The nutrient removal efficiency of two integrated constructed wetlands (ICWs) installed at commercial wastewater treatment plants (WWTPs) in Norfolk, UK, is assessed – the River Ingol ICW (1 year old) and the River Mun ICW (5 years old). Analysing water samples collected across the ICWs between February and September 2019, significant reductions in both effluent nutrient concentration and load were

Solid phase extraction (SPE) and ultrasonic extraction (UE) techniques followed by Gas Chromatography‐Mass Spectrometry (GC‐MS) have been modified for qualitative and quantitative analysis of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) in water and sediment samples. Percentage recoveries of PAHs found ranged from 85 to 121% in water and 82 to 117% in sediment samples. The limits of detection (LOD) and

The Freezing Melting (F/M) is considered one of the most sustainable desalination techniques in terms of energy consumption compared with commercial desalination. However, it presents some problems, especially salt trapping, in the ice. In this paper, an experimental analysis is carried out to achieve a better understanding of saline ions displacement observed during freezing saline water. Different

Bottled water is any potable water that is manufactured distributed or offered for sale, which is sealed in plastic bottles. (Toma et al ., 2013). Bottled water is usually considered to be safe by many consumers. People prefer to drink bottled water in emergency situations and at times when they sense unpleasant taste and odor from domestic supplies. Despite the public opinion that Bottled Water is

In this study, a metal‐phosphate layered/activated carbon (KMSP@AC) composed of potassium (K), manganese (Mn), tin (Sn), and phosphorous (P) was prepared by the solvothermal method. The proposed nanocomposite was used as an effective adsorbent to remove Cd(II), Co(II), Ni(II), Pb(II) and V(III) from water samples in oil‐rich areas prior to ICP‐OES analysis. The KMSP@AC was fully characterized using

A variety of biosensing strains for monitoring of aromatic hydrocarbon pollutants have been developed but only few have been applied to field due to their lower survival rate and susceptibility to toxic pollutants. Immobilization is one of the solutions to protect strain from toxic pollutants. Synthetic and natural matrices were screened for immobilization of three strains, which were able to detect

The formation of CaCO3 of groundwater has important implications in industry. Many conventional scale inhibitors are considered environmentally unfriendly. In this study, we investigate the effect of aqueous extract of Paronychia arabica (PA) as new green antiscalant agents on the precipitation of CaCO3 in an arid desert region. The antiscaling properties of these extracts towards CaCO3 formation were

We propose an innovative magnetic separation technique to separate an important very toxic inorganic pollutant (nitrate) from wastewater, using a recyclable magnetic adsorbent system. Our recyclable adsorbent system is a novel magnetic hydrogel composite, based on cross‐linked polyacrylic acid (MNP‐pAAc).

Comprehensive assessment of the virtual water trade of Germany with the world and the national water footprint through the trade of crop and livestock products from 1991‐2016 is assessed. Virtual water flows based on 328 products with more than 200 countries indicate Germany as a net virtual water importer. Average virtual water import was 100.5 Bm3/y, virtual water export was 60.2 Bm3/y and net virtual

The presented study concerns the efficiency of removing nutrients, organic compounds and metal cations from municipal sewage by using a cylindrical photobioreactor (PBR) with biomass of microalgae growing on pine bark. The study was conducted in two cylindrical PBRs fed with municipal wastewater for 42 days. PBRs were internally illuminated with red and blue light at night. The sewage was additionally

In recent years, due to the climate change as well as the rainfall reduction in arid and semi‐arid regions, modeling qualitative and quantitative parameters belonging to aquifers has become crucially important. In Iran, since aquifers are treated as the most commonly used drinking water resources, modeling their qualitative and quantitative parameters is enormously important. In this paper, for the

FeSO4 was used to activate the K2S2O8 mixed with paper sludge to condition the activated sludge, and its effect on sludge dewaterability was investigated. The interaction effects of various parameters on sludge dewaterability were investigated and analyzed by considering the moisture content of cake, SRF and CST as indicators and the Box–Behnken design of RSM. Results The results indicated that the

In this study, a lab‐scale sequencing batch bioreactor (SBR) with hydraulic retention time (HRT) of 8 h was established to treat 50 mg/L 4‐chlorophenol (4‐CP), and the temporal responses of 4‐CP on the performance and the expression level of related functional genes in sludge were explored. Results showed that after the SBR was acclimated with the cometabolic carbon sources of 4‐CP and methanol, the

In this study, a multiobjective optimization approach was adopted to optimize pumping operations by minimizing energy cost and greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions while considering water quality either as an additional objective or as a constraint. When water quality was not included, a trade‐off between energy cost and GHG was found. Including water quality as a constraint led to an overall increase in

