It is evident that climate change and unanticipated natural events pose new challenges for humanity and the environment. Already over half of the global population resides in cities, making the urban landscape a crucial focus area. Nature-based solutions (NbS) are an opportunity to address both environmental and societal challenges in both the immediate and long term, bearing particular importance

Analysis of genetic diversity in dendranthema is necessary to improve this important ornamental species. In this study, 30 Dendranthema grandiflora cultivars were assessed based on 21 phenotypic traits and 13 ISSR loci based on a completely randomized block design with three replications in Iran. Phenotypic traits such as plant height, lateral branch number, leaf number, leaf area, and flower number

The peri-urban areas of European metropolises offer a diversity of vegetated spaces – forests, agricultural land, abandoned or preserved natural areas – that receive ecological attention from city dwellers. This attention varies locally depending on the socio-economic characteristics of the population and raises the question of ecological inequalities in accessing different types of landscapes. Once

The distal end of grape berries preferentially cracks during the soaking process in vitro, which may be related to preferential water uptake and cell anatomy. Thus, the relationship between water uptake and cell anatomical structure was assessed using 49 grape varieties. In vitro immersion experiments were performed on mature berries to measure the differences in berry-cracking properties. A whole-berry

ABSTRACT Bend neck of scape and short vase life are the most important problems of cut gerbera flowers in postharvest stage. Inhibitors of laccase enzyme influence lignin formation at cut stem end of flowers. In this study, cut gerbera (Gerbera jamesonii cv. Intense) flowers were subjected to laccase enzyme inhibitors including Dithiothreitol (DTT: 0.05, 0.1, 0.2 mM), Thioglycolic acid (TGA: 0.25,

ABSTRACT Drought is an environmental stress that limits agricultural and horticultural production worldwide. Paeonia lactiflora Pall. is a perennial flowering plant with strong environmental adaptability and a good candidate for production in arid areas. Using the Illumina Hiseq platform to study the transcriptome of P. lactiflora leaves under drought stress, 62.27 Gb of clean data was obtained and

Studies have indicated that a sense of community may be shaped by the built environment and has potential mental wellbeing implications. However, few studies have explored this pathway empirically. Moreover, research has rarely differentiated the role of objective and perceived built environment. Based on a survey of 1,553 older adults undertaken between 2015 and 2017 in Hong Kong, we explored the

There is a dearth of studies on the genes engaged in citrus taste. Unraveling the major genes involved in pathways related to the taste of citrus (sweet or acidic) is highly important for developing new genotypes with favorable taste. Pivotal genes linked to citrus taste can be extracted through mining a large number of expression data. To attain this objective, 10 different attribute weighting algorithms

Sustaining biodiversity depends on conservation actions coordinated at spatial extents large enough to maintain ecological processes. Numerous conservation prioritizations have been conducted resulting in gridded maps of pixels representing importance. However, it is not always clear how to move from priority pixels to landscape conservation designs, as pixels do not represent tangible, coherent landscapes

Salutogenic effects of living near aquatic areas (blue space) remain underexplored, particularly in non-coastal and non-urban areas. We evaluated associations of residential proximity to inland freshwater blue space with new onset type 2 diabetes (T2D) in central and northeast Pennsylvania, USA, using medical records to conduct a nested case-control study. T2D cases (n = 15,888) were identified from

Grapefruit (G) parts contain abundant phenolic acids and flavonoids (PPNs and FLVs). The wastes created from exocarps, mesocarps (G wastes, GW) and waste blanching water (WBW) lead to a considerable loss of PPNs and FLVs. Here, we assessed Buntan (CB), Buntan Hayata (CBH), and Peiyu (CP) cultivars and observed considerable amounts of PPNs and FLVs. The ethanolic extracts of GW (GWE) and WBW contained

ABSTRACT The work proposed a method for recognising the green grapes in the orchard based on multi-source image fusion. First, the acquired multi-source images were denoised based on median filtering and wavelet transform. After extracting the feature points by the improved SURF (speeded up robust features) method, the registration was completed based on the consistency of feature offset and the affine

