Extensive research has been conducted on a variety of processes for abating the increasing CO2 emissions which have been causing adverse effects on the environment. Among these, gas separation membranes have the potential to overcome a number of limitations of existing technologies by reducing the cost of operations and providing an efficient, compact module which can be employed for separating CO2

CO2 convective mixing in saline aquifers has been widely studied numerically and experimentally. Reservoir heterogeneity is significant for CO2 convective mixing and experimental studies are still limited. In this study, we have conducted a visualization of CO2 convective mixing experiments in heterogeneous porous media at reservoir conditions using CO2 and water. We have used a two‐dimension Hele–Shaw

Structural trapping is known to be the primary storage mechanism in geological carbon sequestration (GCS), where the injected CO2 rises upwards due to buoyancy forces and becomes trapped under an ultra‐low permeability layer. Although it is relatively common in GCS studies to assume a planar caprock for the synthesised models, in a real scenario this is not always the case as the caprock might exhibit

This work is aimed to investigate the permeation characteristic of CA/γ‐CD‐metal organic framework (MOF) based mixed matrix membranes (MMM) for CO2/CH4 separation. The defect‐free CA/γ‐CD‐MOF MMMs with dense, isotropic morphology were fabricated using solution casting method. The fabricated membranes were characterized through Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FT‐IR), X‐ray diffraction (XRD)

Activated carbon is widely regarded as a potential CO2 adsorbent because of its special texture. Activated carbon captures CO2 mainly through physical adsorption due to the characteristics of surface structure and pore structure, which makes the adsorbent sensitive to temperature and relatively low in selectivity. In order to solve these problems, much effort has been made in new developments, including

This work presents the experimental research on feasible intensification of CO2/N2 separation by utilization of the developed supported ionic liquid membranes (SILMs). SILMs were developed through specific impregnation of commercially available ceramic microfiltration/ultrafiltration membranes made by INOPOR and polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS) membranes made by Pervatech BV with chosen imidazolium based

Recently, hydrate technology as a newly emerging field has been attracting more and more attention. To support its potential applications, the dissociation behaviors and kinetics of CO2 hydrate in pure water and water/sediments systems at specified temperatures were studied experimentally by depressurization method. This work reveals two novel aspects of CO2 hydrate dissociation. Firstly, it is remarkable

At the deep saline‐aquifer level, geological storage of CO2 is considered to be one of the most effective geological methods for reducing greenhouse gas concentrations and emissions. The objective of this study is to compare the performance of different geological models in simulating CO2 storage as part of the Ordos Shenhua project, which is the first and the largest demonstration project in China

There is a change in both the quantity and type of functional groups due to the fact that they become oxidized and pyrolyzed during the spontaneous coal combustion process. In order to study the oxidation and pyrolysis mechanisms that are at play during the evolution of these functional groups, in situ Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy was employed to test the real‐time evolution of these

Injectivity index is a powerful tool that can be easily calculated from field injection and pressure data. Theoretically, injectivity index is linked to reservoir properties such as permeability, thickness of pay, and size of the reservoir. Consequently, injectivity index data can serve as a powerful tool to assess changes in reservoir quality and performance. In this article, we have looked at field

Depending on rock pore compressibility, a change in effective confining pressure (ECP) can have a significant influence on supercritical CO2 (SC‐CO2) migration characteristics in natural reservoirs. In this study, a tight glutenite sample was used to conduct porosity/permeability measurements under different ECPs of 1.5, 5.5, 9.5, 13.5, 17.5 and 21.5 MPa. Then a SC‐CO2 drainage core flooding experiment

Increasing electricity generation from variable renewable energy sources, such as wind and solar, has led to interest in additional short‐term and long‐term storage capacities. The core objective of this paper is to investigate the costs and the future market prospects of different electricity storage options, such as short‐term battery storage and long‐term storage as pumped hydro storage, as well

The use of biodiesel is important, as it is a more sustainable energy source, obtained in many cases from vegetable oils and wastes such as fried used oils. In that way, there are plenty of advantages derived from its use, such as higher flash and combustion points. On the other hand, the oxidative stability of these samples is shorter, not complying with the European standards.