Water quality index (WQI) is used for aggregate assessment of water pollution level. The method is used in the United States of America (USA) and some other countries including Vietnam, but it has several limitations: the weight of a parameter is subjectively defined by the experts' criteria; the hierarchical rating scale is self‐regulated and fixed; the individual index of WQI is calculated based

In this study, batch and column experiments were conducted to adsorb Aluminium (Al3+) from aqueous solution. The study examined the possibility of using proposed reactive filter bed media (packed with hematite or hematite sand mixture) for contaminated water treatment. Batch experiments were carried out at pH 7 ±0.5 and initial Al3+ concentration of 1.5 mg/L. Adsorption equilibrium was achieved in

Treatment of wastewater containing hexavalent chromium is the issue in this research. Supported liquid membrane with in situ electrochemical reaction in stripping section helps to reduce hexavalent chromium to trivalent chromium by forming chromium‐iron complex. Iron plate acts as anode in stripping section. The chromium‐iron complex is an useful value added product that can be used for various purposes

Reliable estimates of quantiles associated with mid‐to‐large return periods are required in the everyday practice of Hydrologic Engineering. However, the usually small samples pose numerous challenges for inferring such quantiles. Therefore, augmenting sample sizes via extension techniques could be beneficial for statistical inference. This paper attempts to provide a comprehensive assessment of the

In this study, mixed microalgal culture dominated by Chlorella vulgaris and Scenedesmus armatus was grown in Anaerobic Liquid Digestate (ALD) at different NaCl concentrations ranging between 0 and 100 mM. Highest lipid and carbohydrate amounts were observed as 38.4 and 36.2%, respectively, when the salinity was 50 mM NaCl. However, the protein content was drastically decreased to 12.8% with increased

Bipolar electrocoagulation with aluminum sacrificial electrodes was designed to simultaneously remove Cr(VI), phosphorus, chemical oxygen demand and turbidity from both tanning, domestic and industrial wastewater. The experimental setup was demonstrated in a semi‐industrial scale for the remediation of effluents released from Fez city (Morocco), which exhibited highly variable composition and pH. The

Catchment‐scale river reconnection programmes require barrier inventories for restoration planning, yet barrier inventories are variable in extent and quality internationally. To test the degree to which barrier databases, in this case for England, are fit for purpose, we made a comparison of the national database (mostly originating from desk‐study) for two catchments, the Wear and the Tees, against

This article presents the review of the research papers concerning nanobubble generation. In main section of this article, numerous methods of nanobubble generation have been discussed pinpointing the differences in results obtained in similar experimental setups. Different generation methods have been tabularized to present the composition of phases, the diameter of generated bubbles as well as the

Low temperature environment was one of the difficulties in sewage treatment. In this study, the removal efficiency of multistage AO process was analysed under different hydraulic residence time (12 h, 8 h and 6 h) and inlet flow distribution ratio(5 : 4 : 4, 3 : 2 : 1 and 25 : 15 : 6), the rules of pollutant migration and transformation were compared and analysed under different control parameters

Crawling ciliates play important role in activated sludge as they improve flocculation and remove loosely attached bacteria from the flocs. However, there are discrepancies concerning their influence on nitrifying bacteria and nitrification efficiency. We conducted a five weeks experiment in six bioreactors simulating the Sequencing Batch Reactor (SBR) process using activated sludge from a plant in

This study applies a choice experiment to evaluate the value of ecological water and investigate public preferences in the Shiyang River Basin, which is an ecologically fragile region in China. The four ecological attributes were ecological water quantity in the upper sub‐basin, ecological water quantity in the middle sub‐basin, ecological water quantity in the lower sub‐basin, water quality in Hongyashan

Many industries including distilleries continue to contribute to environmental pollution due to significant release of organic and inorganic pollutants as wastewater. This wastewater contains heavy metals and other toxic chemicals that lead to health‐related problems. Despite the advancement in treatment technologies, major treatment methods such as conventional treatment methods are still battering

Water service providers are being urged to incorporate customer preferences into their investment plans with the relative merits of different elicitation techniques being exposed to greater scrutiny. Although elicitation can be undertaken with a range of methods, there is little understanding of their comparative performance in terms of being able to generate consistent or commensurable outcomes. This

Surface and core sediments were investigated in the lower Han River Basin, a tributary of Changjiang River in China to evaluate the nitrogen (N) pollution of sediments and N fluxes as well as their influencing factors at the sediment‐water interface. Two methods of sediment pollution assessment were applied and the results showed that the sediment at site H9 was the most contaminated and that at site

In changing climatic conditions with rising surface air temperatures mountain regions with their characteristic environment and accumulated snow deserve special attention and sustainable management. To investigate the sensitivity of mountain catchments to global warming, this study explores potential trends for hydro‐climatic variables between 1957 and 2016 (60 years). Based on the Mann‐Kendall test

