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Effects of the kinetic pattern of dietary glucose release on nitrogen utilization, the portal amino acid profile, and nutrient transporter expression in intestinal enterocytes in piglets J. Anim. Sci. Biotechnol. (IF 7.0) Pub Date : 2024-03-18 Zexi Li, Yunfei Li, Yufei Zhao, Guifu Wang, Rujie Liu, Yue Li, Qamar Aftab, Zewei Sun, Qingzhen Zhong
Promoting the synchronization of glucose and amino acid release in the digestive tract of pigs could effectively improve dietary nitrogen utilization. The rational allocation of dietary starch sources and the exploration of appropriate dietary glucose release kinetics may promote the dynamic balance of dietary glucose and amino acid supplies. However, research on the effects of diets with different
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Updated single cell reference atlas for the starlet anemone Nematostella vectensis Front. Zool. (IF 2.8) Pub Date : 2024-03-18 Alison G. Cole, Julia Steger, Julia Hagauer, Andreas Denner, Patricio Ferrer Murguia, Paul Knabl, Sanjay Narayanaswamy, Brittney Wick, Juan D. Montenegro, Ulrich Technau
The recent combination of genomics and single cell transcriptomics has allowed to assess a variety of non-conventional model organisms in much more depth. Single cell transcriptomes can uncover hidden cellular complexity and cell lineage relationships within organisms. The recent developmental cell atlases of the sea anemone Nematostella vectensis, a representative of the basally branching Cnidaria
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Sustainable Pig Diets: Partial Grain Replacement with Former Food Products and its impact on Meat Quality J. Anim. Sci. (IF 3.3) Pub Date : 2024-03-15 Marco Tretola, Sharon Mazzoleni, Paolo Silacci, Sébastien Dubois, Cristina Proserpio, Ella Pagliarini, Cristian EM Bernardi, Luciano Pinotti, Giuseppe Bee
This study investigated the effects of salty and sugary Former Foodstuff Products (FFPs) on the quality traits and meat composition of 36 male castrated pigs (Swiss Large White breed) as well as sensory characteristics of the loins. The animals were fed three different diets for both the growing (G) and finishing (F) phases: (1) a standard diet (ST), 0% FFPs; (2) a diet with 30% of sugary FFPs (e.g
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Global gene expression profiling of perirenal brown adipose tissue whitening in goat kids reveals novel genes linked to adipose remodeling J. Anim. Sci. Biotechnol. (IF 7.0) Pub Date : 2024-03-14 Le Zhao, Haili Yang, Minhao Li, Min Xiao, Xingchun Li, Lei Cheng, Wenqiang Cheng, Meixi Chen, Yongju Zhao
Brown adipose tissue (BAT) is known to be capable of non-shivering thermogenesis under cold stimulation, which is related to the mortality of animals. In the previous study, we observed that goat BAT is mainly located around the kidney at birth, and changes to white adipose tissue (WAT) in the perirenal adipose tissue of goats within one month after birth. However, the regulatory factors underlying
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Multi-omics integration identifies regulatory factors underlying bovine subclinical mastitis J. Anim. Sci. Biotechnol. (IF 7.0) Pub Date : 2024-03-14 Mengqi Wang, Naisu Yang, Mario Laterrière, David Gagné, Faith Omonijo, Eveline M. Ibeagha-Awemu
Mastitis caused by multiple factors remains one of the most common and costly disease of the dairy industry. Multi-omics approaches enable the comprehensive investigation of the complex interactions between multiple layers of information to provide a more holistic view of disease pathogenesis. Therefore, this study investigated the genomic and epigenomic signatures and the possible regulatory mechanisms
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Genetic parameters for carcass traits of progeny of beef bulls mated to dairy cows J. Anim. Sci. (IF 3.3) Pub Date : 2024-03-14 John W Keele, Blake A Foraker, Ryan Boldt, Chip Kemp, Larry A Kuehn, Dale R Woerner
Beef × dairy crossbred cattle (n=615) were used to evaluate the effect of pre-harvest indicator traits and genotypes on accuracy of estimated breeding values (EBV) of seedstock candidates for selection. Genotypes for 100,000 single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNP) were provided by the American Simmental Association of purebred and crossbred seedstock animals (n=2,632). Five hundred ninety-five of the
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Parental betaine supplementation promotes gosling growth with epigenetic modulation of IGF gene family in the liver J. Anim. Sci. (IF 3.3) Pub Date : 2024-03-14 Shuai Ma, Yan Wang, Liang Chen, Wenzheng Wang, Xinjuan Zhuang, Yuelong Liu, Ruqian Zhao
Betaine is widely used as a feed additive in the chicken industry to promote laying performance and growth performance, yet it is unknown whether betaine can be used in geese to improve the laying performance of goose breeders and the growth traits of offspring goslings. In this study, laying goose breeders at 39 weeks of age were fed basal (Control, CON) or betaine-supplemented diets at low (2.5 g/kg
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Staphylococcus aureus and biofilms: transmission, threats, and promising strategies in animal husbandry J. Anim. Sci. Biotechnol. (IF 7.0) Pub Date : 2024-03-13 Mengda Song, Qi Tang, Yakun Ding, Peng Tan, Yucheng Zhang, Tao Wang, Chenlong Zhou, Shenrui Xu, Mengwei Lyu, Yueyu Bai, Xi Ma