The ‘dose’ of nature required for health benefits, and whether repeat visits to the same environment consistently confer health benefits, is unclear. We sought to provide proof of concept for testing this. Data were collected on repeated visits to either a natural or pleasant urban environment from 41 adults on three days, and at one follow-up assessment. Participants completed baseline profiling,

Agroforestry landscapes are crucial to human wellbeing; however, they are in sharp decline across Europe. Improved understanding of the complexity of agroforestry landscapes within different biophysical, social-cultural, economic and governance contexts is essential for designing effective policy and management interventions that are more tightly aligned with societal expectations and aspirations.

Subirrigation systems are widely used in commercial greenhouses for efficient and high-quality production of potted plants. However, proper criteria of the water level and retention time need to be quantified for more efficient irrigation. This study analyzed the water absorption and vertical water distribution in a horticultural substrate in 10-cm pots under various subirrigation water levels and

A Correction to this paper has been published: https://doi.org/10.1007/s10658-021-02223-w

Citrus post-bloom fruit drop (PFD) is caused by Colletotrichum acutatum and C. gloeosporioides species complexes and frequently occurs in São Paulo (SP) state, Brazil. The environmental requirements for conidial germination and appressorium formation have been already determined in vitro; however, the environmental conditions for infection in citrus flowers remain unknown. C. acutatum is considered

Common hollyhock (Alcea rosea) is a ubiquitous ornamental in temperate climates but is highly adaptable and can be found growing in the tropics and subtropics. In 2019, an A. rosea plant showing symptoms of irregular chlorotic flecking on the basal leaves, with symptoms becoming gradually less severe toward the apex, was sampled in Pretoria, Gauteng province, South Africa. Total RNA was used to prepare

The G protein α-subunit, GPA1, is an integral component of several signaling pathways in plants, including response to abiotic stress. However, the molecular mechanism behind these processes remains largely unknown in the cucumber plant (Cucumis sativus L.). In order to further understand the role of CsGPA1 in cucumber under drought stress, changes in plant growth, physiological parameters, and gene

ABSTRACT The basic shoot characteristics of ‘Karina’ and ‘Sylvia’ sweet cherry (Prunus avium L.) trees grafted on Gisela 3, Gisela 5, Piku 4, Weiroot 72 and F12/1 rootstocks were examined 3 years after planting. In both cultivars, F12/1 achieved a greater shoot length (SL) and diameter (SD) and a lower number of flower clusters per cm SL (NFC·cm−1 SL) than the other rootstocks. Furthermore, although

ABSTRACT Seed potato (Solanum tuberosum L.) physiological age (PA; defined as the developmental stage of a potato seed) and genotype are known to influence potato yield and final tuber yield distribution. We investigated the impacts of PA of two contrasting cultivars (‘Bondi’ and ‘Fraser’) on growth and development of individual canopy organs and their linkage with the source–sink process that regulates

Diseases caused by phytopathogenic microorganisms are difficult to control and can affect plants at different stages of their development. Several resistance genes and antimicrobial peptides (AMPs) have been identified and related to the resistance process of Capsicum. In recent years, studies have shown that peppers, especially the accession UENF1381, present resistance against phytopathogenic microorganisms

ABSTRACT Vacuolar processing enzymes (VPEs) are important cysteine proteases and function in the processing and maturation of protein precursors, plant senescence and immunity, programmed cell death, as well as sugar accumulation. This paper investigated VPEs in pear and identified as a key finding eight members of the VPE family in the pear (Pyrus) genome, and their gene structure, protein conserved

Neofusicoccum parvum is a recently reported pathogen affecting Theobroma cacao L., and has been isolated from symptomatic pods on Oahu and Hawaii Islands. Determining infection routes and virulence are essential for assessing the impact of N. parvum on cacao production and developing effective disease management strategies. Infection routes were determined by inoculating unwounded stems and pods with