The paper presents a methodological approach to preliminary flood risk assessment, which is conceptually based on the regional typing and integrated flood risk assessment. From the above conceptual bases, two key tasks arise: (1) establishing a basic spatial unit for preliminary flood risk assessment and (2) specifying its attributes in relation to the flood hazard and vulnerability (negative consequences)

Simultaneous partial nitrification, anammox and denitrification (SNAD) process for treating anaerobic digester liquor of swine wastewater (ADLSW) was achieved successfully in a continuous ‐flow biofilm reactor by gradually increasing the influent ammonium ( ) concentration whilst controlling the low dissolved oxygen (DO) concentration. After 180 days of operation, the average removal efficiencies of

This study evaluates and models the impacts of employing biofilm carriers in sequencing batch reactors (SBR). A neural network (NN) was used to predict contaminants in the effluent and analyse the importance of operating parameters. With a hydraulic retention time of 7 h, the removal efficiency of chemical oxygen demand (COD), total phosphorous (TP), and total suspended solids (TSS) were 85, 82, and

We investigated the relationship between cyanobacteria and geosmin occurrence in the Paldang Lake watershed, South Korea, by examining samples from the Bukhan and Namhan Rivers weekly from 2011 to 2015. Cyanobacteria were detected in summer, when water temperatures reached 20°C or more. Merismopedia, non‐nitrogen‐fixing cyanobacteria, dominated the Namhan River, which had high nitrogen concentrations

Prolonged drought leads to the temporary simplification or loss of aquatic biological communities, as surface water is progressively reduced or dry phases are extended in intermittent streams. Using surveys of aquatic and semi‐aquatic plants, and recording non‐aquatic grasses and herbs, we classify the communities within 24 groundwater‐fed streams in south England. We examine changes over a 21‐year

Compared to the conventional activated sludge, granular sludge has many advantages like good settling ability, high biomass retention and ability to withstand a high organic loading rate. In this study, the effects of boric acid and chitosan addition on granule formation was investigated in a novel Custom‐made upflow aerobic granular sludge reactor for 22 days. According to the microscopic results

In this study, a particle‐tracking model was used to simulate the Cu footprints in Poyang Lake under the dual action of complex wind field and lake flow patterns. When ignoring the wind field, the results showed that the gravity flow and top‐lifted flow both drove Cu particles to move from south to north, and the backward flow slowed down the velocity of Cu particles, but did not affect the final trend

The requirements of the Water Framework Directive (WFD) 2000/60 for the full water cost recovery have brought reactions and difficulties to their implementation, especially for irrigation water. We propose a systematic and objective methodology for the estimation of the cost of irrigation water. The application is made in a degraded Greek watershed, considering surface and groundwater resources. The

A pot experiment was carried out to study the effect of the use of treated wastewater (TWW) on selected plant species. In total three treatments were compared including high soil salinity under drained and waterlogging conditions in comparison to a drained non‐saline treatment. The effect of TWW on growth performance of the plant species was investigated to find out which of the plant species is most

The salting‐out assisted liquid–liquid extraction (SALLE) combined with dispersive liquid–liquid microextraction based on the solidification of floating organic droplet (DLLME‐SFO) has been first developed as a high preconcentration technique for the extraction of pyrethroid insecticides (PYRs) in multimedia environmental samples, including air, soil, water, human urine, hedgehog serum and plasma.

A bacterium named XMJ‐Z01 is screened from soil and identified as Arthrobacter ureafaciens, which can efficiently degrade simazine. The strain XMJ‐Z01 is highly resistant to simazine and can tolerate simazine at a level of not less than 2000 mg/L. The degradation efficiency of simazine (100 mg/L) in liquid medium by strain XMJ‐Z01 can reach about 99.1% in 7 days. Adding a small amount of fresh soil

This study employed the Water Evaluation and Planning model to evaluate selected policy‐based water development and management options on water resources of the upper Mara Basin of Kenya. The major water resources of the region were identified and quantified to establish the current demand versus supply status. Data on domestic water consumption, agricultural demand and industrial consumption were

The performance of an Enlarged‐Clarifier Hybrid Upflow Anaerobic Sludge Blanket (EC‐HUASB) reactor in treating slaughterhouse wastewater under the mesophilic temperature was studied. The reactor was started‐up with the well‐grown anaerobic digested sludge from a dairy farm, which was subsequently acclimated with real slaughterhouse wastewater. The Clarifier section of the HUASB was also enlarged to

Chemical and thermal pretreatments of sewage sludge have proven to be effective to improve anaerobic digestion process by increasing methane production and sludge stabilization. In order to improve this technology towards sludge reduction combined with energy recovery, lab‐scale experimentation was carried out to assess the efficiency of a 2‐steps acid‐alkali innovative pretreatment to enhance the