Staphylococcus aureus (S. aureus) is a common pathogenic bacterium in animal husbandry that can cause diseases such as mastitis, skin infections, arthritis, and other ailments. The formation of biofilms threatens and exacerbates S. aureus infection by allowing the bacteria to adhere to pathological areas and livestock product surfaces, thus triggering animal health crises and safety issues with livestock
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Calcium trafficking and gastrointestinal physiology following an acute lipopolysaccharide challenge in pigs J. Anim. Sci. (IF 3.3) Pub Date : 2024-03-13 J Opgenorth, E J Mayorga, M A Abeyta, B M Goetz, S Rodriguez-Jimenez, A D Freestone, C H Stahl, L H Baumgard
The influence of systemic immune activation on whole-body Ca trafficking and gastrointestinal tract (GIT) physiology are not clear. Thus, study objectives were to characterize the effects of lipopolysaccharide (LPS) on Ca pools and GIT dynamics to increase understanding of immune-induced hypocalcemia, ileus and stomach hemorrhaging. Twelve crossbred pigs [44 ± 3 kg body weight (BW)] were randomly assigned
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In-depth proteome characterization of endometrium and extraembryonic membranes during implantation in pig J. Anim. Sci. Biotechnol. (IF 7.0) Pub Date : 2024-03-12 Maria A. Gil, Josep M. Cambra, Heriberto Rodriguez-Martinez, Cristina Cuello, Inmaculada Parrilla, Emilio A. Martinez
Proteome characterization of the porcine endometrium and extraembryonic membranes is important to understand mother-embryo cross-communication. In this study, the proteome of the endometrium and chorioallantoic membrane was characterized in pregnant sows (PS) during early gestation (d 18 and 24 of gestation) and in the endometrium of non-pregnant sows (NPS) during the same days using LC-MS/MS analysis
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Obituary: Claus Nielsen 1938–2024 Front. Zool. (IF 2.8) Pub Date : 2024-03-12 Jürgen Heinze, Ulrich Technau
Few scholars have left a deep and remaining influence on generations of zoologists. One of them is certainly Claus Nielsen, who recently passed away at the age of 85 years. Claus Nielsen was on the editorial board of Frontiers in Zoology, the journal of the German Zoological Society, for the last 20 years, since 2003. On behalf of the whole Editorial board and the publisher team, we would like to acknowledge
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Feather meal processing methods impact the production parameters, blood biochemical indices, gut function, and hepatic enzyme activity in broilers J. Anim. Sci. (IF 3.3) Pub Date : 2024-03-12 Hassan Safari, Ardeshir Mohit, Maziar Mohiti-Asli
This study investigated the effects of feather meal (FM) processing methods on production parameters, blood biochemical indices, intestinal morphology, digestive and hepatic enzyme activities, and gastrointestinal tract pH and microflora of broilers. A total of 480-day-old male broilers were used for 42 days in a completely randomized design with eight treatments and five replicates (12 chicks/replicate)
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Genetic parameters for yearling male reproduction traits in tropical composite cattle population J. Anim. Sci. (IF 3.3) Pub Date : 2024-03-12 Madeliene L Facy, Michelle L Hebart, Helena Oakey, Rudi A McEwin, Wayne S Pitchford
Fertility is economically important but is hard to quantify and measure in breeding programs which has led extensive breeding programs to ignore fertility in their selection criteria. While female fertility traits have been extensively researched, male fertility traits have been largely ignored. It is estimated that 20 to 40% of bulls have sub-fertility, reducing the number of calves born and profits
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Lightweight model-based sheep face recognition via face image recording channel J. Anim. Sci. (IF 3.3) Pub Date : 2024-03-12 Xiwen Zhang, Chuanzhong Xuan, Yanhua Ma, Haiyang Liu, Jing Xue
The accurate identification of individual sheep is a crucial prerequisite for establishing digital sheep farms and precision livestock farming. Currently, deep learning technology provides an efficient and non-contact method for sheep identity recognition. In particular, convolutional neural networks (CNNs) can be used to learn features of sheep faces to determine their corresponding identities. However
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Effects of a novel dental chew on oral health outcomes, halitosis, and microbiota of adult dogs J. Anim. Sci. (IF 3.3) Pub Date : 2024-03-12 Patricia M Oba, Kelly M Sieja, Amy Schauwecker, Amy J Somrak, Teodora S Hristova, Stephanie C J Keating, Kelly S Swanson
Halitosis in dogs is an initial indication of periodontitis, highlighting its significance as a vital marker for underlying problems. Moreover, the oral microbial population has a significant influence on periodontal disease. Measuring the oral microbiota may be used in addition to breath odor, dental plaque, and gingivitis scoring to assess the impact of dental chews on oral health. In this study
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Geometric morphometrics of silky pocket mice (Perognathus: Perognathinae: Rodentia) crania reveals new insights into their variation, evolution, and taxonomy Zool. J. Linn. Soc. (IF 2.8) Pub Date : 2024-03-12 Bader H Alhajeri, Randa Alaqeely, Hasan Alhaddad
