Information about pollution and its potential impact in Australian marine wildlife is scarce. To fill this knowledge gap, our study investigated concentrations of legacy pollutants as well as naturally produced methoxylated polybrominated diphenyl ethers (MeO-PBDEs) in blubber, liver, kidney and muscle of Indo-Pacific bottlenose dolphins (Tursiops aduncus) from two large inverse estuaries in South

Detroit, Michigan, currently has the highest preterm birth (PTB) rate of large cities in the United States. Disproportionate exposure to ambient air pollutants, including particulate matter ≤2.5 μm (PM2.5), PM ≤10 μm (PM10), nitrogen dioxide (NO2) and benzene, toluene, ethylbenzene, and xylenes (BTEX) may contribute to PTB. Our objective was to examine the association of airshed pollutants with PTB

The families’ data damaged by the earthquake and flood in villages and towns along Fujiang River in Sichuan are collected by using intelligences Internet of, and the process and the degree of ruined the production and life of the farmers in this area are evaluated through the information diffusion technology. The villages and towns had suffered a large loss of integrated risk from floods and earthquakes

Background Although farming is often considered a risk factor for COPD, data regarding the burden and characteristics of COPD in dairy farmers are sparse and conflicting. Objectives To characterize COPD in dairy farmers. Methods 4788 subjects entered two parallel COPD screening programs, one in agricultural workers and one in general practice from 2011 to 2015. Subjects with COPD were invited to participate

Objective To provide estimates of the relative rate of COVID-19 death in people <65 years old versus older individuals in the general population, the absolute risk of COVID-19 death at the population level during the first epidemic wave, and the proportion of COVID-19 deaths in non-elderly people without underlying diseases in epicenters of the pandemic. Eligible data Cross-sectional survey of countries

Unabated use of nanoplastics (<1μm) in the consumer products and their consequent release to the marine environment poses a substantial threat to the marine ecosystem. The toxic impact of the nanoplastics on marine microalgae is yet to be explored in detail, and the role of reactive oxygen species generation remains largely unclear. The algal exudates constitute a significant part of the natural organics

Air pollution has happened to be one of the mounting alarms to be concerned with in many Indian cities. COVID-19 epidemic endow with a unique opportunity to report the degree of air quality improvement due to the nationwide lockdown in 10 most polluted cities across the country. National Air Quality Index (NAQI) based on continuous monitoring records of seven criteria pollutants (i.e. common air pollutants

Phthalate exposure and oxidative stress have been linked to adverse reproductive outcomes in experimental studies, whereas no clear line has been drawn for human especially in pregnant women. This study explored relationships between urinary phthalate metabolites and biomarkers of lipid peroxidation and oxidative and nitrative DNA damage. Measurements from 97 Taiwanese pregnant women were taken at

In this study the possible health effects of consumption of benthopelagic (Johnius Belangerii (C); JB) and demersal (Cynoglossus Arel; CA) fishes were evaluated. These fish species living in the Musa estuary (the biggest estuary in the south of Iran and in the northern coastline of Persian Gulf) are likely to be polluted with Hg, V, Ni and Tl. The food frequency questionnaire (FFQ) was used to estimate

Environmental risks are responsible for one in five of all deaths worldwide. Persistent, bioaccumulative, and toxic substances are chemicals that can subsist for decades in human tissues and the environment. They include heavy metals, organochlorines, polychlorinated biphenyls, organobromines, organofluorines, and polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons among others. Although humans are often exposed to multiple

The sharp increase in e-waste derived from great consumption of electronic products has become a potential global environmental challenge. Limited information is available about the potential detrimental impact of e-waste on aquatic organisms. The present study investigated the expression of detoxification-related genes and life-history parameter changes in Daphnia magna exposed to e-waste leachate

Perfluorinated compounds (PFCs) contamination of soil has attracted global attention in recent years but influences of PFCs on microorganisms in the soil environment have not been fully described. In this study, the effects of perfluorooctane sulphonate (PFOS) and perfluoroctanoic acid (PFOA) on bacterial communities were determined by Illumina Miseq sequencing and Illumina Hiseq Xten. The stimulation

Background Organophosphate pesticides (OP) are widely used for both agricultural and domestic purposes. Epidemiological studies suggest neurotoxicity in children after exposure to organophosphates pesticides (OP) at low levels but possible mechanism is still unclear. Objectives We aimed at investigating the effects of prenatal exposure to OPs on inhibitory control of 10 to 12 year-old-children assessed