In this paper, the improved artificial bee colony (IABC) and improved particle swarm optimisation (IPSO) have been used for the optimal design of stepped spillway with the minimisation of construction cost as the energy dissipater structure for a dam project. Generally, the construction cost of this structure is the most expensive part of the project. However, traditional designing methods of stepped

Harmful cyanobacterial blooms (HCBs) are becoming more prevalent in inland waters, affecting not only the aquatic ecosystems but also the economy. This study attempted to characterize HCBs in a cool‐temperate freshwater lake and identify the causal factors controlling their proliferation. As our climate is changing in an unprecedented way, it is important to know how this climate change may alter surface

The toxic effects of an acetamiprid‐based insecticide (ABI) on Gambusia holbrooki were evaluated after 24 and 96‐h exposure periods. The 24 and 96‐h median lethal concentration (LC50) values of ABI were determined as 75.9 and 42.2 mg/L active ingredient (AI)/L, respectively. In addition, the activity of five biochemical marker enzymes, including glutathione S‐transferase (GST), glutathione reductase

Hexavalent chromium (Cr6+) is reported to have negative effects on fauna and flora. The present study establishes plant‐bacterial synergism in floating wetlands (FWs) for the maximum removal of Cr6+ from the contaminated water. A common wetland plant, Brachiaria mutica (para grass), was planted in combination with three Cr‐resistant rhizo‐ and endophytic bacteria. Results indicated that FWs vegetated

Aiming at the security risks of traditional drinking water disinfection technology, tea polyphenols (TP) was used as an adjunct disinfectant combined with ultraviolet (UV) disinfection to maintain safe water quality in water supply network. Water biochemical indexes and the characteristics of microorganisms on the pipe wall were studied through the simulated pipe network system that disinfected with

Herein, we developed the waste‐derived adsorbent, mesoporous Schumannianthus dichotomus (MSD) and used for the exploitation of Ibuprofen (IBP) in an economic and reliable way. The developed adsorbent was characterized by various physicochemical and spectroscopic analyses. Relatively higher surface area of 1058 m2/g, pore volume of 0.9909 cm3/g and average article size of 39.09 µm justified the utilization

Side weirs deflect the approaching flow to the side channel with a specific angle. Considering this angled flow, the oblique shape of side weirs would improve the flow discharge efficiency. In this paper, a Piano Key Side Weir (PKSW) with oblique keys is proposed. Sixteen PKSWs with different key angles were studied in the laboratory, as well as two PKSWs by using CFD modelling. Flow characteristics

Ultraviolet (UV) disinfection is a critical and growing application for the disinfection of water. Current UV systems for disinfection applications are designed around the use of Low‐Pressure and High‐Pressure mercury‐based lamps. Increasing demand to reduce and ideally remove the use of mercury requires innovative adaptations and novel approaches to current technology. A potential alternative technology

The present study reports the results of high‐resolution free surface Unsteady Reynolds Averaged Navier–Stokes (URANS) simulations of the three‐dimensional (3D) flow field in a rectangular pump intake system. The numerical simulations are composed of various scenarios without/with various anti‐vortex devices (AVDs) to suppress the surface and subsurface vortices around the pipe. For this purpose, after

Climate change is expected to alter streamflow and sediment load in the transboundary Mekong River Basin (MRB), thereby affecting aquatic ecosystem and people’s livelihoods. Thus, future decisions on sustainable management of water resources in the basin should take climate change impact into consideration. In this study, the responses of river discharge and sediment (total suspended sediment [TSS])

Recently, researchers have been examining the actual state of microplastics contamination in the environment. However, pollution in high biodiversity environments such as tidelands has not been sufficiently investigated. Therefore, to assess the actual level of microplastics pollution therein, we conducted a survey of the tidelands of Osaka Bay in Japan to develop a model that included basins in urban

Organic microcontaminants in resources are a major issue for drinking water treatment plants and granular activated carbon (GAC) adsorption is one of the preferred treatment units used for their removal. GAC particles are small, abrasive and generally have irregular angular shapes. The combination of the particles' characteristics and GAC filters operations leads to a risk of material loss through

This paper presents an adaptation of the Resilience Analysis Grid (RAG) method framed on the Resilience Engineering theory as a proposal for tackling the lack of organisational resilience metrics in the water sector of England and Wales. The method was adapted to the sector by selecting 16 indicators and the addition of a ‘Resilience Ethos’ section to the grid. Its applicability was tested by analysing

In light of the growing interest and potential of the Life Satisfaction Approach (LSA) to value environmental attributes, this research paper aims to estimate the monetary value of water supply infrastructure improvements using this novel approach. A theoretical framework compares this method with the widely used contingent valuation method (CVM), highlighting the pros and cons of both approaches.