We used cranial geometric morphometric methods (GMM) to explore interspecific variation in Perognathus (silky pocket mice). We digitized 67 cranial landmarks on photographs of 305 adult voucher specimens (10 species and 33 subspecies, 121 localities). After summarizing variation patterns, we explored their association with biological, ecological, and climatic factors, and how (and why) shape evolved
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High expression circRALGPS2 in atretic follicle induces chicken granulosa cell apoptosis and autophagy via encoding a new protein J. Anim. Sci. Biotechnol. (IF 7.0) Pub Date : 2024-03-11 Haorong He, Yuanhang Wei, Yuqi Chen, Xiyu Zhao, Xiaoxu Shen, Qing Zhu, Huadong Yin
The reproductive performance of chickens mainly depends on the development of follicles. Abnormal follicle development can lead to decreased reproductive performance and even ovarian disease among chickens. Chicken is the only non-human animal with a high incidence of spontaneous ovarian cancer. In recent years, the involvement of circRNAs in follicle development and atresia regulation has been confirmed
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Efficacy of a novel multi-enzyme feed additive on growth performance, nutrient digestibility and gut microbiome of weanling pigs fed corn-wheat or wheat-barley based diet J. Anim. Sci. (IF 3.3) Pub Date : 2024-03-11 Ayodeji S Aderibigbe, Chan Sol Park, Timothy Johnson, Deepak E Velayudhan, Ester Vinyeta, Olayiwola Adeola
One-hundred-and-ninety-two weanling pigs (6.7 kg BW) were used to evaluate the impact of a carbohydrases-protease enzyme complex (CPEC) on growth performance, nutrient digestibility, and gut microbiome. Pigs were assigned to 1 of 4 dietary treatments for 42 d according to a 2 × 2 factorial arrangement of diet type [low fiber (LF) or high fiber (HF)] and CPEC supplementation (0 or 170 mg/kg diet). The
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Betaine addition to the diet alleviates intestinal injury in growing rabbits during the summer heat through the AAT/mTOR pathway J. Anim. Sci. Biotechnol. (IF 7.0) Pub Date : 2024-03-08 Zimei Li, Junning Pu, Xiang Chen, Yanbin Chen, Xiaoyan Peng, Jingyi Cai, Gang Jia, Hua Zhao, Gang Tian
The aim of this experiment was to investigate the effect of different levels of betaine (Bet) inclusion in the diet on the intestinal health of growing rabbits under summer heat. A total of 100 weaned Qixing meat rabbits aged 35 d with body weight of 748.61 ± 38.59 g were randomly divided into 5 treatment groups: control group (basal diet) and Bet groups (basal diet + 0.75, 1.0, 1.5 or 2.0 g/kg Bet)
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Enhancing growth, liver health, and bile acid metabolism of tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus) through combined cholesterol and bile acid supplementation in plant-based diets Anim. Nutr. (IF 6.3) Pub Date : 2024-03-08 Jiayuan Jiang, Xing Lu, Lixue Dong, Juan Tian, Jianmin Zhang, Zhongbao Guo, Yongju Luo, Zongbin Cui, Hua Wen, Ming Jiang
The present study aimed to compare the nutritional effects of cholesterol, bile acids, and combination of cholesterol with bile acids in plant-based diets on juvenile genetically improved farmed tilapia (GIFT, ). The isonitrogenous (32 g/kg crude protein) and isolipidic (76 g/kg crude fat) diets (Con diet) were based on plant protein sources, which included corn gluten meal, soybean meal, cottonseed
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Impacts of preweaning colostrum feeding practices and health measures on dairy cow production, while accounting for genetic potential J. Anim. Sci. (IF 3.3) Pub Date : 2024-03-08 Elizah D McFarland, Ibrahim Elsohaby, Christine F Baes, Henrik Stryhn, Gregory Keefe, J T McClure
Calf management and health are essential for setting up the foundation of a productive cow. The objectives of this study were to estimate the impact of preweaning practices on milk production parameters while accounting for an animal’s genetic potential in New Brunswick, Canada. A retrospective cohort study was performed on 220 heifer calves from eight herds born in 2014-2015. Preweaning practices
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The influence of steroidal implants and manganese sulfate supplementation on growth performance, trace mineral status, hepatic gene expression, hepatic enzyme activity, and circulating metabolites in feedlot steers J. Anim. Sci. (IF 3.3) Pub Date : 2024-03-08 Dathan T Smerchek, Emma L Rients, Amy M McLaughlin, Jacob A Henderson, Brock M Ortner, Kara J Thornton, Stephanie L Hansen
Angus-cross steers (n = 144; 359 kg ± 13.4) were used to assess the effect of dietary Mn and steroidal implants on performance, TM status, hepatic enzyme activity, hepatic gene expression, and serum metabolites. Steers (n = 6/pen) were stratified by BW in a 3 × 2 factorial. GrowSafe bunks recorded individual feed intake (experimental unit = steer; n = 24/treatment). Dietary treatments included (MANG;
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Reorganization of 3D genome architecture provides insights into pathogenesis of early fatty liver disease in laying hens J. Anim. Sci. Biotechnol. (IF 7.0) Pub Date : 2024-03-07 Yanli Liu, Zhuqing Zheng, Chaohui Wang, Yumeng Wang, Xi Sun, Zhouzheng Ren, Xin Yang, Xiaojun Yang