By feeding on grapevine roots, the ectoparasite Xiphinema index transmits grapevine fanleaf virus (GFLV), causing fanleaf degeneration in the plant. Therefore, rootstock breeding programs are considered a key to resistance to both threats. Previous screening depends on long-lasting inoculation experiments and mainly focuses on evaluating gall formation on the parasitized roots to identify potential

Despite what numerous studies on the perceived importance and value of urban trees may suggest, urban trees are subject to endless debates and controversies. The problems span individuals’ reluctance to clean up leaves to broader discussions on what a ‘modern city’ should look like. To study these issues, we benefitted from a national-scale policy liberalization that involved a drastic change in regulations

Artemisia princeps (Ganghwa wormwood) is a medicinal plant that produces two major flavonoids, eupatilin and jaceosidin, which are used in the treatment of gastritis and peptic ulcers. A. princeps is primarily field cultivated, which has some drawbacks, including only one cultivation period per year and variations in flavonoid production due to environmental changes. The objective of this study was

Most cherry orchards in China have low organic carbon content, though carbon is very important for plant growth. The changes in soil carbon and bacterial diversity were determined after different amounts of 12C-glucose were added to the rhizosphere of Cerasus sachalinensis. Soil bacteria diversity was measured using high throughput sequencing, and bacteria containing 13C-glucose were identified using

ABSTRACT Gardenia jasminoides J. Ellis. is widely used in horticulture and its fruit is heavily used in the natural pigment and traditional Chinese medicinal industries. Functional discovery and characterisation of genes in fruits generally require accurate transcript quantification. Therefore, we first identified twenty candidate genes and then set out to determine their stability in qRT-PCR assays

ABSTRACT Leaf yellowing caused by chlorophyll degradation directly reduces the commercial quality of post-harvest Chinese flowering cabbage. However, the mechanism of chlorophyll degradation in post-harvest Chinese flowering cabbage remains unclear. In this work, we identified a leaf senescence-responsive NAC family transcription factor, a homologue of JUB1 in Arabidopsis, termed BrJUB1 in post-harvest

ABSTRACT Studies proving the food properties of some vegetable species are still incipient. Aiming to obtain deeper knowledge about the nutritional potentials, the scope of this work was to characterise the food compounds of interest, present in vegetables known as unconventional, in Brazil, and to group these species according to their chemical and nutritional similarities. Eight nutritional characteristics

ABSTRACT Papaya leaf curl disease (PaLCuD) is a serious problem to the production of papaya (Carica papaya L.) in India and infection due to this virus is not limited to papaya, but to chilli and tomato. In this study, leaf samples from diseased papaya plant showing extreme leaf curling and venation were collected from New Delhi region, India during the period of 2016–2017. Rolling Circle Amplification(RCA)

Rose (Rosa hybrida) is widely used for cut flowers and as garden plants. Stable and efficient transformation system is required for functional genomics of rose. Here, we established an efficient transformation method for rose using Agrobacterium tumefaciens-mediated transformation of embryogenic callus. Expanding rose leaves were used as explants to induce somatic embryos, which were subjected to transformation

This research aims at integrating ecological networks modelling in a participatory approach in order to assess impacts of land-use planning scenarios on landscape connectivity. This approach was applied to the metropolitan area of Bordeaux, a highly dynamic territory that has been modified by several decades of rapid urbanization. Whilst ecological network modelling is widely used in the academic spheres

ABSTRACT Gardenia jasminoides J. Ellis. is widely used in horticulture and its fruit is heavily used in the natural pigment and traditional Chinese medicinal industries. Functional discovery and characterisation of genes in fruits generally require accurate transcript quantification. Therefore, we first identified twenty candidate genes and then set out to determine their stability in qRT-PCR assays

ABSTRACT Leaf yellowing caused by chlorophyll degradation directly reduces the commercial quality of post-harvest Chinese flowering cabbage. However, the mechanism of chlorophyll degradation in post-harvest Chinese flowering cabbage remains unclear. In this work, we identified a leaf senescence-responsive NAC family transcription factor, a homologue of JUB1 in Arabidopsis, termed BrJUB1 in post-harvest

