed reactor. A high volumetric concentration 80−90 vol% of steam

Process analyzers for in-situ monitoring give advantages over the traditional analytical methods such as their fast response, multi-chemical information from a single measurement unit, minimal errors in sample handing and ability to use for process control. This study discusses the suitability of Raman spectroscopy as a process analytical tool for in-situ monitoring of CO2 capture using aqueous monoethanolamine

The shear strength and hydraulic permeability of the interface between well cement and casing was investigated using a triaxial direct shear apparatus. For the first time, these experiments provide measurements under controlled stress conditions with fluid flow measurements along the interface. The low cohesion (1.1 ± 1.1 MPa) and the high friction angle (43.4 ± 2.0°) indicates that the shear strength

Subsurface reservoirs are targeted formations for geologic carbon dioxide (CO2) storage. Even if proper management of injection pressures minimizes the risks of induced seismicity, high pressure CO2 can interact with brine-saturated host rock and cause microstructural changes that lead to alterations in poromechanical properties of the rock. The effect is well pronounced in carbonate-rich rock, but

Carbon Capture and Storage has the potential to make a significant contribution to the mitigation of climate change, however there is a regulatory and societal obligation to demonstrate storage robustness and minimal local environmental impact. This requires an understanding of environmental impact potential and detectability of a range of hypothetical leak scenarios. In the absence of a significant

CO2 sequestration into saline aquifers has been demonstrated as an effective technique to mitigate the effects of carbon dioxide on the atmosphere. The displacement mechanism during this process has not been clarified and the two-phase immiscible flow is affected by many factors. In this study, two types of homogeneous micromodels with circular and square cross sections were used to investigate the

The general acceptance of the CO2 geological storage by stakeholders passes through the assessment and mitigation of risks, potentially induced or increased by the disposal activity. Injection of moderate to large quantities of CO2 in the sub-surface may unbalance local stress and trigger earthquakes if faults are critically stressed, condition that is not easily verifiable. Pilot sites are therefore

In this study, the performance of both surface and borehole time-lapse gravity monitoring to detect CO2 leakage from a carbon storage site is evaluated. Several hypothetical scenarios of CO2 migration in a leaky fault, and thief zones at different depths at the Kimberlina site (California, USA) constitute the basis of the approach. The CO2 displacement is simulated using the TOUGH2 simulator applied

One potential risk in CO2 sequestration is the leakage of carbon dioxide, which can result in contamination of underground water, creating potential threats to existing ecosystems. The common leakage pathway is through the pre-existing fractures or discontinuities within cement in the wellbore, incurred by the environmental conditions imposed on the cement. Injecting nanoparticles into pre-existing

In this paper, by means of thermo-gravimetric analysis(TGA), the desorption kinetics of CO2 absorbed in two kinds of rich amine solutions, MDEA (3.25mol/L) and MDEA+DEA(3.25mol/L-0.3mol/L), were investigated under different heating rates(2.5℃/min, 5℃/min, 10℃/min and 20℃/min). The thermal analysis kinetics was applied to analyze the TG-DTG curves of two rich amine solutions so as to research CO2 desorption

Combined calcium-copper materials based on calcium zirconate (CaO/CuO/CaZrO3) for Calcium-Copper Chemical Looping (Ca-Cu Looping) have been synthesized using a scalable wet chemical method and characterized by powder X-ray diffraction (PXRD) with Rietveld refinement, temperature-programmed reduction (H2-TPR) and oxidation (O2-TPO), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy

We analyze four general architectures for electrochemically mediated carbon dioxide capture systems, in each of which the electrophilicity of a redox active absorbent or absorbent blocking species is manipulated to influence the system's affinity for CO2. It is shown that the open circuit potentials of these architectures converge given the appropriate reference - namely a state in which no CO2 is

Oxy-combustion typically consists of burning coal with a combination of oxygen and a large amount of recycled flue gas (60–70%) to obtain a similar heat flux profile to that of air-fired systems. As the cost of electricity from first-generation oxy-combustion is relatively high, several new oxy-combustion process concepts have been proposed in recent years, and within these, the proposed amount of

A 30-kWth moving-bed chemical looping system has been developed at the Industrial Technology Research Institute of Taiwan. In this system, methane is supplied as a fuel to a reducer, and steam enters an oxidizer to produce hydrogen under ambient pressure. An iron-based oxygen carrier is used and pneumatically transported in the system. In this study, a hydrogen production test was performed on the

It has been suggested that non-aqueous solvents containing amines may provide alternatives to aqueous alkanolamine solvents due to the potentially lower energy requirement for the regeneration of the amine. This paper presents experimental data on the solubility of CO2 and heat of absorption in the organic solvent N-methyl-2-pyrrolidone (NMP) and mixtures of 2-amino-2-methyl-1-propanol (AMP) in NMP