One of the most promising, cost‐effective, and readily available technologies for reducing greenhouse gas emissions to the atmosphere is the capture and separation of CO2 from large stationary sources and storage in geological formations. Storage security, especially in the early stages of operation, is mostly guaranteed by caprock formations with very low permeability overlying the reservoir, capable

Postcombustion CO2 separation using aqueous amine solution has a great potential to minimize CO2 emissions but is expensive due to huge energy requirement for solvent regeneration. Several structural modifications can be implemented to minimize the regeneration energy requirement and optimize the energy efficiency. In this study, we evaluated the techno‐economic benefits of three stripping modifications

Deployment of bioenergy with CO2 capture and storage (BECCS) is projected to be crucial in reducing the United States’ CO2 emissions intensity. In this paper, we utilize a spatially explicit costing model to evaluate how regional biophysical factors and geography affect BECCS viability. We find that the cost of biomass provision and CO2 transport and storage are an average of $20/t‐CO2 and $16/t‐CO2

Poly(amide‐6‐b‐ethylene oxide)(PEBA) mixed matrix membranes (MMMs) containing different metal‐organic frameworks (MOFs) of CuBTC, ZIF‐8, and ZIF‐67 have been dip‐coated on asymmetric PAN supports. To optimize the ideal skin‐layer parameters, MOF loadings of 5, 15, 25, and 35 wt% were applied. The synthesized MOFs and MMMs were structurally characterized using X‐ray diffraction (XRD), Fourier‐transform

We present a model framework for dynamic simulation of the flow of CO 2 and other components in an injection well coupled with a near‐well reservoir. With a partitioned approach, we employ numerical methods adapted to the governing equations in each domain. In both well and reservoir, accurate thermodynamics are used. This model can be used for various design and operational considerations for CO 2

Carbon sequestration and utilization are currently gaining attention as they help to reduce the emission of greenhouse gases in the atmosphere. This study explores the possibility of using carbon dioxide as a feedstock for the production of ammonium carbamate, a precursor molecule for urea production. Waste cooking oil was used as the indispensable nonaqueous medium for the formation of pure ammonium

Carbon capture and storage (CCS) is considered to be an effective method to mitigate anthropogenic carbon emissions that have been the major cause of global warming. One of the possible sites to store CO2 is in geothermal reservoirs. In this study, an attempt to simulate CO2–brine reservoir rock interaction inside a geothermal reservoir is carried out using the PHREEQC program. The study utilizes published

Considering the enormous amounts of carbon dioxide (CO2) emissions generated in China, the country's fulfillment of its Intended Nationally Determined Contributions (INDCs) is essential in achieving the goal of mitigating global climate change delineated in the Paris Agreement. In order to forecast the future development of China's carbon‐related INDC indicators, this research uses a segmented quadratic

In this study, an in situ weighting system was used to study the thermal behavior of dried municipal sludge (MS) in the flue gas exiting from calcium‐looping (Ca‐L) process. The results showed that mass loss peak, initial decomposition temperature, and decomposition complete temperature moved to high‐temperature zone with increased heating rate. However, they moved to low‐temperature zone at higher

The density of CO2 + crude oil mixtures is one of the most important parameters influencing CO2 diffusion and migration in oil reservoirs. However, it would be quite time consuming to obtain comprehensive density data for CO2 + alkane mixtures over a wide range of temperatures and pressures via experimental methods, therefore the development of a reliable model for predicting the densities of various

Geological carbon storage is a promising solution to reduce the CO2 concentration in the atmosphere to ameliorate the effects of global warming from the greenhouse effect. Among feasible storage options, deep saline aquifers are believed to have the largest storage capacity for the gas collected from industrial processes. The first CO2 storage project at a commercial scale in a saline aquifer is in