As a response to strong radiative heating, the fruit temperature of apples may rise significantly above the air temperature. This may result in damage to the skin tissue and the epidermal and hypodermal cell layers. To avoid economic losses induced by sunburn symptoms on the skin, apple growers need forecasts of the fruit temperature, which will allow them to organize sun-protection measures in time

The need for monetary valuation of recreational ecosystem services in urban areas is greatly acknowledged in several contexts. Most often, studies provide a total value of recreational visits, but a separate contribution of ecosystem, cultural, and commercial services to the value of recreation in urban ecosystems is rarely provided. In this study, the recreational importance of an urban park including

Capsicum baccatum is one of the main chili peppers cultivated in South America. However, most studies on genetics and breeding have focused on C. annuum, and not C. baccatum. To gain more insights into C. baccatum genetics and breeding, this work estimated the combinatorial abilities of dedo-de-moça-type chili peppers (C. baccatum var. pendulum) in relation to morphoagronomic and biochemical traits

Trichoderma is a rhizosphere fungus widely used in agriculture due to the variety of mechanisms of biological control. It can establish a direct relationship with the plant root cells, modifying the morphology and physiological processes, conferring a better defensive capacity against the attack of pathogens in the soil. This research aimed to study the interaction of T. asperellum, T. harzianum, T

Rice blast (caused by Pyricularia oryzae) is the most devastative disease threatening sustainability rice production. The role of silicon as a foliar application in biochemical defence involvement towards P. oryzae infection in aerobic rice remains unclear. The goal of this study was to explore the effectiveness of silicon (Si) as a foliar spray in triggering phytoalexin synthesis to increase resistance

ABSTRACT Studies proving the food properties of some vegetable species are still incipient. Aiming to obtain deeper knowledge about the nutritional potentials, the scope of this work was to characterise the food compounds of interest, present in vegetables known as unconventional, in Brazil, and to group these species according to their chemical and nutritional similarities. Eight nutritional characteristics

Huanglongbing (HLB), caused by Candidatus Liberibacter asiaticus (CLas), is an important and threatening disease for the citru s industry in southeast Iran. In the present study, seasonal dynamic monitoring of CLas was conducted by absolute real-time PCR. Plant materials were obtained across 7 and 6 months from December 2014 to October 2015 from three parts of the canopy of two naturally infected citrus

Hawthorn as a wild plant is an important fruit for human health. In this study, it was aimed to determine some physical and chemical properties of common hawthorn which is native plant of middle Anatolia in Turkey. According to chemical analysis results, crude protein, crude oil, ash, pH, acidity, total phenol contents and antioxidant activity values were found to be 3.03%, 1.22%, 2.77%, 4.08, 1.56%

Downy mildew is a serious disease in cucumber production worldwide, which is caused by Pseudoperonospora cubensis (Berk. & Curt.) Rostov. Underlying the mechanism of cucumber response to downy mildew infection is important for breeding improvement and production; however, the research remains largely elusive. A comparative proteomic approach was used to reveal the differential accumulation of the proteomes

China has experienced unprecedented urbanization in the past few decades, fueled by population growth, economic development, and rural to urban migration. In the future, economic growth as well as rural to urban migration is expected to continue, but demographic scenarios indicate that the population of China will peak and subsequently decline. As a result, it is unsure how urban areas will develop

Citrus Huanglongbing, associated with Candidatus Liberibacter asiaticus (Las), is the serious disease of citrus worldwide. Here, we compared differences between leaf and root responses in Wanjincheng Orange (Citrus sinensis Osbeck) to Las infection using leaf-disc grafting. Trees had no obvious symptoms in the first two months after grafting (MAG), but yellowing leaves, thickened midribs and decayed

As the global climate warms, cities worldwide face more frequent and extreme heatwaves. These events can affect human health and decrease liveability. While the mitigating effects of vegetation on land surface temperature (LST) are well characterised at large spatial scales and during typical weather conditions, the cooling benefits that urban greening can provide at local scales, particularly during