An almost continuous 13,000 h long-term testing under real operating conditions was conducted at the post combustion capture pilot plant in the Niederaussem lignite-fired power plant, with a 30 wt% aqueous monoethanolamine (MEA) solvent solution. The capture plant at Niederaussem shows lower solvent consumption and emissions in comparison to other testing facilities, which are also part of the ALIGN-CCUS

Mitigation of CO2 emissions in the industrial sector is one of the main climate challenges for the coming decades. This work, carried out within the STEPWISE H2020 project, performs a preliminary techno-economic assessment of the Sorption Enhanced Water Gas Shift (SEWGS) technology when integrated into the iron and steel plant to mitigate CO2 emissions. The SEWGS separates the CO2 from the iron and

Coupled fluid-flow and geomechanical analysis of caprock integrity has gained a lot of attention among scientists and researchers investigating the long-term performance of geologic carbon storage systems. Reactivation of pre-existing fractures within the caprock or re-opening of faults can create permeable pathways which can influence the seal integrity. Stability of the caprock during and after injection

CO2 leakage through damaged wellbore cement sheaths is a major risk of geologic CO2 storage (GCS), as conventional wellbore cement is brittle and can be damaged due to acid attack and downhole stresses during CO2 injection. Here we examine a novel fiber-reinforced engineered cementitious composite (ECC) proposed as a substitute to conventional wellbore cement due to its superior ductility and intrinsic

Centrifugal Fluid Separation technology, in particular Supersonic Gas Separation (SGS), is one of the potential technologies considered for offshore CO2 capture. SGS has advantages in terms of CAPEX, hydrocarbon losses, footprint, tonnage and power requirement compared to conventional solutions such as membrane. Even though the technology has been developed since 1989, the applications are limited

Carbon dioxide capture and storage combined with enhanced deep saline water recovery (CCS-EWR) is a potential approach to mitigate climate change. However, its investment has been a dilemma due to high costs and various uncertainties. In this study, a trinomial tree modelling-based real options approach is constructed to assess the investment in CCS-EWR retrofitting for direct coal liquefaction in

In response to global warming, it is important to explore alternative disposal technologies for greenhouse gas emissions in the geothermal power sector. One alternative which has received widespread focus is co-injection of non-condensable gases with the waste fluids from geothermal operations. Passarella et al. (2015) simulated the interaction between brine with dissolved CO2 and H2S, and a sample

This study investigates the mass transfer intensification in the absorption of carbon dioxide (CO₂) into a monoethanolamine (MEA) solution enhanced by TiO2 nanoparticles in a typical rotating packed bed (RPB). The overall volumetric gas phase mass transfer coefficients (KGa) were investigated in a counter-current RPB with blade packings. The effects of TiO2 and MEA concentrations, rotational speed

Recently, the excellent performance of ionic liquid and MEA mixed solution as CO2 absorbent has been researched by many scholars, while the corrosion mechanism of the mixed solutions is less discussed. In this work, the corrosion behavior of AISI 1020 steel in MEA and [Bmim]BF4 mixed solutions Containing saturated CO2 was studied by weight loss experiment. Morphology of scales and metal surface was

A novel strategy for efficient CO2 capture by tuning the strength of cation coordination interactions of alkali metal chelated dual functional ionic liquids (DFILs) is reported. CO2 absorption and viscosity experiment, quantum-mechanical calculations showed that the strengthening of the coordination interactions between alkali metal ions and alkanolamine ligands of DFILs containing imidazolide anion

The Baptiste deposit is located within the Decar nickel district in British Columbia, Canada and is a promising candidate for a CO2 sequestration demonstration project. The deposit contains awaruite (nickel-iron alloy) hosted in an ultramafic complex, which is dominated by serpentine [Mg3Si2O5(OH)4; ∼80 wt.%] and contains reactive brucite [Mg(OH)2; 0.6–12.6 wt.%]. Experiments were conducted using metallurgical

An in-situ FT-IR based quantitative analysis model has been designed to track the internal state of solvent mixtures in a CO2 capture process. This approach is much faster and easier than using GC or NMR, but conventional linear multivariate analysis is not suitable due to the poor resolution of FT-IR. The conventional PLS regression also exhibits bad performance due to its inability to reflect the

Coupled modelling, based on laboratory data, indicated that the storage seal above the Captain reservoir of the Peterhead CCS project could be affected by stresses caused by clay swelling due to CO2 interaction. In particular, calculations indicate that, over a period of 100 – 10,000 years, local shear failure in rock exposed to CO2 may occur under unfavourable stress conditions. The likelihood and

Carbon dioxide (CO2) injection into geological formations is gaining global interest. Examples include CO2 storage to mitigate greenhouse gas emissions and water alternating gas (WAG) injection for enhanced oil recovery (EOR) and storage. Injected CO2 inevitably dissolves in water (injected or formation), which results in acidic conditions that can dissolve the rock matrix in carbonate reservoirs.