Iron-modified graphitic carbon nitride (FG materials) was prepared through a simple and cost-effective method using iron oxide and melamine to achieve simultaneous oxidation and adsorption of arsenic. We hypothesized that graphitic carbon nitride oxidizes As(III) to As(V) under light irradiation, and the converted As(V) is adsorbed by the amorphous iron phase on FG materials. FG materials were characterized

Coagulation and adsorption are gradually adopted as pre-treatments to produce reclaimed potable water. However, previous researches on membrane fouling mechanisms were currently insufficient to minimize dual membrane fouling. This study aimed at investigating the effects of pre-coagulation and pre-adsorption on the removal performance and membrane fouling alleviation of dual membrane UF/NF process

Two bioreactors, suspended-growth bioreactors (SPB) and biofilter (BF), were compared for the performances in removing gaseous o-xylene. Their efficiencies were investigated by varying the o-xylene loadings, gas flow rates, and gas-water ratios. High-throughput techniques were applied for the microbial populations assay. The conversion rate of carbon in o-xylene was calculated, and the relationship

Marine toxins in bivalves pose an important risk to human health, and regulatory authorities throughout the world impose maximum toxicity values. In general, bivalve toxicities due to paralytic shellfish toxins (PSTs) above the regulatory limit occur during short periods, but in some cases, it may be extended from weeks to months. The present study examines whether cockles (Cerastoderme edule), mussels

Celiac disease (CD) is a systemic immune-mediated disorder with increased frequency in the developed countries over the last decades implicating the potential causal role of various environmental triggers in addition to gluten. Herein, we apply determination of perfluorinated alkyl substances (PFAS) and combine the results with the determination of bile acids (BAs) and molecular lipids, with the aim

Background and Purpose: Increasingly frequent meteorological disasters have brought severe challenges that should be urgently handled in the sustainable development. However, meteorological data, loss data, social economic data and so forth relating to meteorological disasters rarely be effectively fused, failing to generate, rapidly and efficiently, economic losses and thus hindering the emergency

According to numerous recent publications, the COVID-19 patients have lymphopenia, higher infection-related biomarkers and several elevated inflammatory cytokines (i.e. tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α, interleukin IL-2R and IL-6). The total number of B cells, T cells and NK cells are significantly decreased. RNA viruses, SARS-CoV-2 included, hit the innate immune system in order to cause infection, through

Introduction Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) is a neurodegenerative disorder of the central nervous system (CNS) that causes progressive and irreversible damage in motor neurons. Different causal hypotheses include genetic, viral, traumatic and environmental mechanisms, such as exposure to heavy metals. The aim of this study was to compare metal/metalloid levels in cerebro-spinal fluid of ALS subtypes

Large-scale use of ammonia, sulphate, and nitrate in industrial manufacturing has resulted in the generation of industrial wastewater pollutants. However, approaches to eliminate such contamination have not been extensively studied. Accordingly, in this study, we investigated the succession of bacteria under different influent loadings in a mixotrophic denitrification desulphurisation system. Four

Treated fish wastes have found many applications in industry and medicine. Besides, nowadays low-cost scaffold with antimicrobial activity which can accelerates the process of wound healing is very demanding. In this study fish swim bladder (FSB), taken from Rutilus frisii, which is a disposable waste was doped with silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) and evaluated as antimicrobial wound dressing. The scanning

Cyanobacterial blooms are a worldwide environmental problem, which is partly attributed to their access to excessive nitrogen (N) and phosphorus (P). Preventing the blooms by reducing N and P from internal inputs is viewed as a challenge. To evaluate the effects of dredging on cyanobacterial abundances and bacterioplankton communities, water and sediment samples were collected from eutrophic Lake Nanhu

With the impacts of climate disruption becoming more evident there has been an increase in the uptake of climate change adaptation “toolkits” to assist local governments build community resilience and adapt to the impacts of climate change. There is increasing attention and call for practitioners to adopt proactive and participatory approaches to help in the adaptive response planning process. One

Petrochemical industries are widely distributed in China. As a negative consequence, heavy metals in petrochemical area can result in soil contamination. However, the relevant research of heavy metals contamination in petrochemical area was few. In this study, a total of 103 topsoil samples (<20 cm) and 25 profile soil samples were collected and examined in a retired petrochemical industrial area,