Natural fractures affect both the oil recovery from the enhanced oil recovery (EOR) process and the associated CO2 storage during and after EOR. The main objective of this study is to evaluate two performance parameters: (1) oil recovery during CO2 and water alternating gas (WAG) injection, and (2) CO2 storage, during and after EOR, in a fractured oil reservoir of the Appalachian basin. While previous

Methane emission quantification from gas migration (GM) and surface casing vent flow (SCVF) is needed to support strategic methane reduction targets and mitigate explosion and groundwater quality risks. This paper assessed which of 451 990 Alberta oil and gas wells should have been (or will be) tested for SCVF and/or GM according to regulations, and compared the results with the provincial GM testing

The heterogeneous impacts of environmental regulation on China's low‐carbon economic transformation has attracted much attention. This paper uses the provincial panel data of China as the sample, by constructing a dynamic intermediary effect model, this paper empirically tests the intermediary effect and path difference of different environmental regulation policies on carbon dioxide emission reduction

Amine‐containing facilitated transport membranes (AFTMs) are emerging membranes and have great potential for CO2 capture. AFTMs are particularly suitable for humid flue gases, as water vapor enhances the facilitated transportation of CO2. However, there is a lack of mathematical models available to evaluate the impact of water vapor on CO2 separation performance for large‐scale membrane modules. Therefore

The main purpose of this study is to evaluate the feasibility of geologic CO2 sequestration in terms of CO2‐brine‐rock interactions in Ramin oil field, Iran. Static experiments were conducted with carbonate rocks at 70°C and atmospheric pressure for 14, 30, and 60 days. CO2‐brine‐rock interactions were inferred from the evaluation of Ca2+, Mg2+, C l − , and SO 4 2 − concentrations and a thorough characterization

CaO/Ca(OH)2 thermochemical heat storage (THS) technology is considered to be one of the most promising technologies for large‐scale solar energy storage. However, the THS performance of raw CaO‐based materials decreases during multiple cycles. In this work, CaO derived from calcium acetate (Ac‐CaO) is prepared and applied to a coupled system that achieved simultaneous CaO/Ca(OH)2 THS and CO2 capture

Oil palm waste has been widely used in activated carbon (AC) by applying various activation methods and degrees of processing. The aim of this paper was to conduct technoeconomic assessment for pilot‐scale oil palm based AC (OPbAC) production to evaluate cost of these methods using different activation and post‐activation surface modification processes. Based on the assumptions in earlier publications

The main objective of this research is to improve the CO2 solubility and absorption rate of conventional alkanolamines including monoethanolamine (MEA) and methyldiethanolamine (MDEA) by 1,4–diaminobutane (DAB) as a promoter. Typically, the presence of two primary functional groups, lack of strict hindrance, and low molecular weight make DAB an efficient solvent to absorb CO2. In the first step, the

Biot coefficient and elastic moduli are typically assumed to have a constant value for analyzing poroelastic effects of fluid injection. To investigate the stress–pore pressure dependency of Biot coefficient and elastic moduli, we conducted a series of laboratory experiments on a porous dolomite core sample from a reef in Michigan basin. We varied the confining stress as well as the pore pressure in

This paper evaluates the relationship between ultraviolet‐B (UV‐B, 280–315 nm) radiation enhancement on the earth's surface caused by ozone attenuation and climate change. A pot experiment was conducted to investigate the effects of enhanced UV‐B radiation on greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions from the paddy soil with rice straw incorporation (SI). The paddy soil was sampled from the Yuanyang Terrace,

The kinetics of the reactions of carbon dioxide (CO2) with aqueous solutions of two different sterically hindered amines (SHAs), 2‐amino‐2‐ethyl‐1,3‐propanediol (AEPD) and 2‐amino‐2‐methyl‐1,3‐propanediol (AMPD), in the presence and absence of carbonic anhydrase (CA) was investigated experimentally using stopped‐flow conductimetry. The amine concentration, CA concentration, and temperature were varied

Limestone can be used to generate a sorbent suitable for CO2 capture via the reversible carbonation of CaO, in a process often referred to as calcium looping. This sorbent loses reactivity to CO2 upon cycles of carbonation and calcination (the reverse of carbonation). Several methods of improving sorbent performance have previously been investigated, including by generating synthetic sorbents or simple

