Abstract: In this study, an amino-functionalized magnetic silica microsphere material (Fe3O4-SiO2-NH2) was prepared. Using glutaraldehyde as a cross-linking agent, Trametes versicolor laccase was adsorbed-covalently bonded and immobilized on the material to prepare Laccase @ Fe3O4-SiO2. In addition, the materials were characterized and analyzed by SEM, TEM, XRD, FT-IR and VSM. Finally, the thermal

Abstract Fluoride concentrations in groundwater can be high in some Brazilian aquifers and therefore these waters should be treated before consumption. This study assessed the properties of Mn-oxide-coated alumina (AM) prepared by two-step heating in water defluoridation. The release of secondary contaminants (e.g. Al3+ and Mn2+) from alumina was also examined, as their removal by vermiculite. The

Abstract Counter-diffusional biofilms are efficient in the removal of nitrogen from low strength wastewaters. Although counter-diffusion is usually stablished using expensive gas-permeable membranes, a polyurethane sheet is used to separate the aerobic and anoxic environments in the novel foam aerated biofilm reactor (FABR). Foam sheets with thicknesses of 10, 5 and 2 mm and synthetic wastewater with

Abstract This study aims to optimize the self-flocculation ability of microalgae Desmodesmus sp.CHX1 by the response surface methodology (RSM). Key parameters (i.e pH, temperature, and flocculation time) that significantly affected the Desmodesmus sp.CHX1 flocculation were determined. Results show that the flocculation efficiency of Desmodesmus sp.CHX1 increased in response to the prolonged settling

Abstract Ethylene spent caustic with strong alkalinity, high chemical oxygen demand (COD) and toxicity could not be directly discharged without pretreatment. In this paper, the composition of spent caustic from a petrochemical enterprise was analyzed. Effects of oxidants, reaction temperature, pressure and residence time on the removal ratio of COD in the spent caustic were investigated. The oxidation

Transition metal oxides have been applied to degrade organic dyes found in water bodies via photocatalysis. To do it, however, is essential that the dye molecules adsorb onto the metal oxide surface. Thus, optimizing the adsorption capacity of the adsorbent increases the probability of reaction between oxidation radicals and organic dye molecules and maximizes the effectiveness per gram of photocatalyst

Abstract In this study, we have applied Fe(III)-bi-carboxylic acid solutions containing citrate and oxalate ligands to degrade 3-méthylphénol (3MP) in aqueous solutions both under UV and sunlight. Under irradiation at 365 nm, the photodegradation of 3MP is markedly better in the presence of the Fe(III)Ox complex than in the Fe(III)Cit complex this fact is explained by an excess of H2O2 and Fe(II) generated

Abstract This study investigated for the first time the efficiency of an advanced oxidation process (AOP) zero valent iron/hydrogen peroxide (ZVI/H2O2) employing iron nails for the removal of Natural Organic Matter (NOM) from natural water of Regent’s Park lake, London, UK. The low cost of nails and their easy separation from the water after the treatment make this AOP attractive for water utilities

Abstract A previous isolated Gordonia sp. (Lff) was used to degrade di-n-octyl phthalate (DOP) contamination both in aqueous solution and soil. The influence of temperature, pH, inoculum size, salt content and initial concentration of DOP on DOP degradation by Lff were analysed. The response of soil bacterial community to DOP and Lff was also analysed by Illumina MiSeq sequence method. Results showed

ABSTRACT. Sediment microbial fuel cells (SMFCs) have served as an alternative technique to suppress phosphorus release from lake sediments to water bodies and thus mitigate eutrophication. However, the phosphorus regulation mechanism remains unclear. The purpose of this research was to understand the electrochemical influence of an SMFC on the phosphorus concentration in interstitial water. In this

Abstract The current environmental problems urgently require researchers to seek an environmentally friendly, effective and easy to operate sewage treatment method. Graphite carbon nitride (g-C3N4), which has the advantages of simple preparation, safety, non-toxicity and chemical resistance, was expected to become a photocatalyst for solving environmental pollution. However, the performances of g-C3N4

Abstract In this study, we synthesized and modified titanate nanotubes (TNTs) under different conditions of acid rinsing and calcination. The produced materials were then characterized by transmission electron microscopy, X-ray diffraction, ultraviolet-visible spectroscopy, temperature programmed desorption, inductively coupled plasma atomic emission spectroscopy, and Brunauer-Emmett-Teller analysis