Nitrogen (N) fertilizer is the major deriver of nitrous oxide (N2O) emissions in agricultural soil. In the vegetable fields in China both inorganic and organic fertilizers are largely applied as basic sources of nitrogen. Identifying the effects of fertilizer type on soil microbial activities involved in N2O emissions would be of great help for future development of N2O reduction strategies. N2O isotopocule

Treating and reusing greywater for agricultural irrigation is becoming increasingly prevalent in water-scarce regions such as the Middle East. However, the potential for antibiotic-resistant bacteria to be introduced into food systems or the environment via greywater reuse is a potential area of concern. It is known that off-grid treated greywater often has elevated levels of bacteria, however, little

In recent years, a number of epidemiological studies have demonstrated that exposure to air pollution is associated with several adverse outcomes, such as acute lower respiratory infections, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, asthma, cardiovascular diseases, and lung cancer among other serious diseases. Air pollutants such as sulfur oxides, nitrogen oxides, carbon monoxide and dioxide, particulate

Short-term exposure to air pollutants has been extensively related to daily mortality, however most of the evidence comes from studies conducted in major cities, and little is known on the extent of the spatial heterogeneity in the effects within areas including both urban and non-urban settings. We aimed to investigate the short-term association of air pollutants with daily cause-specific mortality

Owing to high surface energy, strong chemical reactivity and large surface area, nanoscale zero-valent iron (nZVI) as a novel emerging material has been extensively utilized in environmental cleanup. Although a lot of reviews regarding the removal of organic contaminants and heavy metals on nZVI are summarized in recent years, the advanced progress concerning the removal of radionuclides on nZVI is

Background Kerosene, which was until recently considered a relatively clean household fuel, is still widely used in low and middle-income countries for cooking and lighting. However, there is little data on its health effects. We examined cardiorespiratory effects and mortality in households using kerosene as their primary cooking fuel within the Prospective Urban Rural Epidemiology (PURE) study. Methods

Photocatalysis is a promising approach to remove highly toxic and refractory aromatics pollutants. However, developing highly active photocatalyst is a long-standing challenge for pollutant degradation. This study addressed this challenge by developing GR (graphene)/TiO2 and HPW (H3PW12O40)/GR/TiO2 membranes by sol-gel method. The removal efficiencies of HPW/GR/TiO2 (the doping of 1.0% HPW) membrane

Triazole herbicide, Thiencarbazone-methyl (TCM) applied on different crops for weedicidal activity is associated with an inherent toxicity towards bladder and urinary functionality. TCM has been first time explored for its biodegradative behavior utilizing microbes, previously isolated from soils. Simulated bio-transformation assemblies of five fungal strains; Aspergillus flavus (AF), Penicillium chrysogenum

Exposure to particulate air pollution is a major environmental risk factor for cardiovascular mortality and morbidity, on a global scale. Both acute and chronic cardiovascular impacts have so far been attributed to particulate-mediated oxidative stress in the lung and/or via ‘secondary’ pathways, including endothelial dysfunction, and inflammation. However, increasing evidence indicates the translocation

Exposure to arsenic is a risk factor for nonalcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH). Ferroptosis is a form of regulated cell death defined by the accumulation of lipid peroxidation. In the current study, we observed the occurrence of ferroptosis in arsenic-induced NASH by assessing ferroptosis related hallmarks. In vitro, we found that ferrostatin-1 effectively attenuated the executing of ferroptosis and

Background Summer temperatures are expected to increase and heat waves will occur more frequently, be longer, and be more intense as a result of global warming. A growing body of evidence indicates that increasing temperature and heatwaves are associated with excess mortality and therefore global heating may become a major public health threat. However, the heat-mortality relationship has been shown

Alkali pretreatment of anaerobic digestion (AD) was investigated as a strategy to degrade complex organic matter such as fats. AD of food waste (FW) with alkali pretreatment was conducted using batch assays and long-term experiments for 70 days in two reactors. The aim of this study was to compare the impact of alkali pretreatment on solubilization and biogas production and to evaluate the performance

