Based on 2016 fuel consumption and utilizing US-EPA AP-42 emission factors, emissions from the burning fuel facilities for energy production in Kuwait were calculated. The total emissions for criteria pollutants were 1.89E+01, 6.97E+02, 1.05E+02, 8.05E+00, 8.54E+00, and 1.60E−03 Gg of CO, SO2, NOx, PM10, PM2.5, and Pb, respectively. For benzene, ethylbenzene, toluene, xylenes, and BTEX, they were 2

Once the operational life of electronics component is over, it becomes part of electronic waste (e-waste). Afterwards, it is either dumped in landfills or recycled for metallic constituents. Landfills, in long run, are proven hazardous. Recycling approach also leaves a significant energy footprint on environment. This article presents a brief insight into the harmful impacts of the e-waste. Primary

Groundwater is considered as the primary source of drinking water in many countries around the world. For maintaining resource sustainability, clean and safe groundwater is a priority for water authorities worldwide. Unfortunately, groundwater resources are susceptible to various types of pollution, with arsenic (As) being a major pollutant in certain areas due to natural or anthropogenic activities

Recent advances in the utilization of hydrogen as an alternative fuel source to conventional fossil fuels have led to a search for a renewable process of producing hydrogen. Most hydrogen today is produced from hydrocarbons in a process that also releases high levels of carbon dioxide and carbon monoxide, two established greenhouse gasses; because of this harmful means of production, research has been

In this study, municipal solid waste (MSW) was considered as a three-phase structure including a waste body with a given field capacity and permeability, preferential channels with high permeability and impermeable sections. Hence, a landfill simulation reactor (LSR) consisting of rockwool and Sand (as the waste body), copper pipes (as preferential channels) and plastic pieces (as impermeable sections)

During the last decades, rising environmental concerns about the widespread usage of petroleum-based synthetic compounds and assorted chemicals has posed a challenge in mitigating these in an environmentally benign and sustainable manner; thus, naturally occurring polymers have emerged as the most suited candidates for their different properties, availability, etc. Many recent literature works have

Ambient particulate matter pollution is a serious threat to public health, the global economy and the wider environment. Recent World Health Organisation figures show 92% of the world lives in an area that exceeds the organization’s air quality guideline. Between 87 and 90% of all deaths from air pollution occur in Low–Middle-Income Countries (subcategorised as Least Developed Countries, Less Economically

Water regulation and soil retention are regulating services that play an important role in the sustainability of arid ecosystems. A study was carried out to assess the potential of semiarid plant communities in providing water regulation and soil retention ecosystem services. Concrete plots were made around plants and bare surface (control) to measure sediment and runoff after each rainfall event from

The novel coronavirus (COVID-19), first reported in late December 2019, has affected the lives of many people throughout the world. Significant studies have been conducted on this pandemic, some of which have addressed understanding the relationship between different air pollutants and confirmed cases. In this study, the effects of four air pollutants (carbon monoxide, nitrogen dioxide, ozone, and

In the agricultural sector, huge quantities of agricultural residues are being generated every year. The valorization of the underutilized agricultural residues through microwave-assisted pyrolysis (MAP) is highlighted in recent years. This article focuses on the current status for MAP of agricultural residues with the possible applications of the pyrolysis products in the agricultural sector and the

This study aims to investigate the optimal conditions for the elimination of albendazole (veterinary drug) by adsorption on activated carbon, prepared from a plant waste (pericarp of cork oak acorns). This low cost adsorbent was characterized by determining the Brunauer–Emmett–Teller surface area, morphology by using scanning electron microscope and surface chemical properties with Fourier transformed

By release of nanoparticles with toxic potentials into environment, there is an urgent need for development of keen procedures for their removal. In this research, unmodified iron oxide nanoparticles were applied for the separation of the Ag/AgCl nanoparticles, Ag nanoparticles, Ag–Cu nanoparticles and Cu nanoparticles from the aqueous environment. The samples were subjected to different characterization

This paper illustrates how Machine Learning techniques can be used to assess the impact of environmental protocols that are sparsely activated over time. A case study is analysed: the impact of a protocol that sets traffic restrictions on NO2 levels in Madrid’s urban area. The protocol specifies that these restrictions are active only when NO2 level reaches above a certain threshold. Since the protocol