Abstract Down-flow hanging sponge (DHS) reactor that is sponge-based trickling filter was considered to be an alternative aerobic treatment system for low strength sewage treatment under tropical conditions. This study aims to determine the process performance of the DHS reactor combined with a pre-treatment sedimentation tank (SED) system installed at the municipality sewage treatment plant in Khon

Abstract The Structured Bed Reactor with Recirculation and Intermittent Aeration (SBRRIA) is a reactor configuration that presents high efficiency of organic matter and nitrogen removal, besides low sludge production. However, operational parameters, as the recirculation rate, aeration time, and airflow, are not fully established. A bench-scale structured bed reactor with intermittent aeration was

ABSTRACT The aim of the work was to assess the efficiency of ozonation and ozonation in combination with H2O2 in jet loop reactor to increase biotreatability of persistent veterinary antibiotic Tiamulin. The efficiency of oxidative processes was monitored by combined approach based on determination of efficiency of wastewater treatment and impact to waste sludge stabilization. Degradation of Tiamulin

ABSTRACT The aim of the work was to assess the efficiency of ozonation and ozonation in combination with H2O2 in jet loop reactor to increase biotreatability of persistent veterinary antibiotic Tiamulin. The efficiency of oxidative processes was monitored by combined approach based on determination of efficiency of wastewater treatment and impact to waste sludge stabilization. Degradation of Tiamulin

Abstract: Oil-based cuttings (OBCs) produced by shale gas exploitation are classified as hazardous waste. Their appropriate utilization and disposal is a key issue that urgently needs to be resolved. A single-phase microemulsion (SPM) has ultra-low interfacial tension and strong solubilization ability. In view of this, based on an analysis of the characteristics of OBCs, SPMs have been selected for

Abstract Informal landfill is a common waste treatment method employed in rural areas of China, and phthalic acid esters (PAEs) are one of the typical pollutants in landfill leachate. However, there is no corresponding theoretical basis for whether microbial treatment technology can be used to reduce environmental risk of PAEs in informal landfills. Thus, a typical informal landfill site in northern

Abstract Heavy metal immobilization using biochar (BC) is different from the usual soil incubation due to the low molecular weight organic acids (LMWOAs) in the rhizosphere and is an issue worth evaluating. Therefore, the impacts of rice husk BC (5%), tartaric acid, and oxalic acid, coupled with combinations of BC and tartaric acid/oxalic acid on the transformation of cadmium (Cd), lead (Pb), and zinc

ABSTRACT The eutrophication and increase in toxicity promoted by the continuous or abundant supply of nutrients in water bodies threaten the safety of drinking water and human health. In this regard, this study proposes the investigation of wastewater treatment focusing on the simultaneous removal of nitrogen and phosphorus in the anaerobic-oxic-anoxic (AOA) system. The AOA system was operated in three

Abstract As the population increases, energy demands continue to rise rapidly. In order to satisfy this increasing energy demand, biogas offers a potential alternative. Biogas is economically viable to be produced through anaerobic digestion (AD) from various biomass feedstocks that are readily available in Malaysia, such as food waste (FW), palm oil mill effluent (POME), garden waste (GW), landfill

Abstract The persistence of organic pollutants is an important environmental property due to the extended possibility to have an impact of corresponding substances. In many cases, the experimental values of the thousands of contaminants are missing. The object of the study is novel computational modeling for air pollutions. Quantitative structure–property relationship (QSPR) for air half-life has been

Abstract This research aimed the performance evaluation of a structured-bed reactor with different cycles of Intermittent Aeration (IA)(SBRRIA) in the municipal sewage treatment and the verification of the effect of IA cycles on the total nitrogen (TN) removal and organic matter (COD). Three IA cycles were evaluated: phase I (4h AE (aeration on) - 2h NA (aeration off)); II (2h AE - 1h NA) and III (2h

Abstract In the present study, removal of pollutants in greywater (GW) was investigated using a novel bacterial-fungal consortium. Response surface methodology (RSM) was used for the optimization of process variables like pH, temperature, inoculum size, and Carbon- Nitrogen (C/N ratio) for degradation of pollutants. Experiments were based on Box Behnken statistical design and the results show a good