Fatty liver disease causes huge economic losses in the poultry industry due to its high occurrence and lethality rate. Three-dimensional (3D) chromatin architecture takes part in disease processing by regulating transcriptional reprogramming. The study is carried out to investigate the alterations of hepatic 3D genome and H3K27ac profiling in early fatty liver (FLS) and reveal their effect on hepatic
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Exploring the modulatory role of bovine lactoferrin on the microbiome and the immune response in healthy and Shiga toxin-producing E. coli challenged weaned piglets J. Anim. Sci. Biotechnol. (IF 7.0) Pub Date : 2024-03-06 Matthias Dierick, Ruben Ongena, Daisy Vanrompay, Bert Devriendt, Eric Cox
Post-weaned piglets suffer from F18+ Escherichia coli (E. coli) infections resulting in post-weaning diarrhoea or oedema disease. Frequently used management strategies, including colistin and zinc oxide, have contributed to the emergence and spread of antimicrobial resistance. Novel antimicrobials capable of directly interacting with pathogens and modulating the host immune responses are being investigated
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Investigation of HCAR2 antagonists as a potential strategy to modulate bovine leukocytes J. Anim. Sci. Biotechnol. (IF 7.0) Pub Date : 2024-03-06 Laman K. Mamedova, Kirby C. Krogstad, Paiton O. McDonald, Laxman Pokhrel, Duy H. Hua, Evan C. Titgemeyer, Barry J. Bradford
Dairy cows experiencing ketosis after calving suffer greater disease incidence and are at greater risk of leaving the herd. In vitro administration of beta-hydroxybutyric acid (BHBA; the primary blood ketone) has inhibitory effects on the function of bovine leukocytes. BHBA is a ligand of HCAR2 and the activation of these receptors promotes an anti-inflammatory response which may be related with immunosuppression
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Next-generation probiotic candidates targeting intestinal health in weaned piglets: Both live and heat-killed Akkermansia muciniphila prevent pathological changes induced by enterotoxigenic Escherichia coli in the gut Anim. Nutr. (IF 6.3) Pub Date : 2024-03-06 Cong Lan, Hua Li, Yuqing Shen, Yang Liu, Aimin Wu, Jun He, Jingyi Cai, Gang Tian, Xiangbing Mao, Zhiqing Huang, Bing Yu, Ping Zheng, Jie Yu, Junqiu Luo, Hui Yan, Yuheng Luo
The use of next-generation probiotics (NGP) in pigs for combating diseases has been subject to limited research. Here we explored the potential of a well-known NGP candidate targeting pig gut health. In the first screening experiment, we found that the abundance of peaked at 14 d old but decreased at weaning (21 d old; < 0.05), suggesting the weaning period may be an effective window for intervention
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Development of an Experimental Model for Liver Abscess Induction in Holstein Steers Using an Acidotic Diet Challenge and Bacterial Inoculation J. Anim. Sci. (IF 3.3) Pub Date : 2024-03-06 Zach S McDaniel, Kristin E Hales, Harith Salih, Alyssa Deters, Xiaorong Shi, T G Nagaraja, Ty E Lawrence, Travis C Tennant, Raghavendra G Amachawadi, Jeff A Carroll, Nicole C Burdick Sanchez, Michael L Galyean, Taylor M Smock, Michael A Ballou, Vinicius S Machado, Emily Davis, Paul R Broadway
Holstein steers (n = 40; initial BW = 84.9 ± 7.1 kg) were used to study the genesis of liver abscesses (LA) using an acidotic diet challenge with or without intraruminal bacterial inoculation. Steers were housed in individual pens inside a barn and randomly assigned to 1 of 3 treatments: 1) low-starch control diet comprised primarily of dry-rolled corn and wet corn gluten feed (CON); 2) high-starch
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A comparative analysis of GIT barrier function and immune markers in gilt vs sow progeny at birth and weaning J. Anim. Sci. (IF 3.3) Pub Date : 2024-03-06 Udani A Wijesiriwardana, John R Pluske, Jessica R Craig, John B Furness, Mitchell Ringuet, Linda J Fothergill, Frank R Dunshea, Jeremy J Cottrell
Progeny born to primiparous sows (gilt progeny; GP) have lower birth, weaning and slaughter weights than sow progeny (SP). GP also have reduced gastrointestinal tract (GIT) development, as evidenced by lower organ weights. Therefore, the aim of this experiment was to quantify changes in GIT barrier function that occur birth and weaning, representing two major challenges to the young piglet. The effects
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Novel uses of ensiled biomasses as feedstocks for green biorefineries J. Anim. Sci. Biotechnol. (IF 7.0) Pub Date : 2024-03-05 Marketta Rinne
Perennial forage plants are efficient utilizers of solar radiation and nutrients so that there is a lot of scope to increase the production of green biomass in many areas. Currently, grasses are mainly used as feeds for ruminants and equines, but there could be higher added value use for several components of the green biomass. Interest in green biorefining has risen recently motivated by the increased
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Correction: Support for a radiation of free-living flatworms in the African Great Lakes region and the description of five new Macrostomum species Front. Zool. (IF 2.8) Pub Date : 2024-03-05 Jeremias N. Brand
Correction: Frontiers in Zoology (2023) 20:31 https://doi.org/10.1186/s12983-023-00509-9 Following publication of the original article [1], the authors reported an error in the spelling of a species name. Based on the taxonomic code of zoology (https://code.iczn.org/formation-and-treatment-of-names/article-32-original-spellings), the species name “Macrostomum schäreri” in the article should be corrected