Synthetic dyes are scattered in untreated or inappropriately treated effluents, and their dangerous items created during the halfway corruption are released into the water bodies that cause a horrendous smell, which prompts anomalous changes in the nature of water. In the present study, green algae and cyanobacteria are considered as a significant hotspot for decolorizing color and material gushing

The enormous growth in the consumption of plastic grocery bags and their non-biodegradability nature has become a serious cause of waste generation. In the context of the disposal of plastic, pyrolysis is a promising technique that addresses the energy crisis issue too. Therefore, in this work, pyrolysis kinetics and thermodynamic parameters of plastic grocery bags were investigated using different

In this study, we present a method of assessing the quality of groundwater and the Complex Terminal aquifer of the Souf region, under a geographic information systems environment, using the Analytic Hierarchy Process (AHP) model. 20 wells of the study area were sampled for physico-chemical parameters of water quality. These parameters were used in an AHP model to assess the vulnerability of the study

This study aims to determine the effects of initial pollutant concentration level (1/1–1/4), flow rate (10–40 mL/min), NaCl concentration (0.1–1 M), pH (3–9) and current density (4.73–23.67 mA/cm2) parameters on the removals of total suspended solids, total organic carbon, chemical oxygen demand, total nitrogen and color for economic treatment of cattle-abattoir wastewater using mesh-type Ti/Pt anodes

Forward osmosis (FO) is the most promising upcoming desalination technique which requires more detailed researches to reduce its challenges like low pure water flux and high reverse solute flux. This paper represents the fabrication of thin-film nanocomposite polyethersulfone membrane with 0.005 wt% of silica nanoparticle (SiNPs) loading and analysis of FO performance of the fabricated TFN membrane

Metal–organic framework MOF-5 was used for the first time as a heterogeneous acid catalyst for the simultaneous esterification/transesterification of two nonedible oils, waste cooking oil and Jatropha curcas oil. Fatty acid methyl ester (biodiesel) production was evaluated using an experimental central composite design. A surface response methodology allowed the determination of optimal reaction conditions

Marine crude oil spill is the most alarming environmental issue and the dreadful instance of petroleum hydrocarbon pollution around the world. Successful remediation of these toxic pollutants demands for the ample production of biosurfactant and biocatalysts by the native hydrocarbon-degrading microbes. The main focus of this investigation is to determine the potential of a halo-tolerant and biosurfactant-producing

Water is an essential resource for all people, particularly those who live in arid areas, such as Kabul city, Afghanistan. In last decade, development of academic communities and contribution from international organizations have provided opportunities for researchers to address the environmental issues, including problems related to drinking water in Kabul city. Although most of these researches focused

The present study deals with the assessment of the fluoride concentration from 60 different spatially distributed well locations and associated health risks to rural residents in the Achhnera block of Agra, Western Uttar Pradesh, India. Monte Carlo simulation and sensitivity analysis were applied to quantify uncertainties in risk estimation. Assessment of the human health risk was carried out using

The spatial modelling of soil properties provides us with essential and useful information relevant to soil fertility management and environmental protection. The study aims to investigate the ability of empirical Bayesian kriging and principal component analysis, multiple linear regressions with environmental covariates in the modelling of soil properties distribution. For this study, thirty (n = 30)

Using constant coefficients is an inefficient way to explain the details of the problem of pollutant transport. This is due to factors such as nonuniform geometry, discharge changes, flow velocity and dispersion coefficient variations. Previous studies indicate that the ratio of studies on pollutant transport in rivers is lower than those on the porous media. However, the relative complexity of the

In this study, the synthesis of the {001} facet of anatase TiO2 (T-{001}) was hydrothermally carried out by a two-step process (without using fluoride ions as capping agent); the synthesized T-{001} sample was characterized by XRD, FESEM and HRTEM. The T-{001} was used for improvement in biodegradability of paper mill wastewater in the batch and continuous system under UV light irradiation. The performance

Energy conservation and improving efficiency remain top issues facing construction projects today. Studies on energy-efficient technologies are scarce in construction sector, and this area needs to be focused. Energy-efficient technologies have been proved important tools to manage cost and improve project efficiency. Despite the fact that energy-efficient technologies have been embraced by developed