Abstract In this work, coal bottom ash was modified by alkaline fusion route in order to improve its pore properties and make it a potential adsorbent to remove crystal violet dye from aqueous medium. The solids were characterized and posteriorly subjected to kinetic, isotherm, and thermodynamic studies, as well as regenerated and reused for five adsorption tests. The alkaline fusion step resulted

Abstract In this study anodic oxidation of Cr2(SO4)3 was carried out in an air-sparged divided parallel plate cell. Variables studied were current density, Cr2(SO4)3 concentration, and superficial air velocity. The rate constant of Cr2(SO4)3 oxidation was found to increase with increasing current density and Cr2(SO4)3 concentration. The effect of air sparging was found to depend on Cr2(SO4)3 concentrations

ABSTRACT Degradation of neonicotinoid insecticide dinotefuran (DIN) in dielectric barrier discharge (DBD) non-thermal plasma combined with lanthanum-doped titanium dioxide (La-TiO2) system was investigated. A La-TiO2 catalyst was prepared by the sol-gel method and characterized by SEM, XRD, and DRS. The effects of various factors (initial concentration, initial pH, input power, and addition of metal

ABSTRACT This study aims to investigate the emanating challenges in urban and healthcare waste management in Isfahan, after the new Coronavirus outbreak. Production of ‘dry wastes’ in Isfahan, with a population of more than 1.9 million, has increased during the pandemic. Personal protective equipments (PPEs) including face masks, single-use gloves and face shields are an emerging group of materials

ABSTRACT In the present study, we developed several microflora communities that utilize digested sludge (DS), the recalcitrant waste product of anaerobic digestion, as a substrate for biogas production with the aim of their future application to DS recycling. Strict enrichment with DS as the sole nutrient source was introduced to culture microbes from soil and herbivore dung samples; microflora communities

Abstract: The purpose of this study was to investigate the optimum conditions of several factors (i.e., types and concentration of acetate, aeration rate, pH control) for maximizing the mixotrophic cultivation of Scenedesmus acuminatus using acetate as an organic carbon source. When acetate was used, dissolved oxygen (DO) was quickly consumed and resulted in an anoxic condition for 52 hrs. Then, DO

ABSTRACT The degradation of coragen (C18H14N5O2BrCl2) was tested by the electrooxidation process using graphite electrodes. Further, the advantage of nano-hydroxyapatite (n-Hap), as a cost-effective nano sorbent, in the removal of bromide from coragen was examined. Three different variables such as initial pH, electrolysis time and the current density were used to analyse the effects of the electrolytic

Abstract Acidic fracturing flowback fluid (AFFF) has the characteristics of low pH value, high chemical oxygen demand (COD), high corrosiveness and complex components. Surface discharge without treatment may contaminate the environment. However, wastewater treatment after centralized transportation has potential safety risks and requires high costs. In this study, we confirmed that calcium and magnesium

ABSTRACT Few studies focus on the simultaneous removal performance and mechanism of H2S and SO2 mixture in Claus tail gas with a high concentration of H2O (20–30 vol.%) and CO2 (8–10 vol.%). In this paper, the effects of H2O and CO2 on the simultaneous removal of H2S and SO2 for the by activated carbon (TL-1) were studied. Fresh (TL-1-F) and desulfurisation sulfur-loaded TL-1 activated samples (TL-1-E1

Abstract In the process of handling marine oil spills accidents, the biological method has attracted wide attention due to its low cost and no secondary pollution. However, in the process of practical application, there are problems such as low microbial density and great influence of environmental factors when the oil is treated by spraying microorganisms on the sea surface. This study used immobilized

Abstract: In this study, a novel composite aerogel of Nicandra physaloides(L.) Gaertn seed gum /graphene oxide (NPG/GO) was prepared by using a vacuum freeze drying method for methylene blue (MB) adsorption. The techniques including Brunauer–Emmett–Teller (BET), scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) were adopted for studying the structure and surface

ABSTRACT: Employing ultraviolet light to enhance the removal of As(V) by sulfide (S(-II)) from strongly acidic wastewater is a potential method. However, we found the arsenic trisulfide (As2S3) and elemental sulfur (S8) particles formed in this method not only vastly hinder light transmission in the wastewater but also undergo light-induced redissolution, leading to a decrease in removal rate and efficiency