The developing brain is known to be sensitive to the toxic effects of methylmercury (MeHg). The effects of toxic levels of MeHg exposure during the most seemingly vulnerable window of the cerebrum are not well studied. In this study, we aimed to examine the specific effects of toxic levels of MeHg on neurobehavior, neurodegeneration, and selenoenzyme activity in the cerebrum of infant rats. Male Wistar

VOCs emissions from motor vehicles have become a main source of air pollution in many cities. However, the characteristics of VOCs emissions have not been fully elucidated. Ten representative vehicles were selected in Wuhan, China, and the VOCs emitted by these vehicles under actual working conditions were collected and analyzed through on-road tests. Results showed that the average concentrations

Introduction Blue spaces may benefit mental health and promote physical activity, although the evidence is still scarce. And benefits on physical health are less consistent. The objective of this randomized crossover study was to assess psychological and cardiovascular responses to blue spaces’ exposure. Methods A sample of 59 healthy adult office workers was randomly assigned to a different environment

In oviparous wildlife, many critical physiological and behavioural components are strongly influenced by the embryonic and early post-hatch developmental environment. As such, early life stages in these species are highly vulnerable to both natural and anthropogenic stressors. For example, in birds, incubation temperature may influence the rate of egg development while also affecting contaminant metabolism

Wild Mediterranean mussels (Mytilus galloprovincialis) were collected from 10 coastal sites of Port Phillip Bay, Australia, and 16 types of Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) in their bodies were measured. Also, mussels from 4 of the 10 sites were sampled and the activities of Metallothioneins (MTs), superoxide dismutase (SOD), glutathione S-transferase (GST), and Ethoxyresorufin -o- deethylase

Changes in environmental conditions, whether related or not to human activities, are continuously modifying the geographic distribution of vectors, which in turn affects the dynamics and distribution of vector-borne infectious diseases. Determining the main ecological drivers of vector distribution and how predicted changes in these drivers may alter their future distributions is therefore of major

The practice of social distancing and wearing masks has been popular worldwide in combating the contraction of COVID-19. Undeniably, although such practices help control the COVID-19 pandemic to a greater extent, the complete control of virus-laden droplet and aerosol transmission by such practices is poorly understood. This review paper intends to outline the literature concerning the transmission

Concentrated human milk (HM-concentrate) can be obtained from the simple and inexpensive method of donated breast milk direct lyophilization. A previous study reported that HM-concentrate contains the adequate amount of main macro- and micronutrients for use as a nutritional resource for preterm infants with very low birth weight admitted to neonatal intensive care units. However, further details need

Background Little is known about the quality of drinking water in US correctional facilities (e.g. detention centers, prisons, jails, etc.). Our objective was to determine if incarcerated persons are at risk for chronic, elevated arsenic exposure relative to the non-incarcerated US population, particularly in the Southwestern US where public water and groundwater arsenic concentrations are high compared

Background The relationship between maternal exposure to air pollution and birth outcomes is not well characterised where ambient air pollution is relatively low. Objectives We aimed to explore the association between maternal exposure to ambient nitrogen dioxide (NO2) and fine particulate matter (PM2.5) and a range of birth outcomes in Victoria, Australia. Secondary aims were to explore whether obstetric

Extremely high temperatures, a major cause for weather-related public health issues, are projected to intensify and become more frequent. To mitigate the adverse effects, a low-cost and effective risk assessment method should be developed. Therefore, we applied automatic meteorological station data and population mobility data to develop a high spatiotemporal resolution temperature risk assessment

Worldwide spread of COVID-19 in a quite short time has brought a dramatic decrease in industrial activities, road traffic and tourism. Restricted human interaction with nature during this crisis time has appeared as a blessing for nature and environment. Reports from all over the world are indicating that after the outbreak of COVID-19, environmental conditions including air quality and water quality

It is known that, for marine coastal ecosystems, pollution and global warming are among the most threatening factors. Among emerging pollutants, nanoparticles (NPs) deserve particular attention as their possible adverse effects are significantly influenced by environmental factors such as salinity, pH and temperature, as well as by their ability to interact with other contaminants. In this framework

MIL-101(Fe)/sugarcane bagasse (SCB) with high adsorption capacity and selectivity toward phosphate was prepared through in-situ synthesis method. Effects of bagasse size on the morphology and performances of the composites were investigated, and adsorption behavior and mechanism of phosphate on the composite prepared at the optimum bagasse size were studied. Results showed that composite prepared with