CO2 capture using hydroxide‐based adsorbents is studied experimentally for two adsorbents of Mg(OH)2 and Ca(OH)2. The adsorbents are characterized before and after the adsorption process by X‐ray diffraction and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy analyses. The experiments were carried out in the ranges of 25–65°C, 2–10 bar, and 0.5–2.5 g for temperature, initial pressure, and weight of adsorbent

This study based on woody biomass was conducted under an experimental design of randomized complete blocks with two species, Eucalyptus saligna and Eucalyptus tereticornis, in three planting densities, 5000 trees ha−1, 10 000 trees ha−1, and 20 000 trees ha−1. Data were collected at 3, 12, and 24 months and growing relationships were analyzed. Adobe ground biomass, soil carbon reserve, plant issue

Why do we need ‘renewable carbon’? In order to fight climate change, we need to curb our consumption of fossil resources. This has been shown in many studies and several of them even quantify how much of the remaining fossil resources need to be left in the ground. In the energy sector, this is possible through ‘decarbonisation’. However, this strategy is not feasible for organic chemistry, which is

Climate change is a vital environmental issue that significantly affects rice productivity. Rice paddy fields are one of the greatest anthropogenic sources of methane (CH4) and nitrous oxide (N2O) emissions. To evaluate the combined effects of manure amendment and water management on GHG emissions, grain yield and water productivity per rice yield in a lowland rice field with a sandy clay loam soil

In this study, we investigated the effect of calcium sources with different solubilities and the carbonic anhydrase (CA) enzyme on carbonate mineralization reaction, and analyzed the reaction rate, the morphology of the formed precipitate, and the surface. The CO2 mineralization rate was affected by the rate of CO2 hydration and the rate of Ca ionization. For all of the calcium sources tested, CA improved

China is actively taking measures to guide the household energy‐saving consumption pattern because the total household indirect energy consumption and CO2 emissions have rapidly multiplied from 2002 to 2017 with an annual growth rate of 5.95%, and 5.56%, respectively. This paper calculates indirect energy consumption and CO2 emissions by four energy sources (raw coal, crude oil, natural gas, and electricity)

There is an attempt to reduce CO2 emissions caused by the use of fossil fuel worldwide and the negative consequences of global warming. Thus, renewable energy systems (RES) are an alternative for reducing fossil fuel use. In addition to being environmentally friendly, it is also important to ensure safety, reliability, and sustainability in the resources and systems used to achieve targets to reduce

This paper assesses the contribution of a controllable load (a reverse osmosis [RO] seawater desalination plant), together with an energy storage system in Porto Santo's small islanded electric power system. The controllable load and storage system are used to (i) smooth the net‐demand fluctuations and adapt it to the availability of renewable energy sources (RES), thus avoiding possible curtailments

Membrane separation is gaining great attention in many applications, especially in gas separation. Polysulfone (PSF) is the most widely studied polymeric membrane material for CO2 in its pure or modified state. Ionic liquids supported membrane technology (SILMs) are now widely applied due to their unique properties at room temperatures. In our previous study, we proved the enhanced ability of ionic

With the aim of using side‐scan sonar (SSS) in marine monitoring at offshore CO2 storage sites, an experiment was conducted in a bay with a flat seabed, approximately 32 m deep. CO2 bubbles released at regulated rates between 500 and 5000 mL min−1 were searched for with SSS to elucidate the detection limit, which depends on the towing speed and the altitude of SSS, and the horizontal distance between

Hyperbranched polyglycerol polymers (HPG) were synthesized, characterized, and used to separate gasoline from deionized water. The study indicates HPG as potentially effective materials for the recovery of oil from oil/water emulsion. High and low molecular weight HPG were synthesized using the cationic ring‐opening polymerization method and characterized by various methods including, NMR, Fourier