ABSTRACT An electrochemiluminescence (ECL) aptasensor was prepared to detect Pb2+ with nitrogen-doped carbon quantum dots (NCQDs) as ECL materials. To prepare the working electrode, NCQDs with carboxyl groups were loaded on a glassy carbon electrode (GCE) and then Pb2+ aptamers were covalently bound to the NCQDs to form a stable GCE/NCQDs/aptamers. On addition of Pb2+, the chain aptamers change to

Abstract It is widely discussed that greenhouse gases (GHGs) are the main culprit behind global warming. The conventional energy sources (oil, coal, and gas) mainly realize GHGs in the atmosphere. Due to this, the world’s countries are switching towards clean energy sources and investing more in projects related to innovation in the energy sector. Thus, this study investigates the role of energy innovation

Abstract The nitrite removal pathway in Acinetobacter sp. TX5 was explored through the key gene identification and the corresponding enzyme purification, after which the capability to reduce nitrite by immobilized beads was investigated in a fixed-bed reactor. Results revealed that a nosZ gene encoding nitrous oxide reductase (N2OR) exists in TX5 cells, and a N2OR responsible for the reduction of N2O

ABSTRACT Landfill leachate has a high chloride (Cl−) content. Because it is highly mobile, and cannot be sorbed or transformed bio-chemically, it is important to have detailed information about how it migrates in landfill sites. In this study, we set up four lab-scale simulated landfills, including an anaerobic landfill (AL), an anaerobic landfill with leachate recirculation (RAL), an anaerobic/semi-anaerobic

Abstract In this study the thermo-physical and mechanical properties of an industrial sludge like shrinkage coefficient, density, water activity, apparent moisture diffusivity, effective thermal conductivity and heat capacity are determined experimentally. These properties constitute a major part of the required input data to model the sludge drying. The sludge shrinks linearly until reaching a critical

Abstract Faecal sludge dewatering is often a necessary step in many treatment and reuse processes, and it can decrease costs of transporting large volumes of high water content sludge. Common dewatering methods such as settling-thickening tanks and drying beds are not feasible in space-constrained areas such as urban informal settlements, therefore innovative dewatering methods are needed. This study

Abstract Family farmers in Brazil could diversify their sources of income source and improve agriculture practices by adopting circular economy principles on their farms. Closed-loop technological systems can be used to manage organic waste and produce fertilizer and biogas thereby generating revenue. Anaerobic digestion is a proven technology that can produce digestate (i.e. fertilizer) and biogas

Abstract A method of chemically bonding copper ferrocynide (CuFC) to the surface of a PVDF hollow-fiber membrane (PVDF-CuFC) was designed and the resulting PVDF-CuFC was applied to the effective removal of aqueous cesium (Cs). In order to chemically immobilize CuFC on the surface of the PVDF hollow-fiber membrane, carboxyl groups were introduced onto the membrane surface (PVDF-COOH) to peptide bond

Abstract This work proposes a novel technology for environmental remediation based on mesoporous silica spheres, which were successfully synthesized by the solvothermal method using the cetyltrimethylammonium bromide as a structuring agent. The adsorbent was designed to remove cationic dyes at strong acidic conditions. The surface was modified by a careful thermal treatment aiming at the condensation

Abstract The high lignocellulose content of vinegar residues (VR) limits their biochemical methane potential (BMP) in anaerobic digestion (AD). However, unlike reported high cellulosic materials such as straw and grass, single pre-treatment with ultrasonication or grinding only slightly improved VR AD, due to the high protein and carbohydrate contents of VR. This study used statistical analysis show

ABSTRACT During the poultry industrialization process the so-called sludge oil, a residual chicken fat, is recovered in the wastewater treatment plant and its use presents potential as raw material for biodiesel production. Thus, the aim of the study was to prepare blends of sludge oil with soybean oil to obtain fatty acid methyl esters (FAME) through the homogeneous alkaline transesterification reaction

Abstract Biohythane (hydrogen + methane) production in a two stage dark fermentation (DF) and anaerobic digestion (AD) process from food waste (FW) has been studied. This paper investigated the effect of operation temperature, i.e. mesophilic (34 °C and thermophilic (55 ° 2 °C, on biohythane yield and total energy recovery in batch tests carried out at the initial culture pH 5.5. The mesophilic DF

Abstract Vanadium-chromium reducing residue was not only a typical solid waste in the steel industry but also a valuable secondary source for recovery of vanadium and chromium. A highly efficient oxidative-alkaline-leaching technology with Na2S2O8 was applied in this work. The effect of experimental factors including m(NaOH)/m(Residue), liquid-to-solid ratio, reaction temperature, m(Na2S2O8)/m(Residue)

ABSTRACT Decomposition of two typical volatile organic compounds (VOCs): toluene and methyl ethyl ketone (MEK), was investigated by introducing the complete energy yield (i.e., amount of VOCs totally converted to CO and CO2 for every 1 kWh of electrical usage) and specific energy density (SED) for the non-thermal plasma technology. Three dielectric barrier discharge reactors of which specific energy

Abstract Post treatment is a very competent and scalable approach to develop the higher water-flux and salt-rejection membrane since, it does not require any change in existing manufacturing process. The virgin Thin Film Composite Reverse Osmosis (TFC-RO) membrane was exposed to various concentrations of Poly (ethylene Glycol) diacrylate (PEGDA) and Ethylene glycol dimethacrylate (EGDMA) after activation

Abstract This study describes the use of spray drying technology to obtain biomolecules containing powder from Diaporthe schini with herbicidal activity produced by submerged fermentation. The efficiency of the bioherbicide was tested for the post-emergence control of Bidens pilosa L., Amaranthus viridis L., Echinochloa crusgalli (L.) Beauv., and Lolium multiflorum Lam. In the first step, different

ABSTRACT Farmers near towns and cities are using a wide range of highly polluted wastewaters for crop irrigation in Pakistan due to severe freshwater shortage. The present study aimed to promote indigenous bacterial strains isolated from domestic, hospital, textile, pharmaceutical and mixed wastewaters to remove contaminants and colour and render these wastewaters safer for irrigation. Thirty seven

ABSTRACT The discharge of raw wastewater into the environment can be a contamination source of Giardia spp. cysts and Cryptosporidium spp. oocysts. The UASB (Upflow Anaerobic Sludge Blanket) reactor is the most popular technology applied for wastewater treatment in Brazil, nevertheless there is little information concerning its capacity for (oo)cyst removal. In this context, this study investigated

Abstract: Adsorptive separation of Pb(II) from aqueous solution containing Pb(II) and other heavy metals (Cu(II), Zn(II), and Cd(II)) has been investigated, using three adsorbents, such as an iminodiacetic acid-chelating resin (CR11), and Fe-based adsorbents (goethite and magnetite). Batchwise adsorption of Pb(II) and other metal ions in single metal system and multi-components system was carried out

Abstract Techniques using membranes for the treatment of wastewaters usually promote higher quality of treated water when compared to other processes. Among them, pervaporation has advantages in terms of selectivity in addition to low working pressure, which can prevent clogging problems. Polysulfone and polyurethane have complementary characteristics and are interesting in the context of membranes

ABSTRACT Forward osmosis is an emerging membrane technology in water desalination. In this study, desalination of saline water via forward osmosis was investigated using a new magnetic osmotic agent. For this purpose, Fe3O4 nanoparticles covalently functionalized with tri-sodium citrate was synthesized and characterized. The structural examinations revealed that the sodium citrate had been immobilized

ABSTRACT Titanate nanotubes (NTs) were synthesized by the hydrothermal method and later calcined at temperatures between 100 – 500 °C. The calcined NTs were characterized and evaluated in the physicochemical adsorption of the safranin dye and photocatalytic degradation of caffeine. The materials calcined at low temperatures displayed a tubular structure and the H2Ti3O7 crystalline phase, which was

Abstract This study aims to investigate the emanating challenges in urban and healthcare waste management in Isfahan, after the new Coronavirus outbreak. Production of “dry wastes” in Isfahan, with a population of more than 1.9 million, has increased during the pandemic. Personal protective equipments (PPEs) including face masks, single-use gloves and face shields are an emerging group of materials

ABSTRACT The objective of this work was to explore an alternative way to manage the non-biodegradable and non-recyclable fraction of municipal solid waste (MSW) in Vellore city, India. Refuse-derived fuel (RDF) samples with different proportions of plastic, thermocol, foam and jute straw were formulated. The RDF samples were characterized in the form of heating values (proximate and ultimate analysis)