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Rediscovering the unusual, solitary bryozoan Monobryozoon ambulans Remane, 1936: first molecular and new morphological data clarify its phylogenetic position Front. Zool. (IF 2.8) Pub Date : 2024-03-05 Thomas Schwaha, Sebastian H. Decker, Christian Baranyi, Ahmed J. Saadi
One of the most peculiar groups of the mostly colonial phylum Bryozoa is the taxon Monobryozoon, whose name already implies non-colonial members of the phylum. Its peculiarity and highly unusual lifestyle as a meiobenthic clade living on sand grains has fascinated many biologists. In particular its systematic relationship to other bryozoans remains a mystery. Despite numerous searches for M. ambulans
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Effect of continuous or intermittent feeding of ergot contaminated grain in a mash or pelleted form on the performance and health of feedlot beef steers J. Anim. Sci. (IF 3.3) Pub Date : 2024-03-05 M R Reynolds, K Stanford, D M Meléndez, K S Schwartzkopf-Genswein, T A McAllister, B R Blakley, J J McKinnon, G O Ribeiro
This study evaluated the effect of feeding ergot contaminated grain continuously or intermittently through backgrounding (BG) and finishing (FN) in a mash or pelleted supplement on the growth performance, health and welfare parameters, and carcass characteristics of feedlot beef steers. Sixty black Angus steers (300 ±29.4 kg BW) were used in a complete randomized 238-d study. Steers were stratified
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A holistic perspective on species delimitation outperforms all methods based on single data types in freshwater gastropods (Caenogastropoda: Hydrobiidae: Pseudamnicola) Zool. J. Linn. Soc. (IF 2.8) Pub Date : 2024-03-05 Diana Delicado, Khadija Boulaassafer, Noureddine Khalloufi, Torsten Hauffe
Freshwater gastropods are one of the most species-rich and severely threatened animal groups in continental aquatic ecosystems. Unfortunately, understanding their species diversity, which is key to conservation, is often hampered by their small size, simple morphology, and restricted distribution. This is particularly the case for spring snails of the genus Pseudamnicola (family Hydrobiidae), a species-rich
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Decreased eggshell strength caused by impairment of uterine calcium transport coincide with higher bone minerals and quality in aged laying hens J. Anim. Sci. Biotechnol. (IF 7.0) Pub Date : 2024-03-04 Yu Fu, Jianmin Zhou, Martine Schroyen, Haijun Zhang, Shugeng Wu, Guanghai Qi, Jing Wang
Deteriorations in eggshell and bone quality are major challenges in aged laying hens. This study compared the differences of eggshell quality, bone parameters and their correlations as well as uterine physiological characteristics and the bone remodeling processes of hens laying eggs of different eggshell breaking strength to explore the mechanism of eggshell and bone quality reduction and their interaction
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Dietary xylo-oligosaccharides and arabinoxylans improved growth efficiency by reducing gut epithelial cell turnover in broiler chickens J. Anim. Sci. Biotechnol. (IF 7.0) Pub Date : 2024-03-04 Carla Castro, Shahram Niknafs, Gemma Gonzalez-Ortiz, Xinle Tan, Michael R. Bedford, Eugeni Roura
One of the main roles of the intestinal mucosa is to protect against environmental hazards. Supplementation of xylo-oligosaccharides (XOS) is known to selectively stimulate the growth of beneficial intestinal bacteria and improve gut health and function in chickens. XOS may have an impact on the integrity of the intestinal epithelia where cell turnover is critical to maintain the compatibility between
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Development and application of a multi-step porcine in vitro system to evaluate feedstuffs and feed additives for their efficacy in nutrient digestion, digesta characteristics, and intestinal immune responses Anim. Nutr. (IF 6.3) Pub Date : 2024-03-04 Hee Yeon Kim, Jun-Ok Moon, Sung Woo Kim
In vitro model provides alternatives to the use of live animals in research. In pig nutrition, there has been a tremendous increase in in vivo research over the decades. Proper utilization of in vitro models could provide a screening tool to reduce the needs of in vivo studies, research duration, cost, and the use of animals and feeds. This study aimed to develop a multi-step porcine in vitro system
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Effects of the level and source of dietary physically effective fiber on feed intake, nutrient utilization, heat energy, ruminal fermentation, and milk production by Alpine goats Anim. Nutr. (IF 6.3) Pub Date : 2024-03-04 Raquel V. Lourencon, Amlan K. Patra, Luana P.S. Ribeiro, Ryszard Puchala, Wei Wang, Terry A. Gipson, Arthur L. Goetsch
Thirty-two primiparous and 31 multiparous Alpine goats were used to determine influences of diets varying in level and source of forage on performance in early to mid-lactation for 16 wk. Diets consisted of 40%, 50%, 60%, and 70% forage (designated as 40F, 50F, 60F, and 70F, respectively) with 60F and 70F containing coarsely ground grass hay (primarily orchardgrass) and 40F and 50F containing cottonseed