Anaerobic digestion is a widely applicated technology for the treatment of wastes. Though it has been developed for many years, there are still some existing problems that need to be solved especially when it is used in a large scale in China. Substantial researches have been carried out and tried to increase biogas production and treatment efficiency in anaerobic digestion. In this review, the development

With the process of agricultural modernization, energy consumption in China’s agriculture has increased significantly these years. Based on this context, this study tries to investigate the rebound effect of China's agricultural energy consumption, and how the popularization of agricultural machinery impacts on energy rebound rate. Elasticity analysis and data envelopment analysis based on meta-frontier

Safe management and disposal of chromite ore processing residue (COPR) is an unsolved global problem. In spite of several global research efforts, the problem of safe management of COPR and redemption of dump sites has remained unsolved. There is a high risk for all living beings in and around the COPR dump sites due to prevailing significant amount of Cr(VI) content in the COPR. The problem is more

Drought ranks among the most severe environmental stressors that adversely affect crop productivity. Use of stress-tolerant plant growth-promoting rhizobacteria (PGPR) is expected to ameliorate the drought stress in plants. Therefore, in this study, a novel strain, Pseudomonas azotoformans FAP5 with multifunctional traits was obtained from screening of 50 indigenous isolates. The criteria for selection

It is well known that the long-term intake of water contaminated with arsenic (As), chromium (Cr) and fluoride (F−) can develop carcinogenic and non-carcinogenic health problems. This review study for the first time presents the comprehensive data analysis of the groundwater levels of As, Cr and F− reported in different states of India. The experimental studies conducted in different regions of India

Among the remediation possibilities of oversulfated wastes, the use of hydraulic binders appears to be a promising option. Different binders (highly clinker, moderately and highly slag binders) were used here with the objective to lower the release of sulfates from various oversulfated matrices. Stabilization tests were performed with the objective to assess binders’ efficiency with respect to their

In this study, Ag nanoparticles (Ag NPs) as antibacterial substance and Fe3O4 nanoparticles (Fe3O4 NPs) as magnetic material were synthesized and then utilized in the MBR system (Ag NPs-MBR/Fe3O4 NPs-MBR), and for synthetic petrochemical wastewater treatment, their effect on biomass characteristics and consequently effect on membrane fouling was evaluated. Chemical oxygen demand (COD), extracellular

Microalgae have recently been attended for the production of the third-generation biofuels. In the present study, the growth and lipid production capability of 16 native isolated microalgae were investigated. Then, to improve lipid accumulation of selected microalgae, BG11 culture medium with different levels of nitrogen and phosphorus was examined. A novel combination of two-growth phase cultivation

The entry of excess nutrients into the reservoir causes problems such as eutrophication, and as a result, we see a decline in the quality of water in the reservoirs and changes in the downstream ecosystem. In this study, a simulation–optimization model has been developed in the framework of selective withdrawal methods to achieve optimal operation policies that can meet the different objectives of

The accumulation of cadmium and zinc in aboveground and belowground organs of Scots pine (Pinus sylvestris L.) and the metal migration extents in the soil–plant system were analysed for the stands growing in contaminated areas from metallurgical plant emissions. The pine stands of the comparable age (38–45 years old), and a similar structure, selected for research, is grown in the sanitary protection

This study explores the need for conversion of wastes to energy for a sustainable power sector and environmental development in Nigeria, to decrease greenhouse gas emissions and to offer incentives for investments in renewable energy sources, and to mitigate the concerns on disposal of hazardous wastes in the country. The study adopts a library-based doctrinal legal research technique with a conceptual

The study is aimed to determine Pb (II) biosorption from synthetic wastewaters using natural and modified tea factory waste as biosorbent material. This process is carried out with this waste matter, which is found in large quantities, so cheap and has high metal adsorption ability. The sorption kinetic studies were determined as variations of initial pH value, particle size, initial Pb (II) and tea

This study provides a comparison of the chloride and nitrate anions, water and alcohol solutions in the formation of cobalt complexes, and their effect on the cobalt hydroxide polymorph formed and the subsequent impact on the catalytic performance of the resulting cobalt oxide. The formation of α- and β-cobalt hydroxide polymorphs as precursors to Co3O4 nanoparticles depended on the cobalt complex