In 2018, the International CCS Knowledge Centre (CCS Knowledge Centre) conducted a feasibility study with SaskPower to determine if a business case could be made for a postcombustion, carbon capture retrofit of SaskPower's Shand Power station, a 305‐MW, single‐unit, lignite coal‐fired power station located near Estevan, Saskatchewan. Specifically, Mitsubishi heavy industries’ KM CDR technology was

The formation of gas hydrates in offshore subsea lines is a major flow assurance concern for the oil and gas industry. In this work, the thermodynamic hydrate inhibition (THI) effect of doping amino acids (AA) such as glycine (Gly), l‐alanine (Ala), and histidine (His) with classical gas hydrate inhibitors (CHI) such as methanol (Me), ethylene glycol (EG), and sodium chloride (NaCl) have been examined

This study discusses experiment‐induced alterations of shale rocks collected across the ordovician and silurian boundary at a potential site for carbon dioxide sequestration located in the Polish part of the Baltic Basin. Mudstone samples submerged in brine in custom‐built reactors were subjected to CO2 pressures of 30–35 MPa at a temperature of 80°C for 40 days. After the experiments were completed

This work has conducted a numerical study using AVL‐Boost engine simulation utilizing biogas (CH4 and CO2)–air mixtures in a SI engine model. The effect of varying the air manifold temperature from 25 to 50°C on the combustion characteristics as well as engine performance under full load condition in a SI engine fueled by gasoline and biogas mixtures has been investigated. The performed tests involved

Currently, the electrification of passenger cars is seen as one of the key strategies for heading toward a sustainable transport system. Of special interest are battery electric vehicles (BEVs), which can enable significant emission reductions if electricity used is produced from renewable energy sources. However, mainly due to their high investment costs (retail purchase price) of BEVs, they are currently

Environmental problems such as the greenhouse effect have forced countries to consciously reduce the use of coal, and many coal mines have been forced to close. However, most of the abandoned coal mines have not been redeveloped or utilized, resulting in a huge waste and idleness of resources. Abandoned coal mines may also cause subsequent safety, environmental, and social problems. In particular,

This study evaluated street trees’ potential for energy recovery and greenhouse gas (GHG) mitigation/emissions throughout their lifespans. Trees can mitigate GHG emissions as a result of CO2 uptake during growth; but GHGs are emitted when the branches and/or leaves are used as compost or fuel for energy production at the end of its life. A 41‐year period (1976–2017) of the street trees along the sidewalks

Water alternating CO2 gas injection (WAG CO2) is one of the most promising enhanced oil recovery techniques. The optimization of this process requires performing many time‐consuming simulations. In this paper, an intelligent hybridization based on support vector regression (SVR) and genetic algorithm (GA) is introduced for the WAG process optimization in the presence of time‐dependent constraints.

Various error sources exist in the specified relative permeability (kr) curves for numerical modeling of CO2/water core flooding process, including model selection, parameter estimation, and heterogeneity setting. In this study, we quantitatively investigate their effects on model predictions by a numerical sensitivity analysis. Numerical simulation results indicate: (1) The errors in residual gas

The aim of this study was to determine the total level of vehicle‐based CO2 emissions for Turkey. Turkey was chosen for the case study because of the CO2‐intensive characteristics of vehicles in this country. Vehicle‐based emissions were calculated through use of a questionnaire survey. Total CO2 emissions were calculated for each province. It was evident that vehicle‐based CO2 emissions per capita

Estimation of the solar‐to‐fuel energy conversion efficiency (with and without heat recuperation) of the Sm2O3/SmO‐based solar‐driven thermochemical CO2 splitting cycle is reported. HSC Chemistry 9.9 software and its thermodynamic database were utilized for the thermodynamic analysis. The temperatures required for the partial thermal reduction (TR) of Sm2O3 and the reoxidation of SmO via CO2 splitting

Detailed parametric analyses on a post‐combustion carbon dioxide (CO2) capture system using a hot potassium carbonate solution was completed using a rate‐based simulation study. The system was simulated in Aspen Plus® V10, adopting the electrolyte non‐random two‐liquid property package. A base case study of the system was validated using literature data. Parametric analyses were then performed to study