Cities throughout the world are experimenting with Low Impact Development (LID) strategies to replace ecosystem services degraded by urbanization. Stormwater management may need both centralized/publicly-managed infrastructure and decentralized provision by landowners. For landowners to participate in these programs they will need some latitude in the choice of techniques and siting. However, these

Chinese cabbage, belonging to Brassica rapa species, is an important vegetable in Eastern Asia. It is well known that Chinese cabbage is quite recalcitrant to genetic transformation and the transgenic frequency is generally low. The lack of an efficient and stable genetic transformation system for Chinese cabbage has largely limited related gene functional studies. In this study, we firstly developed

ABSTRACT The plantain weevil, Mecinus pascuorum (Gyllenhal), an introduced species associated with narrow leaf plantain, has become a regular and common post-harvest contaminant of kiwifruit in South Auckland. Here we describe its life history in New Zealand for the first time, based on surveys of narrow leaf plantain, shelter trees and kiwifruit vines, light trapping and ovarian dissections. Adult

ABSTRACT Drought is the main factor restricting the yield of winter wheat in large arid and semiarid areas. The balance between water conservation and photosynthesis is important for breeding drought-resistant wheat cultivars. Besides, the mechanisms for drought resistance in many drought-resistant wheat cultivars have not been completely explored. To elucidate the above questions, the photosynthetic

ABSTRACT Pomegranate (Punica granatum L.), a fruit-bearing shrub with extensive genetic and geographical diversity, effectively takes its place among several other significant global fruit crops. The global demand for pomegranate is increasing consistently since this fruit has recently been merited with the status of a ‘super fruit’; apart from its other culinary and medicinal (both ethnomedical and

The Dallas-Fort Worth (DFW) metropolitan area is one of the fastest growing areas in the U.S. As the urbanization process continues in DFW, existing greenfields are being developed and more developments appear near floodplains. This research examines the relationships between existing vacant land and the urbanization process by analyzing the land cover change between 2011 and 2016 in and around current

Rapid unplanned urbanization has led to a deterioration in green cover in Indian cities and an increase in urban temperatures due to the urban heat island (UHI) effect. With India’s urban population set to double from 400 million in 2011 to 800 million by 2050, it becomes critical to understand the role of urban green spaces (UGS) in mitigating the UHI. In this study, we have used high-resolution Landsat

Bingöl and Isparta are two remote regions with significant differences in terms of apple production in Turkey. In this study, some morphological and physiological characteristics of the apple scab (Venturia inaequalis) were measured and compared between these two regions. Colony colors and boundary lines, mycelial structures, colony growth rates, conidial numbers and sizes of the isolates were measured

Turkey is the leading producer of hazelnuts of global production. Hazelnuts are generally used in the food industry (e.g. by confectioneries, bakeries, ice-cream manufacturers; in dairy, candy, and chocolate products). They are also a part of a wide range of food including cereals, bread, yogurt, soups, and salads. This study was conducted in the Central Black Sea Region of Northern Turkey, which is

This study was conducted to analyze profitability of apricot investment in Malatya province of Turkey. In this study, the data were collected through face-to-face interviews with 159 farmers from the districts of Central, Akcadag and Darende at the Malatya province in the production year of 2012–2013. Data obtained have been shown in the tables issued by the use of percentage and index calculations

In this research was aimed to define the energy use efficiency of mandarin production for the 2017 production seasons in Adana province in Turkey. A survey data were compiled in 2017 and the farms were chosen according to the simple random sampling method and the survey were done to these farms. In order to define the energy use efficiency in the production of mandarin, a survey was done with 142 farmers

Outbreaks of spruce bark beetle Ips typographus have devastating effects on European forest landscapes. Salvage removal of windfelled trees is deemed effective to prevent the outbreaks, although adverse effects on ecosystem recovery, ecologically valuable legacies, and unclear economic performance raise concerns about the widespread use of this practice. Here, we formulated a novel management framework