This paper assesses the role of carbon dioxide capture and storage (CCS) in addressing challenges in the energy transition in regions reliant on carbon-intensive industries for employment and as an economic base. The assessment is based on semi-structured interviews with relevant stakeholders and experts in the Aberdeen area in Scotland, the Rotterdam harbour (or Rijnmond) area in the Netherlands,

Carbon Capture and Storage (CCS) is an essential technology for CO2 emissions reductions, which will allow us to continue consuming fossil fuels in the short to medium term. In this work, we developed a multiscale modeling and optimization approach that links detailed models of the capture plant, compression train and pipelines with the CO2 supply-chain network model. This was used to find the cost-optimal

We investigated the relationship between amine structure and corrosion rates in a study of the corrosion behaviour of carbon steel in CO2-loaded 4-amino-1-propyl-piperidine (4A1PPD) solution and a series of related amines. Electrochemical measurements showed that 4A1PPD displayed the lowest corrosion rate of the amines studied, and that the corrosion rate decreased with the increase of the number of

The combustion of fuel in oxygen rather than in air is one route to allow for the large-scale capture and storage of CO2. An alternative to the conventional air separation to produce oxygen, which imposes a significant energy penalty, is chemical looping air separation (CLAS). CLAS exploits the cyclic oxidation and reduction of solid oxygen materials. Here, the equilibrium partial pressure curves and

Geologic CO2 sequestration sites usually have large uncertainty in geological properties, such as uncertainty in permeability and porosity fields. Geological uncertainty leads to significant uncertainty in predicted risk metrics such as CO2 plume extent, CO2/brine leakage rates through wellbores, and impacts to drinking water quality in groundwater aquifers due to CO2/brine leakage, all of which will

The Upper Silesian Coal Basin in Poland is one of the major European hotspots of CH4 release. Until now, no data concerning short-term CH4 emissions from coal mines have been accessible worldwide. They are available only on a yearly timescale. No values are provided on a higher temporal scale, that’s why the measurements presented here are of great importance. This paper discusses short-term CH4 emissions

The technical feasibility of removing heat stable salts (HSS) such as total organic acids (TOA) from industrial lean methyldiethanolamine (MDEA) solutions using calcium alginate/clay hybrid (CAH) composite adsorbent in a continuous fixed bed adsorber has been investigated. The effect of process parameters such as bed diameter, bed height, feed flow rate, and flow direction on breakthrough time, adsorption

Quantifying the petrophysical properties of low-permeability sedimentary units helps to determine the possibility of upward flow of supercritical carbon dioxide when evaluating a site for safe confinement of geologic carbon storage. This research examines fine-scale pore characteristics that affect the sealing capacity of the Upper Ordovician Maquoketa interval, a thick and heterogeneous sequence of

Mineral carbonation is a carbon utilisation technology in which an alkaline material reacts with carbon dioxide forming stable carbonates that can have different further uses, for instance as construction material. The alkaline material can be a residue from industrial activities (e.g. metallurgic slags) while CO2 can be recovered from industrial flue gasses. Mineral carbonation presents several potential

Leakage of carbon dioxide (CO2) vessel can significantly affect the safety in the field of carbon capture and storage technology (CCS). Studies of small rupture leakage in the early accidental release stage are required. In this study, to investigate the release from small rupture under different working conditions, an experimental CO2 blowdown device was presented, transient pressure and mass flow

Chemical absorption is currently the most promising large-scale CO2 capture technology due to its high capture efficiency, mature process, and good compatibility. While this process uses solvent to absorb the CO2 from flue gas in absorption column, part of the solvents and its degradation products are discharged with the flue gas, causing new environmental pollution. This paper introduces the pollutants

For the concerns of global warming, there is an urgent need of green, low-cost, and sustainable ways for the conversion and utilization of fossil energy. Holding the merit of inherent CO2 separation during carbonaceous fuel conversion, chemical looping technique is emerging as a perfect alternative to conventional fossil fuel conversion processes. Central to this technique is the design of high-performance

The U.S. Environmental Protection Agency’s Class VI regulations for underground carbon dioxide (CO2) injection require owners and operators of storage projects to identify (1) an Area of Review (AoR) that represents the region that may be affected by the injection of CO2, and (2) leakage risks that might impact the quality of underground sources of drinking water (USDWs). This article describes how

Solvent-based post-combustion carbon capture (PCC) with packed column is the most commercially ready CO2 capture technology. To study commercial-scale PCC processes, validated pilot scale models are often scaled up to commercial-scale using the generalized pressure drop correlation (GPDC) chart which requires assuming the column pressure drop. The GPDC method may lead to either over-estimation or under-estimation