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The effects of hydrolyzed protein on macronutrient digestibility, fecal metabolites and microbiota, oxidative stress and inflammatory biomarkers, and skin and coat quality in adult dogs J. Anim. Sci. (IF 3.3) Pub Date : 2024-03-04 Clare Hsu, Fabio Marx, Ryan Guldenpfennig, Negin Valizadegan, Maria R C de Godoy
Research on protein hydrolysates has observed various properties and functionalities on ingredients depending on the type of hydrolysate. The objective of this study was to evaluate the effects of hydrolyzed chicken protein that was incorporated into diets on digestibility, gut health, skin and coat health, oxidative stress, and intestinal inflammation markers in healthy adult dogs. Five complete and
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Identification and characterization of unknown disturbances in a structured population using high-throughput phenotyping data and measurement of robustness: application to growing pigs J. Anim. Sci. (IF 3.3) Pub Date : 2024-03-04 Vincent Le, Tom Rohmer, Ingrid David
Improving the robustness of animals has become a priority in breeding due to climate change, new societal demands and the agroecological transition. Components of animal robustness can be extracted from the analysis of the adaptive response of an animal to disturbance using longitudinal data. Nonetheless, this response is a function of animal robustness as well as of disturbance characteristics (intensity
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Maternal protein supplementation during mid-gestation improves offspring performance and metabolism in beef cows J. Anim. Sci. (IF 3.3) Pub Date : 2024-03-04 Karolina B Nascimento, Matheus C Galvão, Javier A M Meneses, German D Ramírez-Zamudio, Douglas G Pereira, Pedro V R Paulino, Daniel R Casagrande, Tathyane R S Gionbelli, Marcio M Ladeira, Marcio S Duarte, Juan J Loor, Mateus P Gionbelli
This study examined the impact of maternal protein supplementation during mid-gestation on offspring, considering potential sex-related effects. Forty-three pregnant purebred Tabapuã beef cows (20 female; 23 male fetuses) were collectively managed in a pasture until 100 days of gestation. From 100 to 200 days of gestation, they were randomly assigned to the Restricted group [(RES) - basal diet (75%
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Interactions between maternal parity and feed additives drive the composition of pig gut microbiomes in the post-weaning period J. Anim. Sci. Biotechnol. (IF 7.0) Pub Date : 2024-03-03 Kayla Law, Eduardo Rosa Medina Garcia, Chad Hastad, Deborah Murray, Pedro E. Urriola, Andres Gomez
Nursery pigs undergo stressors in the post-weaning period that result in production and welfare challenges. These challenges disproportionately impact the offspring of primiparous sows compared to those of multiparous counterparts. Little is known regarding potential interactions between parity and feed additives in the post-weaning period and their effects on nursery pig microbiomes. Therefore, the
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Distinct taxonomic practices impact patterns of bird endemism in the South American Cerrado savannas Zool. J. Linn. Soc. (IF 2.8) Pub Date : 2024-03-03 Leonardo E Lopes, Luiz P Gonzaga, Marcos Rodrigues, José Maria C da Silva
Identifying endemic species and the areas of endemism delimited by them is central to biogeography. However, the impact of distinct taxonomic approaches on these patterns is often neglected. We investigated how three different taxonomic approaches impact the patterns of bird endemism in the Cerrado. The first two approaches (at species and subspecies levels) were based on traditional taxonomy based
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Two intestinal microbiota-derived metabolites, deoxycholic acid and butyrate, synergize to enhance host defense peptide synthesis and alleviate necrotic enteritis J. Anim. Sci. Biotechnol. (IF 7.0) Pub Date : 2024-03-02 Dohyung M. Kim, Jing Liu, Melanie A. Whitmore, Isabel Tobin, Zijun Zhao, Guolong Zhang
Necrotic enteritis (NE) is a major enteric disease in poultry, yet effective mitigation strategies remain elusive. Deoxycholic acid (DCA) and butyrate, two major metabolites derived from the intestinal microbiota, have independently been shown to induce host defense peptide (HDP) synthesis. However, the potential synergy between these two compounds remains unexplored. To investigate the possible synergistic
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88 Impacts of trace mineral source and ancillary drench on steer performance during a 60-day backgrounding phase J. Anim. Sci. (IF 3.3) Pub Date : 2024-03-02 Madeline McKnight, Kelsey M Harvey, Brandi B Karisch, Juan C Cordero, Mason Drewery, Libby S Durst, Eduardo Colombo, Reinaldo F Cooke, Jason R Russell
This experiment evaluated the impacts of supplementing organic complexed Cu, Co, Mn, and Zn on productive and health responses of high-risk beef cattle during a 60-d backgrounding phase. Crossbred steers (n = 120) were purchased at auction and transported to the experimental facility. Steer BW was recorded at arrival (d -1; initial shrunk BW = 227.7 ± 1.3 kg). On d 0, steers were ranked by BW and allocated
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136 Evaluation of internal parasite burden in grazing beef cattle in North Carolina over a production lifecycle J. Anim. Sci. (IF 3.3) Pub Date : 2024-03-02 Katherine G Williams, Carrie L Pickworth, Andrew R Weaver, Daniel H Poole