In recent years, the limited energy sources and their huge costs in many countries to save money have attracted the attention of many scholars. The purpose of the energy consumption assessment of a building is to reduce the waste of the energy, and this reduction in the energy has a direct relationship to the lower costs. In this paper, the researcher tends to investigate the sensitivity and the energy

This study focuses on the contamination level of trace metals in river water, its sediments, the surrounding groundwater and its soil sediments. The region stretching between Upper Anicut and Grand Anicut in the Cauvery delta in Trichy District, Tamil Nadu, India, was chosen for study. This stretch of the river Cauvery experiences maximum quantum of water flow during the monsoon season. Once a perennial

Leaking underground storage tanks can contaminate the groundwater. Since the 1980s, California leaking underground storage tanks have released millions of gallons of petroleum containing tertiary butyl alcohol into the subsurface. This compound was banned in early 2000 due to human health concerns. The United States Environmental Protection Agency considers tertiary butyl alcohol an animal carcinogen

Water utilities evaluate the water distribution system performances by taking various performance indicators into consideration. However, it is necessary to digitize the current network characteristics and to provide hydraulic models, district metered area and pressure management system besides monitoring the water distribution systems by SCADA in order to identify an important part of these indicators

The demanding use of agricultural machines would lead to grave problems concerning the quality of agriculture soils making their compaction and disturbing the growth of the associated vegetation. Indeed, it affects the water infiltration and the soil structure. Different techniques of tillage are carried out to ameliorate the soil state. In this paper, two tillage techniques were used to study the

Fungicides that are broadly used in agriculture for plant protection may move into and contaminate water through subsurface drainage or leaching. The removal of fungicide residue has attracted scholars’ attentions mostly owing to their ecotoxicological risks. Researchers in parallel have led attempts to investigate the adsorption potency of the exceptional features of metal–organic frameworks (MOFs)

Efficiency of aqueous extracts of seed from five cultivars of faba bean in the removal of water turbidity was perceived through content of components known for the ability to clarify water as well as through their interactions. Concentrations of protein, phenolics (tannins) and phytic acid differed significantly between aqueous extracts of cultivars’ seed. At applied dosages of aqueous extracts concentrations

Natural organic matters as intrinsic microorganic pollutants are a major concern in drinking water in scopes of water supply systems operation, consumer health, aesthetic and so on. This study was done on the real water samples that was first experienced in using integrated processes (pre-ozonation, enhanced coagulation and bio-augmented carbon) for upgrading existing processes of water treatment plant

The effect of various physicochemical parameters was investigated on the removal efficiency of azo dye reactive red 120 from wastewaters by sunflower hairy roots. The highest percentage removal of the colored dye from wastewater(s) was observed at 25 °C, pH 7, adsorbent dosage 12.5 g L−1, shaking speed 85 rpm and light intensity 20 μmol m−2 s−1. Further, a combinatorial study with all the optimized

In this paper, a probabilistic water quality management model is developed to present strategies using bankruptcy rules for solving conflicts between the Environmental Protection Agency and polluters in river systems. The bankruptcy concepts are adapted to the water quality aspect, Dissolved Oxygen as the water quality factor, and the pollutant concentration refers to the asset and stakeholders' claim

Chemical warehouses are one of the high-risk areas in the process industries due to the high diversity and quantity of stored chemicals. Risk assessment is a useful tool for developing appropriate strategies to prevent and control the risks. In this study, computational fluid dynamics (CFD) and Bayesian network (BN) approaches were proposed for dynamic risk assessment. Initially, bow tie (BT) method

Currently, due to the rapid growth of urbanization and industrialization in developing countries, a large volume of wastewater is produced from industries that contain chemicals generating high environmental risks affecting human health and the economy if not treated properly. Consequently, the development of a sustainable low-cost wastewater treatment approach has attracted more attention of policymakers

Huge amounts of anthropogenic environmental pollutants appearing in nature mean an emerging problem. Oil shale is a convenient candidate, wherewith these contaminations can be removed from our natural environment, taking into account its sorption ability and low price. However, oil shale has a crumbling nature, which restricts its facile usage. Hence, oil shale was transformed into more handleable

In the list of author surnames, an author name was incorrectly stated in the original print and online files. The correct list of author names for this article should appear as: