To improve the wettability effect of coal seam water injection, and reduce dust production from the source, this paper proposes the preparation of three kinds of high-efficiency wetting enhancers. In this study, 2-acrylamide-2-methylpropionic sulfonic acid and itaconic acid were introduced into the polymer chain of sodium alginate in different combinations. Anionic surfactant sodium dodecyl sulfate

In recent years, the dissolution of lignocellulosic biomass using ionic liquids has attracted a lot of attention. Generally, the processes of valorisation of residual biomass do not extract cellulose. Among the lignocellulosic biomass, corn stover has a great interest because its high content in cellulose. For this reason, five ionic liquids have been designed and produced to dissolve the cellulose

As subway fires can easily cause numerous casualties, this paper proposes the idea of active disaster relief, which involves ventilation, exhaust, smoke blocking and exhaust, and other facilities coordinating centralised control to assist passenger evacuation and firefighting. The ventilation and smoke exhaust method used in multilayer crossing complex subways is analysed, and a typical interchange

Results of bibliometric analysis and a detailed review are reported on the use of supervised machine learning to study hazardous drilling events. The bibliometric analysis attempts to answer pertinent questions related to progress in the use of supervised machine learning for hazardous events due to drilling fluid density/mud weight. The analysis indicates artificial neural network as the most popular

The behaviors of fires fueled by materials that produce different levels of soot (diesel and alcohol) were studied under hot and humid conditions with natural ventilation. Experimental tests were performed under different initial ambient temperatures (20 °C and 30 °C) and relative humidity levels (50 % and 90 %), and flame temperature, thermal radiation and mass loss rate were measured. A theoretical

With the development of the world water resources situation, the reuse of wastewater will be one of the essential measures for solving water resources' problems and implementing practical and sustainable use of water resources. Wastewater reclamation risks have received considerable attention in all worlds, but research in this area is minimal, and a unified understanding and evaluation method has

Waste printed circuit boards (WPCBs) are considered as the most complicated and valuable component among e-waste. Slurry electrolysis can separate and recover metals from the extremely complex WPCBs. To promote its industrial application, a 5000 mL scale experiment was conducted to confirm industrial feasibility. Those results showed that copper and total metal recovery rates were 94.5% and 75.2% under

Thermal pyrolysis and decomposition products of flufenacet and sulfentrazone powders were tested by thermogravimetric analysis (TGA), TGA coupled with Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy and pyrolysis-gas chromatography/mass spectrometry. Besides, the explosion sensitivity (minimum ignition temperature, minimum ignition energy, minimum explosion concentration) and explosion severity (maximum explosion

Treatment of dye-containing wastewater is a major challenge for mankind that has gained much interest from the scientific community owing to the growing concerns of environmental safety and legislations. Thus, it becomes imperative to explore green and self-sustainable dye abatement methods. Phycoremediation is emerging as a new age technology with the goal of decolorization and detoxification of the

In the present study, acrylonitrile butadiene styrene (ABS) resin wastewater was treated by series LaCuxFe1-xO3 (x = 0.2, 0.4, 0.6, 0.8) perovskite-like catalyst activated with peroxymonosulfate (PMS). The catalyst was synthesized by solgel method and further characterized by various techniques including i.e., XRD, FTIR, BET, FE-SEM with EDAX, TEM and XPS. Phytotoxicity study was performed to assess

During industrial offshore deep-water drilling process, gas kick event occurs frequently due to extremely narrow Mud Weight (MW) window (minimum 0.01sg) and negligible safety margins for the well control purposes. Further, traditional gas kick detection methods in such environments have significant time-lag and can often lead to severe well control issues, and occasionally to well blowouts or borehole

A methodology to quantify the economic risk of a natural gas transmission pipeline system is developed in this study, and the effect of the line pack is considered. The methodology is based on the risk theory and hydraulic analysis of the transmission pipeline system. In the methodology, the failure probability of the key components in the transmission pipeline system are estimated firstly. Moreover

The presence of sulfur-based substances in the biogas (sour) produced from the digestion plant imposes several treatments to match the market and regulation requirements. Besides, it lays the production plants open to safety and environmental risks related to the accidental release of toxic species. This work is devoted to the investigation of the consequences of the accidental release of biogas containing

Surface ignition is the first and also the important step for iron ore sintering, which provides the initial source of energy to trigger the whole reactions. This investigation mainly focused on revealing the relationship between surface ignition and sintering performance, and elucidated the deep mechanism. Results indicate that the quality of sinter in the surface layer can be effectively improved

The development of solar dish/Stirling system as a promising green power generation technology, has received great attention from researches and governments. Nevertheless, the characterization and commercialization of SDS technologies need a deep understanding of the effect of different opt-geometrical and operational parameters on their performance. In this study, the modeling of a Solar Dish/Stirling

Water reuse for drinking, irrigation, district cooling, process heating/cooling, landscaping, etc. remains pivotal to water security and sustainability. Advanced oxidation processes (AOPs) are at the heart of the industrial wastewater treatment especially for the removal of contaminants of emerging concern. Recent studies conducted to advance AOP technologies for the degradation of industrial wastewater

The first European Loss Prevention Symposium under the auspices of the European Federation of Chemical Engineering (EFCE) took place in 1974 in the then new Aula of the Delft University of Technology in the Netherlands. After the triennial symposium over a period of 45 years having been organized in several European cities, it returned in 2019 to the Delft Aula. Authors of this paper are members of

The limited stability and heat insulation performance of the traditional aqueous film forming foam (AFFF) affects its efficiency in fire extinguishing. Recently, functional nanoparticles have been used as stabilizers. The formed three-phase foam exhibits better performance. However, the mechanisms and heat transfer behaviors of the three-phase foam are still unclear and require further clarification

In the past 5 years the Safety Engineering Group of BASF has determined the static equivalent pressures (“pstat”) of the eight detonative pressure scenarios which explosive gas mixtures can exhibit in long and in short pipes. More precisely, for different combustibles the pstat-values of the corresponding ternary mixtures combustible/O2/N2 were determined on the stoichiometric line and on the O2-line

Electrocoagulation (EC) is an acclaimed environmentally adequate approach to wastewater treatment. It is simple and economical by way of reducing the amount of chemical dosage, sludge generation and disposal, and the high costs involved in traditional chemical coagulation (CC). This paper discusses the mechanisms of pollutant removal by electro-generated hydroxide and oxyhydroxide flocs during EC process

In this work we report the use of separator pads made of polystyrene nanofibers filled with sawdust for the separation of oil spills. The polystyrene nanofiber membrane was first synthetized using two electrospinning and impregnation methods, and then the synthetized pads were filled with different types of sawdust including willows, poplars and chipboards. The proposed pads were utilized for the separation

Occupational health analyses the job and health relationships, in particular the chronic health influence of chemicals to workers. In most of the previous works for inherent hazards assessment, the focus was put on safety aspect; with very minor elements of health are taken into account. Most of the earlier design stage assessment methods focus only on the hazard identification and assessment part;

The discarded lithium-ion batteries containing valuable metals and graphite are excellent resources in the context of urban mining. In the present study, electrode sheets of mixed spent lithium-ion batteries were crushed, sieved, followed by froth flotation for physical separation of graphite values. The current study investigates the carbothermal reduction of the active cathode material in a microwave

Cyclohexane and sec-butyl alcohol are widely used in the pharmaceutical and chemical industries. The separation of cyclohexane/sec-butyl alcohol/water azeotropic mixture is of great significance for mitigating environmental risk, recycling solvents, and maintaining developmental sustainability. Based on the COSMO-SAC model, the infinite dilution activity coefficients of the components were calculated

Corrosion is known as gradual destruction of materials, which leads to loss of structural integrity and deteriorates the surface function. In terms of sewage pipelines, corrosion is vital due to its substantial financial, health, and safety cost for society, and it is considered as one of the biggest problems facing water and wastewater infrastructure. Also, it is the primary cause of chemical properties

This review highlights the methodologies for sampling, sample preparation, and identification of microplastics found in wastewater treatment plants. The presence and deposition of microplastics in the environment lead to serious environmental and ecological concerns. The role of wastewater treatment plants in spreading microplastics to the environment poses additional threats that need to be treated

In view of the increasing tendency to make use of second-hand items, we present a schematic framework that models the possible reuse of an item considering its defective condition, based on the delay time concept. A parallel between the traditional delay time model for single-component systems and the proposed model for the reuse of items is provided in order to emphasize our contribution. In general

Hydrothermal treatment (HTT) is able to remove chlorine effectively from polyvinyl chloride (PVC), however, the reaction temperature is critical in practical application. Less energy-intensive hydrothermal dechlorination condition with cupric ion (Cu2+) has been proposed in this study. In particular, Cu2+ was applied in HTT of PVC at temperature ranging from 200 °C to 240 °C. It has been found that

The disposal of large quantities of tobacco stalks and animal manures generated annually is among the serious challenges faced in China, especially the former, as its toxic composition (nicotine) can induce the risk of healthy impairment during tradition treatment process. Anaerobic digestion (AD) may be an efficient technique for tobacco stalks. Nevertheless, the impact of nicotine in tobacco stalks

Traditionally, farmers in China have relied on excrement to supplement organic matter in soils, and to fertilize crops for human and animal consumption. Few studies have quantitatively analyzed the potential of returning livestock-poultry and human excrement in rural China to farmland as nutrient resources for crop growth. This study clarifies the temporal and spatial changes, distribution characteristics

Safety Improvement of engineering processes, especially Oil & Gas operations, has gained a lot of attention during the last decades. This fundamental vision results in risk remediation programs, minimizing the risks of failure, and reducing the associated costs for operation and maintenance. As failures may represent serious threats for both humans and the environment, a comprehensive tool is required

Safety is the primary concern during the processes of storage, transportation and application of liquid hydrogen. The flammable vapor cloud formed by liquid hydrogen spill poses serious threat to life and property, and it is vital to determine safe distance (the maximum downwind distance of flammable vapor cloud to the spill source) for risk assessment and safe protection. Three-dimensional CFD simulations

The zinc roasting process has been the subject of several studies regarding the roaster and its feed characteristics. However, to identify the most sustainable operating scenario, it is necessary to consider the behavior of the whole plant. In this work, a zinc roasting process model was developed, validated with plant data, and then used to evaluate heat transfer throughout the entire plant. Through

Fault diagnosis of sequential batch reactor (SBR), a widely applied wastewater treatment technology in papermaking industry with huge discharge, has been a significant challenge due to the inherent multi-period characteristics of the process. In this paper, based on the conventional multi-way principal component analysis (MPCA) method (Scenario 0), two sub-period division strategies based on the processing

The application of phagotrophic algae in waste activate sludge (WAS) treatment can largely accelerate WAS organics reclamation rate, because the phagotrophic capability of phagotrophic algae on intact microbial cells provides an efficient and fast way to digest microbial cells, which eliminate the need of the time-consuming hydrolysis of WAS solid organics. In this research work, different pretreatment

This paper experimentally investigated the effect of low vent burst pressure on the overpressure buildup and flame evolution during the vented methane-air deflagrations in a 1 m3 rectangular vessel. CFD software FLACS was assessed in simulation of vented methane-air explosions against the experiment. Experimental results demonstrate that four overpressure peaks of Popen, Pout, Pext and Pacc from the

Increasing expansion of China’s coal mine production leads to the increased storage pressure in current coal silos. Most of these coals are stored in open-air coal pile. Therefore, those coal piles have caused a series of environmental pollution problems, which includes endangering workers’ health and aggravating air pollution in the surrounding natural environment. Therefore, it is urgent to study

Enhanced and efficient recovery of coalbed methane (CBM) is essential to prevent mine disasters and utilize unconventional gas resources. In this study, hydraulic slotting (HS) combined with liquid CO2 (LCO2) injection was employed to enhance coalbed permeability and the efficiency of methane recovery from a high-gas and low-permeability coalbed. First, mercury intrusion porosimetry and scanning electron

This study presents a computational fluid dynamics (CFD) model of an aerated wastewater treatment oxidation ditch, taking into account gas-liquid flow, oxygen mass transfer and dissolved oxygen. Especially, the effect of the bubble size distribution (BSD) and the biochemical oxygen demand (BOD) distribution on the dissolved oxygen (DO) distribution has been considered. Species transport modelling predicts