Gastrointestinal nematode (GIN) parasite infections can be detrimental to not only cattle health and immunity, but also result in economic loss and poor performance. Cattle grazing in the southeast are challenged even further by the favorable environmental conditions for parasite development, especially those animals who have yet to develop an immunity to combat parasitism. To diminish potential economic
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72 Comparison of Myotonic, Kiko, and Spanish Sires for Meat Goat Doe-Kid Traits J. Anim. Sci. (IF 3.3) Pub Date : 2024-03-02 Emily G Hayes, Heather Meador, Richard Browning
Myotonic goats are a small-framed heritage breed known for the condition myotonia congenita which causes a prolonged contraction of their muscles when startled. There is a potential for them to be utilized in commercial meat goat systems within the United States. This study evaluated the effect of Myotonic sires on kid preweaning and doe reproductive traits across a 2-yr period. Myotonic (n = 6) and
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144 Utilizing invasive pigweed (Amaranthus Spinosus) as a novel methane mitigation strategy in beef cattle feed: A sustainable approach J. Anim. Sci. (IF 3.3) Pub Date : 2024-03-02 Wilmer Cuervo, Camila Gomez, Ignacio Fernandez-Marenchino, Araceli B Maderal, Federico Tarnonsky, Cristian Erazo-Mendes, Tessa M Schulmeister, Nicolas DiLorenzo
By 2050, the US beef industry must produce an extra 40 million tons of beef to satisfy the global demand, while reducing methane (CH4) emissions. This surplus of cattle will be provided mostly by cow-calf operations, which rely primarily on grazing. Those pastures are often infested with weeds such as pigweed (Amaranthus spinosus), one of the most invasive in the US, known for its increased polyphenols
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4 Utilizing SmartFeed Pro and SuperSmart Feeders for applied beef cattle research J. Anim. Sci. (IF 3.3) Pub Date : 2024-03-02 Timothy DelCurto, Sam Wyffels
Designing research for applied beef cattle production systems has always presented challenges for Land Grant University and USDA Scientist. Specifically, creating study designs that have enough replication for statistical inference has often prompted scientists to use designs that do not closely replicate actual production systems. Past research has often used multiple replications (pens/paddocks/pastures)
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131 Selenium-form effects on hepatic function and selenoprotein mRNAs in the early pregnant heifer J. Anim. Sci. (IF 3.3) Pub Date : 2024-03-02 Jordan Jackson, Elizabeth Stamper, Benjamin Crites, Kwangwon Son, Sarah Carr, Phillip Bridges
Selenium (Se) is an integral component of selenoproteins, with effective scavenging of harmful reactive oxygen species (ROS) by selenoproteins necessary to protect cells from oxidative stress. Due to the presence of Se-deficient soils in large portions of the US, including the southeast cow-calf producing states, grazed forages are insufficient in this trace mineral and dietary supplementation is recommended
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28 Investigating the effects of Chromium Propionate supplementation on reproductive performance of beef cows J. Anim. Sci. (IF 3.3) Pub Date : 2024-03-02 Trinity Vidlund, Hannah Craun, Camille Mitchell, John Currin, Jamie L Stewart, Sherrie Clark, Tracey Redifer, Vitor R G Mercadante
The objective of this study was to explore the effects on reproductive performance of beef cows supplemented with Chromium Propionate during the post-partum and breeding periods. A total of 955 multiparous suckled beef cows located at eight locations were enrolled in the study. Within location cows were stratified based on parity, body condition score (BCS), and days postpartum (DPP) and randomly assigned
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121 Unraveling the biology of bovine conceptus elongation J. Anim. Sci. (IF 3.3) Pub Date : 2024-03-02 Gabriela Lamberti, Anna K Goldkamp, Maria Lopes, Nicole Bonmann, Samuel Van Rhijn, Darren E Hagen, Joao Moraes
The establishment of pregnancy is a well-regulated process that involves the development of a viable blastocyst, conceptus elongation, maternal recognition of pregnancy, implantation, and the onset of placentation. Pregnancy loss is a major factor limiting reproductive efficiency in livestock species. In cattle, most embryonic losses occur during the first month of gestation. The genetic and epigenetic
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107 Bacterial direct-fed microbial mixtures effects on beef cattle ruminal degradability kinetics J. Anim. Sci. (IF 3.3) Pub Date : 2024-03-02 DeAnja A McLain, Jhones O Sarturi, Kaliu G Silva, Bradley J Johnson, Barbara Rodrigues, Marie Goulais, Juliana Pessoni, Beatriz Reis
The effects of bacterial direct-fed microbial (DFM) mixtures on beef cattle ruminal degradability were evaluated. Six ruminally cannulated beef steers (BW = 520 ± 30 kg) were used in a replicated 3 × 3 Latin square design and offered a steam-flaked corn-based finishing diet to ad libitum intake during three, 28-d periods. Treatments were: 1) Control (no DFM, lactose carrier only); 2) Treat-A (L. animalis
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57 Impact of Cache Valley Virus in an Arkansas sheep flock J. Anim. Sci. (IF 3.3) Pub Date : 2024-03-02 Joan M Burke, Erin Wood, Charles Lee, Ann Carpenter, Noah Kojima, Anna Fagre, Amanda Calvert, Elisa Thrasher, Stacey Martin, Erin Staples, Carolyn Gould
Cache Valley Virus (CVV) is an arbovirus transmitted between mosquitos and several vertebrate species, including small ruminants. Infections in adult sheep and goats is generally subclinical, but infection during pregnancy is a growing animal welfare issue as it can result in embryo or pregnancy loss, fetal malformation, and dystocia. Diagnosis in fetal tissue or neonates is made using serologic or
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92 Rearing system influenced the performance, GI-parasite burden, and immune profile of pregnant does during winter J. Anim. Sci. (IF 3.3) Pub Date : 2024-03-02 Sadikshya Lamsal, Uma Karki, Santoshi Chaudhary, Durga P Dhakal, Bidur Paneru
Small ruminants in the Southeast are predominantly raised outdoors, regardless of seasons and associated weather conditions. Severe weather in winter can decline the performance of pregnant animals and compromise their performance and immunological states. Indoor raising of pregnant animals during winter may minimize the adverse effect of cold stress; however, such potential has not been evaluated
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15 Influence of early progesterone removal on follicular development, estrus expression, and pregnancy rates in presynchronized beef cows J. Anim. Sci. (IF 3.3) Pub Date : 2024-03-02 Samir Burato, Madison B Walker, Lucas M Goncalves, Nicola Oosthuizen, Saulo M Zoca, Francine M Ciriaco, Darren D Henry, Juliana Ranches, Pedro L P Fontes
The objective of this study was to evaluate the impact of early progesterone removal on pregnancy rates to fixed-time artificial insemination (FTAI) in presynchronized beef cows. Postpartum beef cows (n = 922; body condition score = 4.9 ± 0.77; days postpartum = 77.3 ± 20.77 d) from 7 locations were enrolled in a completely randomized design. Within location, cows were stratified by parity and days
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117 Supplementation with soy hull during late gestation and lactation on parasite indicators in hair sheep ewes J. Anim. Sci. (IF 3.3) Pub Date : 2024-03-02 MacKenzie Robertson, Dahlia J O'Brien, Stephan A Wildeus, Javin Davis, Kwame Matthews
Before lambing and up to 8 wk during lactation, ewes experience a temporary loss of immunity to gastrointestinal nematodes (GIN). This can result in a periparturient increase in fecal egg counts (FEC) along with clinical symptoms of parasitism. This increase in FEC can lead to greater larval numbers on pasture, consequently exposing lambs to a greater level of infection that can impair production.
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Supplemental trace minerals as complexed or inorganic sources for beef cattle during the receiving period J. Anim. Sci. (IF 3.3) Pub Date : 2024-03-02 Robin A Cheek, Elizabeth B Kegley, Jason R Russell, Jana L Reynolds, Kirsten A Midkiff, Doug Galloway, Jeremy G Powell
To investigate effects of inorganic or complexed trace mineral source (zinc, copper, manganese, and cobalt) on receiving period performance and morbidity, crossbred beef heifer calves (n = 287) arriving on 3 delivery dates were used in a 42-day receiving trial. Heifers were processed after arrival, stratified by d -1 body weights (BW) and allocated randomly to 8 pens (11 to 13 heifers/pen, 24 pens
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61 Determining in vivo and in vitro predatory activity of Duddingtonia flagrans and interaction with dietary coccidiostat J. Anim. Sci. (IF 3.3) Pub Date : 2024-03-02 Joan M Burke, Suman Rohila, Katherine Petersson, Elizabeth Kass, Adriano Vatta, James E Miller
A nematode trapping fungus, Duddingtonia flagrans (Df), fed to sheep is useful for biocontrol of gastrointestinal nematodes on pasture. The objectives were: 1) validate methods to determine viability of a commercial source of Df before beginning research studies, and 2) examine the interaction between Df and dietary coccidiostat (as decoquinate). Methods: Study 1: In Jan 2023, weaned Katahdin lambs
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2 Number of spot samples required when using the GreenFeed System in grazing beef cows J. Anim. Sci. (IF 3.3) Pub Date : 2024-03-02 Elizabeth Dressler, Jennifer M Bormann, Robert Weaber, Megan M Rolf
Methane (CH4) production from beef cattle occurs through a natural digestive process called enteric fermentation. This has increasingly become an area of focus due to environmental and efficiency concerns. There are several techniques to quantify gas fluxes from beef cattle such as an open circuit gas quantification system (OCGQS). The GreenFeed (C-Lock, Inc.) is an OCGQS, which has been validated
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161 Effects of Sericea Lespedeza Supplementation on Steers Grazing Wild-Type Endophyte-Infected Tall Fescue J. Anim. Sci. (IF 3.3) Pub Date : 2024-03-02 Sanjok Poudel, Gabriel J Pent, John H Fike, Brittany Harlow, Wayne Zeller
Fescue toxicosis poses a significant challenge to the United States beef industry, resulting in considerable economic losses. This syndrome arises from the consumption of tall fescue (Schedonorus arundinaceous) infected with the wild-type endophyte (WE; Epichloe coenophiala), which produces toxic alkaloids. The most effective solution for mitigating fescue toxicosis is renovating WE tall fescue pastures